JP2014517534A - 基板貫通相互接続を有する半導体構成と、基板貫通相互接続を形成する方法 - Google Patents
基板貫通相互接続を有する半導体構成と、基板貫通相互接続を形成する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014517534A JP2014517534A JP2014514461A JP2014514461A JP2014517534A JP 2014517534 A JP2014517534 A JP 2014517534A JP 2014514461 A JP2014514461 A JP 2014514461A JP 2014514461 A JP2014514461 A JP 2014514461A JP 2014517534 A JP2014517534 A JP 2014517534A
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- copper
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Abstract
【選択図】図14
Description
図1を参照すると、半導体構成10の部分が図示されている。構成10は、半導体ウエハの一部であろう。構成10は、集積回路(不図示)が関連付けられた半導体基板12を備えている。基板12は、半導体材料でできており、例えば、単結晶シリコン基材(単一シリコンウエハの領域などのような)を備えているであろう。「半導電性基板」、「半導体構成」、「半導体基板」は、半導電性ウエハ(単独で、あるいは、他の材料を含むアセンブリ)などの、バルクの半導電性材料、及び、半導電性材料レイヤ(単独で、あるいは、他の材料を含むアセンブリで)を含むが、これらには限定されない半導電性材料からなる任意の構成を意味する。語句「基板」は、上記した半導電性基板を含むが、これには限定されない任意の支持構成を示す。
基板12に関連した集積回路は、図面を簡単化するために示されていない。回路は、例えば、メモリ、ロジック、配線などを含む、既知の、あるいは、後に開発される、任意の集積回路コンポーネントを備えていることがある。さまざまな回路コンポーネントは、例えば、1以上の耐熱金属材料、バリア材料、拡散材料、非導電性材料などを含む、さまざまな任意の材料からなることがある。集積回路コンポーネントは、側面9及び11の一方、あるいは、他方に主に沿っているであろう。集積回路が関連付いた面は、半導体基板12の表面(あるいは、活性面)と呼ばれ、他方は、基板の裏側と呼ばれるであろう。ある実施形態では、第1の側面9は、基板の表面に対応するであろう。
非導電性ライナーは、任意の適切な化合物、あるいは、化合物の組み合わせからなっており、ある実施形態では、例えば、ほうりん珪酸ガラス(BPSG)、りん珪酸ガラス(PSG)、フルオロ珪酸ガラス(FSG)などの、1以上の添加剤が添加されたガラスからなっているであろう。ライナー16は、任意の適切な厚さに形成され、一実施形態では、例えば、約1700オングストロームの厚さなど、約1000オングストロームから約3000オングストロームの範囲内の厚さに形成されるであろう。
ある実施形態では、第2の部分44は、材料42に対応するコアを備え、コアの周りの材料30に対応する覆いを備えると考えられるであろう。したがって、材料42は、相互接続の第2の部分44のコア材料として参照され、材料30は、相互接続の第2の部分の覆い材料として参照されるであろう。ある実施形態では、コア42は、銅含有コアであり、覆い30は、銅バリア覆いであるであろう。
図23を参照すると、構成10dが、図8のそれに続く処理段階において示されている。構成は、図11を参照して上記した第1及び第2の領域38及び40を備えると示されている。非導電性構成80は、構成10dの基板12の第1の領域38の上にはあるが、第2の領域40の上にはないようにパターン化されている。
図24を参照すると、銅含有材料42は、材料30を横断して形成される。銅含有材料は、シード材料32から電解成長されるであろう(図23)。シード材料は、電解成長された銅と一体化し、したがって、図24の処理段階においては示されていない。
図31を参照すると、構成10fは、図21のそれと類似の処理段階において示されている。構成は、コア20と覆い18を備える第1の部分22と、コア42と覆い30と備える第2の部分44を有する基板貫通相互接続100を備えている。第2の部分44は、それぞれ、開口部60−62内に複数の導電性フィンガ70−72を備えている。全ての導電性フィンガ70−72は、基板貫通相互接続の第1の部分22のコア20まで伸びている。構成はまた、基板12内に伸びるアンカーピン114及び116を形成するために、開口部110及び112内に伸びる導電性材料42を備えている。こうしたアンカーピンは、材料42のパッドを基板に固定する助けになることができる。アンカーピンの数と間隔は、基板の望ましくない弱体化を避けつつ、基板への材料42のパッドを望ましく固定するために選択されるであろう。
図31の実施形態は、電気相互接続の第1の部分22に対し、いくらか対称的に向けられた材料42のパッドを示すが(特に、図31の断面に沿って、相互接続の第1の部分の左右の両方へ約等距離で伸びているパッド材料42を示している)、他の実施形態では、パッド材料は、電気相互接続のそのような第1の部分に対し、非対称に向けられているであろう。図32は、材料42のパッドが、電気相互接続の第1の部分22に対し、横方向にオフセットされて設けられている構成10gを示している。図示の実施形態においては、材料42は、開口部112内に伸びるアンカーピン116を形成している。ある実施形態においては、熱膨張の間に発生するさまざまな力をそらすことができる点で、電気相互接続の第1の部分22に対し、横方向にオフセットされた材料42のパッドを有することは、いくらか利点があるであろう。
