ES2349851T3 - Diseño de stent helicoidal. - Google Patents

Diseño de stent helicoidal. Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2349851T3
ES2349851T3 ES09165444T ES09165444T ES2349851T3 ES 2349851 T3 ES2349851 T3 ES 2349851T3 ES 09165444 T ES09165444 T ES 09165444T ES 09165444 T ES09165444 T ES 09165444T ES 2349851 T3 ES2349851 T3 ES 2349851T3
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Prior art keywords
stent
stent according
helical
curvilinear
elements
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Burns P. Doran
Robert T. Judnitch
Graig L. Kveen
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Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
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Boston Scientific Ltd Barbados
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/88—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure the wire-like elements formed as helical or spiral coils
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91508—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other the meander having a difference in amplitude along the band
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91516—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other the meander having a change in frequency along the band
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91525—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other within the whole structure different bands showing different meander characteristics, e.g. frequency or amplitude
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91533—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other characterised by the phase between adjacent bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • A61F2/915—Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheet material or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes with bands having a meander structure, adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/9155—Adjacent bands being connected to each other
    • A61F2002/91558—Adjacent bands being connected to each other connected peak to peak

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)

Abstract

Stent (10) para su implante en una cavidad del cuerpo, teniendo el stent una forma tubular abierta por los extremos definida por una estructura que comprende: al menos un elemento (11) de banda helicoidal alargado continuo que comprende partes (12) ondulantes separadas que forman partes (13) de lazo extremas, en el que las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal están desfasadas, extendiéndose el elemento de banda helicoidal sustancialmente en la longitud del cuerpo del stent, y una pluralidad de elementos (14) curvilíneos que se extienden al menos entre algunas de las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal en su longitud y las interconectan, caracterizado porque los elementos de interconexión curvilíneos están unidos a posiciones de las partes ondulantes diferentes a los extremos.

