JP2011518919A - 粒子の表面改質のためのプロセス - Google Patents
粒子の表面改質のためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011518919A JP2011518919A JP2011506371A JP2011506371A JP2011518919A JP 2011518919 A JP2011518919 A JP 2011518919A JP 2011506371 A JP2011506371 A JP 2011506371A JP 2011506371 A JP2011506371 A JP 2011506371A JP 2011518919 A JP2011518919 A JP 2011518919A
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- particles
- oxide
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 3-acryloxypropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical group O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052945 inorganic sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CLLLODNOQBVIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound COCCOCC(O)=O CLLLODNOQBVIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YHBWXWLDOKIVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]acetic acid Chemical compound COCCOCCOCC(O)=O YHBWXWLDOKIVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DIWVBIXQCNRCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-alpha-Methoxyphenylacetic acid Chemical compound COC(C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DIWVBIXQCNRCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UWSYCPWEBZRZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C UWSYCPWEBZRZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IDXCKOANSQIPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (acetyloxy-ethenyl-methylsilyl) acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C=C)OC(C)=O IDXCKOANSQIPGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IHGSAQHSAGRWNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 IHGSAQHSAGRWNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZVDJGAZWLUJOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-ethenylphenyl)ethyl-trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 ZVDJGAZWLUJOJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LJNFZEBTNPLCMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohex-3-en-1-ylethyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical group CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC1CCC=CC1 LJNFZEBTNPLCMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[dimethoxy(methyl)silyl]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LZMNXXQIQIHFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C URDOJQUSEUXVRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBQVDAIIQCXKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C=C KBQVDAIIQCXKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diacetyloxy(ethenyl)silyl] acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Si](OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)C=C NOZAQBYNLKNDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001504 aryl thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000419 boron suboxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PKTOVQRKCNPVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(methyl)silicon Chemical compound CO[Si](C)OC PKTOVQRKCNPVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SCPWMSBAGXEGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEHYCIQPPPQNMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triphenoxy)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1O[Si](OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FEHYCIQPPPQNMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MBGQQKKTDDNCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-diethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C=C)OCC MBGQQKKTDDNCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MABAWBWRUSBLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tri(propan-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)C=C MABAWBWRUSBLKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DYFMAHYLCRSUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(2-methylpropoxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)CO[Si](OCC(C)C)(OCC(C)C)C=C DYFMAHYLCRSUHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GBFVZTUQONJGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris(prop-1-en-2-yloxy)silane Chemical compound CC(=C)O[Si](OC(C)=C)(OC(C)=C)C=C GBFVZTUQONJGSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BQRPSOKLSZSNAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-tris[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)C=C BQRPSOKLSZSNAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC CZWLNMOIEMTDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydron;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Mn+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O CPSYWNLKRDURMG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AIBQNUOBCRIENU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ni] AIBQNUOBCRIENU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC SLYCYWCVSGPDFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RKLXSINPXIQKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(oct-7-enyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCCCC=C RKLXSINPXIQKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC=C LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 claims 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PBDZOVSYGIPDBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diethoxy-2-methoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOC(O)(COC)OCC PBDZOVSYGIPDBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LWKFNWYUYUAOSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl carbamate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(N)=O LWKFNWYUYUAOSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JSOZORWBKQSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[ethoxy(dimethyl)silyl]propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C JSOZORWBKQSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001356 alkyl thiols Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/12—Treatment with organosilicon compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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Abstract
Description
第1の温度で原料を提供する工程であって、原料が、
粒子と、
粒子と反応する表面処理剤と、
溶媒と、を含む、工程と、
原料を、マイクロ波放射に曝露し、原料を加熱して粒子を表面処理剤と反応させ、約60分未満で官能化粒子を提供する工程と、を含む。
連続流量マイクロ波反応器システム(Milestone,Inc.(Shelton、Connecticut)から入手され、商標名FLOWSYNTHで市販されている)を使用して、官能化粒子を提供した。FLOWSYNTHシステムは、隔膜ポンプ、0.18リットルの撹拌反応器空洞、及び冷却出口ポートからなり、水再循環器の使用を通して冷却した。原料は、プラスチック槽から隔膜ポンプの入口へ、そして撹拌槽型反応器形状と一致し、マイクロ波空洞内に設置された0.18リットルの空洞からなる、管型反応器へと重力によって送り出された。背圧調節装置(TESCOM Industrial Controls(Elk River、MN))が、圧力制御を提供した。原料を、管型反応器を通して送り出し、反応器中で規定の時間(反応器容量/反応流量から算出)が過ぎた後、反応生成物が、反応器特性の冷却部分を経由した時、外部冷却機を用いて、反応生成物を直ちに冷却した。生成物を、好適な容器中に収集した。
ナノ複合体のサンプルのレオロジー的分析を、Couvetteモードでの歪制御型粘弾性測定(TA instruments(New Castle、Delaware))レオメーターにおいて実行した。
0.13cm/分(0.050インチ/分)の修正した負荷速度を使用したことを除いて、ASTM D 5045−99によって、破壊靭性を測定した。試料が、3.18cm×3.05cm×0.64cm(1.25インチ×1.20インチ×0.25インチ)の寸法である、小型張力形状を用いた。以下、W=2.54cm(1.00インチ)、a=1.27cm(0.50インチ)、B=0.64cm(0.25インチ)のパラメータを採用した。試験した各樹脂に対して6〜10個のサンプルの測定がなされた。使用したサンプル数及び標準偏差に加えて、Kq及びKICの両方の平均値を、メートルの平方根にメガパスカルを乗じた単位、即ち、MPa(m1/2)で報告した。ASTM D 5045−99の妥当性要件に合うこれらのサンプルのみを、計算に使用した。
ASTM D 2583−95(2001年に再認可)によって、バーコル硬度(HB)を測定した。バーコル硬度計(モデルGYZJ−934−1、Barber−Colman Company(Leesburg、Virginia)より入手可能)を使用して、0.64cm(0.25インチ)の公称厚さを有する試料の測定を行った。各サンプルに対して、5〜10の測定値を取り、平均値を報告した。
二重カンチレバービームモードにおいて、RSA2固体分析器(Rheometrics Scientific,Inc(Piscataway、New Jersey)より入手)を用いて、曲げ貯蔵弾性率であるE’を測定した。試料の寸法は、長さ50ミリメートル×幅6ミリメートル×厚さ1.5ミリメートルの公称測定であった。全長40ミリメートルを採用した。−25℃〜+125℃の温度プロファイルを有する第1の走査と、−25℃〜+150℃の温度プロファイルを有する第2の走査である、2つの走査を起動した。走査は、両方とも、5℃/分の温度ランプ、1ヘルツの周波数、及び0.1%の歪を採用した。20℃/分の適切な速度で冷媒を用いて第1の走査を起動し、その後、第2の走査を直ちに起動して試料を冷却した。第2の走査において、+25℃で測定した曲げ弾性率(MPa)を報告した。第2の走査のタンデルタピークを、ガラス転移温度(Tg)として報告した。
