JP2015214692A - 移行性が低い紫外線保護性pvbシート - Google Patents
移行性が低い紫外線保護性pvbシート Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015214692A JP2015214692A JP2015094615A JP2015094615A JP2015214692A JP 2015214692 A JP2015214692 A JP 2015214692A JP 2015094615 A JP2015094615 A JP 2015094615A JP 2015094615 A JP2015094615 A JP 2015094615A JP 2015214692 A JP2015214692 A JP 2015214692A
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- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCPKSFINULVDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N drometrizole Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 MCPKSFINULVDNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006113 non-polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-amino-hydroxylamine Chemical compound NON SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
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- C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
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Abstract
Description
合わせガラス用の市販の可塑剤含有ポリビニルブチラールシート(PVBシート)は、何十年来、紫外線吸収剤を備えており、これによって紫外線は可視光とは異なり、合わせガラスを完全に通過することはできない。このようにして単純なやり方で、有害な紫外線から、合わせガラスの背後にある人物、又は物体を保護することができる。これはただの板ガラスと比べると、損傷に対する保護に加えて、重要な特性的利点となる。ただの板ガラスは、紫外線に対してかなり透過性だからである。
よって本発明の対象は、少なくとも1種のポリビニルセタール、少なくとも1種の可塑剤、及び少なくとも1種の紫外線吸収剤0.01〜1.5質量%を含有するシートであって、前記紫外線吸収剤は、下記式(1a)、(1b)、(2)、又は(3)の化合物:
上記式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14は、H、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、アルコキシアルキル基、又はアシルオキシアルキル基であり、これらの基は炭素原子数が1〜20であり、それぞれ非置換であるか、又はアルデヒド基、ケト基、若しくはエポキシ基によって置換されており、基R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14のうち少なくとも1つは、対イオンとしてアルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、若しくはアンモニウムイオンを有する、カルボキシ基、スルホキシ基、又はホスフェート基である。
上記式中、Rは多官能性アルコールの炭化水素基、グリコール単位を1〜10個有するオリゴグリコール、炭素原子数が1〜20である炭化水素基、炭素原子数が1〜30であるN、P、Sで置換された炭化水素基、又はアルコール基中に炭素原子を1〜30個有するカルボン酸エステル基である。
式:100×O/(C+H)
により表される極性が9.4以下の可塑剤であり、上記式中、O、C、及びHは、それぞれの分子における酸素原子、炭素原子、及び水素原子の数を表す。下記の表は、本発明により使用可能な可塑剤と、上記式:100×O/(C+H)によるその極性の値を示す。
名称(略称) 100×O/(C+H)による値
・ジ−2−エチルヘキシルセバケート(DOS) 5.3
・ジ−イソ−ノニルアジペート(DINA) 5.3
・1,2−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸ジイソノニルエステル(DINCH) 5.4
・ジ−2−エチルヘキシルアジペート(DOA) 6.3
・ジヘキシルアジペート(DHA) 7.7
・ジブチルセバケート(DBS) 7.7
・トリエチレンルグリコール−ビス−2−プロピルヘキサノエート 8.6
・トリエチレングリコール−ビス−i−ノナノエート 8.6
・ジ−2−ブトキシエチレンセバケート(DBES) 9.4
・トリエチレングリコール−ビス−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3G8) 9.4
2.1mmのPlanilux(登録商標)二枚の間に積層された厚さ0.76mmのシートの光学特性(透光性:TL、紫外線透過性:TUV、それぞれ%で表記)は、DIN EN 410 (2011)に従って、UV/VIS分光計のPerkin-Elmer Lambda 950により測定する。
試験する紫外線吸収剤を含有するシート内にあるものと同じ可塑剤を有する、厚さ0.76mmのPVBシートを用意する。このシートは移行先のシンクとして用い、当初は紫外線吸収剤不含である。それからこのシートと、試験すべき紫外線吸収剤を有するシートを、以下のようにサンドイッチ状に組み合わせる(図1参照):
・支持要素として2mmのガラス層
・支持要素として厚さ100〜200μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)シート
・紫外線吸収剤不含のシート
・約50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)薄層シート(例えばSouthwall XIR 75):半分程度
・紫外線吸収剤を有するシート
・支持要素として厚さ100〜200μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)シート
・支持要素として2mmのガラス層
下記表に記載した組成の混合物を有するシートを製造し、厚さ2.1mmのPlanilux(登録商標)型の板ガラス2枚の間にある積層体として加工し、試験した。押出成形温度は、全ての場合において200℃であった。比較例2では、紫外線吸収剤を可塑剤に溶解させて、押出成形混合物に添加できた。実施例1において紫外線吸収剤は、可塑剤中に懸濁しているだけであった。
・PVB:ポリビニルブチラール
・3G8:トリエチレングリコール−ビス−2−エチルヘキサノエート
・DBEA:ジ−2−ブトキシエチルアジペート、(場合によっては、3G8との質量混合比)
・TL:EN410による透光性TL(380〜780nm)
・db:黄色度db、ColorQuest XEにより測定
(a)シートに対する質量%の記載
[態様1]
・少なくとも1種のポリビニルアセタール、
・少なくとも1種の可塑剤、及び
・少なくとも1種の紫外線吸収剤0.01〜1.5質量%、
を含有するシートであって、
前記紫外線吸収剤が、下記式(1a)、(1b)、(2)、又は(3)の化合物:
上記式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14は、H、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、アルコキシアルキル基、アシルオキシアルキル基であり、これらの基は炭素原子を1〜20個有し、これらの基はそれぞれ非置換であるか、又はアルデヒド基、ケト基、若しくはエポキシ基によって置換されているが、
