JP2014533931A - 病原体を防除するためのアミノ酸配列 - Google Patents
病原体を防除するためのアミノ酸配列 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ティラピアの鰓抽出物からの抗菌性ペプチドの単離及び精製
ティラピア(ナイルティラピア)の鰓弁を液体窒素に浸けて細断し、生成粉末を100℃で10分間加熱し、冷却させた。HCl 2M、ギ酸10%(v/v)、NaCl 2%(w/v)及びトリクロロ酢酸1%(v/v)の溶液を150mL加えてタンパク質を抽出し、続いて1〜2分間ホモジナイズした。このホモジネートを20000×gで30分間遠心分離し、上清をpH4.0に調整し、濾過した。得られた濾液を酸抽出物として使用し、Sep−Pak C18カラム(Waters、Milford、MA、USA)にアプライした。トリフルオロ酢酸0.1%(v/v)で洗浄後、ペプチドに相当する画分を80%アセトニトリル/0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸で溶出した。溶出液を乾燥させ、酢酸1M中に溶解し、SP−Sephadex C−25のマトリックスに吸着させた。酢酸1M、ピリジン2M及びピリジン2M/酢酸(pH5.0)を用いた連続的な溶出ステップによって、5つの画分を得た。各画分に対して抗菌活性を実行し、次の精製ステップ用に画分2を選択した。
大腸菌において細胞内で及び酵母P.パストリスにおいて細胞外で抗菌性ペプチドを発現するためのベクターの構築
抗菌性ペプチドの精製及び生物活性アッセイ
組換えで得た抗菌性ペプチドを、大腸菌を破壊した上清又はP.パストリスの培養上清から精製した。最初に、孔径が1kDaの膜を使用して、酢酸ナトリウム25mM(pH4.5)中で透析を行った。透析産物を、酢酸ナトリウム25mM(pH4.5)で平衡化した陽イオン交換CM−Sepharose Fast Flowの樹脂にアプライし、塩化ナトリウム1M、Tris 50mM(pH7.6)でタンパク質を溶出した。ペプチドを含む画分を回収し、孔径が1kDaの膜を用いる限外濾過システムを使用して濃縮した。検出用に、254nmの波長を用いた。精製をトリシン−SDS−PAGEによって確認し、タンパク質をクマシーブルー染色で可視化した(図2)。
抗菌性ペプチドで前もって処理したティラピアにおけるエロモナス・ヒドロフィラ感染に対する抵抗性の測定
腹腔内注入によるペプチド投与
次に、in vivoでの耐病性の増強に対する抗菌性ペプチドの有用性を評価した。第一の試験では、体重が10gのティラピア(ナイルティラピア)を130匹使用し、これらを、群当たり10匹の動物の13実験群に無作為に割り振った。このアッセイは、A.ヒドロフィラの攻撃に対する魚の生存率を高めるのに必要な最小処理時間を決定するために行った。各ペプチドを、魚1匹当たり1μgの濃度で腹腔内注入によって、2、4、8及び15日間投与した。PBSを投与したさらなる群を対照として置いた。実験群は以下のようにした。
群1:PBS
群2:2日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンI
群3:4日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンI
群4:8日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンI
群5:15日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンI
群6:2日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンII
群7:4日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンII
群8:8日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンII
群9:15日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンII
群10:2日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンIII
群11:4日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンIII
群12:8日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンIII
群13:15日間連続投与のオレオクロマイシンIII
RPS(%)=(対照の死亡率(%)−処置群の死亡率(%))/(対照の死亡率(%))x100
群1:PBS
群2:オレオクロマイシンI 0.5μg/魚
群3:オレオクロマイシンI 1μg/魚
群4:オレオクロマイシンI 5μg/魚
群5:オレオクロマイシンI 10μg/魚
群6:オレオクロマイシンII 0.5μg/魚
群7:オレオクロマイシンII 1μg/魚
群8:オレオクロマイシンII 5μg/魚
群9:オレオクロマイシンII 10μg/魚
群10:オレオクロマイシンIII 0.5μg/魚
群11:オレオクロマイシンIII 1μg/魚
群12:オレオクロマイシンIII 5μg/魚
群13:オレオクロマイシンIII 10μg/魚
A.ヒドロフィラ攻撃後の魚の生存率に対する薬浴投与による各ペプチドの効果を判定するために、試験を行った。孵化してから5日後の1300匹のティラピア(ナイルティラピア)幼生を使用し、これらを、各100匹の幼生の13実験群に無作為に割り振った。各ペプチドを、水1リットル当たり0.01、0.05、0.1及び0.5mgのペプチド濃度で15日間投与した。実験群は以下のようにした。
群1:PBS
群2:オレオクロマイシンI 0.01mg/L
