EP4097416A1 - Canon d'arme pourvu d'une bague étalon de calibre mobile - Google Patents

Canon d'arme pourvu d'une bague étalon de calibre mobile

Info

Publication number
EP4097416A1
EP4097416A1 EP21701960.3A EP21701960A EP4097416A1 EP 4097416 A1 EP4097416 A1 EP 4097416A1 EP 21701960 A EP21701960 A EP 21701960A EP 4097416 A1 EP4097416 A1 EP 4097416A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
barrel
ring
weapon barrel
ejector device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21701960.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4097416C0 (fr
EP4097416B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Rademann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of EP4097416A1 publication Critical patent/EP4097416A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4097416C0 publication Critical patent/EP4097416C0/fr
Publication of EP4097416B1 publication Critical patent/EP4097416B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/08—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes
    • F41F3/10—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes from below the surface of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/067—Sealing aspects in sabots, e.g. sealing between individual segments of the sabots or sealing between the outer surface of the sabot and the inner surface of the barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B19/00—Marine torpedoes, e.g. launched by surface vessels or submarines; Sea mines having self-propulsion means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a weapon barrel with a caliber ring, the caliber ring being movable between the first position and a second position, the caliber ring in the first position minimizing the gap between the wall and the weapon so that the weapon can be ejected by means of compressed air or pressurized water and wherein the caliber ring rests against the wall in the second position, so that the weapon can be ejected mechanically or it can be ejected by itself, with water being able to get behind the weapon through the gap between the wall and the weapon.
  • a first system uses water or air, which is introduced under pressure into the weapon barrel behind the weapon. So that the force acts as completely as possible on the weapon and thus accelerates it, the gap between the weapon and the weapon barrel must be minimized so that as little water or air as possible can escape past the side of a weapon without accelerating the weapon.
  • caliber rings are used to ensure this.
  • the advantage of this system is that the weapon can be accelerated to a high speed when it leaves the weapon barrel.
  • a second system uses mechanical force to mechanically eject weapons from the weapon barrel.
  • mines are ejected via a telescopic rod or a push chain.
  • water can flow into the area behind the ejected weapon, it is important to ensure that there is a sufficiently large gap between the weapon and the weapon barrel, since otherwise the weapon would be strongly braked by the flow resistance.
  • a third system is self-running torpedoes.
  • the gun barrel does not have its own ejection device, but the torpedo leaves the gun barrel by its own power.
  • it is necessary for water to pass through a sufficiently wide gap can get behind the weapon between the weapon and the weapon barrel so that the weapon can be accelerated.
  • a compressed air ejection system for such an emergency ejection.
  • the ejection system can be made significantly smaller, since the weapon does not have to be ejected at full speed, which is required so that the weapon can be used properly, but a low speed is sufficient to simply remove the weapon from the weapon barrel.
  • a caliber ring would first have to be installed in the weapon barrel, but this is not possible.
  • a device for ejecting an object from a weapon barrel with a linear motor is known from DE 10 2014 017 554 A1.
  • DE 28 45 085 A1 a torpedo is known which has a smaller caliber than the torpedo tube, with an adaptation to the torpedo tube taking place by means of retaining strips.
  • a device for storing and starting at least one immersion body in a submarine is known from DE 10 2007 030 509 B3.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a weapon barrel from which a weapon can be ejected using two different methods, one of which works with compressed air or pressurized water, and the other method without compressed air or pressurized water.
  • the weapon barrel according to the invention has a caliber ring, the caliber ring being movable from a first position into a second position. Between the inner wall of the weapon barrel and the outer wall of the weapon there is a gap which runs in a ring around the weapon. Through this gap, for example, water can flow relatively unhindered past the weapon, for example if the weapon is a self-running torpedo.
  • the caliber ring reduces the gap between the wall of the weapon barrel and a weapon arranged in the weapon barrel. The caliber ring cannot completely close the gap, since otherwise there would be contact between the caliber ring and the weapon, which would be a source of danger on the one hand and a source of friction on the other.
  • the caliber ring In the first position, the caliber ring thus behaves like a permanently mounted caliber ring according to the prior art. This enables the weapon to be ejected with compressed air or pressurized water, since only a very small proportion flows off the side of the weapon without driving the weapon.
  • the caliber ring In the second position, the caliber ring is on the wall of the Gun barrel. The gap between the weapon and the wall of the weapon barrel is thus maximal in the second position. In the second position, the weapon can be ejected automatically, for example, since water can flow unhindered behind the weapon.
  • the weapon barrel can be switched from one type of ejection to another quickly and with the weapon loaded, for example, and in particular, it is possible to switch between the automatic discharge of a torpedo for combat use and an emergency ejection by means of a compressed air system.
  • the caliber ring does not have to be a closed ring, but can consist of parts.
  • the caliber ring thus represents a barrier that reduces the uncontrolled flow of fluid. If the weapon barrel, weapon and caliber ring are projected onto a two-dimensional surface which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel, a first projection with the caliber ring in the first position results in an open first gap through which fluid can flow and in a second projection with the caliber ring in the second position, an open second gap through which fluid can flow.
  • the first projection of the first slit is preferably at least 65%, particularly preferably at least 75% and very particularly preferably at least 85% smaller than the second projection of the second slit.
  • the caliber ring has at least a first partial ring and a second partial ring, the caliber ring being foldable from a first position into a second position.