複合体を、従来のバッチ反応システムを用いて、比較例A〜Bの各々のために調製した。シリカゾル、シラン、及びメトキシプロパノールを、標準臨床装置中で、95℃で22時間混合した。比較例Aでは、得られた表面処理シリカゾルを、米国特許第5,648,407号(Goetzら)に記載される方法による溶媒交換及び真空ストリッピングによって樹脂系に混ぜ合わせた。比較例Bでは、得られた表面処理シリカゾルを、係属PCT特許出願第US2007/077130号の表題「Resin Systems Including Reactive Surface−Modified Nanoparticles」(Goennerら)に記載される方法による、溶媒の溶媒交換及び真空ストリッピングによって樹脂系に混ぜ合わせた。まず、回転静的ミキサーを用いて、溶媒に乾燥表面改質SiO2を分散させることによって、サンプルを作製した。その後、適切な樹脂を添加し、回転蒸発によって溶媒を除去した。適切なエポキシ又はビニルエステルに粒子を分散させ、相対的に低粘度の液体を得ることによって、高い表面官能度を確認した。比較例A〜Bの複合体のための実際の製剤を、表2に示す。
官能化シリカ粒子を、同時係属米国暫定特許出願第61/040338号に記載されるような連続流量熱水反応器で調製した。比較例Cのための原料を、シリカゾルの撹拌した水性分散液を用いて調製した(表3を参照のこと)。表面処理剤(シラン)をゾルに添加して、得られたゾル/シラン混合物を、室温(23℃)で5分間撹拌した。第2の表面処理剤と共溶媒との混合物を、5分間にわたりゾル/シラン混合物に添加して、得られた分散液を、連続反応器に供給する前に、連続的に撹拌した。原料の製剤に使用された反応物質の特性を表3に記述する。分散物を、表3に記載した流速及び反応器温度で、連続流量熱水反応器に供給した。
手順1に説明されるように、官能化シリカ粒子を、マイクロ波連続流量反応器で調製した。原料を、シリカゾルの撹拌した水性分散液を用いて調製した(表4を参照のこと)。表面処理剤(シラン)をゾルに添加して、得られたゾル/シラン混合物を、室温(23℃)で5分間撹拌した。第2の表面処理剤と共溶媒との混合物を、5分間にわたりゾル/シラン混合物に添加して、得られた分散液を、連続反応器に供給する前に、連続的に撹拌した。分散物を、表4に記載した流速及び反応器温度で、マイクロ波連続流量熱水反応器に供給した。
比較例B及びC及び実施例2の硬化サンプルを使用して、物理的特性試験のための試料を調製した。1.25重量%のナフテン酸コバルトを有するナノ粒子含有ゲルコートを、広口プラスチック容器中に入れた。容器を覆い、密閉して、SpeedMixer(商標)二重非対称遠心分離機(モデルDAC 600 FVZ−sp、Flack Tek,Incorporated(Landrum、South Carolina)より入手可能)を用いて、2000rpmで30秒間、内容物を混合した。その後、1.0重量%のメチルエチルケトンペルオキシド(MEKP)溶液(35重量%触媒溶液)を添加した。容器を再度密閉し、二重非対称遠心分離機を用いて、2000rpmで30秒間、内容物を混合した。混合した後、ナノ粒子含有ゲルコートを、VALSPAR MR 225放出材料で処理したフロートガラス金型に移し、ゲルコートを室温で24時間硬化し、次いで70℃で4時間、後硬化した。実施例2及び比較例Bにより作製されたサンプルを、手順3(破壊靭性試験のための一般手順)、手順4(バーコル硬度試験のための一般手順)、及び手順5(曲げ弾性率(E’)及びガラス転移温度(Tg)測定のための一般手順)により、更に評価した。データを表5に記述する。
約5〜25重量%の固体(表6)で、粒子と表面処理剤との水性混合物として、原料を調製し、室温で撹拌した。表面処理剤の初期濃度を、使用した粒子の大きさに基づいて決定した。図1で図式的に示された及び本明細書に記載されたものと同様のシステムの一部として、原料をマイクロ波反応器に送り出す。隔膜ポンプ(例えば、Lewa EcodosシリーズC80Sモデルポンプ、American LEWA(Holliston Mass))を使用して、表6に記載されるような、種々の流速及び反応器速度で、原料をマイクロ波反応器に移動させる。反応材料を、反応器の出口で収集する。任意に、実施例7の場合には、原料ゾルを好適な圧力定格のキャニスターに装填し、噴射剤として窒素ガスを用いることを含む、圧力供給機構を通して原料を流出することが可能である。
Claims (21)
- 官能化粒子の調製方法であって、
第1の温度で原料を提供する工程であって、前記原料が、
粒子と、
前記粒子と反応する表面処理剤と、
溶媒と、を含む、工程と、
前記原料を、マイクロ波放射に曝露し、前記原料を加熱して前記粒子を前記表面処理剤と反応させ、約60分未満で前記官能化粒子を提供する工程と、を含む、方法。 - 前記原料中の粒子の濃度が、約60重量%〜約20重量%である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子は実質的に対称性の粒子であり、前記溶媒は水であり、前記原料は水混和性有機溶媒を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記実質的に対称性の粒子が、約1ナノメートル〜約30マイクロメートルの平均直径を有する、実質的に球状の粒子である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記実質的に球状の粒子が、約1マイクロメートル未満の平均直径を有する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記球状の粒子が、約100nm未満の平均直径を有する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記球状の粒子が、異なる平均直径を有する粒子の混合物を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子が、金属、無機酸化物、無機硫化物、無機アンチモン化物、無機塩、無機窒化物、金属被覆粒子、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される無機材料を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記無機酸化物が、ジルコニア、酸化アルミニウム、二酸化チタン、酸化鉄、酸化亜鉛、二酸化ケイ素、三酸化アンチモン、酸化ホウ素、亜酸化ホウ素、酸化ビスマス(III)、酸化銅(I)、酸化銅(II)、酸化クロム(III)、酸化鉄(II)、酸化鉄(III)、酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム(IV)、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記無機硫化物が、硫化銅(I)、硫化銅(II)、及び硫化亜鉛、並びに前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子が、リン化インジウム、リン化アルミニウム、黄銅、金属被覆ガラス、炭化ホウ素、窒化ホウ素、炭化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化銅(II)、水酸化リチウム、水酸化マグネシウム、アルミニウム、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸カルシウム、炭酸コバルト(II)、炭酸銅(II)、硝酸銅(II)、硫酸銅(II)、炭酸リチウム、硝酸リチウム、硫酸リチウム、炭酸マグネシウム、リン酸マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、マンガン硫酸塩一水和物(II)、リン酸マンガン(II)、炭酸ニッケル(II)、水酸化ニッケル(II)、硝酸ニッケル(II)、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、炭酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