JP2014123712A - 太陽電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 107
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 890
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 105
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 63
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 61
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 21
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 13
- QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.OO QOSATHPSBFQAML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 10
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011370 conductive nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/1836—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe comprising a growth substrate not being an AIIBVI compound
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Abstract
低コストで化合物半導体製の太陽電池を製造することのできる太陽電池の製造方法を提供すること。
【解決手段】
太陽電池の製造方法は、第1シリコン基板に、格子緩和を行う第1バッファ層を積層する工程と、前記第1バッファ層に、pn接合を有する化合物半導体で形成され、シリコンより格子定数の大きい第1光電変換セルを積層する工程と、前記第1光電変換セルに、支持基板を接続する工程と、前記第1光電変換セルから前記第1バッファ層及び前記第1シリコン基板を取り除く工程とを含む。
【選択図】図1
Description
図1乃至図3は、実施の形態1の太陽電池の製造方法を示す図である。
実施の形態2の太陽電池の製造方法は、シリコン半導体製の光電変換セルが形成されたSi基板を支持基板として用いるものである。ここでは、シリコン半導体製の光電変換セルのバンドギャップが1.1eVであり、化合物半導体製の光電変換セルのバンドギャップが1.7eVである場合について説明する。なお、化合物半導体製の光電変換セルとしては、GaInPAsセルを用いる。
実施の形態3の太陽電池の製造方法は、4つの化合物半導体製の光電変換セルを含む4接合太陽電池を製造する方法である。実施の形態3の太陽電池は、4つのうちの2つの光電変換セルと、他の2つの光電変換セルとが互いに異なる格子定数を有する。このため、2つのSi基板にそれぞれ2つの光電変換セルを作製した後に、接合することによって4接合太陽電池を製造する。
実施の形態4の太陽電池の製造方法は、AlInAsセル(1.9eV)/GaInPAsセル(1.3eV)/GaInAsセル(0.9eV)の3つの光電変換セルを含む3接合太陽電池の製造方法である。
10 Si基板
11 バッファ層
12、14 コンタクト層
13 トンネル接合層
15A、15B メタル層
20 GaInPセル
30 GaAsセル
200A、200B、200C 積層体
220 GaInPAsセル
213 トンネル接合層
214A 接合層
230 シリコンセル
231 p−Si基板
232 n−Si層
233 メタル層
300A、300B、300C、300D、300E、300F、300G、300H 積層体
10A、10B Si基板
311A、11B バッファ層
312A、12B コンタクト層
340 GaInAsセル
313A、313B トンネル接合層
350 GaInPAsセル
314A、314B 接合層
400A、400B、400C、400D 積層体
411 バッファ層
412 コンタクト層
413A トンネル接合層
413B トンネル接合層
414 コンタクト層
420 AlInAsセル
430 GaInPAsセル
440 GaInAsセル
Claims (21)
- 第1シリコン基板に、格子緩和を行う第1バッファ層を積層する工程と、
前記第1バッファ層に、pn接合を有する化合物半導体で形成され、シリコンより格子定数の大きい第1光電変換セルを積層する工程と、
前記第1光電変換セルに、支持基板を接続する工程と、
前記第1光電変換セルから前記第1バッファ層及び前記第1シリコン基板を取り除く工程と
を含む、太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1光電変換セルは、少なくとも2つの光電変換セルが積層され、積層方向に直列接続される多接合セルである、請求項1記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記少なくとも2つの光電変換セルは、(Al)GaInP層で形成される光電変換セルと、Ga(In)As層で形成される光電変換セルとを含む、請求項2記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1光電変換セルは、GaAsの格子定数とInPの格子定数との間の格子定数を有する材料で形成される、請求項1又は2記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 第2シリコン基板に、格子定数を緩和する第2バッファ層を積層する工程と、
前記第2バッファ層に、pn接合を有する化合物半導体で形成され、シリコンより格子定数が大きく、前記第1光電変換セルとは格子定数の異なる第2光電変換セルを積層する工程と、
前記第1光電変換セルと前記第2光電変換セルを接合することにより、前記第1シリコン基板、前記第1バッファ層、前記第1光電変換セル、前記第2光電変換セル、前記第2バッファ層、及び前記第2シリコン基板を含む第2積層体を形成する工程と、
前記第2バッファ層及び前記第2シリコン基板を取り除く工程と
をさらに含み、
