JP2010532347A - α−ケトグルタレートの新規の医学的用途 - Google Patents
α−ケトグルタレートの新規の医学的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010532347A JP2010532347A JP2010514670A JP2010514670A JP2010532347A JP 2010532347 A JP2010532347 A JP 2010532347A JP 2010514670 A JP2010514670 A JP 2010514670A JP 2010514670 A JP2010514670 A JP 2010514670A JP 2010532347 A JP2010532347 A JP 2010532347A
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- ketoglutarate
- bacteria
- ureolytic
- pylori
- medical
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Abstract
Description
α−ケトグルタレートは内因性分子として生物に存在する。
皮膚定着菌などの非病原性共生菌、消化管粘膜に定着する非病原性共生生物から、ヘリコバクター・ピロリおよび泌尿生殖器系感染を引き起こす細菌を含む病原性細菌まで、窒素同化菌の範囲は広い。
ヒトのピロリ桿菌は通常、胃および十二指腸から単離される。以前はカンピロバクター・ピロリ(Campylobacter pylori)と呼ばれていたこれらのグラム陰性、尿素分解性、らせん型の細菌は胃炎および胃および十二指腸における潰瘍形成の病因因子の1つである。2005年にノーベル賞を授与したWarren and Marschallは1983年に、消化管におけるピロリ菌の存在と慢性胃炎との間の因果関係を示した。Marshall BJ, Warren JR. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet. 1984;1:1311-1315参照。長期間持続する感染が腸管型腺癌のリスクを明らかに高めるという事実により、近年、ピロリ桿菌は発癌因子としてWHOによって公表された(IARC. Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Lyon, 7-14 June 1994. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1994;61:1-241)。さらに、ピロリ菌感染と、例えば心臓などの胃以外の組織および器官の病理との間の関係も見出された。
初回療法。7日の処置サイクル。
1.胃液の分泌を抑える薬剤;2回量のプロトンポンプ阻害剤(PPI)群に属する化合物、例えば、オメプラゾール1日20mg2回
2.抗生物質I、例えば、アモキシシリン、1日1g2回
3.抗生物質II、例えば、クラリスロマイシン、1日0.5g2回
2回目の療法
1.胃液の分泌を抑える薬剤;2回量のプロトンポンプ阻害剤(PPI)群に属する化合物、例えば、ランゾプラゾール1日30mg2回
2.抗生物質I、例えば、アモキシシリン、1日2回1gを維持
3.抗生物質II、他の抗生物質または化学化合物、例えば、メトロニダゾール1日0.5g2回
4.ビスマス化合物(クエン酸塩)
本明細書において「α−ケトグルタレート」とは、2−オクソ−ペンタン二酸、2−オクソグルタル酸、α−オクソグルタル酸、α−オクソペンタン二酸、2−ケトグルタル酸、2−オクソ−1,5−ペンタン二酸、2−オクソペンタン二酸または2−オクソ−グルタル酸として知られる酸の活性アニオンを放出する化合物を指す。このような化合物の例としては、α−ケトグルタル酸の塩、付加塩、エステル、アミド、アミドおよびそのプロドラッグがある。α−ケトグルタレートは、ヒト、植物および動物、特にペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物において尿素分解菌の定着に阻害作用を示し、粘膜定着を防ぐ。α−ケトグルタル酸塩に関する限り、本明細書においてα−ケトグルタレートとは、酸のアルカリ金属塩および/またはアルカリ土類金属塩および/またはキトサン塩、あるいはアルカリ金属塩とアルカリ土類金属塩とキトサン塩とα−ケトグルタル酸塩の混合物を包含する。ナトリウム塩およびカルシウム塩またはその混合物が特に好ましい。
本発明は、主として、α−ケトグルタレートの新規の医学的用途に関する。
(1)H2NCONH2+H2O→CO2+2NH3
(2)CO2+H2O→H2CO3
(3)H2CO3+2NH3→NH4 ++HCO3 −+NH3
(4)H+Cl−+NH3→NH4 ++Cl−
1.α−ケトグルタレートを接種した後のピロリ菌感染マウスの胃粘膜の肥厚において、または試験動物の小腸粘膜の肥厚において、また、絨毛の幅および陰窩の深さにおいて形態的な変化はなかった。
