JP2007511612A - 減少された生体蓄積を有するキナゾリノン化合物 - Google Patents
減少された生体蓄積を有するキナゾリノン化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007511612A JP2007511612A JP2006541565A JP2006541565A JP2007511612A JP 2007511612 A JP2007511612 A JP 2007511612A JP 2006541565 A JP2006541565 A JP 2006541565A JP 2006541565 A JP2006541565 A JP 2006541565A JP 2007511612 A JP2007511612 A JP 2007511612A
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- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 title description 10
- AVRPFRMDMNDIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-quinazolin-2-one Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC(O)=NC=C21 AVRPFRMDMNDIDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 194
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 101710085775 Melanocortin receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 4
- -1 4-substituted phenylethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 294
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 102
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- IWELDVXSEVIIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CNCCN1 IWELDVXSEVIIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000003070 2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000940 2-methoxyphenyl ethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003507 tetrahydrothiofenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 168
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
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- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 41
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical class CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 18
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- NEMXVXVJGXZDRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl n-(azetidin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC1CNC1 NEMXVXVJGXZDRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D217/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems
- C07D217/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring
- C07D217/24—Oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
- A61P15/08—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for gonadal disorders or for enhancing fertility, e.g. inducers of ovulation or of spermatogenesis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- A61P15/10—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives for impotence
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