  • the division of the caliber ring into a first partial ring and a second partial ring can be advantageous, for example, to arrange an ejection system and a carrying system for the weapon at the bottom and a rail at the top for guiding a holding device, the so-called holding roller, of the weapon.
  • the weapon barrel has a first drive for moving the first partial ring and a second drive for moving the second partial ring.
  • the direct integration of the drives into the weapon barrel has the disadvantage, on the one hand, that the drives have to be watertight and pressure-tight.
  • the big advantage is that only small ones Pressure hull bushings through the wall of the weapon barrel are necessary to move the caliber ring from the first position to the second position or vice versa.
  • Weapon barrels usually have a round cross section.
  • the weapon barrel has an axis of rotation which runs through the center of the circular cross section.
  • the partial rings can be arranged symmetrically to a plane through the axis of rotation.
  • the motion vector of the first partial ring and the second partial ring each lie in a plane, the axis of rotation lying in each of these planes.
  • the partial rings can be moved separately from one another.
  • the first drive and the second drive are each arranged opposite one another at the horizontally widest point of the weapon barrel.
  • the drives are thus on a horizontal plane which runs through the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel.
  • This is particularly advantageous since the weapon and thus the longitudinal axis of the weapon are usually not arranged centrally in the weapon barrel.
  • more space remains under the weapon, for example for an ejector device, so that the longitudinal axis of the weapon is higher than the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel.
  • lateral guide devices are arranged at the widest point of the weapon and thus above the widest point of the weapon barrel.
  • the first partial ring is attached to the weapon barrel with a first hinge and the second partial ring is attached to the weapon barrel with a second hinge.
  • the first hinge and the second hinge are arranged at the horizontally widest point of the weapon barrel. The hinges are thus on a horizontal plane which runs through the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel.
  • the first partial ring and the second partial ring each preferably have a double-curved shape.
  • the first partial ring and the second partial ring each have a first side, which is executed in the first position to the weapon, wherein the first side has the shape of a segment of a circle.
  • the first side attaches to the weapon with a minimal gap.
  • the first partial ring and the second partial ring each have a second side, the second side being opposite the first side, the second side being directed towards the wall of the weapon barrel in the first position.
  • the second side also has the shape of a segment of a circle.
  • the radius of the section of the circle on the first side corresponds to the radius of the weapon.
  • the radius of the section of the circle on the second side corresponds to the first approximation of the radius of the weapon barrel.
  • the first partial ring and the second partial ring each have a first surface, the first surface being arranged transversely to the weapon barrel in the first position and being directed towards the wall of the weapon barrel in the second position.
  • the first surface therefore corresponds to a section of a circular cylinder.
  • the caliber ring is designed in the form of an iris, as is also used, for example, as a diaphragm in the field of photography.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the caliber ring can even be adapted to different caliber weapons.
  • the caliber ring has an expandable device, wherein the caliber ring can be moved into the first position by introducing a fluid into the expandable device and the second position.
  • the caliber ring is a tubular, deployable device that can be filled by means of a fluid in a manner comparable to that of a tube in a bicycle tire. Gases, for example air, nitrogen or the like, can be used as the fluid. Due to the pressures that occur, however, it is advantageous to use a low compressible fluid, in particular water or hydraulic oil.
  • the fluid can be removed again from the deployable device, for example by means of a pump.
  • the weapon barrel has an ejection device which is operated with compressed air or pressurized water.
  • the compressed air ejection device or Pressurized water ejection device can be made comparatively small, so that it is not suitable for accelerating the weapon within the weapon barrel to a normal ejection speed, but rather only be designed in such a way that it is able to eject a defective weapon, whereby the speed at which the weapon hits the weapon barrel leaves is irrelevant.
  • This compressed air ejector device or pressurized water ejector device is therefore not used to eject the weapon in a combat situation, but only to remove a defective weapon from a weapon barrel.
  • the weapon barrel has at least one first sensor for detecting the position of the caliber ring.
  • the weapon barrel has a first caliber ring, the first caliber ring being movable from a first position to a second position.
  • the weapon barrel also has a second caliber ring, the first caliber ring being movable from a first position to a second position.
  • the first caliber ring is designed for a first weapon with a first diameter
  • the second caliber ring for a second weapon with a second diameter, the first diameter being different from the second diameter.
  • the weapon barrel has a first weapon ejector device and a second weapon ejector device. Neither the first weapon ejector device nor the second weapon ejector device are designed to eject a weapon alone and completely and at full speed.
  • the first weapon ejector and the second Weapon ejection devices are designed for the joint, complete ejection of a weapon at full speed.
  • the first weapon ejector is a mechanical weapon ejector and the second weapon ejector is a compressed air ejector.
  • the weapon is accelerated with the aid of the mechanical weapon ejection device over the first half of the acceleration distance of the weapon in the weapon barrel.
  • the caliber ring is in the second position so that water can flow behind the weapon.
  • the movable caliber ring is moved from the second position to the first position.
  • compressed air is introduced into the weapon barrel behind the weapon via the compressed air ejector device and the weapon is thus further accelerated.
  • This combination makes it possible to make both ejection systems smaller, thereby saving overall space and weight. Only by using a caliber ring according to the invention is it possible to combine two otherwise incompatible ejection devices and thus accelerate the weapon over the shortest possible distance with the smallest possible ejection device.
  • Examples of a mechanical weapon ejection device are a telescopic rod, push chain or a mobile unit.
