JP2008526928A - 炭化水素の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008526928A JP2008526928A JP2007550809A JP2007550809A JP2008526928A JP 2008526928 A JP2008526928 A JP 2008526928A JP 2007550809 A JP2007550809 A JP 2007550809A JP 2007550809 A JP2007550809 A JP 2007550809A JP 2008526928 A JP2008526928 A JP 2008526928A
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- catalyst
- hydrocarbons
- mpa
- fatty acid
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
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- -1 lard Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OZPJREJEDXNPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O OZPJREJEDXNPCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ONKUXPIBXRRIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC ONKUXPIBXRRIDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FNAZRRHPUDJQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N henicosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FNAZRRHPUDJQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCC[CH]CCCC ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/08—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal with moving catalysts
- C10G1/086—Characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/45—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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Abstract
Description
出発物質または原料の起源は、例えば植物、動物および/または魚類の油脂およびこれらに由来する化合物など、バイオ油脂としても知られる再生可能な資源である。適当なバイオ油脂としては、例えば、脂肪酸および/または脂肪酸エステルを含む植物性油脂、動物性油脂、魚類の油脂およびこれらの混合物が挙げられる。特に適当である材料は、レイプシード油、カルザ油、カノーラ油、トール油、ヒマワリ油、大豆油、麻実油、オリーブ油、アマニ油、カラシ油、パーム油、ピーナッツ油、ヒマシ油、ココナッツ油などの木やその他の植物に由来する油脂、さらに遺伝子操作により品種改良された植物に含まれる脂質、ラード、獣脂、魚油などの動物由来の油脂、および乳に含まれる脂質、また食品産業における再生油、および上記の混合物である。
脱炭酸/脱カルボニル反応条件は使用する原料によって変えることができる。反応は液相で行なわれる。反応は、200〜400℃、好ましくは250〜380℃の温度で行なわれる。反応は大気圧で行なうことができる。しかしながら、反応物質を液相中に保持するため、特定の反応温度における原料の飽和蒸気圧より高い圧力を用いることが好ましく、したがって反応圧力は、原料の性質によって大気圧(0.1MPa)から15MPaの範囲、好ましくは0.1から5MPaの範囲である。
任意の溶媒は、150〜350℃の沸点範囲を有するパラフィン、イソパラフィン、ナフテンおよび芳香族炭化水素などの炭化水素、炭化水素を含む再利用工程流、およびこれらの混合物からなる群より選択され、好ましくは、本発明の方法によって得られた再利用生成物流が用いられる。
窒素、ヘリウムまたはアルゴンなどの不活性ガス、水素またはこれらの組み合わせからなるガス流であって、キャリアーガスともいうことのできるガス流を、任意に、反応中に生じたガス状生成物を除去するために使用することができる。ガス流は原料と混合することができ、また反応混合物に導入することができ、さらに反応装置の他の部分に導入することができる。長期間にわたって触媒活性を維持するため、および、特にエステルおよびトリグリセライドを出発物質として使用する場合に不飽和産物の生成を防止するため、原料は0.1〜40容量%、好ましくは2〜15容量%の水素を含むことができる。水素は、原料または反応混合物に好ましく加えられる。
脱炭酸/脱カルボニル反応の触媒は、周期律表の第VIII族に属する金属から選択される少なくとも1種の活性元素金属からなる担持不均一触媒である。適当な金属はPt、Pd、Ni、Ir、RuおよびRhであり、好ましくは、Al2O3、SiO2、Cr2O3、MgO、TiO2またはCなどの酸化物、メソ多孔体または炭素質担体上に担持されたPdおよびPtである。担体は、好ましくは、活性炭またはその他の炭素質担体もしくは構造触媒担体である。構造触媒担体としては、例えば炭素繊維、モノリスに付着したカーボンナノチューブおよび炭素布が適当な担体である。活性金属の担持量は、0.5〜20重量%、好ましくは2〜8重量%の範囲で変化する。ニッケルを用いる場合、その担持量は、2〜55重量%、好ましくは10〜30重量%の範囲で変化する。
ステアリン酸の脱炭酸
一連の実験は、加熱マントル、撹拌器、調節板および気泡ユニットを備えたパーオートクレーブで行なった。下記の表1に示された触媒1gをオートクレーブ中に入れ、水素流下、200℃で前処理した。前処理後、ドデカン(溶媒)85gとステアリン酸4.5gを反応器に仕込んだ。ヘリウムを反応器に通しながら、反応温度を300℃に維持した。キャリアーガスとしての役割を果たすヘリウムによって反応器から除去されるCO2を例外として、反応器圧を0.8MPaとすることにより、反応物質と生成物を液相中に保持した。反応に用いた触媒について、反応後90分におけるステアリン酸の変換ならびにC17−生成物および所望の産物であるヘプタデカン(かっこ内)への選択性を表1に示す。表1より、特に好ましい触媒はPd/CおよびPt/Cであることがわかる。
