Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
  • E04C5/04—Mats
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
  • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
  • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
  • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for producing an individual reinforcement of a future reinforced concrete component from prefabricated reinforcement elements.
• a structural engineer creates a reinforcement plan for a reinforced concrete component, ideally with optimized steel quantities and product-neutral, often already electronically in 3D with the help of a round steel module within a CAD program.
• this reinforcement plan the reinforcement of a reinforced concrete component is created on site or in the precast plant and then the reinforced concrete component is manufactured.
• Such a reinforcement plan contains the position and quantity of the reinforcing steel bars to be laid in the upper and lower planar basic reinforcement as well as the additional reinforcement elements such as spacers, hooks, curved bars, baskets and the like arranged in between.
• Such a reinforcement plan which is already electronically available in three dimensions, is often converted into 2D plans and printed out on paper.
• the applicant also knows individualized reinforcement elements in the form of uniaxial, roll-out reinforcing steel rod mats, in which a large number of parallel reinforcing steel rods are connected to one another over their length at several points by means of statically non-acting bands and rolled up into a roll, transported and placed in the resulting component where they just have to be rolled out.
• This object is achieved in a method for generating an individual reinforcement of a reinforced concrete component from predominantly prefabricated reinforcement elements in that it has at least the following steps: reading in a first reinforcement plan, based on reinforcing steel bars, of the future reinforced concrete component having a flat basic reinforcement; - Conversion of the two-dimensional basic reinforcement into a modified basic reinforcement, which has reinforcing steel bars that are not limited in length in such a way that there are no overlaps of bars within the basic reinforcement; - Calculation of a plurality of individual reinforcement elements from the modified basic reinforcement and the first reinforcement plan, also changing the individual reinforcing steel bars with regard to their number, shape, length, diameter, position, steel quality and as well specifying a laying sequence for creating an individual reinforcement plan.
• the conversion according to the invention is initially carried out via the step of a computational determination of a modified basic reinforcement of the component, in which the reinforcing steel bars provided by the planner are converted into those that extend continuously from one side of the future component to the opposite.
• the modified basic reinforcement of the respective reinforcement layers of the future reinforced concrete component thus has reinforcing steel bars of any length parallel to one another without overlapping.
• the reinforcing steel bars can therefore also be selected as long as desired, regardless of whether such extremely long bars are actually available.
• the other reinforcement parts of the first reinforcement plan between the two basic reinforcements are initially not changed.
• a plurality of individual reinforcement elements is calculated from this modified basic reinforcement and the other reinforcement parts of the first reinforcement plan.
• the reinforcing steel bars determined for these may differ in terms of number, shape, length, diameter, position, steel quality from those of the first reinforcement plan in that a laying sequence is specified or additional or other welding points are provided. They may also contain the other reinforcement parts, provided that this also makes it easier and faster to lay them.
• the method according to the invention increases the ability to lay the reinforcement with great advantage at the expense of a higher amount of material. This is done in particular by the fact that the method determines structurally undisturbed areas that are easy to reinforce and provides these areas with reinforcement elements that can be laid easily, quickly and as uncomplicatedly as possible, which are extended into the disturbed areas with additional reinforcement elements if necessary, which increases the use of material.
• This method can be used with great advantage, in particular, for so-called BIM (building information modeling) components, i.e. for those that represent a building or its parts in digital form. This is especially true when an IFC format is used.
• BIM building information modeling
• an implementation-optimized reinforcement solution is created from a quantity-optimized reinforcement solution, with computational effort.
• the implementation-optimized reinforcement solution is implemented, in particular, in reinforcement bodies produced on a site-specific basis.
• the method according to the invention can contain the following additional steps, with all steps of the method preferably being carried out with the aid of a computer, if possible: minimizing the number of reinforcement elements in the individual reinforcement plan, fixing an individual reinforcement element with regard to the type and arrangement of the reinforcing steel bars in the individual reinforcement plan; - Generation of a machine data set for the production of at least one calculated individual reinforcement element; - Transfer of the machine data set to a production machine and production of at least one individual reinforcement element; - Creation of the individual reinforcement on site at a construction site.
