ES2227068T3 - Caja de fusion de la medula espinal rellena de polimero. - Google Patents
Caja de fusion de la medula espinal rellena de polimero.Info
- Publication number
- ES2227068T3 ES2227068T3 ES01302070T ES01302070T ES2227068T3 ES 2227068 T3 ES2227068 T3 ES 2227068T3 ES 01302070 T ES01302070 T ES 01302070T ES 01302070 T ES01302070 T ES 01302070T ES 2227068 T3 ES2227068 T3 ES 2227068T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- bag
- receptacle
- orthopedic implant
- precursor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
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- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7097—Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants
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- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7097—Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants
- A61B17/7098—Stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant, e.g. balloon; devices for inserting or filling such implants wherein the implant is permeable or has openings, e.g. fenestrated screw
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- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7094—Solid vertebral fillers; devices for inserting such fillers
- A61B17/7095—Solid vertebral fillers; devices for inserting such fillers the filler comprising unlinked macroscopic particles
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
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- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0002—Two-dimensional shapes, e.g. cross-sections
- A61F2230/0004—Rounded shapes, e.g. with rounded corners
- A61F2230/0015—Kidney-shaped, e.g. bean-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2230/00—Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2230/0063—Three-dimensional shapes
- A61F2230/0065—Three-dimensional shapes toroidal, e.g. ring-shaped, doughnut-shaped
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
- A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
- A61F2310/00353—Bone cement, e.g. polymethylmethacrylate or PMMA
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/38—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of the spine, vertebrae or intervertebral discs
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Abstract
Implante ortopédico para su implante entre vértebras adyacentes que comprende un receptáculo flexible (44); y un polímero endurecido (58) dentro del receptáculo (44), caracterizado porque el receptáculo (44) es esencialmente anular.
Description
Caja de fusión de la medula espinal rellena de
polímero.
La presente invención se refiere a implantes
ortopédicos y, más concretamente, a dispositivos de fusión
espinales.
La fusión espinal típicamente implica la fusión
entre dos vértebras adyacentes mediante la extirpación de un disco
entre dos vértebras adyacentes y la colocación de una caja entre las
vértebras. La incisión en el paciente puede practicarse sobre los
lados anterior y posterior (estómago y espalda) y el disco es
extirpado entre las dos vértebras adyacentes. El disco incluye un
anillo que rodea un núcleo. El anillo se rompe, corta o extirpa de
cualquier otro modo de entre las vértebras, extirpándose también el
núcleo más blando. Se coloca una caja entre las vértebras en el
punto de extirpación del disco y se introduce un injerto óseo que
incluye partículas de hueso dentro de la caja, injerto que se
extiende entre las placas terminales de las vértebras adyacentes.
También pueden colocarse sobre el lado posterior de la espina dorsal
unos vástagos, con tornillos fijados a un vástago respectivo y que
se extiende hacia el interior de las vértebras respectivas.
El documento
US-A-5.888.220 divulga un
procedimiento y un aparato relacionado para usar técnicas
mínimamente invasivas para reparar tejido mediante el uso de un
balón hinchable que puede también utilizarse con un biomaterial
curable.
El documento
EP-A-0 398 497 divulga un
procedimiento y un aparato relacionado para formar un precursor de
implante y un implante in situ.
La presente invención proporciona un implante
ortopédico que incluye una bolsa que se coloca dentro de una cavidad
rodeada por un anillo de un disco y que incluye una cavidad central.
La bolsa se rellena con polímero, y la cavidad central definida por
la bolsa se rellena con una matriz de polímero y partículas
óseas.
La invención comprende, en una forma de la misma,
un implante ortopédico para su implante entre vértebras adyacentes
de una espina dorsal, que incluye una bolsa esencialmente anular; y
un polímero endurecido dentro de la bolsa.
La descripción divulga un procedimiento de fusión
de vértebras adyacentes de una espina dorsal, que incluye las etapas
de practicar un orificio de acceso en un anillo de un disco entre
las vértebras adyacentes; extirpar el núcleo situado dentro del
disco para constituir una cavidad rodeada por el anillo; colocar una
bolsa esencialmente anular dentro de la cavidad; rellenar la bolsa
con un polímero; inyectar partículas óseas dentro de la cavidad
rodeada por la bolsa anular y endurecer el polímero.