Description

La presente invención se refiere a stents. De forma general, un stent es un dispositivo que puede colocarse dentro de una cavidad o espacio interior del cuerpo para facilitar y asegurar la permeabilidad de una cavidad. La permeabilidad se refiere a un estado de abertura libre y resulta especialmente importante en el sistema vascular. El campo de la angioplastia está relacionado con la reconstrucción de vasos sanguíneos y los stents se usan, por ejemplo, para mantener los vasos sanguíneos abiertos o para recolocar desgarros de la íntima dentro de los vasos después de la angioplastia. No obstante, de forma más general, los stents pueden ser usados dentro de las cavidades de cualquier conducto fisiológico, incluyendo arterias, venas, vasos, el árbol biliar, el tracto urinario, el tracto elemental, el árbol traqueobronquial, el sistema genitourinario y el acueducto cerebral. Los stents pueden ser usados dentro de cavidades de animales y/o humanos.
Generalmente, los stents tienen una estructura tubular y pueden expandirse radialmente entre un tamaño o circunferencia de inserción no expandido y un tamaño o circunferencia de implante expandido que es más grande que el tamaño de inserción no expandido.
Una característica importante de un stent es que sea compresible y expansible radialmente para que el mismo pase fácilmente a través de un vaso sanguíneo o similar cuando está plegado y se expanda o pueda expandirse hasta su tamaño de implante después de haber alcanzado la ubicación del implante. También es deseable que un stent sea generalmente flexible en toda su longitud para que sea fácilmente maniobrable en los ángulos y curvas del sistema vascular
o similar para alcanzar la ubicación del implante y que el stent pueda adaptarse a la ubicación vascular al expandirse. De forma típica, también es deseable que un stent tenga una cantidad de espacio abierto sustancial para permitir la endotelización a lo largo de su longitud y minimizar la reacción ante un cuerpo extraño y la interferencia con los vasos sanguíneos colaterales y similares.
Se han introducido varios tipos de stents y varios diseños de stents. De forma general, los stents se clasifican como auto-expansibles, es decir, que se expanden por sí mismos, y expansibles por globo, es decir, que se expanden mediante un globo introducido en el stent.
Desde el punto de vista de los materiales, los stents pueden clasificarse como realizados a partir de varios metales, tales como acero inoxidable, nitinol, y a partir de varios plásticos.
Los stents pueden estar realizados a partir de estructuras estándar tubulares a partir de las cuales es posible cortar o morder un diseño deseado. Los mismos también pueden estar realizados a partir de alambre. Ambos tipos son bien conocidos.
En las patentes números US 5.562.697, US 5.540.713, US 5.575.816, US 5.569.295, US 5.496.365, US 5.344.426, US 5.139.480, US 5.135.536, US 5.810.872, US 5.226.913, US 5.716.396, US 5.370.683, WO 98/30173, FR 2 758 253 A y WO 98/40035 es posible encontrar detalles de stents de la técnica anterior.
WO 98/30173 se refiere a un stent que comprende una estructura que tiene curvas helicoidales que conforman una forma generalmente tubular que tiene un eje longitudinal y unos puentes que interconectan las curvas helicoidales. Los puentes están interconectados entre las curvas adyacentes de las vueltas helicoidales ondulantes para evitar el acortamiento del stent durante la expansión del mismo. En otras palabras, las vueltas helicoidales ondulantes adyacentes están en fase entre sí.
FR 2 758 253 A y WO 98/40035 se refieren a stents que consisten en anillos en zigzag circulares interconectados por conectores ondulados.
La patente US 5.810.872 se refiere a un stent helicoidal conformado por una sección tortuosa que tiene una pluralidad de elementos alargados que se extienden lateralmente y una pluralidad de elementos extremos que se extienden verticalmente situados entre dos elementos alargados adyacentes para conectarlos. La sección tortuosa está dispuesta en diagonal para conformar una forma cilíndrica con un primer diámetro que se extiende en forma espiral. Los elementos alargados se extienden generalmente en paralelo a un eje central de la forma cilíndrica. Una pluralidad de elementos de unión están situados entre dos elementos extremos dispuestos en la forma cilíndrica para mantener la forma.
Un objetivo de la invención es dar a conocer, como una realización preferida, un stent que comprende una serpentina enrollada helicoidalmente o una estructura ondulante que incluye elementos de conexión curvados, es decir, curvilíneos, que produce celdas flexibles cerradas en forma expandida. En combinación, las celdas flexibles proporcionan un stent continuo flexible que se expande de forma uniforme y permite obtener unas buenas características de resistencia radial, estructurales y de fatiga al expandirse.
Los stents que incorporan el diseño de la invención están realizados preferiblemente a partir de cable, del mismo modo que en la técnica anterior, o a partir de tubos, tales como tubos de metal, que se muerden o cortan por láser para obtener la configuración deseada del stent según la invención.
De forma general, la presente invención está definida por las características de las reivindicaciones y da a conocer un stent que comprende dos elementos estructurales principales, siendo el primero un elemento helicoidal alargado continuo que comprende partes ondulantes separadas que forman partes de lazo extremas periódicas, es decir, una configuración de serpentina, extendiéndose el elemento helicoidal sustancialmente en la longitud del cuerpo del stent para crear una configuración de stent cilíndrica. El segundo elemento comprende una pluralidad de conectores curvilíneos, más preferiblemente sinusoidales, que se extienden al menos entre algunas de las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal en su longitud y las interconectan, estando conectados preferiblemente a las partes de lazo extremas. También es posible usar una hélice paralela doble o múltiples hélices paralelas, aunque es preferible la hélice única descrita a continuación.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS
la figura 1 es una vista lateral de un stent extendido en forma plana según un primer diseño;
la figura 1a es una vista frontal de un stent antes de expandirse;
la figura 1b es una vista frontal de un stent después de expandirse;
la figura 2 es una vista similar a la figura 1 de otro diseño;
la figura 3 es una vista similar según un tercer diseño;
la figura 4 es nuevamente una vista similar de otro diseño;
la figura 5 es una vista similar de otro diseño;
la figura 6 es una vista similar de otro diseño;
la figura 7 es una vista parcial en forma plana de otro diseño de stent;
la figura 8 es una vista parcial en forma plana de otro diseño de stent; y
la figura 9 es una vista parcial en forma plana de otro diseño de stent.
Las figuras 1-9 no muestran stents de la invención, aunque muestran varios diseños de stent que pueden ser usados en los stents de la presente invención.
Aunque esta invención puede presentar numerosas realizaciones, en la presente memoria se describen de forma detallada realizaciones preferidas específicas de la invención. Esta descripción es una ejemplificación de los principios de la invención y no se pretende que limite la invención a las realizaciones específicas mostradas.
