JP2012017473A - 抗菌コポリマーおよびその使用 - Google Patents
抗菌コポリマーおよびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012017473A JP2012017473A JP2011232258A JP2011232258A JP2012017473A JP 2012017473 A JP2012017473 A JP 2012017473A JP 2011232258 A JP2011232258 A JP 2011232258A JP 2011232258 A JP2011232258 A JP 2011232258A JP 2012017473 A JP2012017473 A JP 2012017473A
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は上記コポリマー類の組成物および上記コポリマー類の製法も開示する。本発明は、微生物感染の処置を必要とする動物を処置する方法であって、上記動物に式IIIのコポリマーおよび薬学的に受容可能な担体または希釈剤を含む医薬組成物の有効量を投与することを含む方法にも関連する。
【選択図】なし
Description
(発明の分野)
本発明は抗菌活性をあらわす両親媒性ランダムコポリマー類に関するものである。上記コポリマー類は多くの薬物学的および非薬物学的用途において抗菌剤として有用である。
ホスト防御ペプチドはホストを細菌感染から防御する特殊な機能を有するペプチドの一クラスである(非特許文献1)。これらの化合物は植物、昆虫、虫および哺乳動物を含む多くの種を微生物から防御する防御の第一線に相当する。(非特許文献2;非特許文献3)。哺乳動物において、上記ペプチド類は皮膚、粘膜表面および好中球によって産生、分泌される。天然のホスト防御ペプチドには多くの異なる種類があるが(非特許文献4;非特許文献5;非特許文献6;非特許文献7;非特許文献8;非特許文献9;非特許文献10;非特許文献11;非特許文献12;非特許文献13)、大部分は20−40アミノ酸残基を含み、両親媒性二次構造をとるのが普通である。
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本発明はランダムコポリマー類およびそれらの使用法、例えば薬物学的および非薬物学的用途における抗菌剤としての上記コポリマーの使用法などを提供する。本発明は上記コポリマー類の組成物および上記コポリマー類の製法も開示する。
−[CH2−C(R1)(B1)]n− I
および式(II)のモノマー単位:
−[CH2−C(R2)(D2)]m− II
を有するランダムコポリマー類、またはそれらの受容可能な塩または溶媒和物に関連する:その際上記コポリマー類は重合度約5〜約50を有し、連鎖移動剤Aを使用してコポリマーの重合度を調節し;R1、B1、R2、D2、mおよびnは以下に定義されるものである。
A−(B)n1−(D)m1−H III
または受容可能なその塩または溶媒和物にも関連する。その際上記コポリマーはBおよびDモノマーのランダムコポリマーであり;上記コポリマーは約5〜約50の重合度を有し;A、Bn1およびDm1は以下に定義されるものである。
例えば、本発明は以下を提供する:
(項目1)
式III:
A−(B) n1 −(D) m1 −H III
のランダムコポリマー、またはその受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物であって、上記式中:
Aは連鎖移動剤の残基であり;
Bは−[CH 2 −C(R 11 )(B 11 )]−であり、ここでB 11 は−X 11 −Y 11 −Z 11 であり、
X 11 はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはX 11 は存在せず;
Y 11 はO、NHまた任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはY 11 は存在せず;
Z 11 は−Z 11A −Z 11B であり、ここで:
Z 11A はアルキレン、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンであり、そのいずれかは任意に置換されており;またはZ 11A は存在せず;
Z 11B は−グアニジノ、−アミジノ、−N(R 3 )(R 4 )または−N + (R 3 )(R 4 )(R 5 )であり、ここでR 3 、R 4 およびR 5 は独立的に水素、アルキル、アミノアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、またはアラルキルであり;または
Z 11 はピリジニウム
ここで、R 81 、R 911 、R 921 、およびR 931 は独立的に水素またはアルキルであり;
Dは−[CH 2 −C(R 21 )(D 21 )]−であり、ここでD 21 は−X 21 −Y 21 −Z 21 であり、
X 21 はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはX 21 は存在せず;
