EP2175939B1 - Système et procédé d'extinction destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale - Google Patents

Système et procédé d'extinction destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2175939B1
EP2175939B1 EP08758824A EP08758824A EP2175939B1 EP 2175939 B1 EP2175939 B1 EP 2175939B1 EP 08758824 A EP08758824 A EP 08758824A EP 08758824 A EP08758824 A EP 08758824A EP 2175939 B1 EP2175939 B1 EP 2175939B1
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Prior art keywords
extinguishing
fire
agent
water
devices
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German (de)
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EP2175939A1 (fr
Inventor
Hasso von Blücher
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Bluecher GmbH
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Bluecher GmbH
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extinguishing system with a plurality of extinguishing devices for local firefighting in buildings at the location of a fire source according to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding method for local firefighting in buildings according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • sprinkler systems are automatic fire extinguishing systems that are used for preventive fire protection in special buildings such as skyscrapers, commercial buildings, department stores, industrial plants, meeting places and underground garages.
  • special buildings such as skyscrapers, commercial buildings, department stores, industrial plants, meeting places and underground garages.
  • sprinkler heads On the ceiling or in the upper part of the side walls several water outlet nozzles, so-called sprinkler heads, attached, which are connected to a water pipe network.
  • the water outlet nozzles in turn are closed with glass ampoules, which are filled with a colored special liquid.
  • a disadvantage of sprinkler systems is that they are often designed as systems interconnected over a large area, so that in the case of a small fire or in the event of a false alarm, considerable damage from the sprayed extinguishing agent is the result. Moreover, buildings with the well-known, permanently installed sprinkler systems can be retrofitted only with considerable effort.
  • extinguishing devices are known from the prior art, in which a fire extinguishing column is used for local fire fighting in buildings at the site of a fire.
  • Such room extinguishing columns consist of a transportable housing with distributed over its housing wall arranged extinguishing nozzles for discharging a stored in the housing extinguishing agent, wherein in the housing connected to the extinguishing nozzles tank for receiving the extinguishing agent, a power supply module and a fire alarm sensors connected control module for controlling a deletion function the room extinguishing column are provided.
  • the known room extinguishing columns can be placed decentralized in a building, it being possible to operate the room extinguishing columns with respect to the triggering and extinguishing function completely self-sufficient. Thus, depending on the size of the room, a single space extinguisher placed in the room in question may be sufficient. For large rooms can optionally be set up several room extinguishing columns, The known room extinguishing columns allow the retrofitting of a building with low design cost and low cost, with false alarms may affect only a single room extinguishing column, resulting in less damage than the false triggering of a sprinkler system. Due to the possibility of extinguishing a fire only locally in the surrounding area of the source of the fire, damage attributable to the sprayed extinguishing agent can be limited, which is particularly advantageous in the case of locally occurring comparatively small fire foci.
  • WO 2006/085817 A1 a fire protection installation having a spray system with at least one nozzle, wherein a liquid fire extinguishing medium is passed under high pressure through the nozzle, so that a spray is to be formed.
  • the spray is intended to extinguish fire by cooling the flue gases and the fire source.
  • the known extinguishing columns have only a comparatively low effectiveness in the local firefighting, in particular, glowing can be deleted with the known space extinguishing columns only insufficient, which can lead to a resumption of the fire after completion of the extinguishing process,
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method and a fire extinguishing system of the type mentioned above, which allow an effective fire fighting in buildings, at the location of a fire and in the immediate vicinity of the fire, in particular embers at the site of the fire as completely as possible to be deleted.
  • the present invention proposes an extinguishing system according to claim 1 or a method according to claim 5; Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
  • the extinguishing agent is discharged according to the invention with high pressure from the extinguishing nozzles, which requires a corresponding design of the pressure generating device.
  • the pressure-generating device can have at least one (high-pressure) pump.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent under high pressure leads to a faster and more complete extinguishment of a fire, in particular embers or fire nests can be extinguished quickly and completely.
  • the extinguishing agent is discharged or sprayed as a spray. It is understood that in this case, the nozzle device must be designed accordingly and the pressure level of the extinguishing agent must be correspondingly high in order to distribute the extinguishing agent finely distributed, in the manner of a mist, under high pressure.
  • the opening angle of the spray cone generated by an extinguishing nozzle may be less than 15 °, preferably less than 10 °.
