JPWO2018147420A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2018147420A1 JPWO2018147420A1 JP2018510537A JP2018510537A JPWO2018147420A1 JP WO2018147420 A1 JPWO2018147420 A1 JP WO2018147420A1 JP 2018510537 A JP2018510537 A JP 2018510537A JP 2018510537 A JP2018510537 A JP 2018510537A JP WO2018147420 A1 JPWO2018147420 A1 JP WO2018147420A1
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- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- layer
- interlayer film
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- intermediate film
- Prior art date
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- -1 malonic ester compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- JMFYZMAVUHNCPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]propanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C(=O)OC)=CC1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 JMFYZMAVUHNCPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
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- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
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- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl malonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る合わせガラス用中間膜(以下、中間膜と記載することがある)は、1層の構造又は2層以上の構造を有する。本発明に係る中間膜は、1層の構造を有していてもよく、2層以上の構造を有していてもよい。本発明に係る中間膜は、2層の構造を有していてもよく、3層以上の構造を有していてもよい。本発明に係る中間膜は、第1の層のみを備える1層の構造を有する中間膜(単層の中間膜)であってもよく、第1の層と他の層とを備える2層以上の構造を有する中間膜(多層の中間膜)であってもよい。
上記第1の層(単層の中間膜を含む)は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層(単層の中間膜を含む)は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤との併用により、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む層の合わせガラス部材又は他の層に対する接着力が適度に高くなる。上記可塑剤は特に限定されない。上記可塑剤(1)と上記可塑剤(2)と上記可塑剤(3)とは同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記可塑剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、紫外線吸収剤を含む。上記第1の層は、紫外線吸収剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、紫外線吸収剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、紫外線吸収剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線吸収剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線吸収剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜、上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜の一端と他端との距離は、好ましくは0.5m以上、より好ましくは0.8m以上、特に好ましくは1m以上であり、好ましくは3m以下、より好ましくは2m以下、特に好ましくは1.5m以下である。中間膜が長さ方向と幅方向とを有する場合には、一端と他端との距離は、中間膜の長さ方向の距離である。中間膜が正方形の平面形状を有する場合には、一端と他端との距離は、対向し合う一端と他端との距離である。
上記プレス中間膜は、上記中間膜をプレス前の厚みの3%の厚みまでプレス成型機にてプレス加工することより得られる。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を模式的に示す部分切欠断面図である。
Hostavin PR−25((p−メトキシベンジリデン)マロン酸ジメチル、クラリアント社製「Hostavin PR−25」)
UV−1164(2−[4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル]−5−(オクチロキシ)フェノール、CYTEC社製「UV−1164」)
Tinuvin405(2−[4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル]−5−3−(2−エチルヘキシル)オキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシフェノール、BASF社製「Tinuvin405」)
Tinuvin326(2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)
IRGANOX 1076(フェノール骨格を有する酸化防止剤、BASF社製)
IRGANOX 259(フェノール骨格を有する酸化防止剤、BASF社製)
中間膜を形成するための組成物Xの作製:
以下の成分を混合し、中間膜を形成するための組成物Xを得た。
可塑剤であるトリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)40重量部
得られる中間膜中で下記の表1に示す量のUV−1164(CYTEC社製)
得られる中間膜中で下記の表1に示す量のBHT
中間膜を形成するための組成物Xを、押出機を用いて押出することにより、単層の中間膜(厚み800μm)を作製した。