En la figura 1 se muestra un stent 10 de un primer diseño. El stent 10 está formado por una banda 11 helicoidal dispuesta en diagonal que está dispuesta en espiral en forma cilíndrica. La banda 11 incluye partes 12 ondulantes en toda su longitud continua para obtener una configuración de serpentina. Tal como puede observarse en la figura, cada una de las partes ondulantes incluye partes 13 extremas de lazo. Cada parte 13 extrema de lazo está interconectada a una parte 13 extrema separada longitudinalmente adyacente por un elemento 14 conector curvilíneo que, en este diseño, incluye dos curvas o partes 14a, y 14b en forma de U para formar un conector que tiene una forma sinusoidal preferida. Además, tal como puede observarse en la figura 1, en este diseño, los elementos 14 de interconexión unen preferiblemente las partes 13 extremas por sus extremos y se extienden directamente entre partes extremas adyacentes separadas longitudinalmente. No obstante, según la invención, los conectores están unidos a posiciones de las ondulaciones diferentes a los extremos. Además, con respecto al stent de la figura 1, debe observarse que las ondulaciones están desfasadas, tal como se indica mediante las líneas 16.
En esta realización, como en todas las realizaciones descritas, el stent está conformado preferiblemente a partir de material estándar tubular cortado por láser. No obstante, el tubo también puede ser mordido. Es posible conformar una configuración deseada a partir de lámina plana estándar que se dobla hasta la configuración cilíndrica deseada. Este es un procedimiento conocido en la técnica.
Cuando un stent tal como el mostrado en la figura 1 se implanta en la cavidad de un cuerpo, tal como una arteria, con el stent presentando un diámetro inicial D1 como el mostrado en la figura 1a al ser colocado en la cavidad y en la ubicación deseada, el stent puede curvarse y doblarse fácilmente en una cavidad serpenteante durante su colocación. A continuación, el stent se expande para presentar un segundo diámetro D2 como el mostrado en la figura 1b, que es más grande que el diámetro inicial D1, de modo que el stent queda implantado.
Cuando el stent se coloca y expande, se usa preferiblemente una unidad de catéter de colocación con un elemento expansible, tal como un globo, tal como es conocido en la técnica. Cuando la unidad de catéter con el globo se usa para colocar el stent, el stent está montado en el globo y la unidad de catéter se empuja hasta la ubicación del implante. A continuación, el globo se infla, aplicando radialmente una fuerza dentro del stent, y el stent se expande hasta su diámetro expandido.
Haciendo referencia en este caso a la figura 2, se muestra un segundo diseño de stent que es similar en muchos aspectos a la realización mostrada en la figura 1, excepto por el hecho de que los elementos 14 conectores sinusoidales se extienden entre partes 13 extremas que no son solamente adyacentes longitudinalmente, sino que están separadas entre sí hacia arriba o hacia abajo. Nuevamente, la configuración de serpentina está desfasada.
Haciendo referencia en este caso a la figura 3, se muestra otro diseño de stent que comprende elementos 11 estructurales ondulantes similares a los descritos haciendo referencia a las figuras 1 y 2. No obstante, en este diseño, los elementos 14 de conexión tienen una configuración diferente por el hecho de que las dos curvas 14a y 14b en forma de U son más cercanas entre sí, no siendo la configuración resultante estrictamente “sinusoidal” sino curvilínea.
También es posible usar otras configuraciones curvilíneas para los elementos conectores. Por ejemplo, es posible usar configuraciones en espiral como las descritas en la solicitud de patente US 08/846.164, presentada el 25 de abril de 1997, titulada “Improved Stent Configurations Including Spirals”.
Haciendo referencia en este caso a la realización de la figura 4, puede observarse que este diseño también es bastante similar al de la figura 1. No obstante, en este diseño, los extremos del stent no son diagonales, como los mostrados en la figura 1, sino que son cuadrados con respecto al eje longitudinal del stent 40.
Haciendo referencia en este caso a la figura 5, se muestra otro diseño de stent 50. Nuevamente, los elementos básicos de este stent son similares a los de los diseños anteriores, excepto por el hecho de que los elementos 11 helicoidales no tienen solamente una disposición en diagonal, sino también curvilínea. Esto puede observarse mediante las líneas 18.
Haciendo referencia en este caso al diseño mostrado en la figura 6, puede observarse que las ondulaciones del elemento 11 helicoidal pueden estar dispuestas en fase, tal como muestran las líneas 20. Este diseño no está cubierto por la presente invención.
Haciendo referencia en este caso a las figuras 7, 8 y 9, en cada figura se muestra un fragmento de stent 10 que incluye bandas 11 helicoidales. En las figuras 7 y 9, las bandas están formadas por celdas rectangulares interconectadas y, en la figura 8, las celdas son celdas unidas en forma de serpentina o diamante.
En estas figuras, los elementos 14 conectores curvilíneos son la configuración sinusoidal preferida.
Se pretende que los ejemplos y la descripción anteriores sean ilustrativos y no exhaustivos. Estos ejemplos y descripción sugerirán numerosas variaciones y alternativas para una persona con conocimientos medios de la técnica. Se pretende que todas estas alternativas y variaciones estén incluidas dentro del alcance de las reivindicaciones adjuntas.
A continuación se muestran ejemplos de stents:
1. Un stent para su implante en una cavidad del cuerpo, teniendo el stent una forma tubular abierta por los extremos definida por una estructura que comprende:
al menos un elemento de banda helicoidal alargado continuo que comprende partes ondulantes separadas que forman partes de lazo extremas, extendiéndose el elemento helicoidal sustancialmente en la longitud del cuerpo del stent, y
una pluralidad de elementos curvilíneos que se extienden al menos entre algunas de las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal en su longitud y las interconectan.
2.
El stent número 1, en el que las partes ondulantes tienen un diseño sinusoidal.
3.
El stent número 1, en el que los elementos curvilíneos se extienden entre los lazos de las partes ondulantes.
4.
El stent número 1, en el que los elementos curvilíneos incluyen al menos una curva.
5. El stent número 4, en el que la curva tiene forma de U.
6.
El stent número 1, en el que los elementos curvilíneos incluyen al menos dos curvas.
7. El stent número 6, en el que las curvas tienen forma de U.
8.
El stent número 6, en el que las curvas se abren en direcciones sustancialmente opuestas.
9.
El stent número 1, en el que las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal están en fase.
10.
El stent número 1, en el que las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal están desfasadas.
11. El stent número 1, en el que los elementos de interconexión se extienden entre partes extremas de lazo separadas longitudinalmente.
12. El stent número 1, en el que los elementos de interconexión se extienden entre partes helicoidales separadas longitudinalmente desde partes extremas de lazo que están separadas entre sí en diagonal y hasta las mismas.
5 13. Un stent para su implante en una cavidad del cuerpo, teniendo el stent una forma tubular abierta por los extremos definida por una estructura que comprende:
al menos un elemento de banda dispuesto helicoidalmente que forma una configuración tubular, estando formada la banda por una pluralidad de celdas 10 interconectadas cerradas;
una pluralidad de elementos conectores curvilíneos que se extienden entre partes separadas longitudinalmente de la banda en su longitud tubular y las interconectan.
14. El stent número 13, en el que las celdas de la banda son 15 rectangulares.
15. El stent número 13, en el que los conectores curvilíneos son sinusoidales.

