FR2626835A1 - COUPLING SADDLE - Google Patents

Abstract

A coupling fifth wheel comprises a traction coupling pivot disposed on the semi-trailer and a coupling plate receiving the pivot in a slot provided with inclined guide entry faces. This plate is placed on two bearing supports arranged on either side of the slot to balance the buckling movements between the towing vehicle and the semi-trailer and to facilitate coupling. The bearing support has inclined walls with which it is fixed to the traction vehicle. To decrease the build height and to improve the position of the center of gravity, as well as to increase rigidity, the coupling plate has a hemispherical bearing head on its lower surface, and the bearing bracket has a steel bearing shell. hemispherical shape receiving the coupling plate. The walls of the bearing bracket are secured to the bearing shell near its upper edges.

Description

SELLIT: COUPLING TEE

  The subject of the invention is a coupling saddle

  with a traction coupling pin arranged on the semi

  trailer and with a coupling plate receiving the pivot in a slot provided with inclined guide entry faces and a closing system, this plate being placed on at least two bearing supports di.sposed on either side of

  the slot through the intermediate of a hemispherical bearing head

  that in a hemispherical bearing shell and the support of

  bearing being fixed to the towing vehicle on inclined walls

  born. -In coupling fifths the semi-trailer

  _ supports with a coupling plate placed on the vehicle

  traction cule. These plates mainly receive the vertical forces. In addition, a traction coupling pivot was received on the semi-trailer, which is received by a

  slot in the coupling plate on the towing vehicle

  tion and which is locked in the coupling position by a

  2 closure that partially surrounds it. We transmit by this -

  pull coupling pivot substantially the forces -

horizontal.

  To be able to balance back-and-forth movements

  between the vehicle and the semi-trailer and to facilitate the ac-

  coupling, the coupling plate has been placed on an axis:

  transverse & longitudinal axis of the vehicle, susceptible: -

  perform limited pivoting. For this purpose we use a

  or several bearing supports supporting the coupling plate

  supports, which are fixed to the subframe of the vehicle

pull-out:. :

  Regarding the placement of the coupling plate -

  We can essentially distinguish two realizations.

  The first realization (DE-OS-1 655 55-5 and DE-GM-1 936 350) has

  for object a pivot bearing in which the coupling plate

  plement comprises bearing pivots which are placed in a bearing closed on all sides. The other known embodiment (DE-AS-1 031 141, DE-PS- 1 205 394, DE-PS-2 303 163 and EP-OS-0 038 928), including the coupling harness mentioned in

  beginning is an example, relates to a simple shell bearing

  the. The bearing support comprises for this purpose a bearing head on which the coupling plate is supported by means of a bearing shell. To make lifting impossible, crossbars are provided which are fixed on the coupling plate and which penetrate

the coupling head.

  Since we want to use as few materials as possible and achieve the highest possible stability,

  we ended up choosing coupling harnesses - in which -

  the bearing head on the bearing support is a hollow circular profile or in which two bearing supports are provided with hemispherical bearing heads. The support

  bearing has inclined walls comprising flas-

  at their ends for attachment to the subframe

  of the traction vehicle (DE-OS-2 303 163 and EP-0S-6 038 928).

  The requirement to have a center of gravity as low as possible for the semi-trailer necessarily necessitates a low height of construction of the bearing supports which one can

  mainly obtained with a low inclination

  dante of the walls. Another factor for a low construction height is that the bearing head supported by the supports is for example only in the form of a part of a cylinder or of a hemisphere. To also obtain a fairly large bearing surface, the walls must be fixed in the lower part of the bearing head. In addition to the small angle of inclination of the walls, this has the consequence, when

  the bearing support has a stress, a strong con-

  drag manifests itself at the junction between the wall and the head: 3

landing.

  In addition, the optimal rigidity of the bearing support--

  is not affected by the fact that the bearing head is not sufficiently supported .: To keep the use of materials and installation costs low, the bearing support with the bearing head, the walls and the flashes of fixing terminals, is

  manufactured in a single piece cast- in strong rise in cast iron.

  Since the bearing head is a hollow profile, only the manufacturer

  cation by core casting is possible. -

  The object of the invention is to improve the harness

  coupling described above in such a way that, in addition to greater rigidity, a load capacity is obtained

  more favorable and a less elevated structure height (cen-

  be of lower gravity} at the same time more economical manufacturing .: Using the coupling harness mentioned at the beginning,

  the objectives are achieved by placing the bearing head h6mi1s-

  spherical on the underside of the coupling plate and

  the hemispherical bearing shell on the bearing support.

  In addition, the inclined bearing support walls are fixed to the bearing shell near its upper edges: With the aid of the configuration according to the invention, the advantage is first obtained that the bearing shell can be place on the bearing support with its lower sound in the area of the fixing plane - of the bearing support of 1 such

  so that the whole housing occupies the lowest position -

  possible. This reduces the construction height of the bearing support and therefore the construction height of the entire coupling fifth wheel to a minimum. One arrives in this way, on the other side, at an advantageous location of the center of gravity for the semi-trailer. I1 further results, that it is possible by the arrangement of the bearing shell on the bearing support to fix the walls in the region of the upper edge of the bearing shell in such a way that they occupy without increasing the construction height, a more acute angle of inclination. In addition, a more advantageous force absorption is achieved .; At the same time, the constraint at the junction between the walls and the bearing shell is reduced and overall rigidity is obtained,

  In an advantageous embodiment, according to the invention

  tion, provision has been made for the bearing shell of the bearing support to be located with its lower apex approximately in the plane of attachment of the bearing support, and to be supported thereon.

the traction vehicle.

  By the direct support of the bearing shell in the area

  from its lower apex on the traction vehicle, one trans-

  puts the vertical forces substantially vertically and radi-

  wedging in the auxiliary subframe and inclined walls

  born are amply discharged. For the most part,

  tiel, receive only the transverse traction forces, To obtain a greater bearing surface of the bearing shell, this may include on its lower vertex a short projection, with which it rests on the traction vehicle, and the provision is preferably made for the projection to form part of a bearing wall, extending to the upper edge of the bearing shell, and disposed in the vertical diametral plane of the bearing shell, so that the vertical forces be supported over the entire

  periphery of the bearing shell directly on the dummy

frame.

  Another embodiment according to the invention is

  tinged by the fact that the hemispherical bearing head is hollow and covered with a plate which is placed in the coupling plate and holds there

  It follows from this measure that it is possible to manufacture

  quer the bearing head in a coupling plate made of a single cast piece without cast iron core, which reduces manufacturing costs. At the same time, the plate closing the bearing head can be formed from above, as a wear plate. This part will be made of a material most suitable for the purpose and the precise place of use. It is also possible to manufacture the bearing support with its cavities open towards the two opposite sides by a coreless casting. Other goals, characteristics and advantages appear

  will read the description of various modes of reac-

  sation of. the invention, made without limitation and in

look at the attached drawing, o: -

  - Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a: coupling fifth wheel in the area of a bearing support; and - Figure 2 shows a section offset by 900 by

compared to figure 1.

  The coupling harness shown in the drawing-

  has a coupling plate I placed on the vehicle

  traction. this plate is based on the dummy & ssis (non

  represented) of the traction vehicle by each of the

  bearing 2 on either side of the track coupling pivot

  tion or slot that receives the media. The bearing support 2 comprises a bearing shell 3 in the form of a part

  sphere, preferably hemisphere, open upwards.

  In the area of the upper limiting edges of the bearing shell 3 are fixed on the opposite sides of the walls 4 which 2 are inclined relative to the fixing plane-5, on the traction vehicle and end in flanges 6, in form of flanges provided with bores 7 arranged according to a standard .: The bearing support is fixed. 2 by screws to the subframe of the

traction vehicle. -

  In the embodiment shown, the shell of--.

  bearing 3 of the bearing support 2 is provided in the region of its lower sonunmet with a short projection 8, the lower surface of which is in the fixing plane and therefore, on the subframe It is possible to provide near the short projection 8 a lubrication bore 9, The saslie 8 is part of a vertical bearing wall 17, which is in the plane dîam. tral of the bearing shell (see Figure 21) so that the bearing shell rests on its entire diameter along

  a surface strip on the sub-floor.

  The coupling plate 1 comprises a bearing head 1 &, integral with it, head which is provided on its outer face with a bearing surface. 1l in the shape of a part of a sphere,

26Z6835

  preferably in the shape of a hemisphere. The bearing head 10 is formed, as shown in the drawing, of a hollow profile, in which the inner wall 12 is without undercut (upwards). The cavity of the bearing head 10 is covered on the upper side by a wear plate 13 which forms an integral part. with the coupling plate 1 and which is fixed, in the mode

  of embodiment shown, by screws 14. In this way.

  can manufacture the coupling plate 1 with the head.

  bearing 10 as a single piece of cast iron without a core The bearing head 10 has, on its closed front sides, recesses 15 which are traversed by a bar 16,

  fixed on the floor support, to protect the access plate

  coupling 1 against an uplift of the bearing support.

RIVEIJ3ICA qS: -

  1.- Coupling harness comprising a coupling pivot

  traction plate arranged on the semi-trailer and a coupling plate receiving the pivot in a slot provided with inclined guide entry faces and a system - closure ,. this plate being placed on at least two bearing supports

  arranged on either side of the slot by the intermediary-

  of a hemispherical bearing head in a hemispherical bearing shell and the bearing support being fixed to the towing vehicle on inclined walls, characterized in that the hemispherical bearing head (10) is placed on the lower cat coupling plate (1) and the hemispherical bearing shell (3) on the bearing support (2) and in that the inclined walls (4) of the bearing support (2: are fixed to the bearing shell (3) .Qs top edges of

this one. -

  2. Coupling harness according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing shell (3) of the bearing support (2) is located with its lower apex & approximately in the fixing plane (5) of the support bearing (2) and is there

  supported on the traction vehicle. -

  3. Coupling harness according to claim i f:

  or 2, characterized in that the bearing shell (3), comprises

  te on its lower somet a short projection (8> with which-

  the it is based on the traction vehicle.

  4.- Coupling harness according to claim 3, -.

  characterized in that the projection (8) is part of a support wall, extending up to the upper edge of the bearing shell (3), wall arranged in the vertical diametral plane of

the bearing shell (3).

  5.- Coupling harness according to any one of the--

  claims I to 4, characterized in that the bearing head

  hemispherical (10) is hollow and covered with a plate (13) which is placed in the coupling plate (1) and there

  is fixed by coming flush with its surface.

  6.- Coupling harness according to any one of

  claims I & 5, characterized in that the plate (13):

is designed as a wear plate.