Y 21 はO、NHまたは任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか、またはY 21 は存在せず;
Z 21 はアルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、またはアラルキルであり、そのいずれかは任意に置換されており;
R 11 およびR 21 は独立的に水素またはC 1−4 アルキルであり;
Dモノマーのモル分率、m 1、 は約0.1〜約0.9であり;
Bモノマーのモル分率、n 1 、は1−m 1 である;
該コポリマーはBおよびDモノマーのランダムコポリマーであり、
該コポリマーは約5〜約50の重合度を有する、
ランダムコポリマーまたはその受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物。
(項目2)
AがC 1−4 アルコキシカルボニル(C 1−4 )アルキルチオである、項目1に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目3)
項目2に記載のランダムコポリマーであって、
X 11 およびX 21 がカルボニルであり;
Y 11 およびY 21 がOであり;
Z 11 が−Z 11A −Z 11B であり、ここでZ 11A はC 1−4 アルキルまたはアリールで任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであり;Z 11B は−N(R 31 )(R 41 )または−N + (R 31 )(R 41 )(R 51 )であり、ここでR 31 、R 41 およびR 51 は独立的に水素、C 1−4 アルキル、アミノ(C 1−4 )アルキル、C 1−6 アリール、またはC 1−6 アラ(C 1−4 )アルキルであり;
Z 21 はC 1−6 アルキル、C 1−6 アリール、またはC 1−6 アラ(C 1−4 )アルキルであり;
R 11 およびR 21 は独立的に水素またはメチルであり;
該コポリマーは約5〜約25の重合度を有する、
ランダムコポリマー。
(項目4)
Z 11A がメチルまたはエチルで任意に置換されたC 1−4 アルキレンであり;R 31 、R 41 およびR 51 が独立的に水素またはメチルである、項目3に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目5)
項目2に記載のランダムコポリマーであって、
Z 11 がピリジニウム
(項目6)
項目2に記載のランダムコポリマーであって、
X 21 がカルボニルまたは任意に置換されたC 1−4 アルキレンであり;
Y 21 がOまたはNHであり;
Z 21 がC 1−6 アルキル、C 1−6 アリール、またはC 1−6 アラ(C 1−4 )アルキルである、ランダムコポリマー。
(項目7)
Z 21 がメチル、エチル、n−ブチル、イソブチル、ヘキシル、またはベンジルである、項目6に記載のコポリマー。
(項目8)
m 1 が約0.35〜約0.60である、項目1に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目9)
重合度(DP)が約5〜約10である、項目1に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目10)
項目1に記載のランダムコポリマーであって、
該ランダムコポリマーが式IIIa
R 1a およびR 2a は独立的に水素またはメチルであり;
R 3a 、R 4a およびR 5a は独立的に水素またはC 1−4 アルキルであり;
R 6a はC 1−4 アルキルであり;
R 7a はC 1−10 アルキル、C 1−6 アリール、またはC 1−6 アラ(C 1−4 )アルキルであり;
p 1a は1〜4であり;
p 2a は1〜6であり;
m a は約0.35〜約0.55であり;n a は1−m a であり;
該コポリマーは約5〜約25の重合度を有する、
ランダムコポリマー。
(項目11)
R 1a およびR 2a が独立的にメチルであり;
R 3a 、R 4a およびR 5a が独立的に水素またはメチルであり;
R 6a がメチルまたはエチルであり;
R 7a がC 1−4 アルキル、例えばメチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルであり、
p 1a が1または2であり;
p 2a が1、2または3であり;
m a が約0.35〜約0.55であり;n a が1−m a である、
項目10に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目12)
前記ランダムコポリマーが、式IIIb
m b は約0.45〜約0.55であり;n b は1−m b であり;および
重合度が約5〜約10である、
項目10に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目13)
前記ランダムコポリマーが式IIIc
m c は約0.35〜約0.45であり;n c は1−m c であり;および
重合度が約5〜約10である、
項目10に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目14)
