JP2015515365A - 担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法およびこれによって製造された担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子 - Google Patents
担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法およびこれによって製造された担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015515365A JP2015515365A JP2015500372A JP2015500372A JP2015515365A JP 2015515365 A JP2015515365 A JP 2015515365A JP 2015500372 A JP2015500372 A JP 2015500372A JP 2015500372 A JP2015500372 A JP 2015500372A JP 2015515365 A JP2015515365 A JP 2015515365A
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- core
- shell particles
- metal
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 lanthanoid metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910010082 LiAlH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010420 shell particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003771 Gold(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021126 PdPt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150003085 Pdcl gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Abstract
Description
[化学式1]
XAmBn
Xは、周期律表上の3〜15族に属する金属、半金属(metalloid)、ランタノイド金属およびアクチノイド金属からなる群から選択されるものであってもよく、具体的には、白金(Pt)、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、モリブデン(Mo)、オスミウム(Os)、イリジウム(Ir)、レニウム(Re)、パラジウム(Pd)、バナジウム(V)、タングステン(W)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、セレニウム(Se)、ニッケル(Ni)、ビスマス(Bi)、スズ(Sn)、クロム(Cr)、チタニウム(Ti)、金(Au)、セリウム(Ce)、銀(Ag)および銅(Cu)からなる群から選択されるものであってもよい。より具体的には、白金(Pt)、金(Au)、銀(Ag)およびパラジウム(Pd)からなる群から選択されるものであってもよい。前記Xは第1金属と互いに異なってもよい。
本発明の一実現例において、前記還元剤は、標準還元−0.23V以下、具体的には−4V以上−0.23V以下の強い還元剤であり、且つ、溶解した金属イオンを還元させて金属粒子として析出させる還元力を有するものであれば特に限定されない。
このような還元剤は、例えば、NaBH4、NH2NH2、LiAlH4およびLiBEt3Hからなる群から選択される少なくともいずれか1つであってもよい。
第1金属塩として5nm〜10nm大きさのNi粒子が担持されたカーボンブラック(Vulcan XC 72)60mgを溶媒である水(蒸留水)10mlに添加し、分散させて溶液を形成した。次に、1M NaOH 0.3mlを滴加して溶液のpHを11に調節し、蒸留水に溶解されたPt前駆体であるPt(NH3)4(NO3)2 50mgを溶液に添加し、常温で30分間攪拌した。この時、測定されたニッケル(Ni)と白金(Pt)のモル比は3:1であった。溶液を攪拌しながら、還元剤としてNaBH4 60mgを添加し、常温で1時間反応させて、ニッケル(Ni)を含むコアと白金(Pt)を含むシェルとからなるコア−シェル粒子を形成した。次に、10,000rpmで10分間遠心分離した後、上層の上清液を捨て、残った沈殿物を水20mlに再分散した後、遠心分離過程を2回さらに繰り返し行って分離および洗浄した。
第2金属塩としてPd(NH3)4(NO3)2を用いたことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法を利用し、ニッケル(Ni)を含むコアとパラジウム(Pd)を含むシェルとからなるコア−シェル粒子を形成した。実施例2によって形成されたコア−シェル粒子の平均粒径は12nmであり、平均粒径に対する粒径の差は±8.7%以内と計算された。
第1金属塩として5nm〜20nm大きさのNi粒子が担持されたカーボンブラック(Vulcan XC 72)60mgを溶媒である水(蒸留水)10mlに添加し、分散させて溶液を形成した。次に、1M HCl 0.3mlを滴加して溶液のpHを3に調節し、蒸留水に溶解されたPt前駆体であるPt(NH3)4(NO3)2 50mgを溶液に添加し、常温で30分間攪拌した。この時、測定されたNiとPtのモル比は3:1であった。攪拌しながら、還元剤としてNaBH4 60mgを添加し、常温で1時間反応させた。次に、10,000rpmで10分間遠心分離した後、上層の上清液を捨て、残った沈殿物を水20mlに再分散した後、遠心分離過程を2回さらに繰り返し行った。
前記結果物に対して透過電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いた構造分析イメージを図5に示す。粒子形態を観察し難いということを確認することができる。図6は、図5のイメージにおいて、スペクトル1(Spectrum 1)と表示した地点の元素分析の結果を元素分析器(Hitachi、S−4800)で測定して示すものである。
Pt前駆体としてPt(NH3)4(NO3)2の代わりにK2PtCl4を用いたことを除いては、比較例1と同様の方法を利用した。
前記結果物に対して透過電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いた構造分析イメージを図7に示す。この時、コア−シェル粒子でなくPt粒子だけが観察されることが分かる。図8は、図7のイメージにおいて、スペクトル2(Spectrum 2)と表示した地点の元素分析の結果を元素分析器(Hitachi、S−4800)で測定して示すものである。
NiとPtのモル比が12:1になるように調節したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法を利用した。その結果、NiコアをPtシェルが完全に囲まないか、またはシェルを形成しないということを確認することができた。
本発明によって製造したコア−シェル粒子を燃料電池空気極用の電極触媒に適用した。燃料電池触媒の評価はハーフセル(Half Cell)システムにおいて行われた。電極は3−電極(3−electrode)システム、すなわち、基準電極(reference electrode)、対電極(counter electrode)および作用電極(working electrode)を使い、基準電極はAg/AgClであり、電解質は0.5M硫酸溶液または0.1M過塩素酸溶液を用いた。
Claims (26)
- 担体に担持された第1金属を溶媒に添加して溶液を形成するステップ;