  • the weapon barrel is a weapon barrel for ejecting a weapon under water.
  • the weapon barrel is designed against overpressure by water from the outside and has a front and rear watertight seal.
  • the weapon barrel is a torpedo barrel.
  • the invention relates to a watercraft with a weapon barrel according to the invention.
  • the watercraft is a submarine.
  • the invention relates to a method for ejecting a weapon from a weapon barrel with a movable caliber ring and a first weapon ejector device and a second weapon ejector device, the method comprising the following steps: a) Ensuring that the caliber ring is in a second position on the Is adjacent to the wall, b) ejecting the weapon from the weapon barrel with the first weapon ejector device over a first section, c) moving the caliber ring from the second position to the first position in which the gap between the wall of the weapon barrel and the weapon is minimized, d) ejecting the weapon from the weapon barrel with the second weapon ejecting device over a second section.
  • step b) and step d) are kept as short as possible.
  • the weapon moves in the weapon barrel, so that the distance available for acceleration is shortened.
  • the first weapon ejector device can only efficiently accelerate the weapon if the caliber ring is in the second position and the second weapon ejector device only when the caliber ring is in the first position.
  • the first weapon ejector device is preferably a mechanical weapon ejector device and the second weapon ejector device is a compressed air ejector device or a pressurized water ejector device.
  • horizontal is the plane which, in the normal position of the submarine, is parallel to the surface of the water, and thus to the horizon.
  • Fig. 1 perspective view in the first position
  • FIG. 8 first partial ejection with the first ejection device;
  • FIG. 9 second partial ejection with the second ejection device
  • FIG. 1 is Fig. 3 show a weapon barrel 10 with a caliber ring in the first position.
  • 1 shows a perspective view
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the caliber ring
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view.
  • the caliber ring is in a first position, as a result of which the gap between the weapon barrel 10 and the weapon 20 is minimized.
  • the caliber ring consists of two partial rings 30.
  • the weapon 20 is held by an upper guide 120, two lateral guides 130 and a lower guide 140, the longitudinal axis of the weapon 20 being arranged above the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel 10. This is common in order to be able to integrate drive systems or other devices in the lower area, for example.
  • the lateral guides 130 are interrupted in the area of the caliber ring, whereas the upper guide 120 and the lower guide 140 are continuous and the caliber ring is divided into two partial rings 30 here. This ensures, on the one hand, that the weapon 20, which weighs, for example, 1 to 2 t is supported, and on the other hand, that the retaining lugs are guided in the upper guide 120.
  • the drives 40 serve to move the partial rings 30 from the first position, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, into a second position, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, and back.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 the caliber ring in the weapon barrel 10 is shown in the second position.
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail of the Caliber ring
  • FIG. 6 is a front view. The difference can be seen in particular between FIGS. 3 and 6. While in FIG. 3 the caliber ring is in the first position and the water passes through is minimized, in FIG. 6 the caliber ring is in the second position on the wall of the weapon barrel 10.
  • the weapon 20 itself, in the example shown, a heavy-weight torpedo, is normally expelled from the weapon barrel 10 and is only to be ejected in an emergency by means of a correspondingly small compressed air ejection device, the weapon barrel 10 is normally in the state shown in FIGS Fig. 6 is shown. If there is an emergency, for example a thermal runaway of the batteries of the weapon 20, the caliber ring is moved from the second position to the first position and the weapon 20 can be ejected.
  • an emergency for example a thermal runaway of the batteries of the weapon 20
  • the caliber ring is moved from the second position to the first position and the weapon 20 can be ejected.
  • the movable caliber ring for an emergency ejection system, it can also be used to efficiently accelerate and eject a weapon 20, in particular a large heavyweight torpedo, with the aid of two different ejection systems.
  • a weapon barrel 10 is shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 during an ejection process of a weapon 20.
  • the weapon barrel 10 has a first ejector device which mechanically accelerates the weapon 20 and a second ejector device, a compressed air ejector device 50.
  • the first ejector device accelerates the weapon 20 over a first section which corresponds to half the length of the weapon barrel 10.
  • the compressed air ejection device 50 accelerates the weapon 20 further.
  • the compressed air reservoir 70 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 80 can be made smaller than would be necessary if only this mechanical ejection device were used to fully accelerate the weapon 20.
  • the mechanical connection between the hydraulic cylinder 90 and the weapon 20 is established via a push arm 100.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 90 and thus the push arm 100 can be slowly brought up to the weapon 20 immediately before ejection.
  • the caliber ring is in the second position, so that water can easily flow past the weapon 20 from the outside behind the weapon without slowing down the weapon 20 unnecessarily.
  • the caliber ring is brought into the first position as quickly as possible and then compressed air is introduced behind the weapon 20 via the compressed air ejection device 50, thereby further accelerating the weapon 20. This is shown in FIG. Since the caliber ring minimizes the gap between weapon 20 and weapon barrel 10, as little water as possible escapes next to weapon 20 without doing any work, so that optimum acceleration of weapon 20 is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un canon d'arme (10) pourvu d'une bague étalon de calibre, caractérisé en ce que la bague étalon de calibre peut passer d'une première position à une seconde position. Dans la première position, la bague étalon de calibre réduit l'espace entre la paroi du canon d'arme (10) et une arme (20) disposée dans le canon d'arme (10). Dans la seconde position, la bague étalon de calibre vient en butée contre la paroi du canon d'arme (10).
EP21701960.3A 2020-01-31 2021-01-22 Canon d'arme pourvu d'une bague mobile de calibre Active EP4097416B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020201226.1A DE102020201226B3 (de) 2020-01-31 2020-01-31 Waffenrohr mit bewegbarem Kaliberring
PCT/EP2021/051456 WO2021151791A1 (fr) 2020-01-31 2021-01-22 Canon d'arme pourvu d'une bague étalon de calibre mobile