前記ランダムコポリマーが式IIId
m d は約0.45〜約0.55であり;n d は1−m d であり;および
重合度は約5〜約10である、
項目10に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目15)
前記ランダムコポリマーが式IIIe
m e は約0.50〜約0.60であり;n e は1−m e であり;
重合度は約5〜約10である、
項目10に記載のランダムコポリマー。
(項目16)
項目1のランダムコポリマーと薬学的に受容可能な担体または希釈剤とを含む、医薬組成物。
(項目17)
微生物感染の処置を必要とする動物における該微生物感染を処置する方法であって、該方法は、該動物に項目16の医薬組成物の有効量を投与する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目18)
前記微生物感染が口腔感染である、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目19)
前記微生物感染が細菌感染、真菌感染またはウィルス感染である、項目17に記載の方法。
(項目20)
微生物を死滅させるか、またはその増殖を阻止する方法であって、該微生物と項目1のランダムコポリマーの有効量とを接触させる工程を包含する、方法。
(項目21)
前記微生物が細菌細胞、真菌、またはウィルスである、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目22)
前記ランダムコポリマーが基質上に存在する、項目20に記載の方法。
(項目23)
前記ランダムコポリマーが前記基質に共有結合する、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目24)
前記基質が木材、合成ポリマー類、天然繊維類、合成繊維類、布、紙、ゴムおよびガラスからなる群より選択される、項目22に記載の方法。
(項目25)
項目1のコポリマーと、塗料、ラッカー、コーティング、ワニス、コーキング材、グラウト、接着剤、樹脂、フィルム、化粧品、石鹸、ローション、ハンドウォッシュおよび洗剤からなる群より選択される組成物とを含む、抗菌組成物。
(項目26)
動物において、低分子量のヘパリン過剰投与に対する解毒剤を提供する方法であって、該動物に項目16の医薬組成物を投与する工程を包含する、方法。
(項目27)
式Iのモノマー単位と式IIのモノマー単位とを有するランダムコポリマー、またはその受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物であって、
ここで、式Iは、
−[CH 2 −C(R 1 )(B 1 )] n − I
であり、ここで、
R 1 は水素またはC 1−4 アルキルであり;
B 1 は−X 1 −Y 1 −Z 1 であり;ここで:
X 1 はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはX 1 は存在せず;
Y 1 はO、NH、または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはY 1 は存在せず;
Z 1 は−Z 1A −Z 1B であり、ここで:
Z 1A はアルキレン、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンであり、そのいずれかは任意に置換されており;またはZ 1A は存在しない;
Z 1B は−グアニジノ、−アミジノ、−N(R 3 )(R 4 )または−N + (R 3 )(R 4 )(R 5 )であり、ここで、R 3 、R 4 およびR 5 は独立的に水素、アルキル、アミノアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、またはアラルキルであり;または
Z 1 はピリジニウム
nは1−mであり、ここでmは以下に定義され、
ここで、式IIは
−[CH 2 −C(R 2 )(D 2 )] m − II
であり、ここで、
R 2 は水素またはC 1−4 アルキルであり;
D 2 は−X 2 −Y 2 −Z 2 であり;式中:
X 2 はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはX 2 は存在せず;
Y 2 はO、NH、または任意に置換されたC 1−6 アルキレンであるか;またはY 2 は存在せず;
Z 2 はアルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、またはアラルキルであり、そのいずれかは任意に置換されており;
mは約0.1〜約0.9であり;
該コポリマーは約5〜約50の重合度を有し、連鎖移動剤Aの使用によって該ランダムコポリマーの重合度が調節される、
ランダムコポリマーまたはその受容可能な塩もしくは溶媒和物。
(項目28)
前記連鎖移動剤Aが
(項目29)
前記連鎖移動剤Aが
−[CH2−C(R1)(B1)]n− I
および式(II)のモノマー単位:
−[CH2−C(R2)(D2)]m− II
を有するランダムコポリマー類を含み
上記式中、B1、D2、R1、R2、nおよびmは以下に定義されるものである。
A−(B)n1−(D)m1−H III
