ES2163649T3 - Catalizadores para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado. - Google Patents

Catalizadores para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado.

Info

Publication number
ES2163649T3
ES2163649T3 ES96927594T ES96927594T ES2163649T3 ES 2163649 T3 ES2163649 T3 ES 2163649T3 ES 96927594 T ES96927594 T ES 96927594T ES 96927594 T ES96927594 T ES 96927594T ES 2163649 T3 ES2163649 T3 ES 2163649T3
Authority
ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
coupling reactions
catalysts
conduct
crossed coupling
crossed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
ES96927594T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Steffen Haber
Norbert Egger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clariant Produkte Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Clariant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE1995127118 external-priority patent/DE19527118A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1995135528 external-priority patent/DE19535528A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19620023A external-priority patent/DE19620023C2/de
Application filed by Clariant GmbH filed Critical Clariant GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ES2163649T3 publication Critical patent/ES2163649T3/es
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/0006Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
    • C07F15/006Palladium compounds
    • C07F15/0066Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0215Sulfur-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0225Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonic acid groups or the corresponding salts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/24Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
    • B01J31/2404Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/24Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
    • B01J31/2404Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
    • B01J31/2409Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/24Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
    • B01J31/2404Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
    • B01J31/2442Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems
    • B01J31/2447Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as substituents on a ring of the condensed system or on a further attached ring
    • B01J31/2452Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring comprising condensed ring systems and phosphine-P atoms as substituents on a ring of the condensed system or on a further attached ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07BGENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B37/00Reactions without formation or introduction of functional groups containing hetero atoms, involving either the formation of a carbon-to-carbon bond between two carbon atoms not directly linked already or the disconnection of two directly linked carbon atoms
    • C07B37/04Substitution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C253/00Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C253/30Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/30Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/32Esters thereof
    • C07F9/3205Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
    • C07F9/3229Esters of aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/38Phosphonic acids [RP(=O)(OH)2]; Thiophosphonic acids ; [RP(=X1)(X2H)2(X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
    • C07F9/40Esters thereof
    • C07F9/4003Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
    • C07F9/4021Esters of aromatic acids (P-C aromatic linkage)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/50Organo-phosphines
    • C07F9/5022Aromatic phosphines (P-C aromatic linkage)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/28Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
    • C07F9/50Organo-phosphines
    • C07F9/505Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation
    • C07F9/5063Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation from compounds having the structure P-H or P-Heteroatom, in which one or more of such bonds are converted into P-C bonds
    • C07F9/5077Preparation; Separation; Purification; Stabilisation from compounds having the structure P-H or P-Heteroatom, in which one or more of such bonds are converted into P-C bonds from starting materials having the structure P-Metal, including R2P-M+
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/40Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
    • B01J2231/42Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
    • B01J2231/4205C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
    • B01J2231/4211Suzuki-type, i.e. RY + R'B(OR)2, in which R, R' are optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, acyl and Y is the leaving group
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/02Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
    • B01J2531/0261Complexes comprising ligands with non-tetrahedral chirality
    • B01J2531/0266Axially chiral or atropisomeric ligands, e.g. bulky biaryls such as donor-substituted binaphthalenes, e.g. "BINAP" or "BINOL"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/82Metals of the platinum group
    • B01J2531/824Palladium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/80Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
    • B01J2531/84Metals of the iron group
    • B01J2531/847Nickel

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

SE PROPONE UN SISTEMA DE CATALIZADOR, EN ESPECIAL PARA LAS REACCIONES DE ACOPLAMIENTO CRUZADAS, QUE SE PUEDE OBTENER MEDIANTE REACCION A) DE UNA COMPOSICION DE PALADIO (II) CON B) UN LIGANDO DE FOSFANO SOLUBLE EN AGUA Y C) UN SULFOXIDO O UN ALCOHOL POLIVALENTE.
ES96927594T 1995-07-25 1996-07-24 Catalizadores para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado. Expired - Lifetime ES2163649T3 (es)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995127118 DE19527118A1 (de) 1995-07-25 1995-07-25 Verfahren zur Durchführung von Kreuzkupplungsreaktionen
DE1995135528 DE19535528A1 (de) 1995-09-25 1995-09-25 Verfahren zur Durchführung von Kreuzkupplungsreaktionen
DE19620023A DE19620023C2 (de) 1996-05-17 1996-05-17 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphinat- oder Phosphonatgruppen enthaltenden tertiären Phosphanen und neue Phosphinatgruppen enthaltende tertiäre Phosphane