前記溶液のpHを7〜14に調節し、第2金属の金属塩を添加するステップ;および
前記溶液に還元剤を添加し、第1金属を含むコア粒子の表面に第2金属を含むシェル(shell)を形成して、コア−シェル(core−shell)粒子を形成するステップを含む、担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。 - 前記第2金属の金属塩は、陽イオン複合体にイオン化されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記第2金属の金属塩は、下記の化学式1で表されることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法:
[化学式1]
XAmBn
前記化学式1において、
Xは周期律表上の3〜15族に属する金属、半金属(metalloid)、ランタノイド金属およびアクチノイド金属からなる群から選択されるものであり、
Aは(NH3)、(CH3NH2)または(H2O)であり、
Bは1価陰イオンであり、
mは2、4または6であり、nは1〜7の整数である。 - 前記Xは前記第1金属と互いに異なり、
白金(Pt)、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、モリブデン(Mo)、オスミウム(Os)、イリジウム(Ir)、レニウム(Re)、パラジウム(Pd)、バナジウム(V)、タングステン(W)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、セレニウム(Se)、ニッケル(Ni)、ビスマス(Bi)、スズ(Sn)、クロム(Cr)、チタニウム(Ti)、金(Au)、セリウム(Ce)、銀(Ag)および銅(Cu)からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。 - 前記Xは前記第1金属と互いに異なり、
白金(Pt)、金(Au)、銀(Ag)およびパラジウム(Pd)からなる群から選択されるいずれか1つであることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。 - 前記Bは、NO3 −、NO2 −、OH−、F−、Cl−、Br−およびI−からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記担体は、炭素系物質または無機物微粒子であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記炭素系物質は、カーボンブラック、炭素ナノチューブ(CNT)、グラファイト(Graphite)、グラフェン(Graphene)、活性炭、メソポーラスカーボン(Mesoporous Carbon)、カーボンファイバー(Carbon fiber)およびカーボンナノワイヤー(Carbon nano wire)からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記無機物微粒子は、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニアおよびジルコニアからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、水を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記製造方法は、常温で行われることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記製造方法は、界面活性剤を用いないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記第1金属は、周期律表上の3〜15族に属する金属、半金属(metalloid)、ランタノイド金属およびアクチノイド金属からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記第1金属は第2金属と互いに異なり、
白金(Pt)、ルテニウム(Ru)、ロジウム(Rh)、モリブデン(Mo)、オスミウム(Os)、イリジウム(Ir)、レニウム(Re)、パラジウム(Pd)、バナジウム(V)、タングステン(W)、コバルト(Co)、鉄(Fe)、セレニウム(Se)、ニッケル(Ni)、ビスマス(Bi)、スズ(Sn)、クロム(Cr)、チタニウム(Ti)、金(Au)、セリウム(Ce)、銀(Ag)および銅(Cu)からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。 - 前記溶液に第2金属の金属塩を添加するステップにおいて、
溶液中において前記第1金属と前記第2金属のモル比が1:1〜10:1になるように前記第2金属の金属塩を添加することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。 - 前記溶液のpHは、塩基溶液を添加して調節することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記塩基溶液は、水酸化ナトリウム(NaOH)、水酸化バリウム(Ba(OH)2)、水酸化カリウム(KOH)、水酸化カルシウム(Ca(OH)2)および水酸化リチウム(LiOH)からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記還元剤の標準還元電位は、−0.23V以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記還元剤は、NaBH4、NH2NH2、LiAlH4およびLiBEt3Hからなる群から選択される1つまたは2つ以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記コア−シェル粒子の粒径は、前記コア−シェル粒子の平均粒径の80%〜120%の範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記コア−シェル粒子の平均粒径は、2nm〜300nmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 前記コアの粒径は1nm〜200nmであり、シェルの厚さは0.5nm〜50nmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜22のうちいずれか1項に記載の製造方法によって製造された担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子であって、
第1金属を含むコアおよび第2金属を含むシェルを含む、担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子。 - 前記コア−シェル粒子の平均粒径は、2nm〜300nmであることを特徴とする、請求項23に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子。
- 請求項23に記載の担体に担持されたコア−シェル粒子を含む燃料電池用触媒。
- 請求項25に記載の燃料電池用触媒を含む燃料電池。
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US9735432B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
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KR20130126472A (ko) | 2013-11-20 |
JP5957789B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
WO2013168912A1 (ko) | 2013-11-14 |
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