上記式中、Bは−[CH2−C(R11)(B11)]−として定義され、Dは−[CH2−C(R21)(D21)]−として定義され、A、B11、D21、R11、R21、n1およびm1は以下に定義されるものである。
−[CH2−C(R1)(B1)]n− I
上記式中:
R1は水素またはC1−4アルキルであり;
B1は−X1−Y1−Z1であり、ここで:
X1はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはX1は存在せず;
Y1はO、NH、または任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはY1は存在せず;
Z1は−Z1A−Z1Bであり、ここで:
Z1Aはアルキレン、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンであり、そのいずれも任意に置換され;またはZ1Aは存在せず;
Z1Bは−グアニジノ、−アミジノ、−N(R3)(R4)または−N+(R3)(R4)(R5)であり、ここでR3、R4、R5は独立的に水素、アルキル、アミノアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、またはアラルキルであり;または
Z1はピリジウム
nは1−mであり、mは下に定義されるものである;
および式IIのモノマー単位:
−[CH2−C(R2)(D2)]m− II
または受容可能なその塩または溶媒和物を有し、
上記式中:
R2は水素またはC1−4アルキルであり;
D2は−X2−Y2−Z2であり、ここで
X2はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか、またはX2は存在せず;
Y2はO、NHまたは任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはY2は存在せず;
Z2はアルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリール、またはアラルキルであり、そのいずれも任意に置換され;
mは約0.1から約0.9までであり;
上記コポリマーは約5〜約50の重合度を有する。
X1およびX2はカルボニルであり;
Y1およびY2はOであり;
Z1はZ1A−Z1Bであり、ここでZ1Aは任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであり、Z1Bは−N(R3)(R4)または−N+(R3)(R4)(R5)であり、R3、R4、およびR5は独立的に水素、C1−4アルキル、アミノ(C1−4)アルキル、またはC1−6アラ(C1−4)アルキルであり;
Z2はC1−6アルキル、C1−6アリール、またはC1−6アラ(C1−4)アルキルであり;
R1およびR2は独立的に水素またはメチルである
上記コポリマー類を含む。
X1およびX2はカルボニルであり;
Y1およびY2はOであり;
Z1は−(CH2)pN(R3)(R4)または−(CH2)pN+(R3)(R4)(R5)であり、R3、R4およびR5は独立的に水素、C1−4アルキル、アミノ(C1−4)アルキル、C1−6アリール、またはC1−6アラ(C1−4)アルキルであり;pは0〜10であり;−(CH2)p−は任意に置換され;
Z2はC1−6アルキル、C1−6アリールまたはC1−6アラ(C1−4)アルキルであり;
R1およびR2は独立的に水素またはメチルである
上記コポリマー類を含む。
A−(B)n1−(D)m1−H III
または受容可能なその塩または溶媒和物である。上記式中、
Aは連鎖移動剤の残基であり;
Bは[CH2−C(R11)(B11)]−であり、ここでB11は−X11−Y11−Z11である、
X11はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはX11は存在せず;
Y11はO、NHまたは任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはY11は存在せず;
Z11は−Z11A−Z11Bであり、ここで:
Z11Aはアルキレン、アリーレン、またはヘテロアリーレンであり、これらのいずれも任意に置換されており;またはZ11Aは存在せず;
Z11Bは−グアニジノ、−アミジノ、−N(R3)(R4)、または−N+(R3)(R4)(R5)であり、R3、R4およびR5は独立的に水素、アルキル、アミノアルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、複素環、またはアラルキルであり;または
Z11はピリジニウム
Dは−[CH2−C(R21)(D21)]−であり、ここでD21は−X21−Y21−Z21であり、
X21はカルボニル(−C(=O)−)または任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか;またはX21は存在せず;
Y21はO、NHまたは任意に置換されたC1−6アルキレンであるか、またはY21は存在せず;
Z21はアルキル、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールまたはアラルキルであり、そのいずれも任意に置換され;