• the last three steps are not a mandatory part of the process.
• the method preferably also carries out a collision check of the bars, so that the changes with regard to number, shape, length, position and laying sequence cannot lead to problems.
• the method selects the type of reinforcement elements to be manufactured or used from the uniaxial reinforcement meshes, in particular the roll-out uniaxial reinforcement steel rod mats, the biaxial reinforcement mats, the edge cages, the connection cages, the welded reinforcement cages and the individual reinforcement steel bars.
• This also makes it possible to use plate reinforcement.
• These are static reinforcement solutions that consist of a large number of different bars in terms of diameter, length and spacing combined in a plate-like concrete casing. Spacers and other additional reinforcements located between the two basic reinforcement layers can also be integrated, but this is not mandatory.
• each of the upper and lower basic reinforcement has two layers of meshes which are oriented orthogonally to one another.
• Biaxial or drawing mats are used if they are at the respective Construction site can be used more advantageously.
• Edge and connection cages are used to connect the individual reinforcement elements or to connect plate reinforcements and wall reinforcements, which enable significant time savings compared to laying and bending individual connecting steel bars.
• these baskets are not standardized, but are individually calculated and manufactured for each construction site and which optimally correspond to the local connection and boundary conditions.
• additional reinforcements are in particular spacers, but also non-changeable, steel-optimized reinforcing steel bars of the original calculation.
• the method according to the invention solves the question of overlaps or joints, as described below, in particular by means of changes.
• the modified basic reinforcement for generating the individual reinforcement elements is changed according to the invention in particular by extending at least one reinforcing steel bar compared to the original reinforcement plan by adding sacrificial or purely constructive additional material.
• Sacrificial material refers to additional material not included in the calculations of the original reinforcement plan.
• an extension of Reinforcing steel bars are provided in order to be able to connect reinforcement meshes with the edge or connection cages or to guide a reinforcing steel bar to the next assembly line or to the next assembly rod in order to enable attachment to at least two assembly elements without the need for additional individual connecting steel rods.
• Reinforcement elements that have to ensure sufficient overlap of a reinforcement joint after an obstacle to be overcome also have an extension.
• such an extended reinforcement element is one that is the extension itself, i.e. two individual reinforcement elements such as uniaxial roll mats, which cannot be rolled out together because they are separated by an obstacle, to be connected to one another by overlapping.
• the offset takes place in particular by the diameter of a reinforcing steel bar, whereby two adjacent mats (reinforcing elements) can be laid overlapping without the reinforcing steel bars coming to rest on top of one another.
• overlap reinforcement elements in particular in the form of correspondingly short axially designed overlap meshes made of parallel reinforcing steel bars, which are connected with assembly elements and which are each placed overlapping between adjacent butting reinforcement meshes.
• Assembly elements are statically ineffective strips in the case of single-axis reinforcement meshes, statically effective or ineffective assembly rods in the case of one-axis or two-axis mats.
• two or more reinforcement elements can also be produced and transported connected to one another by means of continuous assembly elements, which are separated by severing the assembly elements only when they are laid on site in, in particular, appropriately marked areas.
• the method according to the invention provides for moving reinforcing steel bars and / or adding additional reinforcing steel bars, possibly with a reduction in the Diameter of the reinforcing steel bars concerned, provided that they are otherwise too far apart for safe access by a worker, for example when concreting the reinforced concrete component.
• the basic principle of the invention is used to simplify and accelerate the installation of the reinforcement elements using additional material by generating a planning optimized for installation from a planning that is optimized in terms of quantity. This is preferably done electronically.
