JP2009545660A - ニトリドシリケート種の蛍光体およびその蛍光体を有する光源 - Google Patents
ニトリドシリケート種の蛍光体およびその蛍光体を有する光源 Download PDFInfo
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910007991 Si-N Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910006294 Si—N Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- RSEIMSPAXMNYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Eu]O[Eu]=O RSEIMSPAXMNYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 37
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 6
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 nitride silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150063504 CAN2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000695 excitation spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002472 indium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBIRZFNPWYRWOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;phosphoric acid Chemical compound P.OP(O)(O)=O IBIRZFNPWYRWOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/77348—Silicon Aluminium Nitrides or Silicon Aluminium Oxynitrides
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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- C09K11/77928—Silicon Aluminium Nitrides or Silicon Aluminium Oxynitrides
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Abstract
Description
EP−A1568753号は赤色を発光し、且つMSiAlN3:Zの組成を有する蛍光体を開示する。この場合、Mは多くの場合Caであり、且つ活性体はEuである。この蛍光体はUVおよび青色スペクトルの範囲内で難なく励起される。それはLEDなどの光源に適している。EP−A1153101号は赤色発光蛍光体M2Si5N8:Euを開示し、ここでMはCaであってよく、とりわけ、活性体はEuである。さらには、EP−A1278250号は、非常に良好な熱挙動を有するEu活性化アルファサイアロンを開示し、その発光色領域は黄色スペクトルの範囲内である。
本発明の課題は、高効率を有する蛍光体を提供し、且つ前記の蛍光体を含む光源を特定することである。さらなる課題は、特に典型的なUVあるいは青色発光LEDの発光範囲内で励起され得る、赤色あるいは緑色を発光する蛍光体を提供することである。
Ca5-δAl4-2δSi8+2δN18:Eu、ここで|δ|≦0.5
によって定義される。即ち、新規の高シリコン相は常にアルミニウムより少なくとも40%多いシリコンを含有する。言い換えれば、Si/Alの比は少なくとも1.4である。
新規のEuドープした蛍光体は、特に、およそ化学量論組成比のCa5Al4Si8N18:Euを有していた。ここでCaはMを表す。この化学量論組成比は出発材料の組成に起因し、従って、化合物における特定の制限の範囲内で変化でき、なぜなら、ここで記載される相は相当な相の幅を有するからである。分析で標準偏差の範囲内の組成であることが確認される。新規相の存在範囲は明らかにCaAlSiN3:Euとは区別される。Ca5Al4Si8N18の基本格子は驚くべきことにXRD(X線回折図)において、JCPDS39−747の記載と同様の反射パターンを示す。対して、それはEP−A1568753号に記載の蛍光体CaAlSiN3:Euとは著しく異なる反射パターンを示す。この違いは、ルミネッセンス特性からも明らかに実証される。
原理的にフラックス、例えばCaF2、AlF3、LiFあるいはH3BO3を用いる、および用いないで、様々な例示的な実施態様を製造することが可能である。
Ca5-δAl4-2δSi8+2δN18:Eu ここで、|δ|≦0.5
この場合、それぞれの場合において活性体Euは、好ましくは0.5〜5mol%の範囲で、特に好ましくは1〜3mol%の範囲で、部分的に金属イオンを置き換える。この場合、パラメータδは|δ|≦0.5、且つ好ましくは−0.5≦δ≦0.35の範囲内であるべきである(図20参照)。これは製品の量子効率QEのパラメータ、視感輝度Vsおよび1−R値(Rは反射)がそのとき最高だからである。即ち、新規の高Si相のSi比は常に、Al比よりも少なくとも40%大きく(Si/Al>1.4)、且つCa/(Al+Si)比は常に0.375よりも大きい。従ってその化学量論組成比は、明らかに最大Ca/(Si+Al)比が1.5/12(文献値)=0.125を有するアルファ−サイアロン相とは異なる。