- A61P29/02—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID] without antiinflammatory effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、メラノコルチン−4受容体(MC4−R)アゴニストおよびそれらの調製方法に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、被験体に投与された際に生体蓄積減少特性を示すキナゾリノン化合物に関する。
メラノコルチンは、プロ−オピオメラノコルチンの翻訳処理後に生じるペプチド産物であり、種々多数の生理学的活性を有することが知られている。天然メラノコルチンとしては、種々のタイプのメラニン細胞刺激ホルモン(α−MSH、β−MSH、γ−MSH)およびACTHが挙げられる。これらの中で、α−MSHおよびACTHが主な内因性メラノコルチンであると考えられている。
本発明は、低分子である強力で特異的なアゴニストを提供する。例えば、本発明の一態様により、式IA、IB、それらの混合物、またはそれらの薬学的に受容可能な塩が提供され、
R1は、置換または非置換のアリールアルキル基、ヘテロアリールアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクリルアルキル基、シクロアルキルアルクル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、またはアルキル基から選択され;
R2は、Hまたは置換もしくは非置換のアリールアルキル基、ヘテロアリールアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロシクリルアルキル基、シクロアルキルアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、またはアルキル基から選択され;
R3、R4、およびR5は、独立して、H、Cl、I、F、Br、OH、NH2、CN、NO2、または置換もしくは非置換のアルコキシまたはアルキル基から選択され;
R3’は、Hまたは置換もしくは非置換のアリール基、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、ヘテロシクリルアルキル基、アリールアルキル基、ヘテロアリールアルキル基、またはシクロアルキルアルキル基から選択され;
Zは、さらに置換されていてもよい式
本発明は、低分子のメラノコルチン−4受容体(MC4−R)アゴニストの新規クラスに関する。これらの化合物は組成物へと製剤化でき、MC4−Rの活性化、または肥満、II型糖尿病、勃起機能障害、多嚢胞性卵巣疾患、肥満および糖尿病から引き起こされる合併症、およびX症候群などのMC4−R媒介性疾患の治療に有用である。
Boc:t−ブチルカルバメート保護基
Celite(登録商標):珪藻土試剤
DAST:(ジメチルアミノ)硫黄トリフルオリド
DCM:ジクロロメタン
DIBAL:ジイソブチルアルミニウムヒドリド
DIEA:N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMF:N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO:ジメチルスルホキシド
EDCl:塩酸1−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)−3−エチルカルボジイミド
EtOAc:酢酸エチル
EtOH:エタノール
Gold試薬:(ジメチルアミノメチレンアミノメチレン)ジメチルアンモニウムクロリド
HOBt:ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
HPLC:高性能液体クロマトグラフィ
HCl:塩酸
HBTU:O−ベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル−N,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルウロニウムヘキサフルオロホスフェート
KOH:水酸化カリウム
LC:液体クロマトグラフィ
MS:質量分析
MeOH:メタノール
mL:ミリリットル
NMO:N−モルホリンオキシド
NMP:1−メチル−2−ピロリジノン
NMR:核磁気共鳴スペクトル測定法
PS−CDI:ポリマー支持カルボジイミド樹脂
TFA:トリフルオロ酢酸
THF:テトラヒドロフラン。
ジクロロメタン中、N−Boc−アラニン(1当量)およびN−−ベンジルグリシンメチルエステル(1エステル)の攪拌溶液に、TEA(1当量)およびHOBt(1当量)、次いでEDClを加えた。この溶液をN2下48時間、室温で攪拌させた。反応液を10%HClで希釈し、有機層を分離し、MgSO4で乾燥した。粗製物を、シリカクロマトグラフィ(30%EtOAc/ヘキサン類)にかけて所望の生成物(1)を透明油(75%)として得た。
THF中BH3の攪拌溶液(1M、2当量)に、THF中のジペプチド(1)溶液を滴下しながら加えた。次に反応液を室温で24時間維持してから、メチレンクロリドで希釈し、NaHCO3で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥した。粗製物を、20%EtOAc/ヘキサン類により溶出するシリカクロマトグラフィにかけて所望の生成物(2)を無色油(40%)として得た。
エステル(2)を、TFA:CH2Cl2の50:50溶液中1時間攪拌した。次に溶媒を除去し、残渣をメチレンクロリドに溶解し、Na2CO3の飽和溶液により洗浄した。次いで有機層を分離し、MgSO4で乾燥して所望のピペラジン化合物(3)を白色固体(87%)として得た。
