JP2005532460A - 油または脂肪中の環境汚染物質の低減方法、揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体、健康サプリメントおよび動物飼料製品 - Google Patents
油または脂肪中の環境汚染物質の低減方法、揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体、健康サプリメントおよび動物飼料製品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005532460A JP2005532460A JP2004520966A JP2004520966A JP2005532460A JP 2005532460 A JP2005532460 A JP 2005532460A JP 2004520966 A JP2004520966 A JP 2004520966A JP 2004520966 A JP2004520966 A JP 2004520966A JP 2005532460 A JP2005532460 A JP 2005532460A
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Abstract
Description
本明細書中で用いる場合、環境汚染物質という用語は、好ましくは、毒性成分および/または殺虫剤、例えばポリ塩素化ビフェニル(PCB)、DDTおよびその代謝産物、海洋環境中に見出され、潜在的に有害であるかおよび/または有毒であると同定された有機化合物;ポリ塩素化トリフェニル(PCT)、ジベンゾ−ダイオキシン(PCDD)およびジベンゾ−フラン(PCDF)、クロロフェノールおよびヘキサクロロシクロヘキサン(HCH)、トキサフェン、ダイオキシン、臭素化難燃剤、ポリ芳香族炭化水素(PAH)、有機スズ化合物(例えばトリブチルスズ、トリフェニルスズ)ならびに有機水銀化合物(例えばメチル水銀)を意味する。
揮発性作業流体と、環境汚染物質を含有する食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油とを含む混合物中の環境汚染物質の量を低減させるための方法の数多くの好ましい実施形態が、以下に開示される。
以下の実施例1〜3では、デカクロロビフェニル0.60mg/kgを、汚染物質モデル物質として魚油組成物に添加した。デカクロロビフェニル中の高い塩素含量により、この化合物が、環境汚染物質、例えばPCB、DDTおよびその代謝物、トキサフェン、ダイオキシンおよび臭素化難燃剤より、低揮発性であることが確実になる。
トリグリセリド形態での脂肪酸およびデカクロロビフェニル(0.60mg/kg)を、魚油に比して8%((揮発性作業流体):(魚油)の比が約8:100である)、作業流体(本明細書中ではエチルエステル)とともにまたは伴わずに含有する魚油組成物を、実験室規模の分子蒸留により、600ml/時の速度および180℃の温度で蒸留した。用いたエチルエステル混合物は、EPAおよびDHAエチルエステル濃縮物の生成物からの副産物(留出物画分)であった。
トリグリセリド形態での脂肪酸およびデカクロロビフェニル(0.60mg/kg)を含有する魚油組成物を、実施例1と同様に、エチルエステル画分の形態の作業流体に添加した。次に、異なる流速で、しかし同一の温度(180℃)で実行された分子蒸留により、該油混合物をストリッピングした。
ここで、エチルエステル画分を、実施例1と同様に、デカクロロビフェニル(0.60mg/kg)を含有する魚油組成物に添加した。次に、異なる温度での分子蒸留により、該油混合物をストリッピングした。
本実施例は、魚油混合物中の汚染物質の量を低減させるための工業規模工程であって、分子蒸留前に該魚油混合物に揮発性作業流体を添加する過程を含む工程を示す。異なる環境汚染物質を含有するサーディン油63.9トンを、脂肪酸エチルエステル混合物(魚油のエチルエステル(8%))の形態の揮発性作業流体に添加した後、それを分子蒸留工程に付した。次に、温度200℃、圧力0.04mbar、混合物流速300L/時、加熱表面3m2で、該分子蒸留工程を実行した。
本実施例も、魚油混合物中の汚染物質の量を低減させるための工業的フルスケール工程であって、該魚油混合物に揮発性作業流体を添加する過程と、該混合物を添加された該揮発性作業流体とともに分子蒸留処理過程に付す過程とを含む過程を示し、この場合、該魚油中に存在する環境汚染物質は、該揮発性作業流体とともに該混合物から分離される。
本実施例では、大西洋産の(アトランティック)サーモンからの新鮮な副産物からの油を、本発明に従って加工処理した。本発明の方法は、揮発性作業流体を油混合物に添加し、そしてさらに該混合物を、添加された該揮発性作業流体とともに分子蒸留処理過程に付す過程を包含する。8%の作業流体((揮発性作業流体):(サーモン油)の比は、ここでは約8:100である)を該油に添加し、圧力1×10−3mbar、温度180℃、および混合物流速600mL/時で、蒸留工程を実施した。
本実施例では、環境汚染物質を除去するために、ベンゾ[a]ピレン(8.36μg/油1kg)を、本発明に従ってすでに処理済の魚油組成物に添加した。添加された該ベンゾ[a]ピレンを含有する該魚油組成物を、実施例1に記載したのと同様の方法で同一の蒸留設備を用いて加工処理した。脂肪酸エチルエステル混合物(該魚油に比して8%の作業流体)の形態の揮発性作業流体を該魚油組成物に添加した後、該組成物を分子蒸留工程に付した。温度180℃、圧力1×10−3mbarおよび混合物流速600mL油/時で、該分子蒸留工程を実施した。ベンゾ[a]ピレンの濃度を、処理前および処理後に分析した(表7参照)。
