JP6860989B2 - 発光素子、発光装置、電子機器および照明装置 - Google Patents
発光素子、発光装置、電子機器および照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6860989B2 JP6860989B2 JP2016142425A JP2016142425A JP6860989B2 JP 6860989 B2 JP6860989 B2 JP 6860989B2 JP 2016142425 A JP2016142425 A JP 2016142425A JP 2016142425 A JP2016142425 A JP 2016142425A JP 6860989 B2 JP6860989 B2 JP 6860989B2
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzothiazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1 GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
本実施の形態では、発光素子のEL層において、TTAが発生するメカニズムについて説明する。
本実施の形態では、有機化合物について説明する。なお、本実施の形態で説明する有機化合物は、実施の形態1で一例として挙げた1,5CzP2Aや1,8CzP2Aと同様にフェルスター機構によるエネルギー移動に起因するTTAの発生確率を高めることができる有機化合物である。
本実施の形態では、発光素子について図4を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、EL層を複数有する構造の発光素子(以下、タンデム型発光素子という)について説明する。
本実施の形態では、発光装置について説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光装置を適用して完成させた様々な電子機器や自動車の一例について、説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光素子を適用して作製される照明装置の構成について図11を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様である発光装置を適用した応用品である照明装置の一例について、図12を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態においては、本発明の一態様である発光素子または本発明の一態様である発光装置を有するタッチパネルについて、図13〜図17を用いて説明を行う。
本実施の形態においては、発光素子を有する表示装置として、反射型の液晶素子と、発光素子と、を有し、透過モードと反射モードの両方の表示を行うことのできる表示装置について、図36〜図38を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、発光素子について説明する。なお、本実施の形態で説明する発光素子は、実施の形態2で説明した発光素子と異なる構成を有する。従って、発光素子の素子構造およびその作製方法について図39(A)(B)を用いて説明する。但し、実施の形態2で説明した発光素子と共通する部分については、実施の形態2の説明を参照することとして、説明を省略する。
本実施の形態では、発光素子を適用した照明システムの一例について、図40を用いて説明する。
まず、ガラス製の基板900上に酸化珪素を含むインジウム錫酸化物(ITO)をスパッタリング法により成膜し、陽極として機能する第1の電極901を形成した。なお、その膜厚は70nmとし、電極面積は2mm×2mmとした。
上記の発光素子1乃至発光素子4について、遅延蛍光測定を行った。測定にはピコ秒蛍光寿命測定システム(浜松ホトニクス社製)を用いた。本測定では、発光素子の発光層から得られる蛍光発光の寿命を測定するため、発光素子に矩形パルス電圧を印加して発光させ、その電圧の立下りから減衰していく発光をストリークカメラにより時間分解測定した。パルス電圧は10Hzの周期で印加し、繰り返し測定したデータを積算することにより、S/N比の高いデータを得た。また、測定は室温(23℃に保たれた雰囲気)で、印加パルス電圧が3V前後、印加パルス時間幅が100μsec、負バイアス電圧が−5V、測定時間範囲が50μsecの条件で行った。
作製した発光素子のうち、発光層にドーパント(発光物質)を含まない発光素子1および発光素子3、発光層にドーパント(発光物質)を含む発光素子2および発光素子4の動作特性についてそれぞれ測定した。なお、測定は室温(25℃に保たれた雰囲気)で行った。
本実施例では、有機化合物、1,5−ビス[4−(9H−カルバゾール−9−イル)フェニル]アントラセン(略称:1,5CzP2A)(構造式100)の合成方法について説明する。なお、1,5CzP2Aの構造を以下に示す。
1.2g(3.6mmol)の1,5−ジブロモアントラセンと、2.3g(7.9mmol)の4−(9H−カルバゾール−9−イル)フェニルボロン酸と、2.2g(16mmol)の炭酸カリウムと、30mLのトルエンと、10mLのエタノールと、8mLの水と83mg(71μmol)のテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)の混合物を、窒素気流下、90℃で14時間攪拌した。