バイメタル触媒の存在下でのステアリン酸の脱炭酸
実施例1に記載したものと同様の方法において、バイメタル触媒であるPd(8重量%)Pt(2重量%)/C を用いた。反応後90分で、ステアリン酸の40モル%が、n−ヘプタデカン生成に対して83モル%の選択性で変換された。
異なるガスの存在下でのステアリン酸の脱炭酸
実施例1に記載された反応装置において、一連の3種の実験を行なった。すべての場合において、1gの触媒(Pd(5重量%)/C)を反応器に加え、ついで水素流下、200℃で触媒を還元した。続いてステアリン酸45gとドデカン40gを反応器に仕込んだ。反応を300℃で行なっている間、個々の実験においてそれぞれヘリウムガス、水素(5容量%)とアルゴン(95容量%)の混合ガス、および水素ガスにより反応器圧力を1.9MPaに維持した。ステアリン酸の変換率およびn−ヘプタデカンへの選択性を次の表2に記載する。表2より、水素(5容量%)と不活性ガスの混合物は、n−ヘプタデカンへの高い選択性(93モル%)を与えることがわかる。
ステアリン酸エチルの脱炭酸
実施例1に記載された反応装置において、別の3種の実験を行なった。すべての場合において、1gの触媒(Pd(5重量%)/C)を反応器に加え、ついで水素流下、200℃で触媒を還元した。続いてステアリン酸エチル50gとドデカン40gを反応器に仕込んだ。反応を300℃、330℃および360℃で行なっている間、水素(5容量%)およびアルゴン(95容量%)からなる混合ガスにより、反応器圧力をそれぞれ1.9MPa、2.3MPaおよび2.9MPaに維持した。表中の圧力単位は修正する。ステアリン酸エチルの変換率ならびにC17−生成物およびn−ヘプタデカン(かっこ内)への選択性を次の表3に記載する。
べヘン酸およびノナン酸の脱炭酸
実施例3と同様の方法において、べヘン酸54g(純度89%)およびドデカン45gを反応器中に仕込んだ。水素(5容量%)とアルゴン(95容量%)の混合ガスによる1.9MPaの反応器圧力下で、300℃で6時間反応後に、n−ヘネイコサン生成に関して45%の変換率および90モル%の選択性が達成された。同様に、ノナン酸を反応物質として使用した。反応が進行した結果、脱炭酸生成物であるオクタデカンが同程度の収率で得られた。
グリセロールトリステアリン酸の脱炭酸
実施例3と同様の方法において、グリセロールトリステアリン酸47gおよびドデカン45gを反応器中に仕込んだ。反応を360℃で行なっている間、水素(5容量%)とアルゴン(95容量%)の混合ガス流により、反応器圧力を4.2MPaに維持した。6時間反応後に、グリセロールトリステアリン酸の痕跡量(0.08重量%)のみが液相中に認められた。GPC分析によれば、C17−炭化水素生成に対する選択性は、グリセライドの変換に基づいて、少なくとも85重量%であった。C17−炭化水素異性体の混合物において、n−ヘプタデカンが主要生成物であった。クラッキング生成物に対する選択性は低かった。
脱炭酸/脱カルボニル中に生成したn−パラフィンの異性化
C15−C18 n−パラフィンを94重量%含むパラフィン仕込みを、固定ベッド反応器中で、340℃、60バールで異性化触媒により異性化した。水素は、1リッターのオイル仕込みあたり600リッターを反応器に供給した。異性化触媒は白金を基本にした市販触媒であった。異性化生成物は、C15−C18 イソパラフィンを67重量%含有していた。この生成物のくもり点は、仕込んだn−パラフィンが26℃であるのに比較して、−12℃であった。
連続法におけるラウリン酸の脱炭酸
ラウリン酸の連続的脱炭酸を、固定ベッド管状反応器中において270℃で行なった。Pd(5重量%)/C 触媒0.4gを反応器中に入れ、実施例1に記載した方法に従って前処理した。反応圧力を0.8MPaとし、二酸化炭素を除いて反応物質、生成物および溶媒(ドデカン)を液相に保持した。溶媒中に5モル%のラウリン酸を含む反応混合物を、触媒ベッドを通じて0.1ml/minの流量で連続的に供給した。ラウリン酸は、C11生成物に関して98モル%の初期選択性(92モル%のウンデカン選択性)をもって完全に変換された。
Claims (18)
- ディーゼル燃料プールに適した炭化水素の選択的製造方法であって、
脱炭酸/脱カルボニル反応を、
再生可能な資源に由来し、C8〜C24脂肪酸、C8〜C24脂肪酸誘導体、またはこれらの組み合わせからなる原料および任意の溶媒または溶媒の混合物を、任意に前処理した不均一触媒であって、白金、パラジウム、ニッケル、イリジウム、ルテニウムおよびロジウムから選ばれた1種以上の第VIII族の金属が、酸化物、メソ多孔体、炭素質担体および構造触媒担体から選ばれた担体に担持された触媒と接触させることにより行い、
前記反応を0.1MPaから15MPaの圧力下に、200〜400℃の温度で行い、
生成物として炭化水素の混合物を与えることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法であって、温度が250〜350℃であり、圧力が0.1〜5MPaであることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1または2記載の方法であって、不均一触媒を原料と接触させる前に、該触媒を100〜500℃の温度で水素により前処理することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法であって、不均一触媒を原料と接触させる前に、該触媒を150〜250℃の温度で水素により前処理することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法であって、生成物を異性化触媒存在下に、2〜15MPaの圧力範囲で、好ましくは3〜10MPaで、および、200〜500℃の温度で、好ましくは280〜400℃の温度で異性化することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項5記載の方法であって、生成物を、3〜10MPaの圧力範囲および280〜400℃の温度で異性化することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法であって、脱炭酸/脱カルボニル反応を液相で行なうことを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法であって、再生可能な資源が、植物および/または動物および/または魚類の油脂ならびにこれらに由来する化合物であることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法であって、原料が、木や植物に由来する脂質および油脂、遺伝子操作により品種改良された植物に含まれる脂質、動物由来の脂質および油脂、魚類由来の脂質および油脂および食品産業における再生油ならびにこれらの混合物から選ばれることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法であって、原料が、レイプシード油、カルザ油、カノーラ油、トール油、ヒマワリ油、大豆油、麻実油、オリーブ油、アマニ油、カラシ油、パーム油、ピーナッツ油、ヒマシ油、ココナッツ油、ラード、獣脂、魚油、および乳に含まれる脂質から選ばれることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法であって、原料が、レイプシード油、アマニ油、ヒマワリ油、獣脂およびラードのトリグリセライド画分またはトール油の分画物からなることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法であって、脂肪酸誘導体が、脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸トリグリセライドおよび脂肪酸金属塩からなることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の方法であって、第VIII族金属が白金またはパラジウムであることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の方法であって、担体が、Al2O3、SiO2、Cr2O3、MgO、TiO2、活性炭、炭素繊維、モノリスに付着したカーボンナノチューブおよび炭素布から選ばれることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれかに記載の方法であって、担体が、活性炭、炭素繊維、モノリスに付着したカーボンナノチューブおよび炭素布から選ばれることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれかに記載の方法であって、溶媒が、炭化水素、好ましくは150〜350℃の沸点範囲を有するパラフィン、イソパラフィン、ナフテンおよび芳香族炭化水素および炭化水素を含む再利用工程流ならびにこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選ばれることを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれかに記載の方法であって、0.1〜40容量%の水素を原料に添加することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜17のいずれかに記載の方法であって、2〜15容量%の水素を原料に添加することを特徴とする炭化水素の製造方法。
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JP2019528257A (ja) * | 2016-07-25 | 2019-10-10 | ザ ガヴァナーズ オブ ザ ユニバーシティー オブ アルバータThe Governors Of The University Of Alberta | 減少した酸価を有する炭化水素組成物の製造方法および短鎖脂肪酸の単離方法 |
JP2018035311A (ja) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | 国立大学法人九州工業大学 | バイオディーゼル燃料の製造方法及び脱炭酸触媒並びにバイオディーゼル燃料の製造に用いられた脱炭酸触媒の再生方法 |
JP2018070523A (ja) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-10 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 1炭素減炭反応用触媒、及びこれを用いた1炭素減炭化合物の製造方法 |
WO2018225759A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-12-13 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 脂肪族炭化水素及び一酸化炭素の製造方法 |
JP7176759B2 (ja) | 2017-06-06 | 2022-11-22 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 | 脂肪族炭化水素及び一酸化炭素の製造方法 |
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BRPI0606320A2 (pt) | 2009-06-16 |
ES2356086T5 (es) | 2021-03-04 |
KR101258133B1 (ko) | 2013-04-25 |
DK1681337T3 (da) | 2011-03-07 |
EP1681337B2 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
KR20070094913A (ko) | 2007-09-27 |
EP1681337B1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
DE602005025079D1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
CA2593277A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
ES2356086T3 (es) | 2011-04-04 |
CN101103093B (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
BRPI0606320B1 (pt) | 2016-03-29 |
CN101103093A (zh) | 2008-01-09 |
JP4951770B2 (ja) | 2012-06-13 |
WO2006075057A3 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
EP1681337A1 (en) | 2006-07-19 |
WO2006075057A2 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
RU2007130918A (ru) | 2009-02-20 |
RU2397199C2 (ru) | 2010-08-20 |
PL1681337T3 (pl) | 2011-05-31 |
CA2593277C (en) | 2012-10-23 |
ATE490298T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
PT1681337E (pt) | 2010-12-24 |
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