JP2009520870A - 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子によるポリマーの安定化 - Google Patents
酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子によるポリマーの安定化 Download PDFInfo
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 220
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims 2
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- ADFPJHOAARPYLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADFPJHOAARPYLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/32—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by oxidation or hydrolysis of elements or compounds in the liquid or solid state or in non-aqueous solution, e.g. sol-gel process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G9/00—Compounds of zinc
- C01G9/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本国際特許出願は、本明細書中に参照によって援用される2004年5月19日に出願された米国出願第10/848,882号の一部継続出願である、2005年12月20日に出願された次の米国特許出願第11/312,043号の優先権を主張する。
該当なし。
該当なし。
1.発明の分野:
本発明は、ポリマーに対する向上した安定化効果に関し、具体的にはポリマーを保護するためにナノ複合材料によって与えられる安定化効果に関する。
ポリマーの安定性は、所定のポリマーの有用性に関係する重要な要素である。残念なことに、大抵のポリマーは、酸化、熱、および光などの環境的要素の結果として、時間がたつにつれ分解する。ポリマーの分解を減少させるための、したがってポリマーの安定性を向上させるための、いくつかの方法は、分解を減少させるために、熱安定剤または紫外線安定剤などの、添加剤および/または充填剤を含有させることに頼っている。残念ながら、単一の添加剤または充填剤はまだポリマーを十分に安定化させることができず、いかなる単一の添加剤または充填剤も1つよりも多くの環境的要素から分解を防止し得ない。単一の添加剤または充填剤として提供され、1つよりも多くの環境的要素から分解を防止することができるポリマー用安定剤は、ポリマー産業に極めて有益となる。
1つの形態において、本発明は、分散されかつ約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有するZnOナノ粒子であって、該ZnOナノ粒子がポリマー材料に対して添加剤として与えられ、それによって安定化されたポリマー複合材料を形成し、その中でZnOナノ粒子が分散されたままであり、約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有するZnOナノ粒子を含む、ポリマー用安定剤組成物を提供する。該平均サイズの範囲は、少なくとも約1ナノメートルから20ナノメートル未満である。ZnOナノ粒子の平均粒子サイズは、約3ナノメートルの標準偏差を有する。
該当なし。
本発明は、ポリマー用安定剤、および安定化されたポリマー複合材料を提供する。該ポリマー用安定剤は、所望のモノマー、ポリマー、またはコポリマーと結合した場合、優れた熱安定性を有する安定化されたポリマー複合材料を提供する、ZnOナノ粒子の形態である。該ナノ粒子は、15ナノメートル以下の平均直径を有し、紫外(UV)線を吸収することができ、紫外線の安定剤として作用する。平均粒子サイズの標準偏差は、約3ナノメートルである。
KOHの0.28%メタノール液79 gを調製し、アルコール性溶液として使用した。該溶液を攪拌しながら60℃に加熱した。次いで0.44 g(約2 mmol)の酢酸亜鉛二水和物[Zn(OAc)2・2H2O]の粉末を還流および攪拌下、アルコール性溶液に加えた。酢酸亜鉛二水和物:KOHのモル比は、約1:2であった。約5時間連続して攪拌した後、該最終的な溶液を約23℃に冷却し、pHは7.0以上であり、最終的なpHは8.7であった。最終的な溶液の紫外線吸収の測定値は、該溶液が、本明細書中ナノ粒子(10)とも称されるZnOナノ粒子を含む透明なゾルであることを示した。紫外線吸収波長(λ1/2)は338 nmであった。ナノ粒子(10)の平均のナノ粒子サイズを計算すると、3 nmであった。
粉末状の組成物を、該粉末がDDABなしで調製された安定剤Bであること以外は実施例Aについて記載した方法と同様の方法を用いて得た。安定剤Bは、FT-IRによって確認すると、PMMAおよびZnOナノ粒子を含有していた。安定剤Bの元素分析は、ZnOナノ粒子は安定剤Bの2.5%であることを示した。
PMMA(Mn = 85,400)の3.8%メチルエチルケトン液5.5 gの混合物を実施例Aにおいて記載したように室温で調製した。次いで混合物を60 gのメタノールの中に注ぎ、沈殿を形成し、次いで該沈殿を約3時間後に遠心分離によって回収した。沈殿を60℃で約5時間乾燥させ、粉末を得た。粉末はFT-IRによって確認すると、PMMAを含有していた。粉末の熱分解温度を熱重量分析法によって測定した。粉末の試料に180℃で熱プレス成形を施し、成形された試料の外観を観察した。成形された試料の熱分解温度、および外観を表に示す。
20 nmの平均の報告された粒子サイズを有する市販のZnO粒子をメタノールに加え、次いで超音波分散を施し、本明細書中分散液(CD)と称されるZnO粒子のメタノール分散液を得た。
Claims (20)
- 分散されかつ約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有する酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子であって、該酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子がポリマー材料に対して添加剤として与えられ、それによって安定化されたポリマー複合材料を形成し、その中で酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が分散されたままであり、約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有する、酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子