Claims (12)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    1. Stent (10) para su implante en una cavidad del cuerpo, teniendo el stent una forma tubular abierta por los extremos definida por una estructura que comprende:
    al menos un elemento (11) de banda helicoidal alargado continuo que comprende partes (12) ondulantes separadas que forman partes (13) de lazo extremas, en el que las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal están desfasadas, extendiéndose el elemento de banda helicoidal sustancialmente en la longitud del cuerpo del stent, y
    una pluralidad de elementos (14) curvilíneos que se extienden al menos entre algunas de las partes ondulantes adyacentes del elemento helicoidal en su longitud y las interconectan, caracterizado porque los elementos de interconexión curvilíneos están unidos a posiciones de las partes ondulantes diferentes a los extremos.
  2. 2.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que el elemento (11) de banda helicoidal está dispuesto en diagonal excepto en los extremos del stent, donde el elemento de banda helicoidal es cuadrado con respecto al eje longitudinal del stent.
  3. 3.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que las partes (12) ondulantes tienen un diseño sinusoidal.
  4. 4.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que los elementos (14) curvilíneos se extienden entre los lazos de las partes (12) ondulantes.
  5. 5.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que los elementos (14) curvilíneos incluyen al menos una curva.
  6. 6.
    Stent según la reivindicación 5, en el que la curva tiene forma de U.
  7. 7.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que los elementos (14) curvilíneos incluyen al menos dos curvas.
  8. 8.
    Stent según la reivindicación 7, en el que las curvas tienen forma de U.
  9. 9.
    Stent según la reivindicación 7, en el que las curvas se abren en direcciones sustancialmente opuestas.
  10. 10.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que los elementos (14) curvilíneos se extienden entre partes (13) extremas de lazo separadas longitudinalmente.
  11. 11.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, en el que los elementos (14) curvilíneos se extienden entre partes helicoidales separadas longitudinalmente desde partes (13) extremas de lazo que están separadas entre sí en diagonal y hasta las mismas.
  12. 12.
    Stent según la reivindicación 1, que comprende un único elemento (11) de banda helicoidal.
ES09165444T 1998-10-23 1999-10-12 Diseño de stent helicoidal. Expired - Lifetime ES2349851T3 (es)