群3:オレオクロマイシンI 0.05mg/L
群4:オレオクロマイシンI 0.1mg/L
群5:オレオクロマイシンI 0.5mg/L
群6:オレオクロマイシンII 0.01mg/L
群7:オレオクロマイシンII 0.05mg/L
群8:オレオクロマイシンII 0.1mg/L
群9:オレオクロマイシンII 0.5mg/L
群10:オレオクロマイシンIII 0.01mg/L
群11:オレオクロマイシンIII 0.05mg/L
群12:オレオクロマイシンIII 0.1mg/L
群13:オレオクロマイシンIII 0.5mg/L
A.ヒドロフィラ攻撃後の魚の生存率に対する、飼料添加物として経口的に投与する各ペプチドの効果を判定するために、試験を行った。体重が約10gの130匹のティラピア(ナイルティラピア)を使用し、これらを、各10匹の動物の13実験群に無作為に割り振った。各ペプチドを、50、250、500及び750μg/kg飼料の濃度で30日間投与した。実験群は以下のようにした。
群1:PBS
群2:オレオクロマイシンI 50μg/Kg
群3:オレオクロマイシンI 250μg/Kg
群4:オレオクロマイシンI 500μg/Kg
群5:オレオクロマイシンI 750μg/Kg
群6:オレオクロマイシナ II 50μg/Kg
群7:オレオクロマイシナ II 250μg/Kg
群8:オレオクロマイシナ II 500μg/Kg
群9:オレオクロマイシナ II 750μg/Kg
群10:オレオクロマイシナ III 50μg/Kg
群11:オレオクロマイシナ III 250μg/Kg
群12:オレオクロマイシナ III 500μg/Kg
群13:オレオクロマイシナ III 750μg/Kg
マウスにおける黄色ブドウ球菌又は緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)による感染に対する抵抗性の判定
抗菌性ペプチドのオレオクロマイシンI及びオレオクロマイシンIIが、細菌の黄色ブドウ球菌及び緑膿菌の致死量の感染からマウスを保護することができるか検討した。このアッセイでは、体重が25gの4週齢の雄マウス(ICR)を使用した。細菌は、トリプトンソイブロス中で、37℃で8時間増殖させた。
イリドウイルス感染に対する抗菌性ペプチドの活性
EPC細胞(コイ丘疹性上皮腫)を、10%ウシ胎仔血清、1mMピルビン酸、2mMグルタミン、100U/mlペニシリン及び100μg/mlストレプトマイシンを含むRPMI−1640中で、28℃、5%CO2及び95%相対湿度でインキュベートした。それぞれの5’及び3’末端配列を認識する特異的プライマーを用いて、本発明の抗菌性ペプチドをPCRによって増幅し、pTargeTベクターに挿入して、pTargeT−オレオクロマイシンIプラスミド、pTargeT−オレオクロマイシンIIプラスミド及びpTargeT−オレオクロマイシナIIIプラスミドを作出した。
抗菌性ペプチドによるLPSの中和
抗菌活性及び耐病性増大の可能性に加えて、本発明の抗菌性ペプチドがLPSを中和することができるかを、カブトガニ血球抽出成分(LAL)試験によって検討した。このアッセイは、中和されていない遊離LPSの存在を検出する。種々の濃度のペプチドを、0.5EU/mlのLPSと共に37℃で30分間インキュベートした。LPS単独をアッセイの陽性対照として使用した。続いて、100μLの混合液を等量のLAL試薬に加えた。混濁度の動態を、Tube Reader ATi−321機器(Lab Kinetics、UK)を使用して測定した。図4に示すように、本発明の抗菌性ペプチドは、用量依存的にLPS中和能力を有する。オレオクロマイシンIペプチド、オレオクロマイシンIIペプチド及びオレオクロマイシンIIIペプチドのEC50は、それぞれ1.23μM、1.41μM及び2.99μMであった。
分子アジュバントとしての抗菌性ペプチドのオレオクロマイシンI、オレオクロマイシンII及びオレオクロマイシンIIIの使用
5つの実験群を、各12匹のティラピア(ナイルティラピア)から形成した。各50gの体重のティラピアに、PBS、ホルマリンで失活させたA.ヒドロフィラの細胞、及び1μg/魚の用量で各ペプチドを加えた、ホルマリンで失活させたA.ヒドロフィラの細胞を腹腔内注入した。注入は、0及び14日目に行った。0及び21日目に魚の尾静脈から血液を採取し、使用するまで−20℃で血清を保管した。
マウスにおける、卵白アルブミン(OVA)と抗菌性ペプチドのオレオクロマイシンI、オレオクロマイシンII及びオレオクロマイシンIIIの同時免疫化の体液性及び細胞性免疫応答に対する効果
A)第一免疫化計画
体重が20gの24匹のBALB/cマウスを選択し、これらを各6匹の動物の4試験群に分けた。陰性対照群(PBS/OVA)は、0.2mLのPBSに入れた6μg用量のOVAを0及び7日目に腹腔内に接種した。ペプチド(PBS/OVA+ペプチド)処理群は、0.2mLのPBSに入れた6μg用量のOVA+0.5μgのペプチドを0及び7日目に腹腔内に接種した。免疫化プロトコールの15日目に、血液を動物のために採取し、全IgG力価を評価した。
6週齢の64匹のBALB/c雄マウスを選択して、これらを各8匹のマウスの8実験群に分けた。免疫原は、0.1mLの容量で腹腔内注入によって投与した。抗菌性ペプチドは、等モル量(0.238x1020分子及び2.38x1020分子)で投与した。実験群は以下のようにした。
群1:PBSで免疫化したマウス
群2:5μg/動物の用量のOVAで免疫化したマウス
群3:OVA5μg/動物+0.1μg/動物(0.238x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIで免疫化したマウス
群4:OVA5μg/動物+1μg/動物(2.38x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIで免疫化したマウス