R11およびR21は独立的に水素またはC1−4アルキルであり;
Dモノマーのモル分率、m1、は約0.1〜約0.9であり;
Bモノマーのモル分率、n1、は1−m1である;
上記コポリマーはBおよびDモノマーのランダムコポリマーであり、上記コポリマーは約5〜約50の重合度を有する。
上記式中、
R1aおよびR2aは独立的に水素またはメチル;
R3a、R4aおよびR5aは独立的に水素またはC1−4アルキル;
R6aはC1−4アルキル;
R7aはC1−10アルキル、C1−6アリール、またはC1−6アラ(C1−4)アルキル;
p1aは1〜4;
p2aは1〜6;および
maは約0.35〜約0.55;およびnaは1−maであり;
上記コポリマーは約5〜約25の重合度を有する。
R1aおよびR2aは独立的にメチルであり;
R3a、R4aおよびR5aは独立的に水素またはメチルであり;
R6aはメチルまたはエチルであり;
R7aはC1−4アルキル、例えばメチル、エチル、プロピルまたはブチルであり;
p1aは1または2であり;
p2aは1、2または3であり;
maは約0.35〜約0.55;naは1−maであり;
重合度は約5〜約25、約5〜約10、約5〜約15または約5〜約10であるものである。
(ポリメタクリレート・ランダムコポリマー類の合成および特徴づけ)
ポリメタクリレート・ランダムコポリマー類の系列を遊離基重合法を用いて合成し、in vitroアッセイを用いてその抗菌活性を試験した。カチオン性および疎水性基はラジカル重合合成中、上記ポリマーに沿ってランダムに分布し、下記の一般構造を有するランダムコポリマーを生成した:
機器:1H NMRスペクトルはVarian Unity500 NMRスペクトロメータで得た。ゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)測定は直列に連結した2本のカラム(PLゲル、5μm、mixed−C、Polymer laboratories)および屈折率検出器を用いて室温で行われた。溶出液としてTHFを使用した。ポリマーの分子量(MnおよびMw)は単分散ポリスチレン標準を使用した較正に基づいて計算した。
連鎖移動剤を使用するポリメタクリレートポリマー類の合成
上記ポリマー類の分子量はラジカル重合中に連鎖移動剤(CTA)よって調節された。種々のCTA濃度における重合度を確認するために、連鎖移動剤(CTA)メチル3−メルカプトプロピオネートの存在下でアゾビスブチロニトリル(AIBN)ラジカル開始剤を用い、Boc−保護アミンモノマー1をn−ブチルメタクリレートで重合すると、Boc−保護ポリマー2が得られた(スキーム2)。
CTAとしてのチオールの存在下でモノマー1を、異なる疎水性基を担うコモノマー4で重合した(スキーム3)。
(実施例2)
(ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー系列の抗菌活性)
上の実施例1およびスキーム3に記載したように下記の一般構造を有するポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの5系列を合成し、抗菌活性を試験した。
(結果:E.coliの場合のMIC(μg/mL)(インキュベーション時間:18時間))
c)13%ブチル基
d)市販;酢酸エチルから再結晶。
(実施例3)
(n−ブチルメタクリレートランダムコポリマー類の合成および特徴づけ)
3系列のn−ブチルメタクリレート・ランダムコポリマーを遊離基重合法を用いて連鎖移動剤の存在下で製造し、下のスキーム4および実施例1に記載される方法、およびKuroda et al.J.Am.Chem.Soc.127:4128−4129(2005)らの方法(http://pubs.acs.org.に補助情報あり)によって特徴づけた。補助情報を含むKuroda et al.J.Am.Chem.Soc.127:4128−4129(2005)の全内容は参考としてそのまま本明細書に組み込まれる。
Boc−保護アミンモノマー1をスキーム3に記載のように連鎖移動剤(CTA)メチル3−メルカプトプロピオネートの存在下でn−ブチルメタクリレート・モノマー7で重合した。CTAを使用して生成ポリマーの重合度を、したがって分子量を調節した。モノマー類およびCTAの供給比を変えることによって、異なるモノマー組成および分子量を有するn−ブチルメタクリレート・ランダムコポリマー(コポリマー8)の3系列が生成した。1HNMR分析により平均モノマー組成および重合度(DP)が決定された。分子量(数平均)は1HNMR分析によって測定したDP値から計算した。ジエチルエーテル中でboc−保護コポリマーを沈殿するとコポリマー9が得られた。低分子量のコポリマー類は沈殿しにくいことを利用してサイズ排除クロマトグラフィー(メタノール中SephadexLH−20)によって低分子量コポリマーを精製した。
(両親媒性ポリメタクリレート誘導体類の合成法:ポリマー系列1および2)
(表5−1.ポリマー系列1の特徴づけa)
b 重合中のモノマーの総量に対するブチルメタクリレートのパーセンテージ
ポリマー類の分子量をモノマー類およびMMPの分子量と共にMPBuおよびDPのデータを用いて計算し、MPBuの関数として図S−1にプロットした。