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EP2119415A1 (en) 2009-11-18
EP1757249B2 (en) 2016-07-20
WO2000024340A1 (en) 2000-05-04
ES2379862T3 (es) 2012-05-04
DE69934244D1 (de) 2007-01-11
US20100121430A1 (en) 2010-05-13
CA2347154A1 (en) 2000-05-04
EP2305175B1 (en) 2012-02-08
WO2000024340A9 (en) 2000-11-09
EP2119415B1 (en) 2010-09-29
ATE346566T1 (de) 2006-12-15
US20120136428A1 (en) 2012-05-31
US20050216076A1 (en) 2005-09-29
ES2354996T3 (es) 2011-03-21
ATE482674T1 (de) 2010-10-15
CA2347154C (en) 2008-01-22
US6488703B1 (en) 2002-12-03
US8221490B2 (en) 2012-07-17
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EP1123065A1 (en) 2001-08-16
US6042597A (en) 2000-03-28
ATE544429T1 (de) 2012-02-15
EP1757249A1 (en) 2007-02-28
US20030050690A1 (en) 2003-03-13
US7740654B2 (en) 2010-06-22
EP1757249B1 (en) 2010-11-10
ATE487438T1 (de) 2010-11-15
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US6949120B2 (en) 2005-09-27
EP1123065B1 (en) 2006-11-29
EP2305175A1 (en) 2011-04-06

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