  • the quenching unit may preferably be designed as a quenching column, wherein the term "column” is not limited to spatial structures with a circular cross-section. Incidentally, spatial structures are also conceivable which have a polygonal cross section. Also, sheet formations such as plate-shaped erasing units are covered by the invention. If the erasing units are of columnar design, they can extend longitudinally from a floor of the building up to a ceiling height of at least 1.5 m, preferably at least 2.5 m.
  • the extinguishing columns can also be used for decorative purposes or for advertising purposes, but it must be ensured that an unimpeded discharge of the extinguishing agent through the extinguishing nozzles is guaranteed at all times,
  • the nozzles can be distributed over the housing wall, preferably distributed uniformly.
  • a particularly good fire-extinguishing effect emanates from a quenching unit set up on a building floor when nozzles are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the housing wall at a distance of at least 1.0 to 3.5 m above the floor, wherein Preferably, the nozzles should be provided at least in the upper third of the housing wall, In order to increase the range when discharging the extinguishing agent even further, at least one nozzle or, preferably, a plurality of nozzles may be provided on an upper end surface of the housing.
  • the extinguishing agent has at least one hydrophilic, swellable component, the component being a superabsorbent polymer.
  • Hydrophilic swellable materials that can be used as extinguishing agents, for example, from DE 35 15 865 A1 and the DE 38 14 751 A1 each known to the applicant.
  • swellable polymers based on polyacrylate or polymethacrylate and / or based on the modifications can be used.
  • Firesorb ® is a liquid polymer preparation that can absorb a multiple of water. This forms a heat-shielding gel that adheres even to ceilings and vertical walls. Due to its high toughness (viscosity), the Firesorb ® gel only flows very slowly away from the burning material and therefore remains extinguishing for longer. The protective film absorbs the heat of combustion at the surface, under which the air-closing function remains. Water that has been treated with Firesorb ® acts like a liquid fire blanket, stifling the fire by closing the air and providing cooling.
  • Firesorb ® is a concentrate of superabsorbent polymer particles that are slightly pre-swollen with water. By incorporation into a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the additive is very easy to transport and handle. As soon as the preswollen polymers are metered into larger amounts of water, the water binding accelerates considerably. By stirring or pumping this effect can be further enhanced. According to the last-described example, it can be provided in the invention that the extinguishing agent from a mixture of extinguishing water with a concentrate of the type described above is available as extinguishing water additive.
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention is obtainable by mixing extinguishing water with an extinguishing water additive, two extinguishing agent containers may be provided, wherein a first extinguishing agent container for receiving extinguishing water and a second extinguishing agent container are provided for receiving the extinguishing water additive. If the mixing is to take place before the discharge from the extinguishing nozzles, a mixing device is required to mix the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive to the usable extinguishing agent.
  • the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive can be supplied separately from the nozzle device and mixed only immediately before the discharge.
  • the extinguishing nozzles are designed accordingly, preferably for ultrafine atomization of the enforced mixture of extinguishing water and extinguishing water additive, In this context, it is understood that it is after Mixing of extinguishing water and extinguishing water additive to one further swelling of a swellable component contained in the extinguishing water additive may occur, which must be taken into account in the design of the nozzle device accordingly.
  • the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive are discharged separately.
  • two different extinguishing agents are discharged per se, namely extinguishing water and extinguishing water additive.
  • extinguishing water and extinguishing water additive can be provided to discharge the extinguishing water nebulised with very small liquid droplets and the extinguishing water additive with larger liquid droplets. This then leads to the extinguishing water evaporates in the surrounding area of the fire largely completely under heat absorption, while the extinguishing water additive lays as a liquid fire blanket on the fire.
  • the discharge quantity of the extinguishing agent can be between 100 and 5000 l / h, preferably between 500 and 2500 l / h.
  • the first extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water may have a filling volume of between 10 and 1,000 l, preferably between 100 and 750 l, wherein, preferably, the second extinguishing agent container for the extinguishing water additive may comprise a smaller volume. It is understood that in principle both extinguishing agent container can be made the same size.
  • the discharge quantity for the extinguishing water and the extinguishing water additive may each be between 100 and 5000 l / h, preferably between 500 and 2500 l / h.
  • the extinguishing agent In order to extinguish a fire as completely as possible, it will usually be necessary to discharge the extinguishing agent over a total period of 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 2 to 5 minutes. In order to reduce the amount of extinguishing agent discharged overall during a deletion operation, provision may be made for the extinguishing agent to be discharged in a plurality of cycles, wherein the total period of the extinguishing agent discharge may comprise a plurality of cycles and each cycle preferably has a duration of less than 1 minute.