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ES2163649T3 true ES2163649T3 (es) 2002-02-01

Family

ID=27215318

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES96927595T Expired - Lifetime ES2150688T3 (es) 1995-07-25 1996-07-24 Procedimiento para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado.
ES96927594T Expired - Lifetime ES2163649T3 (es) 1995-07-25 1996-07-24 Catalizadores para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado.

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
ES96927595T Expired - Lifetime ES2150688T3 (es) 1995-07-25 1996-07-24 Procedimiento para la realizacion de reacciones de acoplamiento cruzado.

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US5756804A (es)
EP (2) EP0842145B1 (es)
JP (2) JPH11509776A (es)
KR (2) KR19990035909A (es)
CZ (2) CZ297891B6 (es)
DE (2) DE59605626D1 (es)
ES (2) ES2150688T3 (es)
HU (2) HU225303B1 (es)
WO (2) WO1997005151A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR19990035909A (ko) * 1995-07-25 1999-05-25 귀틀라인 교차-커플링 반응용 촉매
DE19620023C2 (de) * 1996-05-17 2001-03-08 Celanese Chem Europe Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phosphinat- oder Phosphonatgruppen enthaltenden tertiären Phosphanen und neue Phosphinatgruppen enthaltende tertiäre Phosphane
EP0842208B2 (en) 1995-07-28 2009-08-19 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited 2,7-aryl-9-substituted fluorenes and 9-substituted fluorene oligomers and polymers
US5708130A (en) * 1995-07-28 1998-01-13 The Dow Chemical Company 2,7-aryl-9-substituted fluorenes and 9-substituted fluorene oligomers and polymers
US6309763B1 (en) 1997-05-21 2001-10-30 The Dow Chemical Company Fluorene-containing polymers and electroluminescent devices therefrom
US6323366B1 (en) 1997-07-29 2001-11-27 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Arylamine synthesis
GB9807104D0 (en) 1998-04-02 1998-06-03 Chirotech Technology Ltd The preparation of phosphine ligands
US6268513B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-07-31 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Phosphine ligands metal complexes and compositions thereof for cross-coupling reactions
US6265601B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-07-24 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Methods for using phosphine ligands in compositions for suzuki cross-coupling reactions
US6124462A (en) * 1999-11-30 2000-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalysis using phosphine oxide compounds
CA2385960C (en) * 1999-11-30 2009-09-15 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalysis using phosphine oxide compounds
US20030220646A1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-11-27 Thelen Sarah L. Method and apparatus for reducing femoral fractures
JP2004501877A (ja) 2000-06-26 2004-01-22 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー ホスフィンオキシド化合物およびスルホキシド化合物を用いる触媒作用
JP4581321B2 (ja) * 2001-10-23 2010-11-17 住友化学株式会社 不飽和有機化合物誘導体の製造方法
DE10211597A1 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-10-02 Merck Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ringverbindungen
US20060030718A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2006-02-09 University Of Tennessee Research Foundation Cobalt-based catalysts for the cyclization of alkenes
US6878850B2 (en) 2003-01-29 2005-04-12 Combiphos Catalysts, Inc Catalysis using halophosphine compounds
CN104592128A (zh) 2005-12-20 2015-05-06 阿斯利康(瑞典)有限公司 作为gabaa受体调节剂的取代的噌啉衍生物及其合成方法
US7465795B2 (en) * 2005-12-20 2008-12-16 Astrazeneca Ab Compounds and uses thereof
CN1966608B (zh) * 2006-11-20 2010-09-01 烟台万润精细化工股份有限公司 利用交叉偶联反应来制备联苯类单体液晶的方法
TW200911760A (en) * 2007-06-19 2009-03-16 Astrazeneca Ab Compounds and uses thereof
CN101835535B (zh) * 2007-07-11 2012-11-07 东曹株式会社 催化剂组合物及使用该催化剂组合物的交叉偶联化合物的制造方法
SG10201505698TA (en) 2009-03-04 2015-09-29 Chevron Phillips Chemical Co Selective hydrogenation catalyst and methods of making and using same
WO2011020900A2 (en) 2009-08-21 2011-02-24 Technische Universität Berlin A process for preparing biaryl compounds in a suzuki type reaction allowing product isolation and catalyst recycling in one step
WO2015178342A1 (ja) * 2014-05-20 2015-11-26 マナック株式会社 モノカップリング体の製造方法
KR102384765B1 (ko) * 2014-11-26 2022-04-07 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시키가이샤 화합물의 제조 방법
JP7023080B2 (ja) 2016-10-31 2022-02-21 東ソー株式会社 芳香族化合物の製造方法