M5-δAl4-2δ+ySi8+2δ-yN18-yOy:Eu、ここで、|δ|≦0.5、
による。Y≦2の値がここでは好ましい。典型的には、酸素の2質量%より低い残留酸素比が、出発材料の酸素不純物および出発材料の選択および合成方法による結果として生じる。
Claims (18)
- 陽イオンMを有するM−Al−Si−N系
[式中、
MはCa単独で表される、あるいはCaとBa、Sr、Mg、Zn、Cd、Li、Na、Cuの群からの少なくとも1つのさらなる元素との混合物によって表される]
のニトリドシリケート種の蛍光体であって、前記蛍光体が、部分的にMを置き換えるEu、Ceの群からの少なくとも1つの元素で活性化されている蛍光体において、前記蛍光体がM2N2−AlN−Si3N4の系で指定される相を形成し、成分の原子比M:Al≧0.375であり、且つ原子比Si/Al≧1.4であることを特徴とする蛍光体。 - 活性体がEuであり、蛍光体が赤色を発光することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 活性体がCeであり、蛍光体が緑色を発光する、あるいは活性体がEu、Ceであり、蛍光体が緑色ないし赤色を発光することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 蛍光体がほぼM5-δAl4-2δSi8+2δN18、ここで|δ|≦0.5、の化学量論組成を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 蛍光体がほぼM5Al4Si8N18の化学量論組成を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 蛍光体がほぼM5-δAl4-2δ+ySi8+2δ-yN18-yOy、ここで|δ|≦0.5且つ0≦y≦2、の化学量論組成を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 蛍光体の主波長が、585〜620nmの範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の蛍光体。
- M=CaあるいはM=Ca1-xSrx、ここでx≦0.9あるいはM=Ca1-xMgx、ここでx≦0.5であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- M内での活性体Euの比が少なくとも0.5mol%、且つ好ましくは最大で5mol%であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の蛍光体。
- 蛍光体が光学的に、それも300〜485nmの範囲内、特に470nmまでで励起されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の蛍光体。
- 通常の斜方晶単位格子の最長軸aが0.950〜0.965nmの範囲内であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の蛍光体。
- 波長範囲300〜485nm内の光学スペクトル範囲の短波長範囲で光を発する一次光源を含む光源において、前記の光を請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも1つの1次の蛍光体によって、完全あるいは部分的に可視スペクトルの範囲において、二次的なより長い波長の光に変換することを特徴とする光源。
- 使用する一次光源がInGaNまたはInGaAlPによる発光ダイオード、あるいは特にインジウム含有封入物を有する低圧または高圧放電ランプ、あるいはエレクトロルミネッセンスランプであることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の光源。
- 一次光の一部をさらに2次蛍光体によってより長波長の光に変換させることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の光源。
- 一次光の一部をさらに3次蛍光体によってより長波長の光に変換させ、蛍光体を特に白色光を生成するのに好適に選択および混合することを特徴とする、請求項14に記載の光源。
- 光源が、外側の電球に収容された放電容器内に含まれる金属ハライド封入物を有する高圧放電ランプであり、1次の蛍光体を含有する光変換被膜が外側の電球上に適用されていることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の光源。
- 請求項1に記載の高効率蛍光体の製造方法において、下記の工程段階:
a)出発物質Ca3N2、AlNおよびSi3N4および活性体前駆体、とくにEu2O3を本質的に化学量論組成比で提供し、好ましくはフッ化物系フラックスを添加してもよく、それらの出発材料を例えばボールミル内あるいは粉砕ミル内で混合する段階、
b)この混合物を還元雰囲気中、1500〜1700℃の温度でアニールする段階、
を特徴とする方法。 - 少なくとも1つの光源を含む照明ユニットにおいて、前記光源は300〜485nmの範囲内の一次光を発光し、この光を光源の一次光に晒される蛍光体によって部分的あるいは完全により長い波長の光に変換し、前記の変換を少なくとも請求項1から11までのいずれか一項に記載のニトリドシリケート種に由来する蛍光体の補助によって行うことを特徴とする照明ユニット。
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