  • the pressure generating device in particular a pump, and an electric motor as a drive for the pump, can be arranged within the erase unit.
  • the arrangement of the pressure generating device within the erase unit allows it to form the extinguishing device portable, If the site of the extinguishing device or the corresponding building permit, according to an embodiment of the invention can also be provided that the extinguishing agent or the container is connected to an external pressure supply /are.
  • the extinguishing agent container is disposed within the quenching unit, wherein, preferably, the extinguishing agent container may be formed by a housing wall of the quenching unit.
  • the extinguishing agent container can be connected via a housing-side auxiliary connection to an external extinguishing agent supply, which makes it possible to provide a larger amount of extinguishing agent in case of fire.
  • the mixing device required for this purpose can also be arranged within the extinguishing unit. If an autonomous operation of the extinguishing device is provided, a power supply device is required for the operation of the pressure generating device, which must also be arranged in the erase unit. It is understood that the extinguishing device according to the invention can also be connected to an external power supply, such a connection of the extinguishing device to the building-side power grid is usually easy and flexible to implement,
  • the erasing unit is arranged stationary in the building.
  • means for attaching the erase unit to a wall or on a floor of the building may be provided.
  • the deleting unit transportable, with means for suspending or clamping on provided holders on ceilings, walls or else rollers, wheels or the like which permit a method of deletion unit.
  • a control device connected to the fire alarm sensor is provided.
  • the operation of the extinguishing device is controlled, the extinguishing function relates to the discharge of extinguishing agent in case of fire.
  • the control device is also disposed within the erase unit, wherein it is provided according to the invention, in the erase system with a plurality of extinguishing devices to network the control of the extinguishing devices, the extinguishing devices can be controlled via a central control system.
  • each extinguishing device can be operated independently of other extinguishing devices in the extinguishing function.
  • Immediately adjacent means, for example, in a radius around a fire with a radius of 5 to 15 m. Damage in the building due to the discharged extinguishing agent in the event of a false trip or locally occurring fire can be localized.
  • adjacent extinguishing devices may have a mutual distance of at least 3 m, preferably at least 5 m.
  • the distance of the extinguishing devices should only be chosen so large that in the area between two adjacent extinguishing devices still a sufficient extinguishing effect is guaranteed in case of fire.
  • the plurality of adjacent extinguishing devices in an extinguishing system can be operated simultaneously, wherein the activation of the extinguishing function of a first extinguishing device arranged in the vicinity of a fire compartment automatically activates the extinguishing functions only of such further extinguishing devices of the extinguishing system, which are arranged immediately adjacent to the first extinguishing device.
  • the extinguishing devices which are not arranged directly adjacent to the first extinguishing device, are not activated or not converted into an extinguishing function.
  • a common control device for all extinguishing devices in an extinguishing system makes it possible to control or activate the extinguishing devices starting from a central point in the building, such as a control station or the like, in order to enable targeted firefighting.
  • the invention makes it possible, if necessary, to combine the features mentioned in the claims and / or the features described with reference to the drawing, even if this is not described in detail.
  • the above value specifications and the specified intervals in each case capture all values, ie not just the lower limits or at intervals the interval limits, without this requiring an explicit mention.
  • Fig. 1 schematically is an extinguishing device 1, designed for local fire fighting in buildings at the site or in the immediate vicinity of a fire, shown.
  • the extinguishing device 1 has a nozzle device 2 with a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, designed for the discharge of extinguishing agent 4 only at the location or in the immediate vicinity of the fire and for decentralized arrangement in a building, not shown, on.
  • the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 is in Fig. 1 shown schematically only for a single extinguishing nozzle 3. It is understood that in case of fire from a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3, preferably from all extinguishing nozzles 3, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged.
  • the nozzle device 2 is an integral part of a quenching unit designed as extinguishing column 5, which in the illustrated embodiment 2 extinguishing agent container 6, 7 and a pressure generating device 8 and a mixing device 9 has.
  • a plurality of fire sensors 10 are provided for the detection of a fire, which are set to a particular combined optics, smoke, CO, temperature indication.
  • the data recorded by the fire alarm sensors 10 are transmitted to a control device not shown in detail, wherein the control device in response to the received signals causes the activation of a deletion function. After activation of the deletion function is a release of extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3.
