JP2013147798A - 断熱材用組成物、断熱材及びそれを備えた宇宙機 - Google Patents
断熱材用組成物、断熱材及びそれを備えた宇宙機 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013147798A JP2013147798A JP2012007097A JP2012007097A JP2013147798A JP 2013147798 A JP2013147798 A JP 2013147798A JP 2012007097 A JP2012007097 A JP 2012007097A JP 2012007097 A JP2012007097 A JP 2012007097A JP 2013147798 A JP2013147798 A JP 2013147798A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat insulating
- insulating material
- fibrous
- composition
- fibrous material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/52—Protection, safety or emergency devices; Survival aids
- B64G1/58—Thermal protection, e.g. heat shields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
【解決手段】断熱材用組成物は、繊維状物質1、無機質発泡粒子2、熱硬化性樹脂3、及び発泡剤を含有し、繊維状物質1として少なくとも、第1の繊維状物質と、第1の繊維状物質とは異なる材料からなる第2の繊維状物質と、を含み、第1の繊維状物質の融点が、第2の繊維状物質よりも高く、第2の繊維状物質の熱伝導率が、第1の繊維状物質よりも低い。
【選択図】図2
Description
本実施形態に係る断熱材用組成物は、繊維状物質、熱硬化性樹脂、無機質発泡粒子、及び発泡剤を含む。断熱材用組成物に含まれる発泡剤を除く各要素は、合計で100質量%となるように配合される。
第1の繊維状物質は、第2の繊維状物質よりも高融点のものが選択される。第1の繊維状物質は耐熱性を担い、リセッションを向上させる役割を果たす。第1の繊維状物質の融点は、1000℃以上であることが好ましい。第1の繊維状物質は、セラミックス系繊維、例えば、炭素繊維(CF)、炭化ケイ素繊維またはチラノ繊維(登録商標)、シリカ繊維、アルミナ繊維などが好適である。
なお、第1の繊維状物質は、第2の繊維状物質よりも融点が高い、複数種類の繊維状物質が混在した第1の繊維状物質群であっても良い。
なお、第2の繊維状物質は、第1の繊維状物質よりも熱伝導率が低い、複数種類の繊維状物質が混在した第2の繊維状物質群であっても良い。
本実施形態に係る断熱材は、上記断熱材用組成物を金型に充填し、加熱して熱硬化性樹脂を溶融させるとともに発泡剤を発泡させた状態で硬化させることによって製造する。加熱温度及び加熱時間などは、断熱材用組成物に含まれる熱硬化性樹脂及び発泡剤の種類などによって適宜設定する。
図2に、本実施形態に係る断熱材の断熱層7の概略断面図を示す。断熱層7は、樹脂層3中に繊維状物質1や無機質発泡粒子2が分散された構成とされる。樹脂層3は、断熱材用組成物に含まれる発泡剤が発泡し、且つ、熱硬化性樹脂が硬化して形成された層である。図2において繊維状物質1は図の簡略化のため1種類の線種で記載されているが、断熱材中には、材料の異なる2種類以上の繊維状物質(第1の繊維状物質及第2の繊維状物質)が混在している。
なお、断熱層7は、断熱材の表面側に第1の繊維状物質が多く含まれ、裏面側に向けて、段階的または連続的に第1の繊維状物質の配合量が減少するよう構成されても良い。
別の断熱材組成物は、繊維状物質以外の構成が断熱層7と同様とされる。繊維状物質としては、第2の繊維状物質が単独で含まれている。第2の繊維状物質は、断熱層7に含まれる第1の繊維状物質よりも熱伝導率の低い繊維状の物質である。例えば、酸化物系繊維、例えばシリカ繊維、アルミナ繊維などが好適である。第2の繊維状物質は、断熱性を向上させる役割を果たす。宇宙往還機並びに再突入カプセルの断熱材(アブレータ)に適用される場合、第2の繊維状物質は500℃以上の耐熱性があると良い。
なお、第2の繊維状物質は、第1の繊維状物質よりも熱伝導率が低い、複数種類の繊維状物質が混在した第2の繊維状物質群であっても良い。
断熱材用組成物は、ハニカム構造物の空所内に充填されても良い。ハニカム構造物は、両面に開口する多数の空所が規則的に配置された構造物である。空所の形状を図3に例示する。空所6の形状は、図3(イ)に限定されず、図3(ロ)〜図3(ホ)に示す形状などであっても良い。図3(ロ)〜図3(ホ)に示された形状のハニカム構造物は、例えば、「OX」、「フレックス」、「バイセクト」、「フェザー」として、昭和飛行機工業(株)から入手可能である。空所6の形状は、適用に応じて適宜選択される。
実施例1として、以下の断熱材組成物Aを用いて断熱材を作製した。
≪断熱材組成物A≫
熱硬化性樹脂 :硬化剤入りノボラック型フェノール樹脂(11質量部)/レゾール型フェノール樹脂ワニス(52重量部、固形分換算で34質量部)
繊維状物質 :炭素繊維(7.5質量部)/シリカ繊維(7.5質量部)
無機質発泡粒子:アルミノシリケート系マイクロバルーン(40質量部)
発泡剤 :マイクロカプセル発泡剤(5.5質量部)
実施例2として、以下の断熱材組成物Aおよび断熱材組成物Bを用いて断熱材を作製した。断熱材用組成物Aは、実施例1と同様の組成とした。断熱材用組成物Bは、繊維状物質がシリカ繊維(第2の繊維状物質)のみ含まれ、それ以外は断熱材用組成物Aと同様に調製した。
熱硬化性樹脂 :硬化剤入りノボラック型フェノール樹脂(11質量部)/レゾール型フェノール樹脂ワニス(52重量部、固形分換算で34質量部)
繊維状物質 :シリカ繊維(15質量部)
無機質発泡粒子:アルミノシリケート系マイクロバルーン(40質量部)
発泡剤 :マイクロカプセル発泡剤(5.5質量部)
比較例1として、以下の断熱材組成物Cを用いて実施例1と同様に断熱材を作製した。断熱材用組成物Cは、繊維状物質が炭素繊維(第1の繊維状物質)のみ含まれ、それ以外の組成は断熱材用組成物Aと同様とした。
熱硬化性樹脂 :硬化剤入りノボラック型フェノール樹脂(11質量部)/レゾール型フェノール樹脂ワニス(52重量部、固形分換算で34質量部)
繊維状物質 :炭素繊維(15質量部)
無機質発泡粒子:アルミノシリケート系マイクロバルーン(40質量部)
発泡剤 :マイクロカプセル発泡剤(5.5質量部)
比較例2として、以下の断熱材組成物Bを用いて実施例1と同様に断熱材を作製した。断熱材用組成物Bは、実施例2で用いたものと同様に調製した。
2 無機質発泡粒子
3 樹脂層
5 ハニカム構造物
6 空所
7 断熱層
8 他の断熱層
Claims (5)
- 繊維状物質、無機質発泡粒子、熱硬化性樹脂、及び発泡剤を含有する断熱材用組成物であって、
前記繊維状物質として少なくとも、第1の繊維状物質と、前記第1の繊維状物質とは異なる材料からなる第2の繊維状物質と、を含み、
前記第1の繊維状物質の融点が、前記第2の繊維状物質よりも高く、
前記第2の繊維状物質の熱伝導率が、前記第1の繊維状物質よりも低い、
断熱材用組成物。 - 無機質発泡粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂と、発泡剤と、第1の繊維状物質と、前記第1の繊維状物質とは異なる材料からなる第2の繊維状物質と、を少なくとも含有し、
前記第1の繊維状物質の融点が、前記第2の繊維状物質よりも高く、
前記第2の繊維状物質の熱伝導率が、前記第1の繊維状物質よりも低い、
断熱材用組成物Aを、発泡及び硬化させてなる断熱層と、
無機質発泡粒子と、熱硬化性樹脂と、発泡剤と、繊維状物質として前記第2の繊維状物質のみと、を含む断熱材用組成物Bを、発泡及び硬化させてなる他の断熱層と、
を含み、
前記他の断熱層が前記断熱層の裏面側に配置される断熱材。 - 前記断熱層において、
繊維状物質の総量に対する前記第1の繊維状物質の割合が、該断熱層の裏面側から表面側に向けて段階的または連続的に増加する請求項1または請求項2に記載の断熱材。 - 前記断熱材組成物A及び前記断熱材用組成物Bを、ハニカム構造物の空所内で発泡及び硬化させてなる請求項2または請求項3に記載の断熱材。
- 請求項2乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の断熱材を備えた宇宙機。
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JP2012007097A JP6253871B2 (ja) | 2012-01-17 | 2012-01-17 | 断熱材及びそれを備えた宇宙機、並びに断熱材の製造方法 |
US14/369,846 US20140356571A1 (en) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-01-16 | Composition for heat insulator, heat insulator, and spacecraft equipped therewith |
PCT/JP2013/050696 WO2013108796A1 (ja) | 2012-01-17 | 2013-01-16 | 断熱材用組成物、断熱材及びそれを備えた宇宙機 |
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Cited By (3)
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JP2015202701A (ja) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-11-16 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | アブレータ及び再突入機並びにそれらの製造方法 |
JP2017179244A (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 発泡体および発泡体の製造方法 |
JP2020185846A (ja) * | 2019-05-13 | 2020-11-19 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 飛翔体 |
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US9822919B2 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2017-11-21 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Thermal insulation including a cellular matrix |
US10604872B1 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2020-03-31 | United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa | Woven thermal protection system |
JP6661369B2 (ja) | 2015-12-25 | 2020-03-11 | 三菱航空機株式会社 | 航空機の高温ダクトと構造部材との挟入シート、航空機のダクト構造、および航空機 |
CN109749447B (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2021-10-22 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种热分解材料及其制备方法 |
FR3088700B1 (fr) * | 2018-11-20 | 2022-02-11 | Arianegroup Sas | Matériau composite pour la protection thermique d’une pièce structurale |
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JP6253871B2 (ja) | 2017-12-27 |
WO2013108796A1 (ja) | 2013-07-25 |
US20140356571A1 (en) | 2014-12-04 |
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