JP2012530876A - 過給式エンジンを搭載した車両ならびに過給式エンジンを搭載した車両の運転方法 - Google Patents
過給式エンジンを搭載した車両ならびに過給式エンジンを搭載した車両の運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012530876A JP2012530876A JP2012516755A JP2012516755A JP2012530876A JP 2012530876 A JP2012530876 A JP 2012530876A JP 2012516755 A JP2012516755 A JP 2012516755A JP 2012516755 A JP2012516755 A JP 2012516755A JP 2012530876 A JP2012530876 A JP 2012530876A
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- supercharger
- vehicle
- electric machine
- drive train
- clutch device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
- B60L2260/20—Drive modes; Transition between modes
- B60L2260/26—Transition between different drive modes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/43—Engines
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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Abstract
Description
これらに代わるアプローチ手法として、例えば加速時には電動モータによりエンジンが支援されるようにした(電気ブースト機能)各種各様のハイブリッドコンセプトを利用したものも衆目を集めている。もっとも電気ブースト機能については、これを実感できるのは比較的低速であるときだけに限られている。それよりも高速になると、加速効果を実感できるほどに上乗せするために必要となる所要電気出力が、今日の車両に実際に搭載されている電気機械の出力を大幅に超えてしまうのが通例である。高速時にもブースト機能を実感できるようにするためには通例、100kWを超す電気出力が必要である。このため、今日使用に供されている蓄電システムの能力には技術的に限界があることからも、電気による駆動アシストが可能となるのは比較的短時間だけに限られているか、または、限定された出力によるアシストだけしか行えないようになっている。
本発明の出発点は、エンジンと、少なくとも一つの「過給機」と、この過給機にトルクが伝達されるように連結可能な、過給機を駆動するように、もしくは過給機の駆動を支援するように備え付けられた電気機械とを具備した車両である。
この「ドライブトレイン」という概念には、ここでは基本的に、エンジンのクランクシャフトと車両の駆動輪との間のトルク伝達経路に配置される、推進力を伝達する様々なコンポーネントが、それぞれ単体としても、また全体としても含まれている。ほかにも本発明の主意においてはこのドライブトレインという概念に、ドライブトレインへの直接的または間接的な動力伝達ないしはトルク伝達を可能にするクランクシャフトその他の接続要素も含まれている。
‐効果的でしかも効率的な電気式もしくは電気アシスト式「ブースト機能」(エンジンの駆動アシスト)を簡単に具現可能、エンジン応答挙動の最適化
‐ジェネレータ機能および電気「ブースト」機能を具現するためのシステムコスト(コンポーネント点数、コスト、取付け空間)を、電気機械の多重利用により低減
‐複合システムの自由なスケーラビリティ
‐静的または動的走行性能に支障を来さずに燃料消費量を大幅に低減する、駆動系全体のエネルギ面での最適化
‐電気走行機能を簡単に具現可能
以下では、本発明を図面に関連づけて詳しく説明する。
2 内燃機関(エンジン)
3 前輪
4 前輪
5 クランクシャフト
6 第3クラッチ
7 入力/入力軸
8 変速機
9 出力
10 入力
11 終減速装置
12 ドライブシャフト
13 ドライブシャフト
14 後輪
15 後輪
16 低圧ターボチャージャ
17 周囲空気
18 予備圧縮空気
19 高圧過給機
20 過給機軸
21 第1クラッチ
22 電気機械
23 電気エネルギ貯蔵装置
24 ロータ
25 第2クラッチ
26 変速段
EMG モータジェネレータ
Claims (20)
- ‐ 車両のドライブトレイン(7〜13)を駆動するように備え付けられた内燃機関(2)と、
‐ 前記内燃機関(2)に供給される空気の圧力を上昇させるように備え付けられた少なくとも一つの過給機(19)と、
‐ 前記過給機(19)にトルクが伝達されるように連結可能な、もしくは連結されている、前記過給機(19)を駆動するように、もしくは前記過給機(19)の駆動を支援するように備え付けられた電気機械と
を有する車両(1)において、
前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)が、前記電気機械(22)にトルクが伝達されるように連結可能である、もしくは連結されていることを特徴とする、車両。 - 前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)が前記電気機械(22)を介して前記過給機(19)に、トルクが伝達されるように連結可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)が、前記電気機械(22)をバイパスして、前記過給機(19)にトルクが伝達されるように連結可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の車両。
- 前記過給機(19)と前記電気機械(22)との間に、少なくとも切断状態もしくは接続状態をとることができる第1のクラッチ装置(21)が備えられ、その際、前記第1クラッチ装置(21)が前記切断状態にあるときには、前記電気機械(22)が前記第1クラッチ装置(21)により前記過給機(19)から切り離されており、また前記第1クラッチ装置(21)が前記接続状態にあるときには、前記電気機械(22)が前記第1クラッチ装置(21)により前記過給機(19)に連結されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)と前記電気機械(22)との間に、少なくとも切断状態もしくは接続状態をとることができる第2のクラッチ装置(25)が備えられ、その際、前記第2クラッチ装置(25)が前記切断状態にあるときには、前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)が前記第2クラッチ装置(25)により前記電気機械(22)から切り離されており、また前記第2クラッチ装置(25)が前記接続状態にあるときには、前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)が前記第2クラッチ装置(25)により前記電気機械(22)に連結されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)と前記電気機械(22)との間に変速装置(26)が配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記変速装置(26)がチェーンドライブおよび/またはベルトドライブおよび/または少なくとも一つの歯車段を有することを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の車両。
