EP3803222A1 - Procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment et embout de ventilateur pour l'optimisation de la ventilation par mélange - Google Patents

Procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment et embout de ventilateur pour l'optimisation de la ventilation par mélange

Info

Publication number
EP3803222A1
EP3803222A1 EP19731895.9A EP19731895A EP3803222A1 EP 3803222 A1 EP3803222 A1 EP 3803222A1 EP 19731895 A EP19731895 A EP 19731895A EP 3803222 A1 EP3803222 A1 EP 3803222A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
building
air opening
air
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19731895.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102018004606.1A external-priority patent/DE102018004606B3/de
Priority claimed from DE102018004605.3A external-priority patent/DE102018004605B4/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3803222A1 publication Critical patent/EP3803222A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/545—Ducts
    • F04D29/547—Ducts having a special shape in order to influence fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/52—Outlet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for ventilating and / or extracting smoke from a building and to a fan attachment for optimizing the mixture ventilation.
  • DE 20 2016 101 527 U1 relates to a system for ventilating and / or extracting smoke from a stairwell in a building section with a multiple storey of a building directly adjacent to the stairwell with an elevator car vertically movable therein, the stairwell and the elevator shaft in a common fire section of the building Building.
  • DE 20 2016 101 525 U1 relates to a system for ventilating and / or extracting smoke from a separate one, in particular with separate ones located in different elevator levels
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a more efficient method for ventilating and / or extracting smoke from a building using mobile fans.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for ventilating and / or extracting smoke from a building with at least one supply air opening (1) and at least one exhaust air opening (2), a free one between the supply air opening (1) and the exhaust air opening (2)
  • a ventilation duct (3) so that an air flow can form between the supply air opening (1) and the exhaust air opening (2), characterized in that at least one first fan (L1) within the building at a distance of a maximum of 4 meters from the supply air opening (1 ) is positioned, and its fan jet forms an angle a between 30 ° and 60 ° to the base of the building, which conveys fresh air entering from outside through the supply air opening (1) under the roof structure; that at least one second fan (L2), which is positioned within the building at a distance b of 2 to 6 meters from the exhaust air opening (2) and whose fan jet forms an angle ⁇ of no more than 30 ° to the base of the building, air and / or smoke is conveyed out of the building through the exhaust air opening (2); and that at least one third fan (L3), which is positioned at a distance c of 2 to 6 meters from the second fan (L2) within the building, between the first fan (L1) and second fan (L2), and whose fan jet forms an angle g forms no more than 30
  • the distance a is at most 3 meters, preferably at most 2 meters, particularly preferably at most 1 meter.
  • the angle a is between 35 ° and 55 °, preferably between 40 ° and 50 °, particularly preferably 45 °.
  • the distance b is between 2.5 meters and 5.5 meters, preferably between 3 meters and 5 meters, particularly preferably between 3.5 meters and 4.5 meters.
  • the angle ⁇ is not more than 25 °, preferably not more than 20 °, particularly preferably not more than 15 °.
  • the distance c is between 2.5 meters and 5.5 meters, preferably between 3 meters and 5 meters, particularly preferably between 3.5 meters and 4.5 meters.
  • the angle g is not more than 25 °, preferably not more than 20 °, particularly preferably not more than 15 °.
  • the idea behind the method according to the invention is the active introduction of fresh air into the thermally prepared smoke gas layers in order to cool them down and to let them sink (so-called mixture ventilation). This is done by positioning a first one
  • Fire-fighting ventilator (L1) in the interior of the object for example approximately 3 m away from the supply air opening (1), which, for example, promotes a fresh air flow under the ceiling at an angle of approximately 45 °.
  • Exhaust air opening (2) positioned.
  • the second fan (L2) in this method is positioned, for example, at a distance of approximately 5 m from the exhaust air opening (2) and aligned with the lower half of this opening. As a result, the entire jet up to the exhaust air opening (2)
  • the remaining third fan (L3) is set up, for example, at a further 2 m to 5 m from the second fan (L2), so that it promotes the sinking fire smoke in the depth of the room to the expelling fan (L2).