• elongated reinforcing steel bars are connected in the area of the sacrificial material to an optionally also elongated assembly element such as a band or a rod. If the original ends of the extended reinforcing steel bars are in areas where welding is not permitted, it is not possible to weld the connecting assembly straps in the area concerned. Accordingly, the ends of the reinforcing steel bars would disadvantageously end unconnected and loose.
• An extension of the reinforcing steel bars by a purely constructive and statically not to be considered length enables welding in this area and thus the attachment of assembly elements connecting the reinforcing steel bars to one another.
• the individual reinforcement elements are also calculated with cutouts, with additional individual reinforcing steel bars being inserted by calculation for the irons that are omitted in the area of the cutout. If necessary, these are extended in order to be attached to two mounting elements. Recesses may be necessary because of holes or depressions or wall connections or the like that protrude vertically into the reinforcement layer. At these points only the assembly tapes are rolled out, the reinforcing steel bars additionally provided according to the invention then ensure that forces are passed on around these obstacles. The required addition of material is in turn compensated for by a considerable saving of time during construction.
• the method according to the invention also provides that the length of the reinforcing steel bars is calculated so that reinforcement meshes and edge cages can be connected by reinforcing steel bars of the reinforcement mat overlapping into the edge cages. In this way, reinforcement mats and edge cages can be connected to one another without the need to use additional reinforcing steel bars.
• individual additional bars for reinforcement elements that are not or cannot be integrated into them are also possible.
• the reinforcement elements can also be prefabricated if a reinforcing steel bar cannot be integrated into a prefabricated reinforcement element for production or reinforcement reasons.
• the manual addition of the corresponding reinforcing steel bar ensures that the reinforcement required from a static point of view continues to be ensured.
• the method according to the invention also provides that individual reinforcement elements are fixed in type, shape, position or configuration when they are generated from the modified basic reinforcement.
• the actual conditions on the construction site are sometimes different than previously calculated.
• the resulting need to change parts of the reinforcement is done by regenerating the reinforcement elements from the modified basic reinforcement and the other reinforcements from the first reinforcement plan, although the fixed reinforcement elements can no longer be changed. This prevents changes in a large number of reinforcement elements due to a local change with great advantage.
• Fig. 1 in three sub-figures a), b) and c) a schematic
• Fig. 2a-d Details of re-planned individual reinforcement elements.
• Fig. 1 shows, in three partial figures, schematically a reinforcement plan for a component before and after application of the method according to the invention.
• Partial figure a shows the original, preferably quantity-optimized and product-neutral reinforcement plan of a reinforced concrete component 1, which is indicated in outlines and is based on reinforcing steel bars 3 and which has a number of overlaps 6. These are arbitrarily arranged depending on the length of the underlying reinforcing steel bars 2 used. Spacers and other parts of the reinforcement lying below or above the plane of the drawing are not shown.
• Sub-figure b) shows the modified basic reinforcement generated mathematically from the original, first reinforcement plan in the first step of the method according to the invention, in which reinforcing steel bars 3 of unlimited length are used mathematically, so that a completely overlap-free modified basic reinforcement is calculated.
• Partial figure c) again shows schematically a plurality of reinforcement elements calculated individually for each construction site, here two reinforcement elements 4, 4 ', generated according to the invention using the method from the modified basic reinforcement. In the context of the invention, these are easier to lay at the expense of a larger amount of material. In the actual case, of course, significantly more than the two reinforcement elements 4, 4 'shown are calculated.
• the reinforcing elements 4, 4 ′ calculated in this way each have reinforcing steel bars 3 arranged at certain intervals and linked by assembly elements 5.
• additional material 7 in the form of extensions of the reinforcing steel rods 3 was inserted into the end areas of a further reinforcing element 4 'adjacent to the reinforcing element 4, whereby overlaps 6 of the reinforcing steel rods of the two reinforcing elements 4, 4' were created.
• the assembly straps 5 ensure a stable spacing of the reinforcing steel bars 3 of the reinforcing elements 4, 4 'and at the same time prevent the ends of the reinforcing steel bars 3 from spreading, which would result in undesirable lateral or vertical forces.
