JP2012025985A - アンモニアの合成方法 - Google Patents
アンモニアの合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012025985A JP2012025985A JP2010163537A JP2010163537A JP2012025985A JP 2012025985 A JP2012025985 A JP 2012025985A JP 2010163537 A JP2010163537 A JP 2010163537A JP 2010163537 A JP2010163537 A JP 2010163537A JP 2012025985 A JP2012025985 A JP 2012025985A
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 nitrogen anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003071 TaON Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001615 alkaline earth metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010349 cathodic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPNMHHNXCILFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [F].[Sn]=O Chemical compound [F].[Sn]=O NPNMHHNXCILFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
- C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
- C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
- C01C1/0411—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/50—Processes
- C25B1/55—Photoelectrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 アンモニアの合成方法は、電解質相に、陽極と陰極とが所定間隔をおいて配置され、陽極ゾーンには、水(H2O)が供給されるとともに、光が照射されて、光吸収反応により水が分解して、プロトン(H+)、電子(e−)および酸素ガス(O2)が形成され、陰極ゾーンには、窒素ガス(N2)が供給され、陽極ゾーンで生じた電子(e−)が、リード線を介して陰極ゾーンに移行せしめられて、陰極ゾーンにおいてN3−が形成され、陽極ゾーンから電解質相内を陰極ゾーン側に移動してきたプロトン(H+)と、N3−との反応により、アンモニア(NH3)が合成される。
【選択図】 図1
Description
(1)電解浴である溶融塩に微細化された水蒸気とN3−とを供給することによってアンモニアを合成する装置であり、
(2)溶融塩にガス成分を供給し、ガス成分を含む溶融塩の上昇流によって溶融塩を撹拌する手段と、
(3)水蒸気の反応によって生じるO2−を酸化して酸素ガスを発生させる陽極と、
(4)窒素ガスを還元してN3−を発生させる陰極とを
有することを特徴とするものである。
陰極反応:N2+6e− → 2N3−
:N3−+3H+→NH3
本発明のアンモニアの合成方法によれば、水素ガスを用いることなくアンモニアの合成が可能であり、従来の水素源としての天然ガス等の化石燃料を使用しないため、化石燃料の高騰によるアンモニア製造コストの上昇や、炭酸ガス(CO2)排出による環境負荷がなく、しかも常温・常圧での合成であるため、エネルギー消費や設備規模が小さくてすみ、経済性に優れている。
まず、電解質相の電解質には、0.002Nの硫酸(H2SO4)水溶液を用いた。陽極は、基板にインジウム錫酸化物(ITO)を用い、光触媒として可視光応答型光触媒であるTaONを、ITO基板に塗布して担持した。また、陰極には、Ni多孔体を用いた。
陰極反応:N2+6e− → 2N3−
:N3−+3H+→NH3
この結果、アンモニア合成反応開始前の硫酸水溶液よりなる電解質相のイオン伝導度は、0.84mS/cmであるのに対し、アンモニア合成反応後の硫酸水溶液電解質相のイオン伝導度は、0.50mS/cmに低下しており、アンモニアが生成していることが確認された。
Claims (3)
- 電解質相に、陽極と陰極とが所定間隔をおいて配置され、陽極ゾーンには、水(H2O)が供給されるとともに、光が照射されて、光吸収反応により水が分解して、プロトン(H+)、電子(e−)および酸素ガス(O2)が形成され、陰極ゾーンには、窒素ガス(N2)が供給され、陽極ゾーンで生じた電子(e−)が、リード線を介して陰極ゾーンに移行せしめられて、陰極ゾーンにおいてN3−が形成され、陽極ゾーンから電解質相内を陰極ゾーン側に移動してきたプロトン(H+)と、N3−との反応により、アンモニア(NH3)が合成されることを特徴とする、アンモニアの合成方法。
- 陽極に光触媒が具備されており、陽極ゾーンに光が照射されて、光触媒反応により水が分解して、プロトン、電子および酸素ガスが形成されるようになされていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のアンモニアの合成方法。
- 陽極ゾーンに照射される光が、太陽光、または光照射ランプより照射される可視光であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のアンモニアの合成方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010163537A JP5604204B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | アンモニアの合成方法 |
US13/809,677 US8801915B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2011-06-03 | Method for synthesizing ammonia |
PCT/JP2011/062790 WO2012011324A1 (ja) | 2010-07-21 | 2011-06-03 | アンモニアの合成方法 |
AU2011280799A AU2011280799B2 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2011-06-03 | Method for synthesizing ammonia |
CN201180035396.8A CN103108994B (zh) | 2010-07-21 | 2011-06-03 | 氨的合成方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010163537A JP5604204B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | アンモニアの合成方法 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2012025985A true JP2012025985A (ja) | 2012-02-09 |
JP2012025985A5 JP2012025985A5 (ja) | 2013-08-01 |
JP5604204B2 JP5604204B2 (ja) | 2014-10-08 |
Family
ID=45496753
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2010163537A Expired - Fee Related JP5604204B2 (ja) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-07-21 | アンモニアの合成方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8801915B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5604204B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103108994B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011280799B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012011324A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015120118A (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 株式会社デンソー | アンモニア合成触媒 |
JP2015147707A (ja) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | アンモニア発生装置及びアンモニア発生方法 |
WO2017149718A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-09-08 | 日揮株式会社 | アンモニアの製造方法 |
JP2019502019A (ja) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-01-24 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトSiemens Aktiengesellschaft | 電気化学セルおよび方法 |
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US20160160312A1 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-09 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydrometallurgical System and Process Using an Ion Transport Membrane |
CN104630811B (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2017-03-08 | 王海斌 | 一种电解制氨装置 |
CN106082270B (zh) * | 2016-06-08 | 2018-02-06 | 南京科技职业学院 | 一种光催化合成氨的方法 |
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WO2019020378A1 (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF AMMONIA SYNTHESIS GAS |
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US11885029B2 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2024-01-30 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Systems and methods for forming nitrogen-based compounds |
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CN114672823A (zh) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-06-28 | 西安交通大学 | 基于高-低频声波组合的光电催化合成氨反应器及方法 |
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- 2011-06-03 WO PCT/JP2011/062790 patent/WO2012011324A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-06-03 US US13/809,677 patent/US8801915B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-06-03 AU AU2011280799A patent/AU2011280799B2/en not_active Ceased
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JP2015120118A (ja) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-07-02 | 株式会社デンソー | アンモニア合成触媒 |
JP2015147707A (ja) * | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-20 | 国立大学法人北海道大学 | アンモニア発生装置及びアンモニア発生方法 |
JP2019502019A (ja) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-01-24 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフトSiemens Aktiengesellschaft | 電気化学セルおよび方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8801915B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 |
WO2012011324A1 (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
AU2011280799A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
CN103108994A (zh) | 2013-05-15 |
US20130112568A1 (en) | 2013-05-09 |
CN103108994B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
AU2011280799B2 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
JP5604204B2 (ja) | 2014-10-08 |
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