3のジクロロエタン溶液に室温で、3当量のクロロエチルクロロホルメートおよびHunig塩基(3当量)を加えた。溶液を一晩攪拌してから、反応液をシリカゲルカラム上に直接乗せ、EtOAc/ヘキサン類(4:6)で溶出するクロマトグラフィを行った。単離されたカルバメート中間体を、メタノールに溶解し、2時間加熱還流した。メタノールの除去により、所望のピペラジン−2−オン(4)を白色固体として得た(収率は、最適化されなかったが、2ステップで凡そ60%であった)。本発明の6−(S)−メチルピペラジン−2−オン化合物は、以下の方法に従ってチオ尿素中間体のカルボジイミドのEDC活性化により、次いで6(S)−メチルピペラジン−2−オンとカップリングすることにより作製された。
本発明の6−(S)−メチルピペラジン−2−オングアニジン化合物は、チオ尿素中間体のカルボジイミドのEDC活性化により本明細書に記載された方法に従って調製し、次いで6−(S)−メチルピペラジン−2−オンとカップリングすることによりカルボジイミドを得た。
メチレンクロリド(30mL)中、塩酸セリンメチルエステル(3.0g、19.28mmol)の攪拌溶液に、ベンズアルデヒド(1当量)、次いで2gの無水MgSO4を加えた。この混合物を密封フラスコ中、室温で20時間攪拌してから、ろ過し、ろ液を蒸発させた。残渣をメタノールに再度溶解し、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(1当量)を慎重に加えた。この混合物を30分間攪拌し、メチレンクロリドで希釈し、NaHCO3で洗浄してから、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥した。所望の標題化合物が黄色油として得られ、粗製物を用いた。N−4−メトキシベンジルセリンメチルエステルは、ベンズアルデヒドの代わりにアニスアルデヒドを用いて同様の様式で作製した。
メチレンクロリド中、ステップ1に記載されたように調製された粗製ベンジルアミノ酸およびトリエチルアミン(1当量)の氷冷溶液に、塩化クロロアセチル(1当量)を滴下しながら加えた。1時間後、反応液を10%HClで洗浄し、有機層を分離し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。粗製物を、60%EtOAc/ヘキサン類で溶出するクロマログラフを行い(Rf=0.3)、所望の標題化合物を無色油(67%)として得た。
ステップ2で調製された塩化物を、アセトニトリルに溶解し、ベンジルアミン(3当量)を加えた。この溶液を、20時間加熱還流すると、その間に固体がフラスコ内に形成した。反応液を冷却し、溶媒を除去した。残渣をメチレンクロリドに溶解し、10%HClで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥した。粗製物をシリカゲルプラグに通過させ(100%EtOAc、Rf=0.5)、白色固体(80%)を得た。ジ−N−4−メトキシベンジルシクロセリングリシンは、p−メトキシベンジルアミンおよび出発物質のp−メトキシベンジル誘導体を用いて同様の様式で作製した。
無水THF中、N2下、LiAlH4(10当量)の冷却混合物に、THF中のステップ3で生成された環式ジペプチドを滴下しながら加えた。生じた灰色混合物を、16時間加熱還流した。反応液を、H2O、NaOH、H2O(1:1:3)で慎重にクエンチし、生じた白色混合物はセライトを通してろ過した。ろ液を、MgSO4で乾燥し、濃縮して所望の生成物を無色油(93%)として得た。
メチレンクロリド中、DAST(2当量)の氷冷溶液に、ステップ4で調製されたアルコールを加えた。黄色溶液を0℃から室温で20時間攪拌した。反応液をNaHCO3で希釈し、有機層を分離し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。粗製物を、10〜50%EtOAc/ヘキサン類により溶出するシリカクロマトグラフィにかけて所望の標題化合物を黄色油(40%)として得た。
ステップ5の1,4−ジベンジルフルオロメチルピペラジンをジクロロエタンに溶解し、α−クロロエチルクロロホルメート(3当量)を加えた。生じた溶液を、16時間加熱還流した。反応液を、シリカゲルカラム上に直接乗せ、10〜20%EtOAc/ヘキサン類で溶出するクロマトグラフにかけた。中間体のジカルバメートを透明油として単離した。中間体のジカルバメート油を、メタノールに溶解し、2時間加熱還流した。次に溶媒を完全に除去して所望の脱保護ピペラジンを白色固体(2ステップで90%)として得た。
塩化オキサリルのメチレンクロリド溶液(2.0M、1.2当量)を含有する乾燥フラスコに、−78℃、窒素気流下でDMSO(2.4当量)を滴下しながら加えた。15分間攪拌後、1,4−ジ−p−メトキシベンジル−2−(R)−ピペラジンメタノール(1当量)のメチレンクロリド溶液を、滴下しながら加え、生じた溶液を1時間攪拌した。TEA(5当量)を加え、混合物をNaHCO3(水)に加え、分離し、MgSO4で乾燥した。ろ過後、ろ液を−78℃に冷却し、DAST(1.2当量)を滴下しながら加えた。生じた橙色溶液を12時間攪拌した。次いで反応液を重炭酸ナトリウム水で希釈し、有機層を分離し、シリカクロマトグラフィ(10%EtOAc/ヘキサン類)にかけて所望の標題のジフルオロ化合物を淡褐色油(33%)として得た。該ジフルオリドの脱保護は、α−クロロエチルクロロホルメートを用いてステップ6に記載されたものと同じ様式で実施し、白色固体(85%)を得た。
本発明の2−(R)−フルオロメチルピペラジンおよび2−(R)−ジフルオロメチルピペラジングアニジン化合物は、本実施例に記載された方法に従ってチオ尿素中間体のEDC活性化によりカルボジイミドが得られ、次いで2−(R)−フルオロメチルピペラジンまたは2−(R)−ジフルオロメチルピペラジンとカップリングすることにより調製した。
(カルボジイミドA)
