JP2014526517A - 血液脳関門を通過することができるナノ抱合体 - Google Patents
血液脳関門を通過することができるナノ抱合体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本出願は、2011年9月14日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/534,853号の、米国特許法第119条(e)項に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、その開示は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
政府権益に関する記述
悪性神経膠腫(MG)は、最も蔓延している致死性の中枢神経系原発性癌である。最も高いグレードのMGであるグレードIV多形膠芽細胞腫(GBM)と診断された患者は、外科的切除および積極的な治療計画にもかかわらず、診断後9〜12カ月しか生存することができない。統合的化学療法(テモゾラミド(temozolamide)(TMZ))を用いた放射線を使用する集学的アプローチは、患者の最大14.6カ月の生存という微々たる増加しかもたらしていない。さらに、再発は極めて一般的であり、そのような進行に対する救済療法は効果がない。GBMは、特に、高い抗治療性癌幹細胞集団(脳腫瘍幹細胞、BTSC)のためおよび分類される遺伝子異常が疾患の表現型特徴をどのように決定付けるかの不完全な理解のために、依然として非常に不可解な難病である。それは、病勢盛んな腫瘍内の神経新生にもかかわらず、懸命な治療(アポトーシス)に対しても強い耐性がある。他の悪性腫瘍に有効であることが証明されている標的化受容体チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤を用いた高いグレードの神経膠腫の治療における継続的な失敗は、神経膠腫薬物開発のすべての側面の再評価を促し、疾患に対抗するための革新的な技術プラットフォームを開発し、かつ細胞培養に基づく生体内モデルシステムを改良する包括的な必要性を強調した。
血液脳関門(BBB)
ナノ抱合体
ナノ粒子
中空ナノ抱合体
生体分子
ポリヌクレオチド
スペーサー
修飾されたポリヌクレオチド
ポリヌクレオチド特徴
ポリヌクレオチドマーカー/標識
ポリペプチド
天然発生のポリペプチド
非天然発生のポリペプチド
造影剤
標的化部分
治療薬
ニューロトロフィン
抗癌剤
小分子
方法
遺伝子発現を阻害する方法
プローブとしてのナノ抱合体の使用
用量および薬学的組成物
キット
Bcl−2様タンパク質12(Bcl2L12)発現、ならびにヒト脳腫瘍幹細胞(BTSC)および由来する同所性異種外植片中の活性化された受容体チロシンキナーゼ(RTK)のコンペンディアムを評価した(図1)。原発性GBM腫瘍試料における従来の研究[Stegh et al.,Genes Dev.21:98−111(2007)]に従って、Bcl2L12の強い発現を、試験されたBTSCの大部分において特定し、高Bcl2L12発現のあるBTSC系18(huBTSC_18)を初期の機能性研究のために選択した(図1A)。加えて、複数のRTKが神経膠腫細胞内で、およびそれらの対応する同所性外植片(図1B)内で同時活性化することが立証された。特に、生体外神経膠腫細胞株内のRTKの活性プロファイルは、概して、外植された腫瘍BTSC由来移植片内で維持され、対応する培養物と比べてより特徴的なRTKシグニチャーを示し、腫瘍微小環境がBTSC潜在性腫瘍の腫瘍内RTK活性化状態に著しく影響することを示唆する。
治療法の開発のため、Bcl2L12標的化RNAi金ナノ粒子(RNA−AuNP、本明細書に記載されるナノ抱合体)を生成し、神経膠腫細胞株およびhuBTSC_18内の内在性Bcl2L12をノックダウンするその能力をスクリーニングした。Bcl2L12mRNAレベルを40%(図2A)、およびBcl2L12タンパク質存在度を60〜95%(図2B)減少することができたBcl2L12−RNAナノ抱合体(L12−1−およびL12−2−RNAナノ抱合体)を特定した。その後、LN235細胞においてBcl2L12タンパク質発現を強く中和するナノ抱合体濃度(0.1nM)を判定し(図2B)、それを同様の効果を達成するために必要とされる100nMの従来のリポプレックス送達siRNAオリゴヌクレオチドと比較し(図2C)、RNAi機能性ナノ抱合体が遺伝子発現のサイレンシングにおいて従来の方法よりもはるかに有効であることを示す。重要なことに、BTSC中の同様の高く強いKD有効性、およびナノ抱合体治療後最大5日間確認されたBcl2L12タンパク質ノックダウンの持続性が立証された(図2D)。最終的に、Bcl2L12標的化siRNAおよびshRNA[Stegh et al.,Genes Dev.21:98−111(2007)]に示されるように、Bcl2L12のナノ抱合体媒介性ノックダウンは、活性カスパーゼ3および7のウエスタンブロット解析によって証明されるように増強されたエフェクターカスパーゼ活性化をもたらし(図2E)、ナノ抱合体駆動(nanoconjugate−driven)Bcl2L12ノックダウンの機能性を確認する。
細胞培養物中でBCl2L12−およびCRYAB−RNAナノ抱合体の広範なアポトーシス促進活性が確立され、同所性外植片および遺伝子改変マウスのRNAナノ抱合体の機能性が生体内で確認された。これらの研究は、遺伝子改変神経膠腫マウスモデルにおける腫瘍縮小を試験した。これらのナノ抱合体の既知の細胞および組織取り込み性質をさらに拡大し、頭蓋内注射時の正常および癌性の頭蓋内組織中へのRNAナノ抱合体の透過性を文書化し、BTSC異種移植片内へのその取り込みを評価した(図4)。BTSC接種およびCy5−Au−NP投与に続いて、脳を解剖し、冠状切片を共焦点蛍光顕微鏡法にかけた。図4A(下部パネル)は、U87MG移植片に類似のBTSC同所性腫瘍外植片内のRNAナノ抱合体の強い分散を示し、図4Bは、蛍光シグナルの頭蓋内分散の数量化を示す。腫瘍および非腫瘍要素内への頭蓋内ナノ抱合体取り込みを誘導結合型プラズマ質量分光法(ICP−MS;図4C)によって、また多様式ガドリニウム(Gd(III))濃縮多価DNA金ナノ粒子(DNA−Gd(III)−AuNPs)抱合体を使用した磁気共鳴(MR)画像法(図4D)によって検証した。
Claims (22)
- ナノ抱合体を含む組成物であって、前記ナノ抱合体は、中枢神経系(CNS)障害で特異的に発現するポリペプチドをコードする標的ポリヌクレオチドに十分に相補的であるポリヌクレオチドを含み、前記ナノ抱合体は血液脳関門(BBB)を通過する能力を有する、組成物。