Multiskan Spectrumを使用してOD595で検出し、ポリマーおよびE.coliのないMHブロスのそれと比較した。全てのアッセイは同じアッセイプレートにおいて3回づつ行われた。MICは、3回の測定のうち少なくとも2サンプルにおいて細菌増殖を完全に阻止する最低ポリマー濃度と定義された。本論文に報告されたMICは異なる日に別々に調製された細胞培養物で行われた独立的な4実験の平均値である。
全血を遠心分離し、血漿および白血球を除去することによって、新鮮ヒト赤血球(RBCs)を得た。そのRBCs(1mL)を9mLのTBS緩衝液(10mLトリス緩衝液、pH=7.0、150mMNaCl)で希釈し、この懸濁液をファクター40でさらに希釈し、RBCストック懸濁液(0.25%血球)を得た。このRBCストック(120μL)、TBS緩衝液(15μL)およびポリマーストック溶液(15μL)(または対照溶液)を200μL遠心分離管に加え、37℃で1時間インキュベートした。上記管を4,000ppmで5分間遠心分離した。上澄液(30μL)をTBS緩衝液(100μL)で希釈し、溶液のOD414をヘモグロビン濃度として測定した。陽性対照としてメリチンを用い、100%溶血の基準として最も濃いサンプル(100μg/mL)を用いた。ポリマーを含まず、漸減量のDMSOを含む対照溶液を0%溶血の基準として用いた。溶血パーセント(P)を次の等式から計算した:
P=[OD414(ポリマー)−OD414(対照)]/[OD414(メリチン)−OD414(対照)]
HC50は50%溶血時のポリマー濃度として得られ、それは下記の等式と一致する曲線によって推定された:
P(Cp)=100/[1+(K/Cp)n]
上記式中、P(Cp)およびKは所定のポリマー濃度(Cp)およびHC50それぞれの溶血曲線である。Kおよびnは一致する曲線における可変パラメータである。HC50は異なる日に独立的に行われた3実験の平均値として報告される。Liu,D.,およびDeGrado,W.F.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.123:7553−7559(2001)およびKuroda,K.,and DeGrado,W.F.,J.Am.Chem.Soc.127:4128−4129(2005))も参照されたい。
(ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの4系列の抗菌性および溶血性活性)
ランダムコポリマー類の下記の4組を合成し、抗菌性および溶血性活性を試験した:
(第三および第四アミン基を有するカチオン性ランダムコポリマーの合成および特徴づけ)
第三または第四アミン基を有するポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの2系列を下記のように合成し、上の実施例1および3に記載したように抗菌活性を試験した。
(カチオン性ランダムコポリマーP−DMAおよびP−Qの合成)
P−DMAの合成:N−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレートおよびエチルメタクリレート(合計3.18mmol)をAIBN(5.2mg,31.8μmol)および連鎖移動剤メチル3−メルカプトプロピオネート(MMP)(0.115mL、103μmol)と混合し、Arで2分間パージした。反応混合物を70℃で一晩撹拌した。生成したポリマー類をメタノールで希釈し、セファデックスLH−20(Amersham Pharmacia Biotec AB)および溶出液としてのメタノールを使用するカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製し、未反応のMMPおよびモノマー類を除去した。上記ポリマー類ではエチル基(X)のモルパーセントは実施例1に記載のように、1HNMRスペクトル(CDCl3)におけるモノマー側鎖のメチレンプロトンからのシグナルおよびポリマー主鎖のメチルプロトンからのシグナルの積分比を使用して計算した。重合度(DP)は上記ポリマー末端におけるMMPのメチルプロトンからのシグナルに対する上記側鎖のメチレンシグナルからのシグナルの積分によって決定した。
(ポリウレタンフィルムに埋め込まれたポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの抗菌活性)
ポリウレタンフィルムに挿入後のポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー類の抗菌活性の残留を試験する。実施例2のポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの5系列のうちの1つについて、上記コポリマーをポリウレタンフィルムシートに挿入した後の抗菌活性の残留を試験する。
(ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー類の抗ウィルス活性)
