JP2014096360A - 蓄電装置 - Google Patents
蓄電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2014096360A JP2014096360A JP2013206082A JP2013206082A JP2014096360A JP 2014096360 A JP2014096360 A JP 2014096360A JP 2013206082 A JP2013206082 A JP 2013206082A JP 2013206082 A JP2013206082 A JP 2013206082A JP 2014096360 A JP2014096360 A JP 2014096360A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- active material
- ionic liquid
- electrode active
- power storage
- Prior art date
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanide Chemical compound [CH3-] LGRLWUINFJPLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanide Chemical compound [NH2-] HYGWNUKOUCZBND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- KYINPWAJIVTFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CC1CCNC1 KYINPWAJIVTFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
【解決手段】正極集電体及び正極活物質層を有する正極と、負極集電体及び負極活物質層を有する負極と、電解液と、を有し、負極活物質層は、ラマン分光法により観測されるラマンスペクトルのラマンシフトが1360cm−1のピーク強度I1360とラマンシフトが1580cm−1のピーク強度I1580との比I1360/I1580であるR値が1.1以上の炭素材料の含有率を2wt%未満とし、電解液は、リチウムイオンと、有機カチオン及びアニオンから構成されるイオン液体と、を含む蓄電装置である。
【選択図】図1
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様に係る蓄電装置の構造及びその製造方法について、図1及び図2を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様に係る蓄電装置の電解液に適用することができるイオン液体について詳述する。
本発明の一態様に係る蓄電装置は、電力により駆動する様々な電気機器の電源として用いることができる。
次に、電気機器の一例である携帯情報端末について、図4を用いて説明する。
さらに、電気機器の一例である移動体の例について、図5を用いて説明する。
実施例1で使用した1−エチル−1,3−ジメチルピロリジニウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(略称:3mP12−FSA)、及び2−メチル−5−アゾニアスピロ[4,4]ノナンビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(略称:2mAS44−FSA)は、新規のイオン液体であるため、以下に合成法を記載する。
1000mlナスフラスコに、構造式(α−1)で表される4−アミノ−2−メチル−1−ブタノール(52g、0.5mol)と、四塩化炭素(154g、1.0mol)とを塩化メチレン(150ml)に加えた。この溶液にトリフェニルホスフィン(144g、0.55mol)を加えた後、(大気圧下・窒素気流下)40℃で約3時間加熱還流を行った。その後、有機層から目的物を純水(50ml)で3回抽出し、抽出した水を減圧留去した。得られた残留物をフッ素樹脂製の100ml丸底フラスコに移し、水60mlに水酸化ナトリウム(40g、1.0mol)を溶かした水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加え大気下室温一晩(15〜20時間)撹拌した。撹拌後、この混合物にNaClを加えた。この混合物を蒸留し、構造式(α−2)で表される3−メチルピロリジン(40.64g,0.48mol)を得た。
1000ml三口フラスコに、水500mlに水酸化ナトリウム(20g、0.5mol)を溶かした水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に、ジブロモブタン(108g、0.5mol)を加えた。この混合物を60℃に保ち、攪拌しながら上記合成した3−メチルピロリジン(40.64g、0.48mol)を30分かけて滴下した後、大気下で100℃3時間の加熱還流を行った。還流後、この混合物の溶媒を減圧溜去し、得られた固体に、水酸化ナトリウム(100g、2.5mol)の250mL水溶液を、氷冷下で加えた。二層に分かれた混合物の水層から目的物を、塩化メチレンで抽出し、得られた抽出溶液と有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。この混合物を自然濾過し、濾液を濃縮して固体を得た。得られた固体を塩化メチレン及びアセトンで再結晶し、さらにジエチルエーテルで洗浄したところ、構造式(α−3)で表される2−メチル−5−アゾニアスピロ[4,4]ノナンブロミド(0.225mol,49.6g)を得た。
300mL三角フラスコに、2−メチル−5−アゾニアスピロ[4,4]ノナンブロミド(50g、0.225mol)と、カリウムビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(54g、0.248mol)と、水30mlを加えた。この液体を、大気下、室温で混合攪拌することにより、水層と目的物の液体の2層の混合物が得られた。得られた混合物の水層から目的物を、塩化メチレンで抽出した。得られた抽出溶液と、撹拌時に得られた液体を合わせて、純水で6回洗浄し、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。得られた混合物を自然濾過し、濾液を濃縮して液体を得た。得られた液体を60℃で8時間減圧乾燥することで、2−メチル−5−アゾニアスピロ[4,4]ノナンビス(フルオロスルホニル)アミド(64.11g,0.20mol)を得た。
101 正極集電体
102 正極活物質層
103 正極
104 負極集電体
105 負極活物質層
106 負極
107 セパレータ
108 電解液
109 筐体
113 容器
114 容器
120 蓄電装置
300 リチウムイオン二次電池
301 正極缶
302 負極缶
303 ガスケット
8000 表示装置
8001 筐体
8002 表示部
8003 スピーカー部
8004 蓄電装置
8100 照明装置
8101 筐体
8102 光源
8103 蓄電装置
8104 天井
8105 側壁
8106 床
8107 窓
8200 室内機
8201 筐体
8202 送風口
8203 蓄電装置
8204 室外機
8300 電気冷凍冷蔵庫
8301 筐体
8302 冷蔵室用扉
8303 冷凍室用扉