構成が、他の構成「の上」あるいは「に対して」として参照されるときには、それが直接他の構成の上にあるか、介在する構成があっても良い。一方、構成が、他の構成「の直接に上」あるいは「直接に、対して」と参照される場合には、介在する構成は存在しない。構成が他の構成に「接続」され、あるいは、「結合」されると参照される場合には、他の構成に直接接続されるか、結合され、介在する構成があっても良い。一方、構成が、他の構成に「直接接続」され、あるいは、「直接結合され」と参照されている場合には、介在する構成は存在しない。
Claims (27)
- 半導体基板を通して相互接続を形成する方法であって、
前記基板の第1の側面から、前記基板を通って途中まで伸びる第1の開口部を形成することと、
前記導電性相互接続の第1の部分を前記第1の開口部内に形成することと、
前記基板の第2の側面から前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分まで延びる少なくとも1つの第2の開口部を形成することと、
前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に、前記導電性相互接続の第2に部分を形成することと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記導電性相互接続の前記第2の部分の形成の間に、前記基板内に伸びる、少なくとも1つのアンカーピンを形成することを更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分は、銅のコアで構成され、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部は、前記銅のコアを暴露することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分まで伸びる唯一の第2の開口部が存在することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分まで伸びる複数の第2の開口部が存在することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分は、銅のコアの周りにある導電性の覆いを備え、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部は、前記導電性覆いを暴露し、前記銅のコアを暴露しないことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記暴露された導電性の覆いは、銅バリア材料であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。
- 半導体基板を通って、相互接続を形成する方法であって、
前記基板の第1の側面から、前記基板を通って途中まで伸びる第1の開口部を形成することと、
前記第1の開口部内に導電性相互接続の第1の部分を形成することと、
前記基板の第2の側面から、前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分に直接に渡って伸びる少なくとも1つの第2の開口部を形成することと、
前記基板の前記第2の側面に沿って、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に、非導電性材料を形成することと、
前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部の底部に沿って、前記基板の前記第2の側面に沿って、かつ、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部の側面に沿って、前記非導電性材料を残したまま、前記非導電性材料を取り除くことであって、前記非導電性材料を前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部の前記底部に沿って取り除いた後、前記相互接続の前記第1の部分の領域を、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部を通して暴露することと、
前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に、前記導電性相互接続の第2の部分を形成することと、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記基板の前記第2の側面から前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分まで伸びる唯一の第2の開口部が存在することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記基板の前記第2の側面から、前記導電性相互接続の前記第1の部分まで伸びる複数の第2の開口部が存在することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記非導電性材料は、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部の底部に沿ってよりも、前記基板の前記第2の側面に沿ったほうが厚くなるように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の第2の部分を形成することは、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に銅を電解成長することを含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第2の部分を形成することは、
