JP2010531353A - 新規抗凝血組成物、それらを基にした血栓症疾患治療のための医薬組成品、および血液希釈による凝固亢進障害改善のための血漿代用液 - Google Patents
新規抗凝血組成物、それらを基にした血栓症疾患治療のための医薬組成品、および血液希釈による凝固亢進障害改善のための血漿代用液 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010531353A JP2010531353A JP2010514672A JP2010514672A JP2010531353A JP 2010531353 A JP2010531353 A JP 2010531353A JP 2010514672 A JP2010514672 A JP 2010514672A JP 2010514672 A JP2010514672 A JP 2010514672A JP 2010531353 A JP2010531353 A JP 2010531353A
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Classifications
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- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/73—Unsubstituted amino or imino radicals
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
- C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
1.未分画ヘパリンの効果は、短時間しか持続せず、その効果は、投薬を中止後、非常に急速に消滅し、UFHは、血栓症の再発危険を下げることができない。
2.ヘパリンは、その抗血栓症の効果を、間接的に示す。ともかく、少しでもその効果を示すには、系中に抗トロンビンが存在する状況で使用しなければならない。
3.ヘパリンは、循環しているトロンビンに対してのみ、活性があり、血塊に吸収されたトロンビンを、ほとんど阻害しない。
4.血漿中のATIIIレベル、個々の製剤注入速度、様々な血漿タンパク質や活性化血小板(血小板因子3、ヘパリナーゼなど)の影響下でのヘパリンの結合や中和(neutralization)など多くの理由から、同一量のヘパリンを投与しても、異なる患者によって、予期できない反応がある。このため、凝集系の状態を、頻繁な間隔で観察する必要がある。
5.出血性合併症の危険性および血小板減少症の可能性
6.長期間におよぶヘパリン治療(6か月超)の後や、十分に(sufficiently)高いヘパリン量(>15000ユニット)を服用した後に、合併症として骨粗しょう症を発症しやすい。
7.ヘパリンは、病院(hospital conditions)での静脈注射でのみでしか投与できない。
− 標的酵素に対する高い親和性(すなわち、高い阻害効率)
− 他の関連するセリンプロテアーゼと比較して、標的酵素に対する高い選択性.
− 化学的、代謝的安定性
− 無毒性
− 血漿タンパク質との弱い(または非常に強くない)結合
− 経口で投与した場合の高いバイオアベイラビリティ(bioavailability)
− 薬剤の比較的長い半減期。これにより、経口投与の場合、血中の治療レベル(therapeutic level)が、1日1回または2回の薬剤服用で十分であり得るレベルに維持される。
− 薬剤レベルを、簡便にモニターする可能性
1.動脈血圧および心拍出量を維持するよう循環血液量(VCB)を置き換える、血管虚脱を予防すること、血液の正常なレオロジー特性および、臓器や組織の正常なかん流を維持すること
2.血漿の正常な膠質浸透圧およびその酸−塩基平衡を維持すること
3.血液の酸素輸送機能および凝固系機能を維持すること
1.物質は、トロンビン阻害剤である。すなわち、フィブリノゲン分子が分解され、トロンビンが触媒するアミド分解反応を防ぐ能力がある。
2.物質は、血漿中で、結合しない状態で十分な濃度存在するために、許容される物理化学的性質(親油性および親水性)を有しなければならない。言い換えれば、物質は、他の血液血漿タンパク質(アルブミン、グロブリンなど)と適度に結合しなければならない。
3.物質は、元来の治療効果をだすために、血漿中で、十分に長い半減期を有しなければならない。
A−B−C (I)
式中、Cは、次の構造を含む群から選ばれる、
R8は、水素または、C1〜C6のアルキル基であり、
R9は、次からなる群から選ばれる、
R13は、水素またはC1〜C6のアルキル基
R11は、C1〜C6のアルキル基、またはAr
Arは、水素、C1〜C6アルキル基、C1〜C6アルコキシ基、ハロゲン,N(R13)2、OH、NO2、CN、COOR13、CON(R13)2およびSO2R13の群から選ばれた1から5つの置換基をもつ、フェニル、ピリジル、オキサゾリル、チアゾリル、チエニル、フラニル、ピリミジニル、ピリダジニル、ピラジニル、インドリル、ベンゾフラニル、またはベンゾチオフェニルである。
次は、例外とする。
rは、2から5の整数である。
実施例1
中間生成物である3−(3−クロロプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェノールの合成
中間生成物であるベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−クロロプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステルの合成
2−クロロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−クロロプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(純粋な基質あたり(per pure substance)77%)、
2−ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−クロロプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(60%)、