• the band 5 'of the first reinforcing element 4 has been offset along the longitudinal axis of the reinforcing steel rods 3 away from the end area so that there is no vertical stacking of the two elements 4, 4 ' .
• the laying sequence is thus also determined, since element 4 ' must first be rolled out, followed by element 4 in an overlapping manner.
• reinforcing steel bars 3 of element 4 are offset by one bar diameter compared to those of element 4' so that there is no collision situation. The method according to the invention carries out this automatically.
• the reinforcing steel bars 3 of the element 4 have also been lengthened in order to produce an overlap 6. This overlap did not exist in the original reinforcement plan according to part a); instead of a continuous, orderly joint, there were a number of "wild" joints.
• Fig. 2 shows in the detailed figures 2a) to 2d) details of re-planned individual reinforcement elements.
• the rescheduling takes place in particular in such a way that undisturbed spatial areas are identified from the modified basic reinforcement 2 and suitable reinforcement elements are generated for this, which can be rolled out or undisturbed can be laid and the reinforcements created and laid separately are supplemented in the structurally disturbed areas.
• FIG. 2a an exemplary reinforcement plan for a reinforced concrete component 1 generated with the method according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 2a.
• the reinforcement was implemented on the basis of a reinforcement element 4 in the form of a uniaxial reinforcement mat, which has reinforcing steel bars 3 at intervals that are linked to one another by assembly straps 5.
• a disruption 9 is taken into account in such a way that a strip 5 'was shifted from an original relative position shown in dashed lines to the position shown in solid lines in order to shorten the free ends 3' of the reinforcing steel rods 3 and thus ensure the relocability.
• the upper two reinforcing steel bars 3 were also shortened in order to leave out an area disturbed by the area 9 and to maintain the roll-out.
• FIG. 2b shows schematically a further reinforcement element 4 with assembly bars 5 and reinforcement steel bars 3.
• the otherwise free ends 10 of shorter bars 3 are extended by the additional material 7 in order to be attached to the next assembly bar 5 and thus to at least two assembly elements 5.
• Fig. 2c shows part of a prefabricated, roll-out reinforcement element 4.
• the reinforcement element 4 is intended for laying in areas in which welding is not permitted due to non-static loads, or in which a welded reinforcing steel rod 3 from the welding point is no longer for the statics can be evaluated effectively.
• a weld line 11 cuts the reinforcing steel bars 3, which therefore end there according to the modified basic reinforcement.
• an additional material 7, shown in dashed lines is added to enable welding on the closest assembly line 5.
• this weld is statically irrelevant, since the statically effective areas, shown in solid lines, of the rods 3 are not impaired.
• the mounting element 5 was therefore also extended in this area.
• Fig. 2d shows schematically a section from a prefabricated reinforcement element 4, which has a recess 12 within its area spanned by it, for example a ceiling hole.
• the reinforcement bars 3 are shortened in its area.
• additional material 7 in the form of additional reinforcing steel rods 3 ' has been inserted in order to pass on forces in the region of the recess 12 and has been extended in addition to being attached to the assembly straps 5.
• reinforcement based on a prefabricated reinforcement element 4 is again made possible.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
• Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2019
  • 2019-09-19 DE DE102019125300.4A patent/DE102019125300A1/de active Pending
• 2020
  • 2020-08-24 WO PCT/EP2020/073661 patent/WO2021052718A1/de unknown
  • 2020-08-24 JP JP2022518329A patent/JP2022549812A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-08-24 CN CN202080065229.7A patent/CN114423914B/zh active Active
  • 2020-08-24 EP EP20764052.5A patent/EP4031721A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-08-24 US US17/760,795 patent/US20220412088A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-08-24 AU AU2020348961A patent/AU2020348961A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-08-24 CA CA3151604A patent/CA3151604A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-08-24 BR BR112022004460A patent/BR112022004460A8/pt unknown

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