JP2009152215A - 燃料電池用補強型電解質膜、燃料電池用膜−電極接合体、及びそれを備えた固体高分子形燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池用補強型電解質膜、燃料電池用膜−電極接合体、及びそれを備えた固体高分子形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009152215A JP2009152215A JP2009070494A JP2009070494A JP2009152215A JP 2009152215 A JP2009152215 A JP 2009152215A JP 2009070494 A JP2009070494 A JP 2009070494A JP 2009070494 A JP2009070494 A JP 2009070494A JP 2009152215 A JP2009152215 A JP 2009152215A
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- fuel cell
- membrane
- electrolyte membrane
- reinforced
- polymer
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- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
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Abstract
【解決手段】多孔質基材に高分子電解質分散液を含浸した燃料電池用補強型電解質膜であって、該電解質膜の、シート状に加工する際の流れ方向(MD)及びMDの垂直方向(TD)の最大引張強度のいずれか一方が、23℃、相対湿度50%の時に70N/mm2以上、又は、80℃、相対湿度90%の時に40N/mm2以上であることを特徴とする燃料電池用補強型電解質膜。
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明で用いる多孔質基材は、その表面(特に細孔内表面)に高分子電解質を担持する担体として機能するものであり、強度及び形状安定性に優れたフッ素系樹脂であるポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン−クロロトリフルオロエチレン共重合体、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン、ポリブロモトリフルオロエチレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン−ブロモトリフルオロエチレン共重合体、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロビニルエーテル共重合体、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体等からなる多孔質基材が好適に用いられる。このようなフッ素系樹脂の重合度や分子量は特に制限されないが、強度及び形状安定性等の観点からフッ素系樹脂の重量平均分子量は10000〜10000000程度であることが好ましい。
(a)ペースト成形押出方法によって、約95%以上の結晶化度を有するポリテトラフルオロエチレン成形品を押出し、
(b)該成形品から液状潤滑剤を、該液状潤滑剤の蒸発温度より高く且つ該ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの結晶融点より低い温度で、該成形品を乾燥し、
(c)該成形品を該ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの結晶融点よりも低い温度で、1方向以上に延伸するに際し、単位時間当たりの延伸比率が10%/秒より大きな延伸操作を、該ポリテトラフルオロエチレンの結晶融点よりも低い昇温で施し、それによって延伸された成形品のマトリックス引張強さを14kg/cm2以上とする、
ことが開示されている。
実施例及び比較例に用いる多孔質基材は、下記の方法によりPTFEテープを二軸延伸し高度にフィブリル化することにより作製した。
引っ張り試験機にて、常温条件での環境温湿度(23℃、50%RH)又は高温多湿条件での環境温湿度(80℃、90%RH)において、初期チャック間距離:80mm、試験片形状:10mm幅矩形、引張速度200mm/minにて測定を行い、強度が最大になった時点での強度及び伸度を求めた。また、弾性率は伸度が2%の際の値を用いた。
10mm幅の試験片を電極間距離5mmの白金電極の付いた治具に取り付け、治具ごと30±0.5℃の蒸留水に1時間浸漬させる。その後に、LCRメーターを用いて測定周波数100kHzにてインピーダンスを測定する。その後、次式を用いてプロトン伝導度を計算する。
κ(S/cm)=1/インピーダンス(Ω)×端子間距離(cm)/試料断面積(cm2)
4×5cmに切り出した膜をフェントン試験液(H2O2:1%、Fe2+:100ppm)に浸漬し、80℃、8時間保持させた後の試験液のFイオン量をイオン電極により測定した。
即ち、初期性能は従来膜と同等を維持し、耐久時間が2倍以上向上した。
Claims (4)
- 延伸法によって多孔質化されたポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)膜に、高分子電解質としてスルホン酸基を有するパーフルオロカーボン重合体を含む分散液を含浸した燃料電池用補強型電解質膜であって、該電解質膜の、シート状に加工する際の流れ方向(MD)及びMDの垂直方向(TD)の最大引張強度のいずれか一方が、80℃、相対湿度90%の時に40N/mm2以上であることを特徴とする燃料電池用補強型電解質膜。
- 前記電解質膜の最大時引張強度の、流れ方向(MD)及びMDの垂直方向(TD)伸度のいずれか大きい方を分母とした時の伸度比が0.4〜1.0であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の燃料電池用補強型電解質膜。
- 燃料ガスが供給される燃料極と酸化剤ガスが供給される酸素極とからなる一対の電極と、該一対の電極の間に挟装された高分子電解質膜とを含む燃料電池用膜−電極接合体であって、該高分子電解質膜は、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池用補強型電解質膜であることを特徴とする燃料電池用膜−電極接合体。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池用補強型電解質膜を有する膜−電極接合体を備えた固体高分子型燃料電池。
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