本発明の1種類以上のコポリマー(例えば実施例2の最低分子量のヘキシルメタクリレートコポリマー(MW約2,000−1,000;疎水性モルパーセント=40%))を上記のように合成し、細胞培養中のHIV複製を阻止する能力を試験する。2種類のウィルスを上記感染アッセイに使用する:NLHXまたはYU2(これらはコーリセプタとしてそれぞれCXCR4またはCCR5を使用する)。U87/CD4/CCR5またはU87/CD4/CXCR4細胞を感染の前日に3×104細胞/ウェルの割合で48ウェルプレートに接種した。培養上澄液を細胞から除去し、シュードタイプ・ルシフェラーゼリポータウィルス単独、またはシュードタイプ・ルシフェラーゼリポータウィルスおよび指示された最終濃度のコポリマーで置き代える。ウィルスおよび化合物を感染の約16時間後に細胞から除去し、それらの細胞を洗い、その後培養培地を再び満たした。細胞を溶解し、感染3日後にルシフェラーゼを分析試験する。結果を、コポリマー不在時に認められたルシフェラーゼ活性のパーセントとして示す。
(ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマーの抗菌活性)
数種類の真菌属について本発明の1組のポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー(例えば実施例2の最低分子量ブチルメタクリレートコポリマー類(MW約2,000−1,000;;疎水性モルパーセント=50パーセント))に対するそれらの感受性を試験する。非繊維状(酵母)および繊維状真菌両方共試験し、種々のタイプのヒト感染と関連する特異的真菌を選び、スクリーニングした(表8)。1種類以上のコポリマーの抗真菌活性を試験する。抗真菌アッセイは、増殖を完全に阻止する最小阻止濃度(MIC100)を決定するために行われた。全増殖アッセイは総計1ml容量で行われ、増殖は濁り度測定によって評価される。その他の抗真菌アッセイは表9に記載される。
(ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー類の、低分子量のヘパリンの抗凝固作用を阻止する能力)
本発明の両親媒性ポリメタクリレートランダムコポリマー類(例えば実施例2の最低分子量ブチルメタクリレートコポリマー(MW約2,000−1,000;疎水性モルパーセント=50%))を幾つか合成し、それらがヘパリン抗凝固作用を阻止する能力を試験する。ヘパリン中和活性は、それらコポリマーの疎水性よりもそれらコポリマーの電荷および電荷分布特性に大きく依存すると考えられる。
Corporationから得られる燐脂質血小板代用物)(0.1mL)を上記血漿サンプルに加える。混合物を37℃で約5分間インキュベートする。あらかじめ37℃に温めた25mM塩化カルシウム溶液をこの混合物に加え(0.1mL)、フィブロメータを用いて凝固時間を記録する。
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JP2016017130A (ja) * | 2014-07-08 | 2016-02-01 | 互応化学工業株式会社 | 細菌付着抑制性樹脂 |
WO2022219944A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 抗コロナウイルス剤 |
JP7627445B2 (ja) | 2021-04-16 | 2025-02-06 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 抗コロナウイルス剤 |
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US20060024264A1 (en) | 2006-02-02 |
JP5027659B2 (ja) | 2012-09-19 |
KR101389695B1 (ko) | 2014-04-29 |
EP1771183B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
AU2005332637A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
EP1771183A2 (en) | 2007-04-11 |
TW200621268A (en) | 2006-07-01 |
KR20070058442A (ko) | 2007-06-08 |
EP2325218A1 (en) | 2011-05-25 |
EP1771183A4 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
WO2006132647A2 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
AU2005332637B2 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
CA2574990A1 (en) | 2006-12-14 |
JP2008510843A (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
WO2006132647A3 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
TWI410437B (zh) | 2013-10-01 |
CA2574990C (en) | 2014-08-26 |
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