  • the distance to be selected between fans two (L2) and three (L3) can be selected based on the depth of the building, but should not be more than 5 m away, otherwise the effect of the air jet from the third to the second fan (L2) increases becomes low.
  • the effective volume flow which is generated by the method according to the invention is slightly more than twice as high as in a method which has hitherto been regarded as prior art.
  • the method of mixing ventilation has a positive effect on the temperature reduction under the roof structure within the building. Damage to the supporting structure of the structure in this area due to thermal effects can thus be minimized.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the structure of the invention
  • a fan attachment was designed for this purpose, which is advantageously placed on fan L1.
  • the outlet area is enlarged and the individual jets are expanded in a fan-like manner.
  • the fan jet in the form of the flow needle is deflected by the attachment at a distance of approximately 1 m. This results in a uniformly high fan at full speed
  • a 1.5-fold enlargement of the outlet area of the fan can be achieved on the surface of the fan attachment.
  • the colder fresh air is introduced into the flue gas layer under the building ceiling over a larger area with a constant high volume flow. This leads to more effective cooling and
  • the subject of the present invention is thus also an attachment for a fan comprising a circular-cylindrical slip body comprising a circular-cylindrical slip body (4) with a diameter d and a width e and a circular-conical air body (5) with a diameter f and one connected to it
  • the diameter d is 500 mm
  • the width e is 200 mm
  • the diameter f is 1250 mm
  • the surface line g is 650 mm
  • the diameter h is 100 mm.
  • the fan attachment is an add-on part for a fire-fighting ventilator, which in appearance resembles a large shower attachment of a watering can.
  • the attachment is made by overturning and fixing the attachment, for example with a tensioning device (6) on the housing of the fan wheel, so that no attachments or conversions have to be made for use on the fire service fan used.
  • the slip body (4) is made, for example, of a tear-resistant nylon fabric and has a width e of, for example, 200 mm.
  • the radius of the opening is based on the model size for the respective fan size on which the fan attachment is to be used and can be found in the following dimension table. From those thereto,
  • a clamping device (6) is mounted on the outside of the everting body (4) at a distance of, for example, 50 mm from the edge.
  • the tensioning device (6) is firmly sewn onto the everting body (4) while the belt is kept movable in its correct position by loops.
  • the strap end is sewn together in several layers, on the one hand as a handle for
  • the air body (5) of the attachment according to the invention is, for example, from a
  • a fiberglass rod for example, can be sewn into the air body (5) all around the exit surface. This is elastic and flexible, so that the fan attachment according to the invention can be folded up for storage in a transport bag.
  • the air outlet openings are arranged on the outlet surface.
  • the radius and the number of openings depend on the size of the model and can be found in the dimension table. Dimensions deviating from the models there for use in connection with other fan sizes result from the design features of the fan attachment according to the invention.
  • a body loop (7) is attached to the air body (5) on the edge of the outlet surface, which should facilitate the attachment of the fan attachment according to the invention and is intended to hold up the air body (5) when positioning the fan in use.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the structure of the invention
  • a circular bag for example made of nylon fabric, can be provided, which holds the one or two folds
  • the previous design of the portable fire brigade fans does not provide for a 45 ° angle inclined upwards. Therefore, the fans have to be manually tilted backwards and placed on a support.
  • a tripod can be used as an accessory.
  • Table 1 Flow velocities, effective volume flows and air exchange rates
  • Figure 4 shows the CC output at the exhaust air opening in parts per million (ppm). Here is the continuous and highly concentrated output of C0 2 at
  • Figures 5 - 8 show the CO 2 reduction within the object, measured over different heights in ppm.
  • the diagrams show the measurement results of the C0 2 measuring points from 4.2 - 7.0 meters high.
  • pollutant degradation takes place passively at this height. This means that there is no immediate degradation via the air jet, but rather via the progressive air change in the object. So this happens with a time delay over the height, especially on the graphs of the