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−クロロプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(56%)、
ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−クロロエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(72%)、
2−クロロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−クロロエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(35%)、
2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−クロロエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(34%)、
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−クロロエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(37%)、
ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−クロロブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(45%)、
2−クロロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−クロロブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(27%)、
2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−クロロブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(32%)、
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−クロロブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル(21%)
実施例3
中間生成物である2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−ヨードプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステルの合成
ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−ヨードプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−ヨードプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(3−ヨードプロポキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−ヨードエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−クロロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−ヨードエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−ヨードエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(2−ヨードエトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
ベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−ヨードブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−クロロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−ヨードブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニル エステル
2−フルオロベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−ヨードブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
2−カルボメトキシベンゼンスルホン酸の3−(4−ヨードブトキシ)−5−メチルフェニルエステル
実施例4
4−アミノ−l−(3−(3−メチル−5−(2−フルオロベンゼンスルホニルオキシ)フェノキシ)プロピル)−ピリジニウムイオダイド(HC_029c_IOC)の合成
真空乾燥することにより、同定されない不純物を約4〜5%含む淡いベージュの塩、0.4g(72%)を得た。その物質を同じ系から再結晶し、不純物を取り除いき、0.25gの薄い色の粉末を得た。
4−アミノ−1−(3−(3−メチル−5−(ベンゼンスルホニルオキシ)フェノキシ)プロピル)−ピリジニウムイオダイド(HC_016s_IOC)
化合物の合成
o−ニトロクロロアニリン(15g)を30mlのクロロスルホン酸に攪拌しながら加え、100°Cで2時間加熱した。引き続き、110°Cで2時間、さらに、127°Cで5時間加熱した。反応混合物を、室温まで冷却し、砕いた氷(140g)に注いだ。沈澱をろ過し、ろ過ケーキを氷水で洗い、風乾した。収穫物は、15gの4 クロロ−3−ニトロベンゼン−1 スルホニルクロライドであった。
2.4−クロロ−N−メチル−3−ニトロ−N−フェニルベンゼンスルホンアミド
3.N−メチル−4−(メチルアミノ)−3−ニトロ−N−フェニルベンゼンスルホンアミド
4.3−アミノ−N−メチル−4−(メチルアミノ)−N−フェニルベンゼンスルホンアミド
5.3−クロロ−N−(5−(N−メチル−N−フェニルスルファモイル)−2−(メチルアミノ)フェニル)プロパンアミド