本実施例では、有機化合物、1,8−ビス[4−(9H−カルバゾール−9−イル)フェニル]アントラセン(略称:1,8CzP2A)の合成方法について説明する。なお、1,8CzP2Aの構造を以下に示す。
200mL三口フラスコに1.2g(3.7mmol)の1,8−ジブロモアントラセンと、2.3g(8.1mmol)の4−(9H−カルバゾール−9−イル)フェニルボロン酸と、2.2g(16mmol)の炭酸カリウムと、30mLのトルエンと、10mLのエタノールと、8mLの水と、85mg(74μmol)のテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)の混合物を、窒素気流下、90℃で14時間攪拌した。
102 EL層
103 第2の電極
111 正孔注入層
112 正孔輸送層
113 発光層
114 電子輸送層
115 電子注入層
201 第1の電極
202(1) 第1のEL層
202(2) 第2のEL層
202(n−1) 第(n−1)のEL層
202(n) 第(n)のEL層
204 第2の電極
205(1)〜205(n−1) 電荷発生層
301 素子基板
302 画素部
303 駆動回路部(ソース線駆動回路)
304a、304b 駆動回路部(ゲート線駆動回路)
305 シール材
306 封止基板
307 配線
308 FPC(フレキシブルプリントサーキット)
309 FET
310 FET
312 電流制御用FET
313a、313b 第1の電極(陽極)
314 絶縁物
315 EL層
316 第2の電極(陰極)
317a、317b 発光素子
318 空間
320a、320b 導電膜
321、322 領域
323 引き回し配線
324 有色層(カラーフィルタ)
325 黒色層(ブラックマトリクス)
326、327、328 FET
401 基板
402 第1の電極
404 第2の電極
403a、403b、403c EL層
405 発光素子
406 絶縁膜
407 隔壁
501 アントラセン骨格
502 カルバゾール骨格
600 表示装置
603 表示部
604 画素
605 導電膜
606 位置
607 開口部
610 液晶素子
611 発光素子
615 トランジスタ
616 トランジスタ
617 トランジスタ
618 端子部
619 端子部
621 基板
622 基板
623 発光素子
624 液晶素子
625 絶縁層
628 着色層
629 接着層
630 導電層
631 EL層
632 導電層
633 開口部
634 着色層
635 遮光層
636 構造体
637 導電層
638 液晶
639 導電層
640 配向膜
641 配向膜
642 接着層
643 導電層
644 FPC
645 接続層
646 絶縁層
647 接続部
648 接続体
700 照明システム
701 発光素子
702 制御部
703 CPU
704 メモリ
705 通信部
706 電源
707 センサ
900 基板
901 第1の電極
902 EL層
903 第2の電極
911 正孔注入層
912 正孔輸送層
913 発光層
914 電子輸送層
915 電子注入層
2000 タッチパネル
2000’ タッチパネル
2501 表示パネル
2502R 画素
2502t トランジスタ
2503c 容量素子
2503g 走査線駆動回路
2503t トランジスタ
2509 FPC
2510 基板
2511 配線
2519 端子
2521 絶縁層
2528 絶縁体
2550R 発光素子
2560 封止層
2567BM 遮光層
2567p 反射防止層
2567R 着色層
2570 基板
2590 基板
2591 電極
2592 電極
2593 絶縁層
2594 配線
2595 タッチセンサ
2597 接着層
2598 配線
2599 端子
2601 パルス電圧出力回路
2602 電流検出回路
2603 容量
2611 トランジスタ
2612 トランジスタ
2613 トランジスタ
2621 電極
2622 電極
3200 基板
3201 陰極
3202 EL層
3203 陽極
3213 発光層
3214 電子注入層
3215 正孔輸送層
3216 正孔注入層
3217 絶縁物
3300 ヘッド部
3301a 噴射部
3301c 噴射部
3302a 圧電素子
3302c 圧電素子
3303a インク
3303c インク
4000 照明装置
4001 基板
4002 発光素子
4003 基板
4004 電極
4005 EL層
4006 電極
4007 電極
4008 電極
4009 補助配線
4010 絶縁層
4011 封止基板
4012 シール材
4013 乾燥剤
4015 拡散板
4100 照明装置
4200 照明装置
4201 基板
4202 発光素子
4204 電極
4205 EL層
4206 電極
4207 電極
4208 電極
4209 補助配線
4210 絶縁層
4211 封止基板
4212 シール材
4213 バリア膜
4214 平坦化膜
4215 拡散板
4300 照明装置
5101 ライト
5102 ホイール
5103 ドア
5104 表示部
5105 ハンドル
5106 シフトレバー
5107 座席シート
5108 インナーリアビューミラー
7100 テレビジョン装置
7101 筐体
7103 表示部
7105 スタンド
7107 表示部
7109 操作キー
7110 リモコン操作機
7201 本体
7202 筐体
7203 表示部
7204 キーボード
7205 外部接続ポート
7206 ポインティングデバイス
7302 筐体
7304 表示部
7305 時刻を表すアイコン
7306 その他のアイコン
7311 操作ボタン
7312 操作ボタン
7313 接続端子
7321 バンド
