JP2005527075A - 含ビニルホスホン酸を含む混合物、ポリビニルホスホン酸を含む高分子電解質膜、及び燃料電池におけるその用法 - Google Patents
含ビニルホスホン酸を含む混合物、ポリビニルホスホン酸を含む高分子電解質膜、及び燃料電池におけるその用法 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUOWJROPSMWGJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium 1-fluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCC(F)S([O-])(=O)=O WUOWJROPSMWGJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VAXNCPZUCRECEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F VAXNCPZUCRECEW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPODBZMYEGIFKO-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;1-fluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCC(F)S([O-])(=O)=O CPODBZMYEGIFKO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- LVTHXRLARFLXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F LVTHXRLARFLXNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSCGQEBKFSGWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F RSCGQEBKFSGWJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OVQAQBXRJOPVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1-fluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CCCC(F)S([O-])(=O)=O OVQAQBXRJOPVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F GLGXXYFYZWQGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XWCIXXXLOAAWPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-enylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CC=CP(O)(O)=O XWCIXXXLOAAWPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000005373 siloxane group Chemical group [SiH2](O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052665 sodalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dodecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O BTURAGWYSMTVOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940082004 sodium laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXNIEINRHBIHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-tridecafluorohexane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WXNIEINRHBIHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTYSMLZHHKBTKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;1-fluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC(F)S([O-])(=O)=O NTYSMLZHHKBTKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C PFBLRDXPNUJYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGOMVYSURVZIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro(nitroso)methane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)N=O PGOMVYSURVZIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C08J5/2243—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds obtained by introduction of active groups capable of ion-exchange into compounds of the type C08J5/2231
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2385/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2385/02—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon; Derivatives of such polymers containing phosphorus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1009—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with one of the reactants being liquid, solid or liquid-charged
- H01M8/1011—Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
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Abstract
Description
(B)ステップ(A)による混合物を用いて担体上に二次元構造を形成するステップ、及び
(C)ステップ(B)による二次元構造中に存在する含ビニルホスホン酸を重合させるステップ。
主鎖にポリマー性C−S結合を有するもの、例えばポリスルフィドエーテル、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリエーテルスルホン;
主鎖にポリマー性C−N結合を有するもの、例えばポリイミン、ポリイソシアニド、ポリエーテルイミン、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアニリン、ポリアラミド、ポリアミド、ポリヒドラジド、ポリウレタン、ポリイミド、ポリアゾール、ポリアゾールエーテルケトン、ポリアジン;
液晶ポリマー、特にVectra、並びに
無機ポリマー、例えばポリシラン、ポリカルボシラン、ポリシロキサン、ポリケイ酸、ポリシリケート、シリコーン、ポリホスファゼン及びポリチアジルがある。
Arは同じであるか又は異なっており、四価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar1は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar2は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価又は三価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar3は同じであるか又は異なっており、三価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar4は同じであるか又は異なっており、三価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar5は同じであるか又は異なっており、四価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar6は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar7は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar8は同じであるか又は異なっており、三価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar9は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価、三価又は四価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar10は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価又は三価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Ar11は同じであるか又は異なっており、二価の芳香族基又は複素環式芳香族基を表し、単核であっても多核であってもよく、