6.4−アミノ−1−(3−(5−(N−メチル−N−フェニルスルファモイル)−2−(メチルアミノ)フェニルアミノ)−3−オキソプロピル)ピリジニウムクロライド
7.4−アミノ−1−(2−(1−メチル−5−(N−メチル−N−フェニルスルファモイル)−1H−ベンゾ[d]イミダゾール−2−イル)エチル)ピリジニウムクロライド
合成化合物の止血への効果の評価
ここで、新規合成化合物が存在する場合の凝固系の状況を、トロンビン凝固時間(TT)を測定する標準凝固試験、および2つの新しいインビトロ試験(空間での(in space)トロンビン生成および血塊成長速度の測定)を用いて、を評価した。内部または外部経路(internal or external path)での最大凝固活性のバックグランドに対して行い、この理由から、検討される系で凝固亢進状態を検出できない、凝固時間 (TT)を測定する標準試験と異なるので、これらの試験は、生物中で存在する活性に近い、顕著に低い初期活性で実施された。これにより、検討された血漿試料の低凝固および凝固亢進ともに探知できる。
トロンビン凝固時間試験は、一連の凝固反応、すなわち、系に加えられたトロンビンの効果で、血漿フィブリノゲンが不溶性のフィブリン塊への転換の最後である。定まった量の標準的に活性化したレベルにあるトロンビンを、3.8%クエン酸ナトリウム(pH=5.5)で調製した(血液対クエン酸比率=9:1)で調製した血液を遠心分離(1,300gで15分間)して得た貧血小板血漿(PPP)に加えた。この試験で測定される凝固時間は、血中にあるトロンビン阻害剤の数に依存する。強力なトロンビン阻害剤が、系中にある場合、加えられた酵素の活性を減じ、凝固を遅らせて、凝固時間が、長くなった。
多くの論文で、この方法は詳細に記述されている。(Hemker HC, Giesen PL, Ramjee M, Wagenvoord R, Beguin S. The thrombogram: monitoring thrombin generation in platelet-rich plasma. Thromb. Haemost, 2000; 83(4): 589-591; Hemker HC, AlDieri R, Beguin S. Thrombin generation assays: accruing clinical relevance. Curr. Opin. Hematol., 2004, ll(3):170-175; Hemker HC, Giesen P, AlDieri R, Regnault V, de Smed E, Wagenvoord R, Lecompte T, Beguin S. The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT): a universal routine test for hyper- and hypocoagulability. Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb., 2002, 32(5-6):249-253)この試験は、試料中における標準的な凝固活性レベルにおける、ある定まった時間内での血漿試料中で精製された活性トロンビンの動態および全量を測定するために用いられる。この出願人らの方法は、トロンビンによって分解され際に、高い蛍光性をもつ産物を生じる、ゆっくりと作用する蛍光基質(BOC−Ile−Gly−Arg−AMC)を用いて、トロンビン濃度を測定するのに適している。発行物質よりも蛍光物質を使用することは、蛍光レベルが、測定する細胞中で、形成された固体フィブリン塊にほとんど影響を受けないことによって、決定される。しかし、これは、発光物質の利用を制限する条件(qualification)である。(Hemker HC, Giesen P, AlDieri R, Regnault V, de Smed E, Wagenvoord R, Lecompte T, Beguin S. The calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT): a universal routine test for hyper- and hypocoagulability. Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb., 2002, 32(5-6) :249-253)他方、試料中のトロンビンの大部分(約95%)は、はじめの塊が形成された後に生じることは、一般的な知識である。(Hemker HC, AlDieri R, Beguin S. Thrombin generation assays: accruing clinical relevance. Curr. Opin. Hematol., 2004, ll(3):170-175)
空間での血塊成長速度は、時間をかけて空間にわたって進行する過程である凝固の動態について表す。この方法は、いったん凝固が開始し、異なる時間における血塊の大きさを決めるために、光分散を測定する。凝固は、空間に正確に位置された活性剤によって、攪拌することなしに、系において活性化される。或いは、活性剤は、内部経路(internal path)で接触活性化を引き起こす、接地した端(ground edge)を有する簡単なガラス板、または、外部経路(external path)で凝固を活性化する組織因子をその表面に付与する、線維芽細胞をコートしたポリエチレンテレフタル酸エステル膜であった。外部経路(external path)で凝固が活性化された場合、トウモロコシトリプシン阻害剤を、初期血漿に、濃度200mkg/ml で加え、系における接触凝固活性化を防止した。測定は、PPPを10,000gで10分間、さらに遠心分離して得た無血小板血漿(PFP)で行った。
健常提供者血液の晶質血漿代用液(NaCl0.9%)での希釈における凝固の増大、および代用液への様々な濃度のトロンビン活性阻害化合物HC−025s−IOCの添加による改善
3.8%クエン酸ナトリウム(血液対クエン酸比率=9:1)で調製した提供者の血液を、1,300gで15分間遠心分離した。いくらかの貧血小板血漿(PPP)は、さらに10,000gで10分間遠心分離し、無血小板血漿(PFP)を得た。次に、このようにして得られたPFPを、内在性トロンビン産生能を測定するために用いた.