得られた中間膜を、縦8cm×横8cmに切り出した。次に、2枚のクリアガラス(縦8cm×横8cm×厚み2.5mm)の間に中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。
中間膜に含まれる成分(紫外線吸収剤及び酸化防止剤)の種類及び成分(紫外線吸収剤及び酸化防止剤)の含有量を下記の表1,2に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを作製した。
(1)プレス中間膜の分光透過率
縦8cm×横8cmに切り出した厚み800μmの上記中間膜をプレス前の厚みの3%の厚みまでプレス成型機でプレス加工して、プレス中間膜を得た。次に、2枚のクリアガラス(縦8cm×横8cm×厚み2.5mm)の間に上記プレス中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。分光光度計(日立製作所社製「U4100」)を用いて、JIS R3106(1998)に準拠して、プレス中間膜(合わせガラス)について、波長380nm、波長350nm、及び波長320nmでの分光透過率を評価した。
紫外線照射装置(スガ試験機社製「HLG−2S」)を用いて、JIS R3205に準拠して、紫外線(石英ガラス水銀灯(750W))を、合わせガラスに2000時間照射した。試験後に、合わせガラスの端部を観察し、合わせガラスの端部における空隙の状態を評価した。空隙の状態を下記の基準で判定した。
○:合わせガラスの端部において、空隙がないか、又は、端部から該端部を有する端辺に直交する方向に内側に向かって1mm以下の距離までに空隙が留まっている
×:合わせガラスの端部において、端部から該端部を有する端辺に直交する方向に内側に向かって1mmを超える距離までに空隙が至っている
1a…第1の表面
1b…第2の表面
2…第1の層
2a…第1の表面
2b…第2の表面
3…第2の層
3a…外側の表面
4…第3の層
4a…外側の表面
11…合わせガラス
21…第1の合わせガラス部材
22…第2の合わせガラス部材
31…中間膜
31a…第1の表面
31b…第2の表面
41…合わせガラス
Claims (15)
- 1層の構造又は2層以上の構造を有する合わせガラス用中間膜であって、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と、可塑剤と、酸化防止剤と、紫外線吸収剤とを含み、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜をプレス前の厚みの3%の厚みまでプレス加工してプレス中間膜を得たときに、得られるプレス中間膜の分光透過率が、波長380nmで60%以上、波長350nmで40%以下、波長320nmで38%以下である、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記合わせガラス用中間膜が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤と酸化防止剤とを含む第1の層のみを備えるか、又は、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤と酸化防止剤とを含む第1の層と、前記第1の層の第1の表面側に配置されており、かつポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤と酸化防止剤とを含む第2の層とを備え、前記第1の層の前記第1の表面側とは反対の第2の表面側に配置されており、かつ前記合わせガラス用中間膜が、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤と酸化防止剤とを含む第3の層を備えるか又は備えておらず、前記第1の層、前記第2の層及び前記第3の層の内の少なくとも1つの層が、紫外線吸収剤を含む、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記紫外線吸収剤が、マロン酸エステル化合物又はトリアジン化合物を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、前記マロン酸エステル化合物を含む、請求項3に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記マロン酸エステル化合物が、(p−メトキシベンジリデン)マロン酸ジメチルである、請求項3又は4に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、前記トリアジン化合物を含む、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記トリアジン化合物が、2−[4,6−ビス(2,4−ジメチルフェニル)−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル]−5−(オクチロキシ)フェノールである、請求項3〜6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、前記マロン酸エステル化合物を含み、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜中、前記マロン酸エステル化合物の含有量が0.14重量%以上、0.6重量%以下である、請求項3〜7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記紫外線吸収剤が、前記トリアジン化合物を含み、
前記合わせガラス用中間膜中、前記トリアジン化合物の含有量が0.045重量%以上、1重量%以下である、請求項3〜8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記合わせガラス用中間膜中、前記トリアジン化合物の含有量が0.045重量%以上、0.2重量%以下である、請求項9に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記合わせガラス用中間膜中、前記トリアジン化合物の含有量が0.08重量%以上、1重量%以下である、請求項9に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、ベンゾトリアゾール化合物を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記ベンゾトリアゾール化合物が、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−3−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾールである、請求項12に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記合わせガラス用中間膜中、前記ベンゾトリアゾール化合物の含有量が0重量%を超え、0.33重量%以下である、請求項12又は13に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜とを備え、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に、前記合わせガラス用中間膜が配置されている、合わせガラス。
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