今般、予期しないことに、α−ケトグルタル酸塩は哺乳類の消化管のピロリ菌定着の過程を阻害することが見出された。本研究では、菌体懸濁液の最初の用量を投与した後30日目に、ピロリ菌を感染させただけのマウスの胃の幽門部の粘膜から単離されたコロニーの平均数は7.8×102±5.0×101に相当したことを示す。感染から14日後に連続9日間α−ケトグルタル酸塩の胃内投与を受けた実験動物群において、単離されたコロニーの平均数はわずか3.8×102±5.0×101であった。ピロリ菌の最後の感染投与から14日後に始めて連続9日間α−ケトグルタレートの9回の胃内投与を行ったところ、胃粘膜層の細菌定着に49%の減少が見られた。これらの結果から、α−ケトグルタル酸塩は胃のピロリ菌定着を阻害することが分かる。
実験動物:28匹の6週齢BALB/cA(雌)マウス、体重25±2g(図1)。14匹のマウスにチューブを通して(外径1.3mm)濃度109cfu/mlのピロリ菌体、119/95株の懸濁液0.2mlで1日おきに3回抗原投与を行った。最終抗原投与の2週間後に、7匹のマウスに、同じ方法により9日間連続してα−ケトグルタル酸カルシウムまたはナトリウム塩溶液(0.2ml、濃度30mM)を胃内接種した(群IA)。残る7匹のマウスには群IAの動物のように0.01Mリン酸バッファー−PBSで偽処置した(群IB)。
実験動物:48匹の6週齢BALB/cA(雌)マウス、体重25±2g(図2)。群IIIBおよびIIIの24匹のマウス(図2)に濃度109cfu/mlのピロリ菌体、119/95株の懸濁液0.2mlで日おきに3回胃内に抗原投与を行った。最終抗原投与の8日後に、16匹のマウスにチューブを通して0.2mlの30mM α−ケトグルタル酸塩溶液を3日間連続して胃内に接種した(群IIIB)。残る8匹のマウスには群IIIに関する手順にしたがって0.2mlの0.01M PBSで偽処置した(群III)。
α−ケトグルタル酸カルシウムおよびナトリウム塩水溶液を混合物としてまたは単独で調製し、ダイアリー製品(diary product)および飲料用の添加剤として使用した。
α−ケトグルタル酸塩 0.001g〜0.2g
グルコース 20g
水 最大100g
治療上および/または予防上有効な量は、1日用量において0.001g〜最大0.2g/体重1kgである。
9月〜11月の期間に、1年のこの時期に腸管に急性症状が認められる、微生物法(内視鏡検査)によって確認された10名のピロリ菌感染者(6名の男性、4名の女性、年齢45〜60歳、体重60〜95kg)は、毎日朝食時にミルク飲料と組み合わせてα−ケトグルタル酸カルシウム塩(2g)を自由意志で摂取していた。2週間の処置期間後、選抜したボランティアにおいて胸やけの症状やその他の消化不良の特徴はなくなった。消化不良症状のない状態はAKG投与終了後1ヶ月間さらに維持された。
Claims (37)
- ヒト、植物および動物、特にペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物の望ましくない症状の予防および治療のための医療用製剤の製造のためのα−ケトグルタレートの新規の医学的使用であって、望ましくない症状が生物における尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連するところの、新規の医学的使用。
- 望ましくない医学的症状が、消化管、呼吸器系および/または泌尿生殖器系における、ヘリコバクター・ピロリ、ブルセラ属に由来する菌株、ウレアプラズマ・ウレオリティカムなどのウレアーゼ陽性菌、および他の好アルカリ性細菌、例えば、バチルス・パスツーリ、ウレアーゼ産生エルシニア・エンテロコリカ桿菌、カテーテルおよびその他の医療器具におけるバイオフィルムの形成および沈着物の石化に関与する尿素分解菌、口腔粘膜の感染、歯肉疾患、虫歯、歯石の形成を引き起こす尿素分解菌、プロテウス属、ウレアプラズマ属、クレブシエラ属、シュードモナス属、ブドウ状球菌属、プロビデンシア属、コリネバクテリウム属、特にピー・ミラビリスの泌尿器系感染の過程で感染性結石の形成を担う尿素分解菌、および生殖管、特にその下部感染を引き起こすマイコプラズマ、マイコプラズマ・ホミニスおよびユー・ウレアリティカムを含む群からの尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連する症状である、請求項1記載の使用。
- 製剤が、標的尿素分解菌の発生部位への有効量の活性物質の輸送または局所投与に適当な形態で製造される、請求項1または2記載の使用。
- 標的尿素分解菌の発生部位への局所投与に適当な製剤が、経口投与用処方、静注、洗浄液体、膣内錠剤、坐剤の形態または標的尿素分解菌の発生の特定部位への投与のために調整されるその他の形態の処方である、請求項3記載の使用。
- 標的尿素分解菌の発生部位への局所投与に適当な製剤が、α−ケトグルタレートと混合可能かつ望ましくない医学的症状の治療に有益である他の活性成分をさらに含む、請求項4記載の使用。
