JP2010539909A - インビボでのポリヌクレオチドの送達のための連続疎水相を含む担体におけるリポソームの使用 - Google Patents
インビボでのポリヌクレオチドの送達のための連続疎水相を含む担体におけるリポソームの使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2007年9月27日出願の米国特許仮出願第60/975,602号及び2008年6月13日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/061,303号の利益及び優先権を主張し、それらの全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
図面は、単なる例として本発明の実施形態を説明するものである。
本明細書で述べるポリヌクレオチドの使用は、特に、主として特定遺伝子又はそれらの産物のセンス又はアンチセンス配列に対応し、したがってこれらの遺伝子及び/又はそれらの産物の発現に直接の影響を及ぼす配列を含むポリヌクレオチドを指す。例えば、遺伝子コード配列を含むポリヌクレオチドの使用は、そのようなポリヌクレオチドを取り込む細胞において対象遺伝子の転写及び/又は翻訳に影響を及ぼす。同様に、RNA干渉ポリヌクレオチドの使用は、そのようなヌクレオチドを取り込む細胞においてmRNAのレベルに直接影響することにより、対象とする特定遺伝子の発現に影響を及ぼす。これは、遺伝子特異的配列の存在を介して作用するのではない、他のポリヌクレオチドベースの分子、例えばCpG及びポリICアジュバントとは有意に異なる。さらに、ポリヌクレオチドベースのアジュバントは免疫応答を非特異的に調節すると考えられ、それらの作用は、それらが細胞外受容体と相互作用して免疫細胞の活性を非特異的に増強する、ワクチン接種部位から始まる。一部の場合、ポリヌクレオチドベースのアジュバントは、内在化されて、細胞内受容体と相互作用することによってそれらの作用を及ぼし、同様に下流経路の活性化を導き、免疫応答の生成を助ける免疫細胞活性の増強を集合的に生じさせる。そのようなアジュバントは、本明細書で考慮されるポリヌクレオチド構築物によって標的される特定遺伝子の発現には直接影響を及ぼさない。そのようなアジュバントは、標的遺伝子の発現産物とは直接相互作用せず、また標的遺伝子のセンス又はアンチセンス配列に対応する配列を含まない。
リポソームは、捕捉された水体積(aqueous volume)を含む完全に閉じた脂質二重層膜である。リポソームは、単層小胞(単一の二重層膜を有する)又は多重膜二重層によって特徴づけられる多重層小胞であり得、各々の二重層は、水層によって次の層から分離されてもよく、又は分離されなくてもよい。リポソームの一般的考察は、Gregoriadis G. Immunol. Today, 11:89-97, 1990; and Frezard, F., Braz. J. Med. Bio. Res., 32:181-189, 1999に見出される。本明細書及び特許請求の範囲において使用される、「リポソーム」という用語は、限定を伴わずに、当分野で「ニオソーム」、「トランスフェロソーム」及び「ビロソーム」として記述されるものを含む、前述したようなすべての小胞構造を包含することが意図されている。
組成物の担体は、疎水性物質、好ましくは液体疎水性物質の連続相を含む。連続相は、実質的に純粋な疎水性物質又は疎水性物質の混合物であり得る。加えて、担体は、疎水性物質が連続相を構成することを条件として、疎水性物質中の水のエマルション又は疎水性物質の混合物中の水のエマルションであり得る。さらに、もう1つの実施形態では、担体はアジュバントとして機能し得る。
組成物は、被験者において発現されるべきポリペプチドの機能を補完又は増強し得る1又はそれ以上の付加的な成分をさらに含み得る。例えば、コードされるポリペプチドがワクチン抗原である場合、付加的な成分、例えばアジュバントが存在し得る。「アジュバント」という用語は、抗原に対する免疫応答を増強する化合物又は混合物を指す。アジュバントは、抗原を緩やかに放出する組織デポー剤として、また免疫応答を非特異的に増強するリンパ系活性化剤としても働くことができる(Hood et al, Immunology, 2d ed., Benjamin/Cummings : Menlo Park, C.A., 1984; Wood and Williams, In: Nicholson, Webster and May(eds.), Textbook of Influenza, Chapter 23, pp. 317-323参照)。しばしば、抗原単独による一次抗原投与は、アジュバントが存在しない場合、体液性免疫応答を惹起することができない。被験者に送達されるべき対象ポリヌクレオチドは、それ自体アジュバントとして機能し得るか又はアジュバントを構成するポリペプチド(例えばIL−12、IFN−γ又は顆粒球−マクロファージコロニー刺激因子(「GMCSF」)をコードし得ることに留意すべきである。
リポソームを作製するための方法は当分野において公知である:例えば、どちらも先に引用した、Gregoriadis (1990)及びFrezard (1999)参照。リポソームを作製するための任意の適切な方法を本発明の実施において使用し得る。リポソームは、典型的には、脂質二重層を形成するリポソーム成分(例えばリン脂質及びコレステロール)を水溶液で水和することによって調製され、水溶液は、純水又は任意の他の生理的に適合性の溶液、例えば食塩水、例えばリン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)であり得る。
本発明は、場合によりキットとして使用者に提供される。例えば、本発明のキットは、本発明の組成物の1又はそれ以上を含む。キットは、1又はそれ以上の付加的な試薬、包装材料、キットの成分を保持するための容器、及び所望目的のためにキットの成分を使用する好ましい方法を詳述する取扱説明書のセット又は使用者マニュアルをさらに含み得る。
本発明は、被験者にポリヌクレオチドを送達することが望ましい任意の場合に適用される。多くのそのような適用は、疾患の治療又は予防においてである。本発明の代表的な適用は、癌の治療及び予防、遺伝子治療、アジュバント療法、感染症の治療及び予防、アレルギーの治療及び予防、自己免疫疾患の治療及び予防、神経変性疾患治療、及び動脈硬化症治療を含む。
実施例
Claims (26)
- 疎水性物質の連続相を含む担体と、
リポソームと、
ポリヌクレオチドと