Una ventaja de la presente invención es que puede
implantarse un implante ortopédico entre vértebras adyacentes de una
espina dorsal con una técnica quirúrgica mínimamente invasiva.
Otra ventaja es que los ligamentos y tendones que
rodean la espina dorsal pueden ser adecuadamente tensionados.
Otra ventaja adicional más es que el paciente
puede empezar a desarrollar su actividad con el implante incorporado
poco después de la intervención.
Una ventaja adicional más es que el implante
puede ser implantado mediante una única incisión practicada en un
emplazamiento posterior, o puede ser implantado mediante una
incisión practicada en un emplazamiento posterior y/o anterior.
Las mencionadas características y ventajas de la
presente invención y el modo de alcanzarlas, se pondrán de
manifiesto y la invención será mejor comprendida con referencia a la
descripción subsecuente de una forma de realización de la invención
tomada conjuntamente con los dibujos que se acompañan, en los
cuales:
La Fig. 1 es una vista en corte, fragmentaria, de
una vértebra y un disco, que ilustra una orientación y tamaño de una
incisión efectuada en ellos;
la Fig. 2 es una vista en perspectiva que ilustra
la evacuación de un núcleo del interior de un disco;
la Fig. 3 es una vista en perspectiva que ilustra
el emplazamiento de una bolsa anular dentro de un disco;
la Fig. 4 es una vista en perspectiva de la bolsa
en estado relajado después de ser colocada dentro del disco;
la Fig. 5 es una vista en corte lateral de la
bolsa mientras se está rellenando con un polímero hasta una primera
cantidad predeterminada;
la Fig. 6 es una vista en corte lateral que
ilustra una matriz de polímero y partículas óseas que se está
inyectando en una cavidad rodeada por la bolsa;
la Fig. 7 es una vista en corte lateral que
ilustra la bolsa rellenándose hasta una segunda cantidad
predeterminada después de la inyección de partículas óseas;
la Fig. 8 es una vista en corte fragmentaria con
el implante ortopédico implantado dentro de un disco y cerrándose la
incisión;
la Fig. 9 es una vista en perspectiva de la bolsa
mostrada en las Figs. 4 a 9; y
la Fig. 10 es una vista en corte lateral de la
bolsa mostrada en las Figs. 4 a 10.
Los números de referencia correspondientes
indican partes correspondientes a lo largo de las diversas vistas.
La ejemplificación expuesta en la presente memoria ilustra una
forma de realización preferente de la invención, y dicha
ejemplificación no debe considerarse de ningún modo como limitativa
del ámbito de la invención.
Con referencia ahora a los dibujos, a
continuación se describirá una forma de realización del
procedimiento para fundir vértebras adyacentes de una espina dorsal.
La espina dorsal incluye una pluralidad de vértebras adyacentes 10,
estando separados cada par de vértebras adyacentes 10 por un disco
12. Un disco 12 puede resultar dañado por numerosas razones,
requiriendo así la fusión de las vértebras adyacentes.
La Fig. 1 ilustra una vista en corte fragmentaria
de una espina dorsal según se observa en una dirección paralela a la
espina dorsal de un paciente. Se supone que el disco 12 está dañado
hasta un extremo que requiere la fusión entre las vértebras
adyacentes 10. Con referencia a la Fig. 2, cada vértebra 10 incluye
unas placas terminales encaradas en sentido opuesto 24 sobre cada
extremo longitudinal de la misma. Cada disco 12 está interpuesto
entre un par de vértebras adyacentes, e incluye un anillo 26 que
rodea un núcleo 28.
Se practica una incisión 14 en la espalda 16 del
paciente utilizando un escalpelo 18 u otro instrumento cortante
apropiado. La incisión 14 puede mantenerse abierta utilizando el
instrumental apropiado 20. La incisión 14 se efectúa en un ángulo
aproximado al que se muestra en el disco 12, evitando de esta forma
un área 22 donde está situada la médula espinal. Después de
practicar la incisión, se conforma un agujero 30 dentro de un anillo
26 de un disco seleccionado 12 mediante procedimientos conocidos
como por ejemplo una broca o escalpelo. Como la incisión 14 se
practica en la espalda 16 del paciente, el agujero de acceso 30
generalmente se constituye en el lado posterior del disco 12.