前記基板の前記第2の側面を横断して、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に、銅バリア材料を形成することと、
前記銅バリア材料の上に銅シード材料を形成することと、
前記基板の前記第2の側面の第1の領域を覆うが、前記基板の前記第2の側面の第2の領域を覆われないままにするパターン化マスクを形成することであって、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部は、前記覆われていない第2の領域内にあることと、
前記覆われていない第2の領域内に、前記シード材料から銅を電解成長させることと、
前記銅を電解成長させた後、前記第1の領域の上から、前記パターン化されたマスク、前記シード材料、及び、前記銅バリア材料を取り除くことと
を含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記銅は、前記パターン化されたマスク、前記シード材料及び前記銅バリア材料が、前記第1の領域の上から除去された後、台座として、前記第2の領域の上に残り、前記第1の領域を横断して、前記台座の側面に沿って、非導電性構成を形成することを更に含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第2の部分の前記形成の間に、前記基板内に伸びる少なくとも1つのアンカーピンを形成することを更に含み、前記少なくとも1つのアンカーピンは、前記電解成長された銅を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性相互接続の前記第2の部分を形成することは、
前記基板の前記第2の側面の第1の領域を覆うが、前記基板の前記第2の側面の第2の領域を覆わないでおく、非導電性構成を形成し、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部は、前記覆われていない第2の領域内にあり、
前記非導電性構成を横断して、前記少なくとも1つの第2の開口部内に、銅バリア材料を形成し、
前記銅バリア材料の上に銅を形成し、
前記非導電性構成の上から、前記銅と前記バリア材料を取り除き、一方、前記銅と前記バリア材料を前記第2の領域の上に残しておく、
ことを含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記非導電性構成は、ポリイミドを含むことを特徴とする請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記銅と前記バリア材料を前記非導電性構成の上から取り除くことは、化学的機械的研磨を含むことを特徴とする請求項16に記載の方法。
- 半導体基板の第1の側面から、前記基板を通って部分的に伸びる、基板貫通相互接続の導電性の第1の部分と、
前記基板の第2の側面から、前記第1の側面と対向するように伸びる、全てが前記導電性の第1の部分まで伸びる複数の個別の導電性フィンガを含む、前記基板貫通相互接続の導電性の第2の部分と、
を備えることを特徴とする半導体構成。 - 前記導電性の第1の部分は、第1の化合物を含む金属含有コアを有し、前記個別の導電性フィンガは、全て、前記第1の化合物の金属含有コアを有し、前記フィンガの前記金属含有コアは、前記第1の化合物とは異なる第2の化合物を有する導電性材料の介在領域によって、前記第1の部分の前記金属含有コアから離れていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の半導体構成。
- 前記基板貫通相互接続の前記第2の部分から、横方向にオフセットされ、前記フィンガの前記金属含有コアとしての共通化合物を含む、少なくとも1つのアンカーピンを更に備えることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の半導体構成。
- 前記第1の化合物は、銅からなることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の半導体構成。
- 前記第2の化合物は、1以上のコバルト、ルテニウム、タンタル、タンタル窒化物、タングステン窒化物及びチタン窒化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の半導体構成。
- 半導体基板の第1の側面から、前記基板を通って部分的に伸び、第1の金属含有コアを有する基板貫通相互接続の第1の導電性部分と、
前記半導体基板の第2の側面から、前記第1の側面と対向するように伸び、金属含有コアの周りの導電性覆いを有し、その前記導電性覆いは、前記第1の部分の前記導電性コアと、前記第2の部分の前記導電性コア間に設けられる、前記基板貫通相互接続の第2の導電性部分と、
を備えることを特徴とする半導体構成。 - 前記基板貫通相互接続の前記第2の部分から横方向にオフセットされており、前記基板貫通相互接続の前記第2の部分の前記金属含有コアとしての共通化合物を有する少なくとも1つのアンカーピンを更に備えることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の半導体構成。
- 前記第1の部分の前記金属含有コアは、銅からなり、前記第2の部分の前記金属含有コアは、銅からなり、前記導電性覆いは、銅バリア材料である、ことを特徴とする請求項24に記載の半導体構成。
- 前記銅バリア材料は、1以上の、コバルト、ルテニウム、タンタル、タンタル窒化物、タングステン窒化物、及び、チタン窒化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項24に記載の半導体構成。
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