を含む安定剤組成物。 - 安定化されたポリマー複合材料が熱および紫外線に対して安定化されている、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が、安定化されたポリマー複合材料の約20%未満である、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- ポリマー材料が(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、予備硬化(pre-cure)エポキシ樹脂、およびこれらの組み合わせである、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が凝集を減少させるためにその表面で修飾されている、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が安定化されたポリマー複合材料の約2.5%である、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 該平均サイズが3ナノメートル以下である、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 添加剤である、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 分散剤、熱安定剤、ポリマー加工助剤、難燃剤、衝撃改質剤、可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤、顔料、ガラス繊維、硬化剤、潤滑剤、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第二の添加剤をさらに含む、請求項1記載の安定剤組成物。
- 分散されかつ約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有する酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子であって、該金属酸化物が酸化亜鉛前駆物質から形成されているナノ粒子;ならびに
安定化されたポリマー複合材料を形成するために該酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子と結合させられた(メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、予備硬化(pre-cure)エポキシ樹脂、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むポリマー材料であって、酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が分散されたままであり、約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有するポリマー材料
を含む安定剤組成物。 - 添加剤である、請求項10記載の安定剤組成物。
- 添加剤が熱および紫外線に対する安定剤である、請求項11記載の安定剤組成物。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が凝集を減少させるためにその表面で修飾されている、請求項10記載の安定剤組成物。
- 分散剤、熱安定剤、ポリマー加工助剤、難燃剤、衝撃改質剤、可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤、顔料、ガラス繊維、硬化剤、潤滑剤、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第二の添加剤をさらに含む、請求項10記載の安定剤組成物。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が、安定化されたポリマー複合材料の約20%未満である、請求項10記載の安定剤組成物。
- (メタ)アクリル樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、予備硬化(pre-cure)エポキシ樹脂、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むポリマー材料中に、約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有する酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子を分散させ、それにより安定化されたポリマー複合材料を形成し、該酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が分散されたままであり、約15ナノメートル以下の平均サイズを有する
工程を含む、安定剤組成物の提供方法。 - 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が凝集を減少させるためにその表面で修飾されている、請求項16記載の方法。
- 平均サイズが3ナノメートル以下である、請求項16記載の方法。
- 分散剤、熱安定剤、ポリマー加工助剤、難燃剤、衝撃改質剤、可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤、顔料、ガラス繊維、硬化剤、潤滑剤、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される添加剤を加えることをさらに含む、請求項16記載の方法。
- 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子が、安定化されたポリマー複合材料の約20%未満である、請求項16記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US11/312,043 US20060194910A1 (en) | 2004-05-19 | 2005-12-20 | Stabilization of polymers with zinc oxide nanoparticles |
PCT/US2006/048387 WO2007075654A2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-19 | Stabilization of polymers with zinc oxide nanoparticles |
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JP2008547430A Pending JP2009520870A (ja) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-12-19 | 酸化亜鉛ナノ粒子によるポリマーの安定化 |
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US (1) | US20060194910A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1969046A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2009520870A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200728373A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007075654A2 (ja) |
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US20060194910A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
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WO2007075654A3 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
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