Después de la formación del agujero de acceso 30,
el núcleo 28 es evacuado del interior del disco 12 (Fig. 3). Un tubo
de aspiración 34 o similar puede emplearse para extirpar el núcleo
28. La extirpación del núcleo 28 provoca la formación de una cavidad
42 dentro del disco 12 rodeada por el anillo 26. El tubo de
aspiración 34 es retirado de la cavidad 42 y de la incisión 14
después de la evacuación del núcleo 28.
Una bolsa flexible 44 que tiene una forma
esencialmente anular cuando está en posición relajada, se inserta
entonces dentro de la cavidad 42 (Fig. 4). Más concretamente, la
bolsa 44 es replegada e insertada dentro de un tubo de precarga 46.
El tubo de precarga 46 tiene un diámetro exterior ligeramente
inferior al diámetro interior del agujero de acceso 30 constituido
en el anillo 26. El tubo de precarga 46, con la bolsa 44 cargada en
su interior, es insertado a través de la incisión 14 y del agujero
de acceso 30 de forma que un extremo 48 del tubo de precarga 46 se
extienda a través del agujero de acceso 30 y hacia el interior de la
cavidad 42. Se hace entonces deslizar la bolsa 44 fuera del tubo de
precarga 46 para quedar introducida en la cavidad 42 como se indica
por las flechas 50. La bolsa 44 puede ser expulsada del tubo de
precarga 46 de cualquier manera apropiada, como por ejemplo
utilizando un émbolo (no mostrado) dispuesto dentro del tubo de
precarga 46 con un diámetro exterior que sea ligeramente más pequeño
que el diámetro interior del tubo de precarga 46.
La bolsa 44 se selecciona con una forma y tamaño
que genéricamente ocupe el perímetro de la cavidad 42 cuando está
dispuesta dentro de ella (Fig. 5). Un primer tubo flexible de
llenado 52 y un segundo tubo flexible de llenado 54 se fijan cada
uno a la bolsa 44 (Figs. 5 a 11). El primer tubo de llenado flexible
52 se extiende atravesando la bolsa 44 y termina en una porción de
la cavidad 42 rodeada por la bolsa 44 (Fig. 6). Por otro lado, el
segundo tubo flexible de llenado 54 se extiende por dentro y
termina en el interior de la bolsa 44. Un polímero de alta
resistencia es inyectado dentro de la bolsa 44 a través del segundo
tubo de llenado 54, como se indica por las flechas 56. Durante esta
primera etapa de llenado de la bolsa 44, el polímero 58 es inyectado
hasta sustancialmente llenar la bolsa 44 hasta una primera cantidad
predeterminada sin expandir o deformar la bolsa 44. En la forma de
realización mostrada, la bolsa 44 es porosa y el polímero 58 está
constituido por un polímero endurecible y biorreabsorbible, una
parte del cual pasa a través de la bolsa 44. El endurecimiento puede
efectuarse mediante la aplicación de energía, como por ejemplo
energía térmica, energía lumínica, o energía por rayos X, o la
adición de un catalizador químico. Durante la primera etapa de
llenado de la bolsa 44 mostrada en la Fig. 6, el polímero 58
preferentemente permanece en estado no endurecido.