魚油のエチルエステル(8%)からなる作業流体を、養殖サケから生産された油に添加した。実施例1と同一の条件下で蒸留工程を実行し、8.3%の留出物画分を収集した。残留油の酸価は、蒸留前の0.4mgKOH/gから、蒸留後の0.1mgKOH/gへと低減され、そして処理の前および後に、夾雑物に関して該油を分析した。
魚飼料の生産のために購入された魚油を、実施例1に与えられたのと同一の条件下に分子蒸留工程により蒸留し、この出発原料である油は、6.8mgKOH/gの酸価を有していた。4.3重量%に相当する留出物の除去後、残留油の酸価は0.2mgKOH/gへと減少し、そして該出発原料である油中の環境汚染物質の量が低減された。
本実施例は、ヒマ油(ricinus oil)(ヒマシ油(castor oil)、トウゴマ(Ricinus communis L., Euphorbiaceae)の種子からの油)中の毒性化合物の量を低減させるための方法であって、ヒマ油混合物に揮発性作業流体を添加する過程と、該混合物を添加された該揮発性作業流体とともに分子蒸留処理過程に付して、該ヒマ油からの痕跡量のリシニンを該揮発性作業流体とともに該混合物から分離する過程とを含む方法を示す。
Claims (31)
- 環境汚染物質を含有する、食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油を含む混合物中の該環境汚染物質の量を低減させるための方法であって:
− 揮発性作業流体を該混合物に添加する過程であって、該揮発性作業流体が、脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アミド、遊離脂肪酸および炭化水素のうちの少なくとも1つを含む過程;および
− 該混合物が添加された該揮発性作業流体とともに少なくとも1回のストリッピング処理過程に付される過程であって、食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための該脂肪または油中に存在するある量の環境汚染物質が、該揮発性作業流体と一緒に該混合物から分離される過程
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記揮発性作業流体が、前記脂肪または油混合物から分離されるべき環境汚染物質と揮発性が本質的に等しいかまたはより少ない、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記揮発性作業流体が、前記環境汚染物質を含有する食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための前記脂肪または油中に含まれる遊離脂肪酸により構成される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アミド、および遊離脂肪酸のうちの少なくとも1つが、植物、微生物、および動物性脂肪または油のうちの少なくとも1つから得られる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記動物性脂肪または油が、魚油および/または海洋哺乳類から得られる油である、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記揮発性作業流体が、C10〜C22脂肪酸およびC1〜C4アルコールから構成される少なくとも1つの脂肪酸エステル、あるいは各々C10〜C22脂肪酸およびC1〜C4アルコールから構成される2つ以上の脂肪酸エステルの組合せを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための前記脂肪または油が、植物性、微生物性、および動物性脂肪または油のうちの少なくとも1つ、あるいはこれらの任意の組合せから得られる、請求項1記載の方法。
- 食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための前記脂肪または油が海産油である、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記海産油が、魚または海洋哺乳類から得られ、トリグリセリドの形態の少なくとも飽和および不飽和脂肪酸を含有する、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪または油が、化粧品または医薬的適用に用いるためのヒマ油である、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪または油が、少なくとも1つの植物油の少なくとも1つの脱臭法からの縮合物から調製されるトコフェロール濃縮物であり、前記トコフェロール濃縮物が、PAHおよび揮発性汚染物質のうちの少なくとも1つ、またはこれらの任意の組合せを含有する、請求項7記載の方法。
- (揮発性作業流体):(食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油)の比が約1:100〜15:100である、請求項1記載の方法。