群5:OVA5μg/動物+0.12μg/動物(0.238x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIIで免疫化したマウス
群6:OVA5μg/動物+1.2μg/動物(2.38x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIIで免疫化したマウス
群7:OVA5μg/動物+0.14μg/動物(0.238x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIIIで免疫化したマウス
群8:OVA5μg/動物+1.4μg/動物(2.38x1020分子/動物に相当)の用量のオレオクロマイシンIIIで免疫化したマウス
ティラピアにおける、MY32抗原とオレオクロマイシンIペプチドの同時免疫化の液性免疫応答に対する効果
群1:PBSで免疫化した魚
群2:1μg/g体重の用量のMY32タンパク質で免疫化した魚
群3:10μg/魚の用量のオレオクロマイシンIペプチドと共に同時投与した1μg/g体重の用量のMY32タンパク質で免疫化した魚
群4:1μg/魚の用量のオレオクロマイシンIペプチドと共に同時投与した1μg/g体重の用量のMY32タンパク質で免疫化した魚(Montanide 888中で全て免疫増強した)
群5:10μg/魚の用量のオレオクロマイシンIペプチドと共に同時投与した1μg/g体重の用量のMY32タンパク質で免疫化した魚(Montanide 888中で全て免疫増強した)
群6:Montanide 888中で免疫賦活化した、1μg/g体重の用量のMY32タンパク質で免疫化した魚
Claims (17)
- 配列番号1、配列番号2及び配列番号3から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列又は前記配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含むことを特徴とする、アミノ酸配列。
- その天然源からの単離、化学合成又は組換えDNA技術によって得られる、請求項1に記載のアミノ酸配列。
- 細菌、酵母又は高等生物の細胞での発現によって得られる、請求項2に記載のアミノ酸配列。
- 配列番号4、配列番号5及び配列番号6から成る群から選択される核酸配列を含むことを特徴とする、核酸。
- 配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3として識別される配列を含むアミノ酸配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列をコードする、核酸。
- 配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3として識別される配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドを含むことを特徴とする、病原体防除のための組成物。
- 前記ペプチドが、その天然源からの単離、化学合成又は組換えDNA技術によって得られる、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 哺乳動物及び水生生物に影響を及ぼす細菌性、ウイルス性及び真菌性病原体を防除するために使用され、予防的に又は治療的に投与される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 経口経路、非経口経路又は薬浴によって投与される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 病原体防除のための組成物を製造するための、配列番号1、配列番号2及び配列番号3から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドの使用。
- 生物において病原体を防除するための方法であって、配列番号1、配列番号2及び配列番号3から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含む有効量のペプチドを前記生物へ投与することを特徴とする、上記方法。
- 前記ペプチドが予防的に又は治療的に投与される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが哺乳動物及び水生生物に投与される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチドが、好ましくは、0.1から10μgの間のペプチド/魚の濃度で定期的な注入によって、0.01から0.1mgの間のペプチド/水1リットルの濃度で薬浴によって、又は約50〜750μgのペプチド/kg飼料の濃度で飼料添加物として魚に投与される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 配列番号1、配列番号2及び配列番号3から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含む分子アジュバントとしてのペプチドとワクチン抗原とを含む、ワクチン組成物。
- ワクチンアジュバントとして使用されるペプチド及び抗原が、同一の免疫化計画間に、同時に、別々に又は連続して投与される、請求項15に記載のワクチン組成物。
- 配列番号1、配列番号2及び配列番号3から成る群から選択されるアミノ酸配列又は配列番号1、配列番号2若しくは配列番号3と少なくとも80%の同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドを、ワクチン中の分子アジュバントとして用いることを特徴とする、ワクチン抗原に対する免疫応答を増強するための方法。
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