Un injerto óseo en forma de partículas óseas 60
se inyecta entonces a través del primer tubo de llenado 52 hacia el
interior de la porción de la cavidad 42 rodeada por la bolsa 44
(Fig. 7), como se indica por las flechas 62. Debe entenderse que
también puede usarse un material de sustitución de las partículas
óseas. En la forma de realización mostrada, las partículas óseas 60
quedan suspendidas dentro de un líquido, como por ejemplo un
sustituto óseo sintético. El líquido en suspensión y las partículas
óseas son inyectados a través del primer tubo de llenado 52 y hacia
el interior de la cavidad 42 hasta que la porción de la cavidad 42
rodeada por la bolsa 44 está suficientemente rellena, como se
muestra en la Fig. 7. A continuación, las partículas óseas 60 son
retenidas dentro de la cavidad 42 y un polímero adicional 58 es
inyectado dentro de la bolsa 44 (Fig. 8). El polímero 58 es
inyectado dentro de la bolsa 44 hasta una segunda cantidad
predeterminada provocando la expansión de la bolsa 44. La bolsa 44
se expande en dirección axial (respecto del disco 12) y contacta con
las placas terminales 24. Adicionalmente, la bolsa 44 se expande en
dirección radial hacia adentro provocando la compresión radial y la
expansión axial de las partículas óseas 60 del interior de la
cavidad 42. Los ligamentos y tendones que rodean las vértebras 10
pueden así ser retensionadas expandiendo axialmente las partículas
óseas 60 entre ellos. Adicionalmente, el área de fusión está
provista de una gran área de contacto, ya que sustancialmente todo
el área contactada por las partículas óseas 60 y la bolsa 44
constituye un miembro de soporte de la carga. El compuesto de
polímero 58 situado dentro de la bolsa 44, así como el polímero que
rodea y transporta las partículas óseas 60 puede endurecerse hasta
un estado de soporte de la carga de una manera relativamente rápida.
Por ejemplo, el compuesto de polímero puede ser endurecido por
energía de rayos X o por un catalizador químico. Así, además de ser
mínimamente invasiva, el paciente puede rápidamente soportar la
carga de la espina dorsal al sentarse, levantarse, etc., después del
endurecimiento del polímero dentro del implante ortopédico 8. El
primer tubo de llenado 52 y el segundo tubo de llenado 54 se separan
cortándolos del implante ortopédico 8, como se indica en la Fig. 9,
y la incisión se cierra utilizando técnicas de cierre
apropiadas.
De la descripción precedente, puede apreciarse
que la presente invención proporciona un implante ortopédico 8 que
puede ser fácilmente implantado dentro de un disco 12 con
procedimientos quirúrgicos mínimamente invasivos. El endurecimiento
del polímero dentro de la bolsa entre las vértebras adyacentes 10
tiene lugar rápidamente y proporciona una gran área superficial para
transferir las cargas y una estructura estable para el
recrecimiento del hueso entre las vértebras.
Asimismo, la presente invención puede usarse en
un procedimiento para fundir vértebras adyacentes de una espina
dorsal, comprendiendo las etapas de:
practicar un agujero de acceso en un anillo de un
disco entre las vértebras adyacentes;
extirpar el núcleo del interior del disco para
constituir una cavidad rodeada por dicho anillo;
colocar una bolsa genéricamente anular dentro de
dicha cavidad;
rellenar dicha bolsa con un polímero;
inyectar partículas óseas dentro de una porción
de dicha cavidad rodeada por dicha bolsa anular; y
endurecer dicho polímero. Convenientemente, dicha
etapa de llenado puede comprender rellenar dicha bolsa con dicho
polímero hasta una primera cantidad predeterminada, y puede
comprender la etapa adicional de llenar dicha bolsa con dicho
polímero hasta una segunda cantidad predeterminada, teniendo lugar
dicha segunda etapa de llenado después de dicha etapa de inyección.
Es deseable que la segunda etapa de llenado pueda comprender dichas
partículas óseas en dirección radialmente hacia adentro hacia el
interior de una columna, y pueda expandir dicha columna en dirección
axial. Convenientemente, dicha expansión de dichas partículas óseas
en dirección axial puede cargar dichas partículas óseas contra la
placa terminal de cada una de dichas respectivas vértebras
adyacentes. Es deseable que dicha segunda etapa de llenado pueda
proporcionar un ajuste de la altura de dicho disco entre dichas
vértebras adyacentes.
En el procedimiento, dichas partículas óseas
pueden comprender astillas óseas. Asimismo, dichas partículas óseas
pueden estar suspendidas dentro de una matriz. Es deseable que dicha
etapa de práctica de un orificio de acceso pueda comprender la
práctica de dicho orificio en un lado de dicho disco.
Convenientemente, dicha etapa de extirpar puede comprender la
evacuación de dicho núcleo de dicho disco.