(カルボジイミドB)
(ステップ1. 2−アミノ類縁体の合成)
別に特記しない限り、カルボジイミドAまたはカルボジイミドBなどのカルボジイミドのTHF溶液を、凡そ1.5当量の第一級または第二級アミンと共に室温で10分間攪拌した。(アミンが塩形態であった場合、アミンを最少量のメタノールに溶解し、2当量のトリエチルアミンを加えた)。反応液を窒素気流下で濃縮し、メタノールに溶解し、分取HPLCにより精製した。
(1)(1当量)のTHF溶液に、トリメチルホスフィン(1.5当量)を加え、混合物を室温で10分間攪拌した。このイミノホスホラン溶液に、(1S,2S,3S,5R)−2,6,6−トリメチルビシクロ[3.1.1]ヘプタ−3−イルイソシアネート(1.6当量)を加えた。この溶液を70℃で一晩加熱した。該カルボイミド溶液の半分に、(6S,2R)−2,6−ジメチルピペラジン(2当量)のTHF溶液を加えた。70℃で2時間加熱後、残渣をHPLC精製に供し、グアニジン生成物をそのTFA塩として得た。
(ステップ1 2−クロロ−N−[2−(4−フルオロ−フェニル)−エチル]−アセトアミド(1)の合成)
(ステップ1)
((3S)−N−{3−[2−(2−フルオロ−4−メトキシフェニル)エチル]−4−オキソ−2−ピリジン−3−イル−3,4−ジヒドロキナゾリン−7−イル}−3メチル−5−オキソ−N’−[(1S,2S,3S,5R)−2,6,6−トリメチルビシクロ[3.1.1]ヘプタ−3−イル]−ピペラジン−1−カルボキシミダミド(実施例216)の合成)
(HPLC法A 半極性法)
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、15%メタノールから100%メタノールで3.5分かけて、次に100%メタノールで1分かけて行った。カラムは、50℃に加熱し、流速は1.5mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、15%メタノールから100%メタノールで5分かけて、次に100%メタノールで1分かけて行った。カラムは、室温であり、流速は1mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、2%メタノールから100%メタノールで5分かけて、次に100%メタノールで1分かけて行った。カラムは、室温であり、流速は1mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、2%メタノールから100%メタノールで3.5分かけて、次に100%メタノールで0.5分かけて行った。カラムは、室温であり、流速は1.5mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、2%メタノールから100%メタノールで5分かけて、次に100%メタノールで1分かけて行った。カラムは、室温であり、流速は0.8mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
本法は、SynergiMax−RP(50×2.0mm)カラム(4μm粒径)上に3μLのサンプルの注入により達成された。溶出は、10%メタノールから100%メタノールで3分かけて、次に100%メタノールで1分かけて行った。カラムは、室温であり、流速は2.0mL/分であった。水は0.1容量%のギ酸を含み、メタノールは、0.075容量%のギ酸を含んだ。DADスキャンは、220nmから400nmまで採取された。
インビボ試験は、エネルギー摂取、体重、高インスリン血症、および血糖値に対するMC4−Rアゴニストの効果を見るために実施する。全ての試験は、肥満症の早期発症、インスリン耐性およびレプチン欠乏による糖尿病を示すオスの9〜10週齢ob/obマウスにより実施する。マウスは、試験1週間前に施設で馴化させ、個々にケージに入れて飼育する。媒体処置(コントロール)および薬物処置マウスの試験は、常時平行して行う。複数日試験において、マウス(1群につき8〜15匹)は、ベースラインの体重、ブドウ糖、インスリン、血中脂質の空腹時濃度、エネルギー消費をモニターしてから、本発明のMC4−Rアゴニストの3mg/kgを1日2回(午前9時および午後5時)、4週間注射する。体重ならびに飼料および水の摂取を毎日モニターする。動物は、週に一度、試験の終了までブドウ糖、インスリン、および脂質の空腹時濃度測定のために一晩絶食させる。エネルギー消費(安静時代謝率、すなわち、O2消費量およびCO2産生量)は、給餌動物に対する試験終了時に気密チャンバ内でモニターする。O2消費量およびCO2産生量は、Oxymaxシステム(Columbus Instruments)を用いて測定する。経口ブドウ糖負荷試験(OGTT−糖尿病および糖不耐性)は、試験終了時に一晩絶食マウスに対して実施する。血糖および経口耐糖性は、非エステル化遊離脂肪酸酵素アッセイ(Wako Chemicals)を用いて測定される。血清インスリン濃度は、免疫アッセイ(Alpco)により測定する。
飼料摂取に対する本発明の化合物の効果は、4週の試験を通してグラム/マウス/日を測定することにより判定する。飼料を毎朝モニターする。累積飼料摂取は、試験期間中のマウス消費の全グラム量を表す。本発明の化合物によりIP処置されたこれらのマウスにおいて、飼料摂取の有意な減少が立証される。
被験体動物における本発明の化合物の効果を見るためにインビボ試験を実施した。到着時20グラム体重のオスCD−1マウスを、これらの試験に用いた。HPMC/ツイーン溶液または懸濁液中の30mg/kgの化合物を、経口胃管を経て投与した。血漿、脳、および肝臓サンプルを、投与後1時間、2時間、4時間、8時間、および24時間の時点で採取した。1時点当り1匹のマウスを用いた。したがって、試験された各化合物に5匹のマウス全部を用いた。サンプル採取のため、マウスはCO2で安楽死させた。血液サンプルは、心臓穿刺により採血し、氷上に保存した。脳および肝臓サンプルは、放血直後に採取し、サンプルをドライアイス上に保存した。組織半減期(t1/2)の算出のため、組織濃度−時間プロフィルの終末相の対数線形回帰傾斜の絶対値により終末速度定数kを推定した。組織半減期(t1/2)は、ln(2)/kである。