される無機材料を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子が、ガラスビーズを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子はシリカ粒子を含み、前記表面処理剤は、オルガノシラン、有機チタン酸塩、有機ジルコン酸塩、有機酸、有機アミン、有機チオール、ホスフィン酸及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記オルガノシランが、[2−(3−シクロヘキセニル)エチル]トリメトキシシラン、トリメトキシ(7−オクテン−1−イル)シラン、イソオクチルトリメトキシ−シラン、N−(3−トリエトキシシリルプロピル)メトキシエトキシエトキシエチルカルバメート、3−(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピルトリメトキシシラン、アリルトリメトキシシラン、3−アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピルトリエトキシシラン、3−(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3−アクリロキシプロピル)メチルジメトキシシラン、−9−3−(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピルジメチルエトキシシラン、3−(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピルジメチルエトキシシラン、ビニルジメチルエトキシシラン、フェニルトリメトキシシラン、n−オクチルトリメトキシシラン、ドデシルトリメトキシシラン、オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン、プロピルトリメトキシシラン、ヘキシルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジアセトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジエトキシシラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリイソプロポキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリフェノキシシラン、ビニルトリ−t−ブトキシシラン、ビニルトリス−イソブトキシシラン、ビニルトリイソプロペノキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2−メトキシエトキシ)シラン、スチリルエチルトリメトキシシラン、メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3−グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、ドデカン酸、2−[2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)エトキシ]酢酸(MEEAA)、βカルボキシエチルアクリレート、2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)酢酸、メトキシフェニル酢酸、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記表面処理剤が、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、ドデカン酸、2−[2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)エトキシ]酢酸、βカルボキシエチルアクリレート、2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)酢酸、メトキシフェニル酢酸、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記表面処理剤が、アルキルアミン、アリールアミン、アルキルチオール、アリールチオール、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルホスフィン酸、アリールホスフィン酸、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記粒子は無機酸化物であり、前記表面処理剤は、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、オレイン酸、ステアリン酸、ドデカン酸、2−[2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)エトキシ]酢酸(MEEAA)、βカルボキシエチルアクリレート、2−(2−メトキシエトキシ)酢酸、メトキシフェニル酢酸、及び前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記原料が、1−メトキシ−2−プロパノール、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチレングリコール、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、酢酸エチル、及び/又は1−メチル−2−ピロリジノン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル(ジグリム)、メタノール、メトキシ(エトキシ(エトキシ))エタノール並びに前述のもののうちの2つ以上の組み合わせからなる群から選択される、有機共溶媒を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記原料をマイクロ波放射に曝露する工程が、約2分〜約60分間で、前記官能化粒子を提供する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記原料をマイクロ波放射に曝露する工程が、前記原料を130℃〜230℃の範囲の温度に加熱する、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記原料が、前記曝露する工程中に撹拌される、請求項20に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR20110015572A (ko) | 2011-02-16 |
EP2283081B8 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
US8318120B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
EP2283081B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
BRPI0910662A2 (pt) | 2015-09-29 |
EP2283081A2 (en) | 2011-02-16 |
WO2009131910A2 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
US20110048923A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
KR20150143864A (ko) | 2015-12-23 |
JP6105686B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
WO2009131910A3 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
CN102015913A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
CN102015913B (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
JP2015221907A (ja) | 2015-12-10 |
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