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US4229606A (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-10-21 Shell Oil Company 1,7-Octadiene process
DE3263566D1 (en) * 1981-12-02 1985-06-20 Shell Int Research Preparation of carbamates using a palladium-containing catalyst
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EP0372313B1 (de) * 1988-12-02 1997-03-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Sulfonierte Phenylphosphane enthaltende Komplexverbindungen
US5380910A (en) * 1992-04-28 1995-01-10 Ihara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Method for producing an asymmetric biaryl derivative
TW225485B (es) * 1992-05-29 1994-06-21 Hoechst Ag
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DE4236103A1 (de) * 1992-10-26 1994-04-28 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Kreuzkupplung von aromatischen Boronsäuren mit aromatischen Halogenverbindungen oder Perfluoralkylsulfonaten
DE4340490A1 (de) * 1992-11-27 1994-06-01 Merck Patent Gmbh Verbessertes Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Kreuzkopplungsreaktion
GB9306366D0 (en) * 1993-03-26 1993-05-19 Bp Chem Int Ltd Process for prepariang polyketones
US5736480A (en) * 1994-02-22 1998-04-07 California Institute Of Technology Supported phase chiral sulfonated BINAP catalyst solubilized in alcohol and method of asymmetric hydrogenation
DE4414499A1 (de) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Kreuzkupplung von aromatischen Borverbindungen mit aromatischen Halogenverbindungen oder Perfluoralkylsulfonaten
US5600032A (en) * 1994-06-29 1997-02-04 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation Method for producing an unsaturated alcohol
DE4426671A1 (de) * 1994-07-28 1996-02-01 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Kreuzkupplung von aromatischen Borverbindungen mit aromatischen Halogenverbindungen oder Perfluoralkylsulfonaten
KR19990035909A (ko) * 1995-07-25 1999-05-25 귀틀라인 교차-커플링 반응용 촉매

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59607957D1 (de) 2001-11-22
JP3989955B2 (ja) 2007-10-10
CZ21298A3 (cs) 1998-04-15
HUP9900235A3 (en) 1999-11-29
KR19990035908A (ko) 1999-05-25
HUP9900423A3 (en) 2000-02-28
ES2150688T3 (es) 2000-12-01
HUP9900423A2 (hu) 1999-06-28
WO1997005104A1 (de) 1997-02-13
JPH11509776A (ja) 1999-08-31
EP0842183A1 (de) 1998-05-20
WO1997005151A1 (de) 1997-02-13
HUP9900235A2 (hu) 1999-05-28
US6140265A (en) 2000-10-31
DE59605626D1 (de) 2000-08-24
KR19990035909A (ko) 1999-05-25
EP0842183B1 (de) 2001-10-17
HU225303B1 (en) 2006-09-28
JPH11509856A (ja) 1999-08-31
EP0842145A1 (de) 1998-05-20
EP0842145B1 (de) 2000-07-19
US5756804A (en) 1998-05-26
CZ21198A3 (cs) 1998-07-15
CZ297891B6 (cs) 2007-04-25

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