- 標的化部分をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 治療薬をさらに含む、請求項1または請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 前記治療薬が、テモゾラミド(temozolamide)である、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 前記障害が、異常な遺伝子発現によって引き起こされる、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記障害が、急性である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記急性障害が、局所脳虚血、全脳虚血、脳外傷、脊髄損傷、急性感染症、てんかん重積症、片頭痛、急性精神病、自殺性鬱病、急性不安/恐怖症、および傷害関連の病気から成る群から選択される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記障害が、慢性である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記慢性障害が、慢性神経変性、網膜変性、鬱病、慢性情動障害、リソソーム蓄積障害、脳の慢性感染症、脳癌、卒中リハビリテーション、先天性代謝異常、自閉症、および精神遅滞から成る群から選択される、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 前記ナノ抱合体が、少なくとも約400、約600、約800、約1000、約1200ダルトン以上の質量を有する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ナノ抱合体が、約−10ミリボルト(mV)〜約−50ミリボルト(mV)のゼータ電位測定値を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 血液脳関門を横断することができる組成物を必要としている患者を治療する方法であって、前記患者に機能性ナノ抱合体を含む治療上有効量の組成物を投与することを含み、前記ナノ抱合体は、標的ポリヌクレオチドとハイブリッド形成し、かつその発現を阻害するように、前記標的ポリヌクレオチドに十分に相補的である配列を有するポリヌクレオチドを含む、方法。
- 機能性ナノ抱合体を含む組成物を患者に投与する方法であって、前記方法は、前記患者に治療上有効量の前記組成物を投与することを含み、
前記ナノ抱合体が、標的ポリヌクレオチドとハイブリッド形成し、かつその発現を阻害するように、前記標的ポリヌクレオチドに十分に相補的である配列を有するポリヌクレオチドを含み、前記組成物が、血液脳関門を横断する能力を有し、前記患者が、血液脳関門を横断することができる組成物を必要としている、方法。 - 前記組成物が、治療薬をさらに含む、請求項12または請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、中枢神経系(CNS)障害に罹っている、請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、異常な遺伝子発現によって引き起こされる障害に罹っている、請求項12〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者が、急性および/または慢性障害に罹っている、請求項12〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記急性障害が、局所脳虚血、全脳虚血、脳外傷、脊髄損傷、急性感染症、てんかん重積症、片頭痛、急性精神病、自殺性鬱病、急性不安/恐怖症、および傷害関連の病気から成る群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記慢性障害が、慢性神経変性、網膜変性、鬱病、慢性情動障害、リソソーム蓄積障害、脳の慢性感染症、脳癌、卒中リハビリテーション、先天性代謝異常、自閉症、および精神遅滞から成る群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、1回のみ投与される、請求項12〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、週に約1回を超えない頻度で投与される、請求項12〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記患者がヒトである、請求項12〜21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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CA2847698A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
EP2755692B1 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
AU2012308302A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
US20180193484A1 (en) | 2018-07-12 |
EP2755692A1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
ES2856091T3 (es) | 2021-09-27 |
CN104023749B (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
CA2847698C (en) | 2020-09-01 |
EP2755692A4 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
US9889209B2 (en) | 2018-02-13 |
US10398784B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
US20150031745A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
AU2017216461A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
AU2017216461B2 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
CN104023749A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
WO2013040499A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
JP2018024703A (ja) | 2018-02-15 |
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