  • Measuring points do not drop the concentration as quickly as in the lower regions. This is due to the fact that smoke gases are of course also conveyed under the hall ceiling of the property with the fresh air jet. The short dwell time of the pollutants under the hall ceiling, resulting from the constant flow in the ceiling area, is not visible in these diagrams. This means that they are always on the move and therefore no deposit can be expected due to the length of their stay. This is better illustrated by Figures 9 - 13, which show the percentage of pollutant degradation.
  • Figures 14-23 show the temperature reduction within the object, measured over different heights in degrees Celsius.
  • FIGS. 24-33 show the temperature reduction within the object, measured over various heights in percent and taking into account the starting temperature TO in the test object before the start of the test. With the percentages, the effect of the ceiling fan is very clear in the diagrams. This results from the active introduction of cold fresh air into the thermally conditioned flue gas layer and the associated cooling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment comprenant au moins une ouverture d'arrivée d'air (1) et au moins une ouverture d'évacuation d'air (2), un canal de ventilation (3) libre étant formé entre l'ouverture d'arrivée d'air et l'ouverture d'évacuation d'air, de telle façon qu'un flux d'air peut se former entre l'ouverture d'arrivée d'air et l'ouverture d'évacuation d'air, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un premier ventilateur (L1) est positionné à l'intérieur du bâtiment, à une distance a d'au plus 4 mètres de l'ouverture d'arrivée d'air, et dont le jet de ventilateur forme un angle α compris entre 30° et 60° avec la surface de base du bâtiment, lequel transporte l'air frais entrant par l'ouverture d'arrivée d'air vers le dessous de la structure de toit ; qu'au moins un deuxième ventilateur (L2), lequel est positionné à l'intérieur du bâtiment à une distance b de 2 à 6 mètres de l'ouverture d'évacuation d'air et dont le jet de ventilateur forme un angle ß d'au plus 30° avec la surface de base du bâtiment et transporte de l'air et/ou de la fumée du bâtiment vers l'extérieur à travers l'ouverture d'évacuation d'air ; et qu'au moins un troisième ventilateur (L3), lequel est positionné à l'intérieur du bâtiment entre le premier ventilateur (L1) et le deuxième ventilateur (L2) à une distance c de 2 à 6 mètres du deuxième ventilateur (L2) et dont le jet de ventilateur forme un angle γ d'au plus 30° avec la surface de base du bâtiment et transporte de l'air et/ou de la fumée du bâtiment vers le deuxième ventilateur. La présente invention concerne en outre un embout pour un ventilateur, comprenant un corps à retournement (4) de forme cylindrique circulaire, ayant un diamètre d et une largeur e, ainsi qu'un corps aérien (5) en forme de cône circulaire relié à celui-ci, ayant un diamètre f et une génératrice g, le corps aérien (5) étant terminé sur le côté opposé au corps de retournement (4) par une surface de sortie ronde ayant un diamètre f, et la surface de sortie présentant plusieurs ouvertures rondes ayant un diamètre h.
EP19731895.9A 2018-06-11 2019-06-11 Procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment et embout de ventilateur pour l'optimisation de la ventilation par mélange Pending EP3803222A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018004606.1A DE102018004606B3 (de) 2018-06-11 2018-06-11 Verfahren zum Belüften und/oder Entrauchen eines Gebäudes
DE102018004605.3A DE102018004605B4 (de) 2018-06-11 2018-06-11 Lüfteraufsatz zur Optimierung der Mischungsventilation
PCT/EP2019/065114 WO2019238624A1 (fr) 2018-06-11 2019-06-11 Procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment et embout de ventilateur pour l'optimisation de la ventilation par mélange

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3803222A1 true EP3803222A1 (fr) 2021-04-14

Family

ID=66998349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19731895.9A Pending EP3803222A1 (fr) 2018-06-11 2019-06-11 Procédé pour la ventilation et/ou le désenfumage d'un bâtiment et embout de ventilateur pour l'optimisation de la ventilation par mélange

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3803222A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019238624A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5834713A (en) * 1997-03-14 1998-11-10 Huang; Hsin-Tsung Fresh air supplying system for elevator
CN101297992B (zh) * 2008-01-07 2011-04-27 张建明 水雾排烟装置
JP5599511B2 (ja) * 2010-07-27 2014-10-01 ヨシプ・パヴェティッチ 通常状態及び火災状態におけるトンネル換気方法及びシステム
DE202016101525U1 (de) 2016-03-21 2016-05-11 BlueKit Factory GmbH Aufzugsschachtbelüftung und -entrauchung
DE202016101527U1 (de) 2016-03-21 2016-09-20 BlueKit Factory GmbH Aufzugsschachtbelüftung und -entrauchung
DE202018101428U1 (de) * 2018-03-14 2018-06-04 Neowolf GmbH i.G. Vorrichtung zur Belüftung eines Raumes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019238624A1 (fr) 2019-12-19

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