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4097416A1 true EP4097416A1 (fr) 2022-12-07
EP4097416C0 EP4097416C0 (fr) 2023-12-06
EP4097416B1 EP4097416B1 (fr) 2023-12-06

Family

ID=74285464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21701960.3A Active EP4097416B1 (fr) 2020-01-31 2021-01-22 Canon d'arme pourvu d'une bague mobile de calibre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4097416B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20220123521A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020201226B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021151791A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE420348B (sv) * 1977-10-18 1981-09-28 Foerenade Fabriksverken Anordning vid tradstyrd torped
FR2768809B1 (fr) * 1997-09-24 1999-10-15 Giat Ind Sa Projectile d'artillerie de campagne de gros calibre a longue portee
DE10157563A1 (de) * 2001-11-23 2003-06-12 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Vollkalibriges Geschoss
DE102007004178B4 (de) * 2007-01-27 2009-01-29 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Lagern und Ausbringen von Tauchkörpern in einem Unterseeboot
DE102007030509B3 (de) * 2007-06-30 2008-07-31 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Gmbh Einrichtung zum Lagern und Starten zumindest eines Tauchkörpers in einem Unterseeboot
FR2976063B1 (fr) * 2011-05-31 2013-07-12 Dcns Systeme de lancement d'un engin sous-marin
DE102014017554B4 (de) * 2014-11-28 2021-12-23 Thyssenkrupp Ag Vorrichtung zum Ausstoßen eines Objekts aus einem Waffenrohr mit einem Linearmotor
DE102017210393B4 (de) * 2017-06-21 2023-06-22 Thyssenkrupp Ag Waffenrohr zur schockelastischen Aufnahme von Beladungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4097416C0 (fr) 2023-12-06
WO2021151791A1 (fr) 2021-08-05
EP4097416B1 (fr) 2023-12-06
DE102020201226B3 (de) 2021-04-22
KR20220123521A (ko) 2022-09-07

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