En el procedimiento, la etapa de colocar la bolsa
puede comprender subetapas de plegado de dicha bolsa;
insertar dicha bolsa plegada dentro de un tubo de
precarga;
insertar al menos un extremo de dicho tubo de
precarga dentro de dicha cavidad; y
empujar dicha bolsa plegada desde dicho tubo de
precarga hacia el interior de dicha cavidad.
En los procedimientos anteriormente descritos
dicha etapa de rellenar puede comprender la inyección de dicho
polímero bajo presión hacia el interior de dicha bolsa. Es deseable
que dicha bolsa pueda ser expandible bajo dicha presión.
Convenientemente, dicho polímero puede comprender un polímero
endurecible. Asimismo, dicho polímero puede ser endurecible mediante
alguna de las formas consistentes en energía térmica, energía
lumínica, energía por rayos X y agente catalizador.
En el procedimiento, dicha etapa de
endurecimiento puede comprender el endurecimiento de dicho polímero
con un catalizador químico. Asimismo, dicha bolsa puede comprender
una bolsa porosa que permita que algo de dicho polímero pase a su
través.
Claims (10)
1. Implante ortopédico para su implante entre
vértebras adyacentes que comprende un receptáculo flexible (44); y
un polímero endurecido (58) dentro del receptáculo (44),
caracterizado porque el receptáculo (44) es esencialmente
anular.
2. Precursor de implante ortopédico, que
comprende un receptáculo flexible (44); y un polímero endurecible
(58) dentro del receptáculo (44), caracterizado porque el
receptáculo es esencialmente anular.
3. Implante ortopédico, o precursor del mismo, de
acuerdo con las reivindicaciones 1 ó 2, caracterizado porque
adicionalmente comprende un tubo de llenado (54) conectado con
dicho receptáculo (44) para inyectar dicho polímero (58) dentro de
dicho receptáculo (44).
4. Implante ortopédico, o precursor del mismo, de
acuerdo con cualquier reivindicación precedente,
caracterizado porque dicho polímero (58) comprende un
polímero endurecible.
5. Implante ortopédico, o precursor del mismo, de
acuerdo con la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque dicho
polímero (58) es endurecible con una de entre energía térmica,
energía lumínica, energía por rayos X y un catalizador químico.
6. Implante ortopédico, o un precursor del mismo,
de acuerdo con cualquier reivindicación precedente,
caracterizado porque dicho polímero (58) comprende
polimetiletacrilato.
7. Implante ortopédico, o precursor del mismo, de
acuerdo con cualquier reivindicación precedente,
caracterizado porque dicho receptáculo (44) comprende un
receptáculo poroso que permite que algo de dicho polímero (58) pase
a su través.
8. Un equipo para un precursor de implante
ortopédico, caracterizado porque comprende:
i) un receptáculo (44) según se describe en una
cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1, 2, 3 ó 7; y
ii) un polímero endurecible (58) según se define
en una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2, 4, 5 ó 6.
9. Un equipo de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8,
caracterizado porque adicionalmente comprende un medio para
endurecer el polímero.
10. El uso de un polímero endurecible (58) o el
uso de un equipo de acuerdo con las reivindicaciones 8 ó 9 para la
fabricación de un precursor de acuerdo con la reivindicación 2 y
con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 7.
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US09/520,893 US6332894B1 (en) | 2000-03-07 | 2000-03-07 | Polymer filled spinal fusion cage |
US520893 | 2000-03-07 |
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ES01302070T Expired - Lifetime ES2227068T3 (es) | 2000-03-07 | 2001-03-07 | Caja de fusion de la medula espinal rellena de polimero. |
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EP (1) | EP1132061B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP4130535B2 (es) |
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CA (1) | CA2337593C (es) |
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ES (1) | ES2227068T3 (es) |
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EP1139872B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2009-08-19 | The Board of Trustees of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Assessing the condition of a joint and preventing damage |
US7239908B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2007-07-03 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Assessing the condition of a joint and devising treatment |
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JP2001276099A (ja) | 2001-10-09 |
AU772702B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
JP4130535B2 (ja) | 2008-08-06 |
EP1132061A3 (en) | 2002-01-30 |
CA2337593A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
US6332894B1 (en) | 2001-12-25 |
EP1132061B1 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
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