Claims (20)
- 式IA、IB:
R1が、置換または非置換のアリールアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換または非置換のアリール基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリール基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換または非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリルアルキル基、置換または非置換のシクロアルキルアルキル基、置換または非置換のアルケニル基、置換または非置換のアルキニル基、または置換または非置換のアルキル基から選択され;
R2が、Hあるいは置換または非置換のアリールアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリールアルキル基、置換または非置換のアルコキシ基、置換または非置換のアルキルアミノ基、置換または非置換のジアルキルアミノ基、置換または非置換のアリール基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリール基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換または非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリルアルキル基、置換または非置換のシクロアルキルアルキル基、置換または非置換のアルケニル基、置換または非置換のアルキニル基、または置換または非置換のアルキル基から選択され;
R3、R4、およびR5が、独立して、H、Cl、I、F、Br、OH、NH2、CN、NO2、あるいは置換または非置換のアルコキシ基または置換または非置換のアルキル基から選択され;
R3’が、Hあるいは置換または非置換のアリール基、置換または非置換のアルキル基、置換または非置換のアルケニル基、置換または非置換のアルキニル基、置換または非置換のシクロアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリール基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリル基、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリルアルキル基、置換または非置換のアリールアルキル基、置換または非置換のヘテロアリールアルキル基、または置換または非置換のシクロアルキルアルキル基から選択され;そして
Zが、さらに置換され得る、式
- R3、R4、およびR5が全てHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R3’が、置換または非置換の多環式シクロアルキル基である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1が、置換または非置換のアリールアルキル基である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1が、置換フェニルエチル基である、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- R1が、4−置換フェニルエチル基であるか、または2,4−ジ置換フェニルエチル基である、請求項6に記載の化合物。
- R1が、2−フルオロ−4−メトキシフェニルエチル基、2−クロロ−4−メトキシフェニルエチル基、4−フルオロフェニルエチル基、4−クロロフェニルエチル基、4−クロロ−2−フルオロフェニルエチル基、2,4−ジクロロフェニルエチル基、4−ブロモフェニルエチル基、または4−ブロモ−2−フルオロフェニルエチル基から選択される、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- R1が、フェニルエチル基、2,4−ジクロロフェニルエチル基、4−メトキシフェニルエチル基、4−フェノキシフェニルエチル基、4−ブロモフェニルエチル基、4−メチルフェニルエチル基、4−クロロフェニルエチル基、4−フルオロフェニルエチル基、4−エチルフェニルエチル基、シクロヘキセニルエチル基、2−メトキシフェニルエチル基、2−クロロフェニルエチル基、2−フルオロフェニルエチル基、3−メトキシフェニルエチル基、3−フルオロフェニルエチル基、チエニルエチル基、インドリルエチル基、4−ヒドロキシフェニルエチル基、3,4−ジメトキシフェニルエチル基、2−クロロ−4−ヨードフェニルエチル基、2−フルオロ−4−メチルフェニルエチル基、4−クロロ−2−フルオロフェニルエチル基、4−ブロモ−2−フルオロフェニルエチル基、2−フルオロ−4−メトキシフェニルエチル基、2−トリフルオロメチル−4−フルオロフェニルエチル基、2,4−ジフルオロフェニルエチル基、2,4−ジメチルフェニルエチル基、2,4−ジメトキシフェニルエチル基、(2−ピリジル)エチル基、(3−ピリジル)エチル基、(4−ピリジル)エチル基、(ピリジル)(ヒドロキシメチル)エチル基、または(フェニル)(ヒドロキシメチル)エチル基から選択される、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2が、置換または非置換のヘテロシクリル基、あるいは置換または非置換のヘテロアリール基から選択される、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2が、置換または非置換のピリジニル基、置換または非置換のピペリジニル基、置換または非置換のピペラジニル基、置換または非置換のモルホリニル基、置換または非置換のチオモルホリニル基、置換または非置換のテトラヒドロフラニル基、置換または非置換のフラニル基、置換または非置換のピロリジニル基、置換または非置換のピロリル基、置換または非置換のチオフェニル基、置換または非置換のテトラヒドロチオフェニル基、置換または非置換のピラニル基、置換または非置換のテトラヒドロピラニル基、置換または非置換のテトラヒドロチオピラニル基、置換または非置換のピラジニル基、置換または非置換のチアゾリル基、置換または非置換のピリミジニル基、置換または非置換のキヌクリジニル基、置換または非置換のインドリル基、置換または非置換のイミダゾリル基、置換または非置換のトリアゾリル基、置換または非置換のテトラゾリル基、または置換または非置換のピリダジニル基から選択される、請求項10に記載の化合物。
- 薬学的に受容可能なキャリアおよび請求項1に記載の化合物を含む、薬学的処方物。
- 請求項1に記載の化合物を、MC4−R媒介性疾患の処置を必要とする被験体に投与する工程を包含する、MC4−R媒介性疾患を処置する方法。
- 前記疾患が、肥満症またはII型糖尿病である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が、高血液灌流を有する組織において35時間未満のt1/2値を示す、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記高血液灌流を有する組織が、脳、肝臓、腎臓または心臓から選択される、請求項19に記載の方法。
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- 2004-11-19 AU AU2004293012A patent/AU2004293012A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-19 EP EP04811698A patent/EP1686996A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-11-19 JP JP2006541565A patent/JP2007511612A/ja active Pending
- 2004-11-19 CA CA002545601A patent/CA2545601A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-19 KR KR1020067012089A patent/KR20060105785A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-19 US US10/993,147 patent/US7368453B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-11-19 WO PCT/US2004/039020 patent/WO2005051391A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-11-19 MX MXPA06005736A patent/MXPA06005736A/es active IP Right Grant
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2006
- 2006-05-17 IL IL175715A patent/IL175715A0/en unknown
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WO2002081443A1 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-10-17 | Chiron Corporation | Novel guanidino compounds |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1686996A4 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
IL175715A0 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
AU2004293012A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
KR20060105785A (ko) | 2006-10-11 |
US7368453B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 |
MXPA06005736A (es) | 2006-12-14 |
US20050192297A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
WO2005051391A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
EP1686996A1 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
CA2545601A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
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