Xは同じであるか又は異なっており、酸素、イオウ、又はアミノ基を表し、この基はさらなる基として水素原子、1個〜20個の炭素原子を含有する基、好ましくは分岐型又は非分岐型アルキル基若しくはアルコキシ基、又はアリール基を有し、
Rは同じであるか又は異なっており、水素、アルキル基及び芳香族基を表し、
n及びmは10以上、好ましくは100以上の整数である。
Zr3(PO4)4、Zr(HPO4)2、HZr2(PO4)3、UO2PO4・3H2O、H8UO2PO4、Ce(HPO4)2、Ti(HPO4)2、KH2PO4、NaH2PO4、LiH2PO4、NH4H2PO4、CsH2PO4、CaHPO4、MgHPO4、HSbP2O8、HSb3P2O14、H5Sb5P2O20のようなリン酸塩、
H3PW12O40・nH2O(n=21〜29)、H3SiW12O40・nH2O(n=21〜29)、HxWO3、HSbWO6、H3PMo12O40、H2Sb4O11、HTaWO6、HNbO3、HTiNbO5、HTlTaO5、HSbTeO6、H5Ti4O9、HSbO3、H2MoO4のような多酸、
(NH4)3H(SeO4)2、UO2AsO4、(NH4)3H(SeO4)2、KH2AsO4、Cs3H(SeO4)2、Rb3H(SeO4)2のような亜セレン酸塩及びヒ素塩、
Al2O3、Sb2O5、ThO2、SnO2、ZrO2、MoO3のような酸化物、
ゼオライト、ゼオライト(NH4 +)、層状ケイ酸塩、骨格状ケイ酸塩、H−ソーダ沸石、H−モルデン沸石、NH4−方沸石、NH4−方ソーダ石、NH4−没食子酸、H−モンモリロナイトのようなケイ酸塩、
HClO4、SbF5のような酸、
カーバイド、特にSiC、Si3N4、繊維、特にガラス繊維、ガラス粉及び/又は好ましくはポリアゾールを基本成分としたポリマー繊維のような充填材。
Rは単結合、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2によって置換されていてもよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、−CNによって置換されていてもよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10であり、
yは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である。)、並びに/又は次式の化合物、
Rは単結合、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2によって置換されていてもよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、その各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、−CNによって置換されていてもよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である。)、並びに/又は次式の化合物、
Aは式COOR2、CN、CONR2 2、OR2及び/又はR2の基を表し、R2は水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN及びNZ2によって置換されていてもよく、
Rは単結合、二重結合C1〜C15アルキレン基、C1〜C15アルキレンオキシ基例えばエチレンオキシ基、又は二重結合C5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2によって置換されていてよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基はその各部分においてハロゲン,−OH、−CNによって置換されていてよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である。)
を含んでいる。
RはC1〜C15アルキル基、C5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基、NR’、−SO2、PR’、Si(R’)2を表し、以上の基はその各部分において置換されていてもよく、
R’は互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、C5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、
nは2以上である。
実施例1:PBI−VPA混合物の製造工程
独国特許第10052237.8号に記載されているように、固有粘度(intrinsic viscosity)が0.8dl/gのポリベンズイミダゾール(PBI)ポリマーをジメチルアセトアミドに溶かして、16%のPBI−DMAc溶液を形成する。次いで、強く攪拌して水を加えながらこの溶液からPBIポリマーを沈澱させて、坩堝型ガラス濾過器で濾過する。次いで、これにより得られた湿ったポリマーを、残留湿分が86%となるように、結晶皿で50℃で16時間にわたって処理する。次いで、これにより得られたPBIポリマー270gを平底フラスコ(plane ground flask)に投入する。ここに、Clariantから入手可能なビニルホスホン酸(97%)720gを加える。175℃で4時間にわたって緩やかに攪拌することにより混合物を調製する。
実施例1による混合物を150℃でポリエチレンテレフタレートの担体上にナイフ塗布して、非自立膜を得る。この非自立膜を、2,2’−アゾ−ビス(イソ酪酸アミジン)塩酸5%と、Clariantから入手可能なビニルホスホン酸(97%)50gと、N,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミド0.356gとを含有する水溶液1.25gから成る溶液内で20時間にわたって室温に置く。次いで、膜を130℃で3時間にわたって処理する。このようにして得られた膜は、厚みが180μmである。かかる膜の伝導性についてインピーダンス分光測定によって測定した結果を表1にまとめる。熱処理の後に微小硬度測定によって機械的特性(弾性率、硬度HU及びクリープCr)を決定した。このために、ビッカースダイヤモンドによって膜に連続的に20秒間以内で3mNまでの力を加えて、貫通深さを決定する。次いで、力を3mNで5秒間にわたって一定に保ち、貫通深さからクリープを算出する。これらの膜の特性を表2にまとめる。
実施例1による混合物を150℃でポリエチレンテレフタレートの担体上にナイフ塗布して、非自立膜を得る。この非自立膜を、33kGyの放射線量で電子線照射によって処理する。これにより得られた膜について、インピーダンス分光測定によって伝導性を決定する。これらの照射された膜の機械的特性(弾性率、硬度HU及びクリープCr)を微小硬度測定によって決定した。この膜の特性を表にまとめ、実施例2から得られる照射されていない膜と比較する。
実施例3を基本的に繰り返したが、66kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表2に示す。
実施例3を基本的に繰り返したが、99kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表2に示す。
実施例1による混合物を150℃でポリエチレンテレフタレートの担体上にナイフ塗布して、非自立膜を得る。この非自立膜を、Clariantから入手可能なビニルホスホン酸(97%)50gと、N,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミド1.4gとから成る溶液内で20時間にわたって室温に置く。次いで、この膜を33kGyの放射線量で電子線照射によって処理する。このようにして得られた膜について、インピーダンス分光測定によって伝導性を測定する。これらの照射された膜の機械的特性を微小硬度測定によって決定した。これらの膜の特性を表3にまとめる。
実施例6を基本的に繰り返したが、66kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表3に示す。
実施例6を基本的に繰り返したが、99kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表3に示す。
固有粘度が1.0dl/gのポリベンズイミダゾールポリマー100gを89%リン酸溶液250ml内で160℃で4時間にわたって処理する。次いで、過剰な酸を濾過器で吸引濾過して3回水洗する。次いで、このようにして得られたポリマーを10%水酸化アンモニウム(NH4OH)溶液100mlで2回中和した後に、蒸留水で2回処理する。ついで、このポリマーを160℃で1時間にわたって処理して、残留湿分を8%にする。次いで、Clariantから入手可能なビニルホスホン酸(97%)600gをこのように予備処理されたPBIポリマー65gに加える。150℃で4時間にわたって穏やかに攪拌しながら均一な溶液を形成する。
非自立膜を150℃でこの実施例9からの溶液からナイフ塗布する。
実施例10を基本的に繰り返したが、66kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表4に示す。
実施例10を基本的に繰り返したが、99kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表4に示す。