- 前記少なくとも一つの過給機(19)が、スーパーチャージャ、特にコンプレッサとして製作されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記少なくとも一つの過給機(19)が、ターボチャージャとして製作されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 少なくとも一つの過給機(19)が、流れ圧縮機として製作されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記少なくとも一つの過給機(19)が第2の過給機であり、さらにそれに追加して、同様に前記内燃機関(2)により吸入される空気の圧力を上昇させるように備えられる第1の過給機(16)が設けられることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10に記載の車両。
- 前記第2過給機(19)が、前記吸入空気の圧力を、前記第1過給機(16)により発生された第1の圧力レベルから、それよりも一段と高い第2の圧力レベルに上昇させる高圧過給機であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の車両。
- 前記第1過給機(16)がターボチャージャであることを特徴とする、請求項11または12に記載の車両。
- 前記吸入空気の流れの向きで前記第1過給機の下流側に、前記吸入空気の少なくとも一部が前記第2過給機をバイパス可能であるように、バイパスが配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記内燃機関(2)が第3のクラッチ装置(6)により前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)の前記内燃機関とは反対側の部分に連結可能であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記第1クラッチ装置および/または第2クラッチ装置および/または第3クラッチ装置が電磁クラッチであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 前記電気機械との電気接続部にさらに、電気エネルギを貯蔵するための電気エネルギ貯蔵装置(22)が配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の車両。
- 少なくとも一つの過給機(19)から空気が送り込まれる内燃機関(2)によりドライブトレイン(7〜13)を介して駆動される車両(1)の運転方法であって、前記過給機(19)を、少なくとも前記車両(1)の第1の運転状態の間、特に前記車両の加速の間は、電気機械(22)により駆動する、方法において、
少なくとも前記車両(1)の第2の運転状態の間、特に前記車両の惰行運転および/または制動運転の間は、前記電気機械(22)を前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)にトルクが伝達されるように連結して、前記第2の運転状態の少なくとも一部の時間にわたり、前記電気機械をジェネレータモードで作動させることを特徴とする、方法。 - 少なくとも前記車両の第3の運転状態の間、特に前記内燃機関のエンジン回転数が低い状態で前記車両が定速走行する間は、前記過給機(19)を前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)にトルクが伝達されるように連結して、前記電気機械(22)により、または前記電気機械(22)をバイパスして、前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)により、機械的に駆動することを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記車両の第4の運転状態の間、特に定速走行および/または加速の間は、前記電気機械(22)を前記車両(1)の前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)にトルクが伝達されるように連結して、前記ドライブトレイン(7〜13)を、少なくとも前記第4の運転状態の一部の時間にわたり、前記電気機械(22)だけにより、または前記電気機械(22)により支援して駆動することを特徴とする、請求項18または19に記載の方法。
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JP2024031917A (ja) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-03-07 | フェラーリ エッセ.ピー.アー. | 過給内燃エンジンを備える自動車 |
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CN105283645A (zh) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-01-27 | 捷豹路虎有限公司 | 增压器组件 |
JP2016527428A (ja) * | 2013-06-14 | 2016-09-08 | ジャガー ランド ローバー リミテッドJaguar Land Rover Limited | 過給機装置 |
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WO2015162834A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-22 | 2015-10-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 車両用駆動装置 |
JPWO2015162834A1 (ja) * | 2014-04-22 | 2017-04-13 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 車両用駆動装置 |
US9776625B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2017-10-03 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Vehicle drive device |
JP7431065B2 (ja) | 2020-03-10 | 2024-02-14 | カワサキモータース株式会社 | 電動過給機付き乗物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2456629A1 (de) | 2012-05-30 |
DE102009034510A1 (de) | 2011-04-14 |
US8959912B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
US20120137681A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
EP2456629B1 (de) | 2017-03-29 |
WO2011009693A1 (de) | 2011-01-27 |
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