- ピロリ菌の定着およびその結果、特に、胃潰瘍および十二指腸潰瘍、消化性潰瘍、胃リンパ腫、腸変性を伴う慢性萎縮性胃炎および胃癌などの疾患を予防するための製剤が製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 腸尿素分解微生物叢の調節、組織の健全性を安定させることおよび感染後および悪液質疾患の場合に腸微生物叢のバランスをとるために用いられる製剤が製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 病原性尿素分解菌の胃の通過を阻害する製剤が製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 口腔の尿素分解微生物叢を調節し、歯石の形成を軽減し、虫歯の発生を阻害する製剤が、チューインガムまたは歯科用ペーストの形態で製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 泌尿器系における沈着物および感染性結石の形成を予防する製剤が製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 魚類に感染を引き起こす尿素分解菌、特に、ウレアプラズマおよび他のマイコプラズマの増殖を阻害する製剤が製造される、請求項1または2記載の使用。
- 特定の尿素分解菌により引き起こされる鯉および鯉稚魚、ならびにその他の淡水魚および海水魚においてえらの炎症の予防に用いられる製剤が製造される、請求項11記載の使用。
- カテーテルおよびその他の医療器具におけるバイオフィルムの形成および沈着物の石化を軽減する製剤が製造される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 治療上有効な用量で、特に、0.001g〜0.2g/kg体重/日の用量または0.01〜10g/m2組織表面/日の用量で投与用に調整された量でα−ケトグルタレートを含む製剤が製造される、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれかにしたがって製造された、ヒト、ペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物の望ましくない医学的症状の予防および治療に用いるための医療用製剤であって、望ましくない症状が生物における尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連するところの、医療用製剤。
- α−ケトグルタレートを含むことを特徴とする、ヒト、ペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物の望ましくない医学的症状を予防するダイエタリー・サプリメントであって、望ましくない症状が生物における尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連するところの、ダイエタリー・サプリメント。
- α−ケトグルタレートを含むことを特徴とする、ヒト、ペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物の望ましくない医学的症状を予防する薬用食品であって、望ましくない症状が生物における尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連するところの、薬用食品。
- α−ケトグルタレートを含むことを特徴とする、ヒト、ペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物のピロリ菌の定着を予防および阻害する、食品/飼料添加剤。
- 望ましくない医学的症状が、ウレアーゼ産生植物病原菌の存在および/または活性に関連する植物症状であり、製剤が、標的尿素分解菌の発生部位への有効量の活性基質の輸送に適当な処方で製造される、請求項1記載の使用。
- ヒト、ペットおよび農用動物を含む生物、例えば、哺乳類、鳥類、両生類、魚類、軟体動物または節足動物の望ましくない医学的症状の予防的または治療的処置方法であって、望ましくない症状が生物における尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連し、予防上または治療上有効な量のα−ケトグルタレートが、かかる処置を必要とする生物、特に標的尿素分解菌の発生部位に局所投与されるところの、方法。
- 望ましくない医学的症状が、消化管、呼吸器系および/または泌尿生殖器系における、ヘリコバクター・ピロリ、ブルセラ属に由来する菌株、ウレアプラズマ・ウレオリティカムなどのウレアーゼ陽性菌、および他の好アルカリ性細菌、例えば、バチルス・パスツーリ、ウレアーゼ産生エルシニア・エンテロコリカ桿菌、カテーテルおよびその他の医療器具におけるバイオフィルムの形成および沈着物の石化に関与する尿素分解菌、口腔粘膜の感染、歯肉疾患、虫歯、歯石の形成を引き起こす尿素分解菌、プロテウス属、ウレアプラズマ属、クレブシエラ属、シュードモナス属、ブドウ状球菌属、プロビデンシア属、コリネバクテリウム属、特にピー・ミラビリスの泌尿器系感染の過程で感染性結石の形成を担う尿素分解菌、および生殖管、特にその下部感染を引き起こすマイコプラズマ、マイコプラズマ・ホミニスおよびユー・ウレアリティカムを含む群からの尿素分解菌の存在および/または活性に関連する症状である、請求項20記載の方法。
- α−ケトグルタレートが、経口投与用処方、静注、洗浄液体、膣内錠剤、坐剤の形態または標的尿素分解菌の発生の特定部位への投与に適当なその他の形態で投与される、請求項20または21記載の方法。
- 標的尿素分解菌の発生部位への局所投与に適当な形態のα−ケトグルタレートが、α−ケトグルタレートと混合可能かつ望ましくない医学的症状の治療に有益である他の活性成分と一緒に投与される、請求項22記載の方法。