実施例10を基本的に繰り返したが、198kGyの放射線量で処理を行った点が異なる。得られたデータを表4に示す。
Claims (16)
- ポリビニルホスホン酸を基本成分としたプロトン伝導性高分子膜であって、
(A)ポリマーを含ビニルホスホン酸と混合するステップと
(B)ステップ(A)による前記混合物を用いて担体上に二次元構造を形成するステップと、
(C)ステップ(B)による前記二次元構造中に存在する前記含ビニルホスホン酸を重合させるステップと、
を含む方法により入手可能なプロトン伝導性高分子膜。 - ステップ(A)で用いられる前記ポリマーは、一つの繰り返し単位又は複数の異なる繰り返し単位中に少なくとも1個の窒素原子、酸素原子及び/又はイオウ原子を含有する高温安定なポリマーであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- 1種または複数のポリアゾール及び/又はポリスルホンがステップ(A)に用いられることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- ステップ(A)で生成される前記混合物は、次式の化合物、
Rは結合、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10であり、
yは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である)、並びに/又は次式の化合物、
Rは結合、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である)、並びに/又は次式の化合物
Aは式COOR2、CN、CONR2 2、OR2及び/又はR2の基を表し、R2は水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、COOZ、−CN及びNZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Rは結合、二重結合C1〜C15アルキレン基、C1〜C15アルキレンオキシ基、例えばエチレンオキシ基、又は二重結合C5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−COOZ、−CN、NZ2で置換されていてもよく、
Zは互いに独立に、水素、C1〜C15アルキル基、C1〜C15アルコキシ基、エチレンオキシ基、又はC5〜C20アリール基若しくはヘテロアリール基を表し、以上の基は交互にハロゲン、−OH、−CNで置換されていてもよく、
xは整数1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9又は10である)
を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。 - ステップ(A)で製造される前記混合物は、架橋を生ずることが可能な単量体を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- ステップ(C)による前記重合は、遊離基を形成することが可能な物質により行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- ステップ(C)による前記重合は、赤外若しくは近赤外光、紫外光、β線、γ線及び/又は電子ビームでの照射により行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記膜の真性伝導率(intrinsic conductivity)が0.001S/cm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記膜が0.5重量%〜97重量%の前記ポリマーと、99.5重量%〜3重量%のポリビニルホスホン酸とを含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記膜が触媒活性成分を含有する層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の膜。
- 請求項4に規定する含ビニルホスホン酸と、該含ビニルホスホン酸における溶解度が1重量%以上である1種または複数のポリマーとを含有する混合物。
- 前記ポリマーは、一つの繰り返し単位又は複数の異なる繰り返し単位中に1個または複数の窒素原子、酸素原子及び/又はイオウ原子を含有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の混合物。
- 前期混合物が架橋を生ずることが可能な1種または複数の単量体を含有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の混合物。
- 前期混合物が遊離基を形成することが可能な1種または複数の開始剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の混合物。
- 請求項1から請求項10のいずれか一項または複数項に記載の膜を1枚以上含む膜−電極ユニット。
- 請求項15に記載の膜−電極ユニットを1個または複数個、及び/又は請求項1から請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の膜を1枚または複数枚含む燃料電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10213540A DE10213540A1 (de) | 2002-03-06 | 2002-03-06 | Lösung aus Vinylphosphonsäure, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Polymerelektrolytmembran aus Polyvinylphosphaonsäure und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
PCT/EP2003/002398 WO2003075389A1 (de) | 2002-03-06 | 2003-03-04 | Mischungen umfassend vinylhaltige phosphonsäure, polymerelektrolytmembranen umfassend polyvinylphosphonsäure und deren anwendung in brennstoffzellen |
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JP2010224932A Division JP2011052221A (ja) | 2002-03-06 | 2010-10-04 | プロトン伝導性高分子膜の製造方法 |
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JP2010224932A Pending JP2011052221A (ja) | 2002-03-06 | 2010-10-04 | プロトン伝導性高分子膜の製造方法 |
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US (1) | US20050147859A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1488473B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2005527075A (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20100076077A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100448086C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE308123T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2478252A1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE10213540A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2003075389A1 (de) | 2003-09-12 |
KR101022681B1 (ko) | 2011-03-22 |
CN100448086C (zh) | 2008-12-31 |
KR20100076077A (ko) | 2010-07-05 |
EP1488473B1 (de) | 2005-10-26 |
CA2478252A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
ATE308123T1 (de) | 2005-11-15 |
DE50301503D1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
US20050147859A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
JP2011052221A (ja) | 2011-03-17 |
DE10213540A1 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
EP1488473A1 (de) | 2004-12-22 |
CN1639901A (zh) | 2005-07-13 |
KR20050004796A (ko) | 2005-01-12 |
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