8304 蓄電装置
9033 具
9034 表示モード切り替えスイッチ
9035 電源スイッチ
9036 省電力モード切り替えスイッチ
9038 操作スイッチ
9630 筐体
9631 表示部
9631a 表示部
9631b 表示部
9632a 領域
9632b 領域
9633 太陽電池
9634 充放電制御回路
9635 バッテリー
9636 DCDCコンバータ
9637 コンバータ
9638 操作キー
9639 ボタン
9700 電気自動車
9701 蓄電装置
9702 制御回路
9703 駆動装置
9704 処理装置
Claims (8)
- 正極集電体及び正極活物質層を有する正極と、
負極集電体及び負極活物質層を有する負極と、
電解液と、を有し、
前記電解液は、リチウムイオンと、有機カチオン及びアニオンから構成されるイオン液体と、を含み、
前記負極活物質層は、前記負極活物質層の総重量に対して、ラマン分光法により観測されるラマンスペクトルのラマンシフトが1360cm−1のピーク強度I1360とラマンシフトが1580cm−1のピーク強度I1580との比I1360/I1580であるR値が1.1以上の炭素材料の含有率が2wt%未満である、蓄電装置。 - 正極集電体及び正極活物質層を有する正極と、
負極集電体及び負極活物質層を有する負極と、
電解液と、を有し、
前記電解液は、リチウムイオンと、四級アンモニウムカチオン及びアニオンから構成されるイオン液体と、を含み、
前記負極活物質層は、少なくとも負極活物質を有し、
前記負極活物質は、ラマン分光法により観測されるラマンスペクトルのラマンシフトが1360cm−1のピーク強度I1360とラマンシフトが1580cm−1のピーク強度I1580との比I1360/I1580であるR値が1.1未満の炭素材料である、蓄電装置。 - 請求項2において、
前記R値が1.1未満の炭素材料は、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、メソフェーズピッチ系炭素繊維、等方性ピッチ系炭素繊維、又はグラフェンから選ばれた一種又は複数種である蓄電装置。 - 請求項2又は3において、
前記R値が1.1未満の炭素材料は、鱗片状、塊状、繊維状、ウィスカー状、球状、又は破砕状の粒子である蓄電装置。 - 正極集電体及び正極活物質層を有する正極と、
負極集電体及び負極活物質層を有する負極と、
電解液と、を有し、
前記電解液は、リチウムイオンと、四級アンモニウムカチオン及びアニオンから構成されるイオン液体と、を含み、
前記負極活物質層は、少なくとも負極活物質を有し、
前記イオン液体は、サイクリックボルタンメトリー法により、走査速度0.1mV/秒の測定において、電圧1.0V以上1.5V(vs.Li/Li+)以下の範囲における電流密度の最大値が、2mA/g以下である、蓄電装置。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれかにおいて、
前記イオン液体は、下記に示す一般式(G1)で表されるイオン液体である蓄電装置。
(一般式(G1)中、R1〜R6は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数が1〜20のアルキル基、メトキシ基、メトキシメチル基、メトキシエチル基、または水素原子のいずれかを表し、A−は1価のアミド系アニオン、1価のメチド系アニオン、フルオロスルホン酸アニオン、パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオン、テトラフルオロボレート、パーフルオロアルキルボレート、ヘキサフルオロホスフェート、またはパーフルオロアルキルホスフェートを表す。) - 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一において、
前記イオン液体は、下記に示す一般式(G2)で表されるイオン液体である蓄電装置。
(一般式(G2)中、R7〜R13は、それぞれ独立に、炭素数が1〜20のアルキル基、メトキシ基、メトキシメチル基、メトキシエチル基、または水素原子のいずれかを表し、A−は1価のアミド系アニオン、1価のメチド系アニオン、フルオロスルホン酸アニオン、パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオン、テトラフルオロボレート、パーフルオロアルキルボレート、ヘキサフルオロホスフェート、またはパーフルオロアルキルホスフェートを表す。) - 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一において、
前記イオン液体は、下記に示す一般式(G3)で表されるイオン液体である蓄電装置。
(一般式(G3)中、n及びmは1以上3以下である。αは0以上6以下とし、nが1の場合αは0以上4以下であり、nが2の場合αは0以上5以下であり、nが3の場合αは0以上6以下である。βは0以上6以下とし、mが1の場合βは0以上4以下であり、mが2の場合βは0以上5以下であり、mが3の場合βは0以上6以下である。なお、αまたはβが0であるとは、無置換であることを表す。また、αとβが共に0である場合は除くものとする。X又はYは、置換基として炭素数が1〜4の直鎖状若しくは側鎖状のアルキル基、炭素数が1〜4の直鎖状若しくは側鎖状のアルコキシ基、又は炭素数が1〜4の直鎖状若しくは側鎖状のアルコキシアルキル基を表す。また、A−は1価のアミドアニオン、1価のメチドアニオン、パーフルオロアルキルスルホン酸アニオン、テトラフルオロボレート、パーフルオロアルキルボレート、ヘキサフルオロホスフェート及びパーフルオロアルキルホスフェートのいずれかを表す。)
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US10128541B2 (en) | 2018-11-13 |
CN103715393B (zh) | 2019-04-05 |
US20160276710A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
KR102316194B1 (ko) | 2021-10-25 |
KR20200083406A (ko) | 2020-07-08 |
US20170207487A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
US9362564B2 (en) | 2016-06-07 |
US9847555B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
CN114400299A (zh) | 2022-04-26 |
CN103715393A (zh) | 2014-04-09 |
US20140099558A1 (en) | 2014-04-10 |
CN109920650B (zh) | 2022-02-11 |
US20180048027A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
KR20140045880A (ko) | 2014-04-17 |
US9620820B2 (en) | 2017-04-11 |
CN109920650A (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
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