- 予防されたまたは治療的処置された望ましくない医学的症状が、生物のピロリ菌の定着およびその結果、特に、胃潰瘍および十二指腸潰瘍、消化性潰瘍、胃リンパ腫、腸変性を伴う慢性萎縮性胃炎および胃癌などの疾患に関連する、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、腸尿素分解微生物叢の調節、組織の健全性を安定させることおよび感染後および悪液質疾患の場合に腸微生物叢のバランスをとることを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、病原性尿素分解菌の胃の通過を阻害することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、口腔の尿素分解微生物叢を調節し、歯石の形成を軽減し、虫歯の発生を阻害することを含み、α−ケトグルタレートがチューインガムまたは歯科用ペーストの形態で投与される、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、泌尿器系における沈着物および感染性結石の形成を予防することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、魚類に感染を引き起こす尿素分解菌、特に、ウレアプラズマおよび他のマイコプラズマの増殖を阻害することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- α−ケトグルタレートが、特定の尿素分解菌により引き起こされる鯉および鯉稚魚、ならびにその他の淡水魚および海水魚におけるえらの炎症に予防的に投与される、請求項29記載の方法。
- 予防的または治療的処置が、カテーテルおよびその他の医療器具におけるバイオフィルムの形成および沈着物の石化を軽減することを含む、請求項20〜23のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- α−ケトグルタレートが、予防上または治療上有効な用量で、特に、0.001g〜0.2g/kg体重/日の用量で局所投与用に調整された量で経口投与される、請求項20〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- α−ケトグルタレートが、局所投与に適当な予防上または治療上有効な用量で、特に、0.01〜10g/m2組織表面/日の用量で投与される、請求項20〜31のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 細菌酵素によるリグニンおよびセルロースを含むバイオマスの変換に基づく有機バイオ燃料を製造する方法であって、食材性高等シロアリの後腸尿素分解微生物叢により産生される酵素がα−ケトグルタレートの存在下で用いられるところの、方法。
- α−ケトグルタレートが、該方法の収率を最低5%高めるのに十分な比率で用いられる、請求項34記載の方法。
- 酵素が、破砕された尿素分解菌の細胞断片を含まない精製形態で用いられる、請求項34または35記載の方法。
- 酵素が、非精製形態で、すなわち、破砕されたまたは尿素分解菌により放出された細菌細胞断片との混合物として用いられる、請求項34または35記載の方法。
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JPH09504945A (ja) * | 1993-11-09 | 1997-05-20 | グラミネール アーベー | 新規飲料 |
WO2005123056A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-29 | Sgp & Sons Ab | Use of alpha-ketoglutarate and related compounds for lowering plasma lipids |
JP2008502679A (ja) * | 2004-06-17 | 2008-01-31 | エスゲーペー アンド ソンズ アクティエボラーグ | α−ケトグルタル酸及び関連化合物の血漿中脂質を低下させるための使用 |
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IL203051A (en) | 2014-07-31 |
KR20150003908A (ko) | 2015-01-09 |
JP5518702B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
CN104825433A (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
KR20100053546A (ko) | 2010-05-20 |
JP2014193866A (ja) | 2014-10-09 |
KR101610791B1 (ko) | 2016-04-11 |
CN102014888A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
WO2009005379A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
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