を含む組成物。 - 前記担体が、油性又は油中水型エマルションである、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記油が、天然油又は合成油である、請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 前記油が、鉱油、植物油又は堅果油である、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 前記担体が、油の混合物を含む、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記リポソームが、リン脂質を含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記リポソームが、コレステロールを含む、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記リポソームが、ジオレオイルホスファチジルコリン(DOPC)及びコレステロールを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが、アンチセンスRNA、干渉RNA、触媒RNA、リボザイム又はポリペプチドをコードする、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- アジュバントをさらに含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが、哺乳動物細胞において機能性のプロモーターに作動可能に連結されている、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが発現プラスミドに挿入されている、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドを含む細菌ベクター又はウイルスベクターを含む、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが、
(a)前記リポソーム内に封入されて、
(b)前記リポソームの外部に、又は
(c)前記リポソーム内に封入されているのと前記リポソームの外部の両方に
存在する、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。 - 前記アジュバントが、
(a)前記リポソーム内に、
(b)前記リポソームの外部に、又は
(c)前記リポソーム内と前記リポソームの外部の両方に
存在する、請求項10に記載の組成物。 - 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の組成物及びポリヌクレオチドを被験者に送達するために前記組成物を使用するための指示書を含むキット。
- 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を前記被験者に投与することを含む、ポリヌクレオチドを被験者に送達するための方法。
- 前記被験者が哺乳動物である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- リポソーム、ポリヌクレオチド、及び疎水性物質の連続相を含む担体を組み合わせることを含む、組成物を作製するための方法。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが前記リポソーム内に封入されている、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記リポソームを、前記担体と組み合わせる前に脱水する、請求項20又は21に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリヌクレオチドが、請求項1から22のいずれかにおいて定義されるポリヌクレオチドである、請求項20から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記リポソームが、請求項1から23のいずれかにおいて定義されるリポソームである、請求項20から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記担体が、請求項1から24のいずれかにおいて定義される担体である、請求項20から22のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項20から25のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって生産される組成物。
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US20100203116A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
EP2197497A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
JP2015166351A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
ES2588705T3 (es) | 2016-11-04 |
CN106310293A (zh) | 2017-01-11 |
EP2197497B1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
CA2700808C (en) | 2017-11-14 |
CN101827613A (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
US20210322573A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
AU2008303023B2 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
WO2009039628A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
EP2197497A4 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
US20170028084A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
CA2700808A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
US11235069B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
US9498493B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
JP5731198B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
JP6016970B2 (ja) | 2016-10-26 |
AU2008303023A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
US10232052B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
US20190224338A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 |
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