ただし、基R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14のうち少なくとも1個は、対イオンとしてアルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、若しくはアンモニウムイオンを有する、カルボキシ基、スルホキシ基、又はホスフェート基である、
前記シート。
[態様2]
前記紫外線吸収剤として、下記式(5)の化合物:
前記式中、
R1はH、又はハロゲン原子であり、
R2はH、又はCH3であり、
Men+はLi+、Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Zn2+、NH4 +である
ことを特徴とする、前記態様1に記載のシート。
[態様3]
前記シートが、部分構造(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネートを有する抗酸化剤、又は下記式(6)の抗酸化剤:
上記式中、
Rは多官能性アルコールの炭化水素基、グリコール単位を1〜10個有するオリゴグリコール、炭素原子を1〜20個有する炭化水素基、N、P、若しくはSで置換された炭素原子数が1〜30の炭化水素基、又はアルコール基中に炭素原子を1〜30個有するカルボン酸エステル基である
ことを特徴とする、前記態様1又は2に記載のシート。
[態様4]
厚さ2mmの透明な板ガラス二枚の間に挟まれた、厚さ0.76mmの前記シートから成る積層体で測定した黄色度(db)が2未満であることを特徴とする、前記態様1から3までのいずれかに記載のシート。
[態様5]
Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn、及びAlの群から選択される1種以上の金属イオンを5ppm超の含分で含有する、前記態様1から4までのいずれかに記載のシート。
[態様6]
光安定剤として、HALS型、又はNOR−HALS型の立体障害性アミンを含有することを特徴とする、前記態様1から5までのいずれかに記載のシート。
[態様7]
前記ポリビニルアセタールのポリビニルアルコール割合が、12〜24質量%であることを特徴とする、前記態様1から6までのいずれかに記載のシート。
[態様8]
合わせガラスを製造するための、前記態様1から7までのいずれかに記載のシートの使用。
[態様9]
・展示用ガラス、若しくはショーウィンドー用ガラスを製造するため、
・乗用車用ガラス、若しくは航空機用ガラスとしての、
・LED画面若しくはOLED画面における光電モジュール、テレビ、コンピューター画面、大画面で、又は
・エレクトロクロミック、フォトクロミック、若しくはフォトエレクトロクロミックのガラス要素における、
前記態様1から7までのいずれかに記載のシートの使用。
[態様10]
ポリビニルアセタール、少なくとも1種の可塑剤、及び前記式1に記載の少なくとも1種の紫外線吸収剤を、固体状で混合装置において混合し、続いて得られた混合物を押出成形することによる、前記態様1から7までのいずれかに記載のPVBシートの製造方法。
[態様11]
前記紫外線吸収剤を液状担体に懸濁させ、前記混合装置に供給する、前記態様10に記載の製造方法。
Claims (11)
- ・少なくとも1種のポリビニルアセタール、
・少なくとも1種の可塑剤、及び
・少なくとも1種の紫外線吸収剤0.01〜1.5質量%、
を含有するシートであって、
前記紫外線吸収剤が、下記式(1a)、(1b)、(2)、又は(3)の化合物:
上記式中、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14は、H、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基、アルコキシアルキル基、アシルオキシアルキル基であり、これらの基は炭素原子を1〜20個有し、これらの基はそれぞれ非置換であるか、又はアルデヒド基、ケト基、若しくはエポキシ基によって置換されているが、
ただし、基R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、及びR14のうち少なくとも1個は、対イオンとしてアルカリ金属イオン、アルカリ土類金属イオン、若しくはアンモニウムイオンを有する、カルボキシ基、スルホキシ基、又はホスフェート基である、
前記シート。 - 前記紫外線吸収剤として、下記式(5)の化合物:
前記式中、
R1はH、又はハロゲン原子であり、
R2はH、又はCH3であり、
Men+はLi+、Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+、Zn2+、NH4 +である
ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のシート。 - 前記シートが、部分構造(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネートを有する抗酸化剤、又は下記式(6)の抗酸化剤:
上記式中、
Rは多官能性アルコールの炭化水素基、グリコール単位を1〜10個有するオリゴグリコール、炭素原子を1〜20個有する炭化水素基、N、P、若しくはSで置換された炭素原子数が1〜30の炭化水素基、又はアルコール基中に炭素原子を1〜30個有するカルボン酸エステル基である
ことを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載のシート。 - 厚さ2mmの透明な板ガラス二枚の間に挟まれた、厚さ0.76mmの前記シートから成る積層体で測定した黄色度(db)が2未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載のシート。
- Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn、及びAlの群から選択される1種以上の金属イオンを5ppm超の含分で含有する、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載のシート。
- 光安定剤として、HALS型、又はNOR−HALS型の立体障害性アミンを含有することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載のシート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタールのポリビニルアルコール割合が、12〜24質量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載のシート。
- 合わせガラスを製造するための、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載のシートの使用。
- ・展示用ガラス、若しくはショーウィンドー用ガラスを製造するため、
・乗用車用ガラス、若しくは航空機用ガラスとしての、
・LED画面若しくはOLED画面における光電モジュール、テレビ、コンピューター画面、大画面で、又は
・エレクトロクロミック、フォトクロミック、若しくはフォトエレクトロクロミックのガラス要素における、
請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載のシートの使用。 - ポリビニルアセタール、少なくとも1種の可塑剤、及び前記式1に記載の少なくとも1種の紫外線吸収剤を、固体状で混合装置において混合し、続いて得られた混合物を押出成形することによる、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載のPVBシートの製造方法。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤を液状担体に懸濁させ、前記混合装置に供給する、請求項10に記載の製造方法。
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