7322 留め金
7400 携帯電話機
7401 筐体
7402 表示部
7403 操作用ボタン
7404 外部接続部
7405 スピーカ
7406 マイク
7407 カメラ
7500(1)、7500(2) 筐体
7501(1)、7501(2) 第1面
7502(1)、7502(2) 第2面
8001 照明装置
8002 照明装置
8003 照明装置
9310 携帯情報端末
9311 表示部
9312 表示領域
9313 ヒンジ
9315 筐体
Claims (14)
- 陽極と陰極との間にEL層を有し、
前記EL層は、発光層を有し、
前記発光層は、第1の有機化合物を有し、
前記第1の有機化合物のTn準位のうち一以上は、前記第1の有機化合物のT1準位との差がT1準位+0.6eV未満であり、
前記第1の有機化合物は、式(G1)で表される構造を有する化合物である発光素子。
(式(G1)中、α1は、置換または無置換のフェニレン基を表し、nは1または2であり、A1またはA2のいずれか一方は、式(G1−1)に示す置換基であり、他方は水素、炭素数1〜6のアルキル基、炭素数3〜6のシクロアルキル基、アルキルフェニル基、フェニル基のいずれか一である。式(G1−1)中、α2は置換または無置換のフェニレン基を表し、mは1または2であり、α2は式(G1)中のアントラセン骨格の5位または8位に結合している。) - 請求項1において、
前記第1の有機化合物のTn準位のいずれか一と、
前記第1の有機化合物のS1準位またはSn準位のいずれか一とのエネルギー差が1eV以下である発光素子。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
前記第1の有機化合物のT1準位から、前記第1の有機化合物のTn準位のうち一以上への励起の際の振動子強度が0.0015以上である発光素子。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一において、
前記発光素子からの発光は、遅延蛍光を示し、
前記遅延蛍光成分の発光強度は、前記発光素子からの全発光の発光強度に対して5%以上である発光素子。 - 請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一において、
前記発光層は、前記第1の有機化合物と、第2の有機化合物と、を有し、
前記第1の有機化合物は、前記第2の有機化合物よりも高いS1準位を有し、
前記発光素子からの発光は、前記第2の有機化合物に由来する発光素子。 - 請求項6において、
前記第2の有機化合物は、ピレン骨格を有する発光素子。 - 請求項6または請求項7において、
前記第2の有機化合物のT1準位は、前記第1の有機化合物のT1準位よりも高い発光素子。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記EL層は、正孔輸送層を有し、
前記正孔輸送層は、前記陽極と前記発光層との間に、前記発光層と接して設けられ、
前記正孔輸送層は、第3の有機化合物を有し、
前記第3の有機化合物のT1準位は、前記第1の有機化合物のT1準位よりも高い発光素子。 - 請求項1乃至請求項9のいずれか一において、
前記EL層は、電子輸送層を有し、
前記電子輸送層は、前記陰極と前記発光層との間に、前記発光層と接して設けられ、
前記電子輸送層は、第4の有機化合物を有し、
前記第4の有機化合物のT1準位は、前記第1の有機化合物のT1準位よりも高い発光素子。 - 請求項1乃至請求項10のいずれか一に記載の発光素子と、
トランジスタ、または基板のいずれか一と、を有する発光装置。 - 請求項11に記載の発光装置と、
マイク、カメラ、操作用ボタン、外部接続部、または、スピーカのいずれか一と、を有する電子機器。 - 請求項11に記載の発光装置と、
筐体またはタッチセンサ機能と、を有する電子機器。 - 請求項11に記載の発光装置と、
筐体、カバー、または、支持台のいずれか一と、を有する照明装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2021097253A (ja) * | 2015-07-24 | 2021-06-24 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 発光素子、発光装置、電子機器および照明装置 |
JP7029012B2 (ja) | 2015-07-24 | 2022-03-02 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 発光素子、発光装置、電子機器および照明装置 |
JP2018021022A (ja) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-02-08 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 有機化合物、発光素子、発光装置、電子機器、および照明装置 |
JP7032069B2 (ja) | 2016-07-20 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 有機化合物 |
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US10700288B2 (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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