Claims (6)
- 一般構造式(I)の化合物、およびその薬理学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物であって、
A−B−C (I)
式中、Cは、次の構造を含む群から選ばれる、
式中、R1、R2、R3、およびR4は、互いに独立して、水素または、C1〜C6のアルキル基であり、Bは、−(CH2)n−、nは1〜5の整数であり、Aは、次の構造を含む群から選ばれる、
式中、R5は、水素、C1〜C6のアルコキシ基、CH2NR10R11、およびCH(CH3)NR10R11を含む群から選ばれ、
式中、R6およびR7は、互いに独立して、水素または、C1〜C6のアルキル基、C1〜C6のアルコキシ基またはハロゲンであり、
R8は、水素または、C1〜C6のアルキル基であり、
R9は、次からなる群から選ばれる、
式中、R10およびR12は、互いに独立して、水素、C1〜C6のアルキル基、(CH2)mCOOR13、および(CH2)mCON(R13)2を含む群から選ばれ、
式中、mは、1から4の整数であり、
R13は、水素またはC1〜C6のアルキル基
R11は、C1〜C6のアルキル基、またはAr
Arは、水素、C1〜C6アルキル基、C1〜C6アルコキシ基、ハロゲン,N(R13)2、OH、NO2、CN、COOR13、CON(R13)2およびSO2R13の群から選ばれた1から5つの置換基をもつ、フェニル、ピリジル、オキサゾリル、チアゾリル、チエニル、フラニル、ピリミジニル、ピリダジニル、ピラジニル、インドリル、ベンゾフラニル、またはベンゾチオフェニルであり、
次を、例外とする、
一般構造式(I)の化合物、およびその薬理学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物。 - 血漿凝固を鈍化する能力のある、請求項1に記載の化合物、およびその薬理学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物、およびその薬理学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物の、哺乳類の血栓症疾患を治療するための抗凝血剤としての利用。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物および/若しくはその薬理学的に許容される塩または溶媒和物の治療有効量、並びに薬理学的に許容される担体を含む、血栓症疾患を治療するための医薬組成品。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物並びに/若しくはその薬理学的に許容される塩および/または溶媒和物を含むの含む、血液希釈における凝固亢進障害を改善するための血漿代用液。
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| JP2000516203A (ja) * | 1996-06-29 | 2000-12-05 | トライジェン・リミテッド | トロンビン阻害剤 |
| JP2001500864A (ja) * | 1996-09-13 | 2001-01-23 | メルク エンド カンパニー インコーポレーテッド | トロンビン阻害物質 |
| JP2005126428A (ja) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-05-19 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | チアゾリン誘導体およびその用途 |
| US20050159457A1 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2005-07-21 | Wenxi Pan | Aminopyridinyl-, aminoguanidinyl- and alkoxyguanidinyl-substituted phenyl acetamides as protease inhibitors |
| WO2005094828A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-10-13 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | 4- (sulfanyl-pyrimidin-4-ylmethyl) -morpholine derivatives and related compounds as gaba receptor ligands for the treatment of anxiety, depression and epilepsy |
| JP2009538931A (ja) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-11-12 | アボット・ラボラトリーズ | カンナビノイド受容体リガンドとしてのチアゾール化合物およびそれの使用 |
| JP2010531352A (ja) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-09-24 | オブシェストヴォ エス オグラニチェノイ オトヴェトストヴェノスチュ “ビオニカ” | 新規トロンビン機能性化合物およびそれらに基づいた医薬組成物 |
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| US5510369A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-04-23 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Pyrrolidine thrombin inhibitors |
| US5792769A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1998-08-11 | 3-Dimensional Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Guanidino protease inhibitors |
| US5792799A (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-08-11 | Athena Neurosciences, Inc. | Parenteral delivery of MAO A inhibitors |
| RU2300385C1 (ru) * | 2005-12-27 | 2007-06-10 | Елена Ивановна Синауридзе | Раствор для коррекции первичных нарушений гемостаза плазмозамещающими растворами нового состава |
| RU2353619C2 (ru) * | 2007-06-28 | 2009-04-27 | Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Бионика" | Новые соединения, обладающие функцией антикоагулянтов, фармацевтические композиции на их основе для лечения тромботических состояний и плазмозамещающий раствор для коррекции гиперкоагуляционных нарушений при гемодилюции |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010531352A (ja) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-09-24 | オブシェストヴォ エス オグラニチェノイ オトヴェトストヴェノスチュ “ビオニカ” | 新規トロンビン機能性化合物およびそれらに基づいた医薬組成物 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110003826A1 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
| CN101848894A (zh) | 2010-09-29 |
| AU2008269258A8 (en) | 2010-03-25 |
| CA2692363A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| EA020915B1 (ru) | 2015-02-27 |
| EA201000064A1 (ru) | 2010-06-30 |
| US8426433B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
| UA98969C2 (ru) | 2012-07-10 |
| WO2009002229A2 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| AU2008269258A1 (en) | 2008-12-31 |
| RU2007124202A (ru) | 2009-01-10 |
| CN101848894B (zh) | 2014-08-20 |
| RU2353619C2 (ru) | 2009-04-27 |
| WO2009002229A3 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
| KR20100028122A (ko) | 2010-03-11 |
| AU2008269258B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
| EP2178839A2 (en) | 2010-04-28 |
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