- (揮発性作業流体):(食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油)の比が約3:100〜8:100である、請求項12記載の方法。
- 前記ストリッピング処理過程が、120〜270℃の間の温度で実行される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ストリッピング処理過程が、150〜200℃の間の温度で実行される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ストリッピング処理過程が、1mbarより低い圧力で実行される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの前記ストリッピング処理過程が、薄膜蒸発法、分子蒸留、またはショートパス蒸留、あるいはこれらの任意の組合せのうちの1つである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの前記薄膜蒸発法が、10〜300kg/h・m2の間の混合物流速で実行される、請求項17記載の方法。
- 食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油中に存在する環境汚染物質の量を低減させるのに用いるための揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体であって、脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アミド、遊離脂肪酸および炭化水素、あるいはこれらの任意の組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含む当該作業流体。
- 前記脂肪酸エステル、脂肪酸アミド、遊離脂肪酸のうちの少なくとも1つが、植物、微生物、および動物起源、またはこれらの任意の組合せのうちの少なくとも1つから得られる、請求項19記載の揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体。
- 前記動物起源が魚または海洋哺乳類である、請求項20記載の揮発性脂肪または油環境汚染物質低減作業流体。
- 食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための脂肪または油、好ましくは海産油を含む混合物中の、毒性成分のような環境汚染物質の量を低減させるための方法における、請求項19記載の揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体の使用であって、該脂肪または油は毒性成分を含有し、該方法において、該揮発性作業流体が該混合物に添加され、次に、該混合物が少なくとも1つのストリッピング処理過程、好ましくは薄膜蒸発法、分子蒸留またはショートパス蒸留、あるいはこれらの任意の組合せに付され、そして食用であるかまたは化粧品中に用いるための該脂肪または油中に存在する毒性成分の量が、該揮発性作業流体と一緒に該混合物から分離される使用。
- エチルおよび/またはメチルエステル濃縮物の生産のための通常方法からの蒸留物分画のような副産物である、揮発性環境汚染物質低減作業流体。
- 少なくとも海産油を含有する健康サプリメントであって、該海産油中の環境汚染物質の量を低減させるために、請求項1記載の方法に従って該海産油が調製される、当該健康サプリメント。
- 少なくとも魚油を含有する医薬品であって、該魚油中の環境汚染物質の量を低減させるために、請求項1記載の方法に従って該魚油が調製される、当該医薬品。
- 少なくとも海産油を含有する動物飼料製品であって、該海産油中の環境汚染物質の量、それぞれ遊離脂肪酸の量を低減させるために、請求項1記載の方法に従って該海産油が調製される、当該動物飼料製品。
- 魚飼料製品である、請求項26記載の動物飼料製品。
- ヒマ油を基礎にした化粧品であって、該ヒマ油中の環境汚染物質の量を低減させるために、請求項1記載の方法に従って該ヒマ油が調製される、当該化粧品。
- 請求項1記載の方法に従って調製される海産油製品。
- 魚油製品または魚油組成物である、請求項29記載の海産油製品。
- パーム油またはダイズ油のような少なくとも1つの植物脂肪または油の脱臭法からの縮合物から調製されるトコフェロール濃縮物を基礎にしたトコフェロール濃縮物製品であって、PAHおよび揮発性汚染物質のうちの少なくとも1つを含有し、そして前記トコフェロール濃縮物中のPAHおよび揮発性汚染物質の量を低減させるために、請求項1記載の方法に従って調製される、当該トコフェロール濃縮物製品。
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PCT/IB2003/002827 WO2004007654A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2003-07-08 | A process for decreasing environmental pollutants in an oil or a fat, a volatile environmental pollutants decreasing working fluid, a health supplement, and an animal feed product |
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |