FI59121C - Foerfarande foer framstaellning av xylos av loevtrae genom upploesning i tvao steg - Google Patents
Foerfarande foer framstaellning av xylos av loevtrae genom upploesning i tvao steg Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI59121C FI59121C FI3367/74A FI336774A FI59121C FI 59121 C FI59121 C FI 59121C FI 3367/74 A FI3367/74 A FI 3367/74A FI 336774 A FI336774 A FI 336774A FI 59121 C FI59121 C FI 59121C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- weight
- acetic acid
- xylose
- process according
- Prior art date
Links
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-VPENINKCSA-N aldehydo-D-xylose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-VPENINKCSA-N 0.000 title 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 alkali metal acetate Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001070947 Fagus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003742 xyloses Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000023514 Barrett esophagus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000219495 Betulaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Natural products CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N L-arabinopyranose Chemical compound O[C@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-HWQSCIPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-rhamnose Natural products CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-BXKVDMCESA-N aldehydo-L-rhamnose Chemical compound C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-BXKVDMCESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011257 shell material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K13/00—Sugars not otherwise provided for in this class
- C13K13/002—Xylose
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732358407 DE2358407C3 (de) | 1973-11-23 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Xyloselösungen | |
| DE2358407 | 1973-11-23 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI336774A7 FI336774A7 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-05-24 |
| FI59121B FI59121B (fi) | 1981-02-27 |
| FI59121C true FI59121C (fi) | 1981-06-10 |
Family
ID=5898885
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI3367/74A FI59121C (fi) | 1973-11-23 | 1974-11-21 | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av xylos av loevtrae genom upploesning i tvao steg |
| FI3368/74A FI56712C (fi) | 1973-11-23 | 1974-11-21 | Foerfarande foer aotervinning av ligning och cellulosa |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI3368/74A FI56712C (fi) | 1973-11-23 | 1974-11-21 | Foerfarande foer aotervinning av ligning och cellulosa |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3954497A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| JP (2) | JPS5083400A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| CH (2) | CH595450A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| FI (2) | FI59121C (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| FR (1) | FR2252408B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| GB (1) | GB1468388A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
| IT (1) | IT1025544B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1055127B (it) * | 1975-05-22 | 1981-12-21 | Sued Chemie Ag | Procedimento per la preparazione di soluzioni di xilosio |
| DE2545110C3 (de) * | 1975-10-08 | 1981-09-10 | Süd-Chemie AG, 8000 München | Verfahren zum zweistufigen Aufschließen der Hemicellulosen von xylanhaltigen Naturprodukten zwecks Gewinnung von Xylose |
| DE2553647C3 (de) * | 1975-11-28 | 1978-11-02 | Sued-Chemie Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Verfahren zum zweistufigen Aufschließen der Hemicellulosen von xylanhaltigen Naturprodukten zwecks Gewinnung von Xylose |
| AT372425B (de) * | 1980-11-20 | 1983-10-10 | Simmering Graz Pauker Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gewinnung von zellstoff |
| US5125977A (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1992-06-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Two-stage dilute acid prehydrolysis of biomass |
| FI113060B (fi) * | 1999-07-14 | 2004-02-27 | Xyrofin Oy | Menetelmä orgaanisten yhdisteiden valmistamiseksi |
| CN100408601C (zh) * | 2001-12-07 | 2008-08-06 | 备前化成株士会社 | 糖原的物理化学生产方法及该方法获得的糖原 |
| US7815741B2 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2010-10-19 | Olson David A | Reactor pump for catalyzed hydrolytic splitting of cellulose |
| US7815876B2 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2010-10-19 | Olson David A | Reactor pump for catalyzed hydrolytic splitting of cellulose |
| JP5456979B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-06 | 2014-04-02 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 低反応性β−グルカンの製造方法 |
| KR101657100B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-29 | 2016-09-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 리그노셀룰로오스계 바이오매스의 분별방법 및 분별장치 |
| EP2352878A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2011-08-10 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Sugar production by decrystallization and hydrolysis of polysaccharide enriched biomass |
| CN109554945A (zh) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 三富有限公司 | 竹柳提取水杨酸和过氢离子纤维素的方法 |
| CN110670397B (zh) * | 2019-10-12 | 2022-08-23 | 青岛大学 | 一种农业秸秆废弃物提取超细纤维的制备方法 |
| RU2740098C1 (ru) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-01-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова" | Способ гидролиза гемицеллюлоз растительных материалов для получения ксилозных растворов |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2801955A (en) * | 1955-11-17 | 1957-08-06 | Nat Starch Products Inc | Process for extraction of hemicellulose |
| US2835611A (en) * | 1956-06-28 | 1958-05-20 | Francis H Snyder | Production of sugars from wood products |
| US3212933A (en) * | 1963-04-12 | 1965-10-19 | Georgia Pacific Corp | Hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials with solvent extraction of the hydrolysate |
| US3251716A (en) * | 1964-05-28 | 1966-05-17 | Allied Chem | Hydrolysis of lignocellulose materials with concentrated hydrochloric acid |
| DE1567335C3 (de) * | 1967-10-17 | 1979-03-29 | Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. 8000 Muenchen Eickemeyer | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum chemischen Aufschluß cellulosehaltigen Materials |
| US3565687A (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1971-02-23 | Okamura Oil Mill | Manufacturing method of xylose with cottonseed hulls as material |
| US3784408A (en) * | 1970-09-16 | 1974-01-08 | Hoffmann La Roche | Process for producing xylose |
| NO128174B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) * | 1971-09-23 | 1973-10-08 | Toten Cellulosefab As |
-
1974
- 1974-11-08 IT IT29246/74A patent/IT1025544B/it active
- 1974-11-13 US US05/523,455 patent/US3954497A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-11-13 JP JP49130900A patent/JPS5083400A/ja active Pending
- 1974-11-18 GB GB4988074A patent/GB1468388A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-11-20 CH CH1543674A patent/CH595450A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-20 CH CH1543774A patent/CH599394A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-11-21 FI FI3367/74A patent/FI59121C/fi active
- 1974-11-21 FR FR7438254A patent/FR2252408B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-11-21 FI FI3368/74A patent/FI56712C/fi active
- 1974-11-22 JP JP49135072A patent/JPS5077554A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5083400A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-07-05 |
| FI59121B (fi) | 1981-02-27 |
| FR2252408A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-06-20 |
| FI56712C (fi) | 1980-03-10 |
| FI336774A7 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-05-24 |
| CH595450A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1978-02-15 |
| FI336874A7 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-05-24 |
| IT1025544B (it) | 1978-08-30 |
| FR2252408B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1977-08-19 |
| DE2358407A1 (de) | 1975-05-28 |
| DE2358407B2 (de) | 1976-04-01 |
| GB1468388A (en) | 1977-03-23 |
| FI56712B (fi) | 1979-11-30 |
| JPS5077554A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1975-06-24 |
| CH599394A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) | 1978-05-31 |
| US3954497A (en) | 1976-05-04 |
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