前記第1光電変換セルから前記第1バッファ層及び前記第1シリコン基板を取り除く工程は、前記第2積層体に含まれる前記第1バッファ層及び前記第1シリコン基板を取り除く工程であり、
前記第1光電変換セルに前記支持基板を接続する工程は、前記第2積層体から前記第1シリコン基板及び前記第1バッファ層を取り外した第3積層体に含まれる前記第1光電変換セルに、前記支持基板を接続する工程であり、
前記第2バッファ層及び前記第2シリコン基板を取り除く工程は、前記支持基板が接続された第3積層体から、前記第2バッファ層及び前記第2シリコン基板を取り除く工程である、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1光電変換セルを形成した後に、前記第1光電変換セルに第1接合層を積層する工程と、
前記第2光電変換セルに第2接合層を積層する工程と
をさらに含み、
前記第2積層体を形成する工程では、前記第1接合層と前記第2接合層を接合することにより、前記第1光電変換セルと前記第2光電変換セルを接合する、請求項5記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1光電変換セルを形成した後に、前記第1光電変換セルに第1接合層を積層する工程と、
前記第2光電変換セルに第2接合層を積層する工程と
をさらに含み、
前記第2積層体を形成する工程では、前記第1接合層と前記第2接合層を金属を介して機械的に接合することにより、前記第1光電変換セルと前記第2光電変換セルを接合する、請求項5記載の太陽電池の製造方法。 - 前記第1光電変換セル及び前記第2光電変換セルのうちの一方は、GaAs格子整合系の材料、又は、Ge格子整合系の材料で形成されるセルであり、前記第1光電変換セル及び前記第2光電変換セルのうちの他方は、InP格子整合系の材料で形成されるセルである、請求項5乃至7のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第2光電変換セルは、少なくとも2つの光電変換セルが積層され、積層方向に直列接続される多接合セルである、請求項8記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記GaAs格子整合系の材料は、(Al)GaInP(As)を含み、前記InP格子整合系の材料は、GaIn(P)Asを含む、請求項8又は9記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1バッファ層の一部は、Ge層又はSiGe層である、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第2バッファ層の一部は、Ge層又はSiGe層である、請求項5乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 請求項11記載の前記第1バッファ層、又は、請求項12記載の前記第2バッファ層を除去する工程は、フッ酸、硝酸、又は酢酸を含むエッチング溶液を用いてエッチングする工程である、太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1バッファ層は、GaAsを含む歪超格子層である、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第2バッファ層は、GaAsを含む歪超格子層である、請求項5乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 請求項14記載の前記第1バッファ層、又は、請求項15記載の前記第2バッファ層を除去する工程は、硫酸又は過酸化水素水を含むエッチング溶液を用いてエッチングする工程である、太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1のバッファ層及び前記第1のシリコン基板を取り除く工程、又は、前記第2のバッファ層及び前記第2のシリコン基板を取り除く工程は、バッファ層と光電変換セルとの間に設けた犠牲層を選択的にエッチングする工程である、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1のバッファ層及び前記第1のシリコン基板を取り除く工程、又は、前記第2のバッファ層及び前記第2のシリコン基板を取り除く工程は、水素イオンをSi基板に注入し、高温にして剥がす工程を含む、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 支持基板は、プラスチック製のフィルムである、請求項1乃至18のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記支持基板は、シリコン基板であり、前記シリコン基板は、シリコン半導体製の光電変換セルを含む、請求項1乃至19のいずれか一項記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
- 前記第1光電変換セルは、1.5〜1.8eVのバンドギャップエネルギーを持つ材料で形成される、請求項20記載の太陽電池の製造方法。
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US20150333214A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
TWI495140B (zh) | 2015-08-01 |
EP2923384B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
US10008627B2 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
EP2923384A4 (en) | 2015-11-25 |
TW201431109A (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
US9450138B2 (en) | 2016-09-20 |
WO2014081048A1 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
BR112015011887B1 (pt) | 2021-01-12 |
CN104937727B (zh) | 2017-09-29 |
US20160343898A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
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