  • the control device may be integrated in addition to a telecommunication function for transmitting a message to a given recipient.
  • the fire detection sensors 10 are arranged as well as the extinguishing nozzles 3 distributed over a housing 11 of the erase unit 5.
  • the extinguishing agent 4 is obtainable from a mixture of extinguishing water 12 and at least one extinguishing water additive 13, wherein the extinguishing water additive 13 is a gel-like concentrate of at least one water-preswollen polymer in an organic phase.
  • the extinguishing water 12 is stored in the first extinguishing agent container 6 and the extinguishing water additive 13 in the second extinguishing agent container 7.
  • extinguishing water 12 and extinguishing water additive 13 is sucked out in a predetermined mixing ratio and passed to the mixing device 9.
  • the pressure generating device 8 generates the discharge pressure of the extinguishing agent 4 required for discharging the extinguishing agent 4 via the extinguishing nozzles 3 of at least 10 bar, preferably up to 1,500 bar, in particular between 20 and 200 bar. In a further preferred embodiment, a discharge pressure of about 40 bar is generated.
  • the pressure generating device 8 which may be a pump in the simplest case, is connected via pressure lines 14 with the extinguishing nozzles 3 on the one hand and via suction lines 15a-c to the mixing device 9 and the two extinguishing agent containers 6, 7.
  • the extinguishing agent 4 In case of fire, it comes to the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 under pressure, the extinguishing agent 4 is discharged as a spray.
  • the high-pressure discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 allows a particularly fine atomization of the extinguishing agent. In practice, this results in an optimal extinguishing effect of the extinguishing agent used 4.
  • the room temperature level in the surrounding area of the fire is very quickly lowered and soot and suspended particles from the ambient air washed out. Thus, the visibility in a fire-exposed room is positively influenced.
  • the low extinguishing agent consumption with maximum effectiveness ensures cost-effective protection of the building inventory in a very short period of time within which a fire can be completely extinguished.
  • the extinguishing water additive 13 contains superabsorbent polymer particles which are slightly pre-swollen with water. By incorporation into a special, biodegradable oil, the polymers are prevented from further water absorption. In this form, the extinguishing water additive 13 is very easy to transport and handle. Once the extinguishing water additive 13 is mixed in the mixing device 9 with the extinguishing water 12, it comes to re-water binding, which can be further enhanced by stirring or pumping this effect. At the in Fig.
  • extinguishing nozzles 3 can be provided for the extinguishing water 12 on the one hand and further extinguishing nozzles 3 for the extinguishing water additive 13 on the other hand and designed accordingly.
  • the fire detection sensors 10 may be formed such that not only the occurrence of a fire source, but also its orientation to the deleting unit 5 is passed as control information to the control device. Depending on which side of the fire is located, then the discharge of the extinguishing agent 4 takes place only on one or the other side or on the outside of the fire extinguishing unit 5.
  • the extinguishing nozzles are the third preferably uniformly distributed over the housing wall 11 of the Löhneheit 5, wherein the extinguishing nozzles 3 extend in the illustrated embodiment over the entire upper half of the housing 11. Moreover, a plurality of extinguishing nozzles 3 are provided on an upper end face 16 of the housing wall 11. This allows the Extinguishing agent discharge over the entire outer surface including the upper end face 16 of the Löschica 5 done, which in principle is also possible that extinguishing nozzles 3 are also provided in the region of the lower half of the housing wall 11.
  • an energy supply device is provided in the deleting unit 5, wherein the energy supply device has at least one rechargeable battery as an energy store for operating the pressure generating device 8.
  • the extinguishing unit designed as extinguishing column 5 can be arranged as required transportable or even stationary in the building.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Système d'extinction doté de plusieurs dispositifs d'extinction (1), configuré pour lutter localement contre l'incendie dans des bâtiments sur le site d'un foyer d'incendie et présentant:
    - une unité d'extinction (5) qui présente un dispositif de tuyères (2) doté de plusieurs tuyères d'extinction (3) et qui est configurée pour appliquer un agent d'extinction (4) sur le site du foyer d'incendie et pour être agencée en positions décentralisées dans le bâtiment,
    - au moins un récipient (6, 7) d'agent d'extinction relié à écoulement aux tuyères d'extinction (3),
    - au moins un dispositif (8) de production de pression qui applique l'agent d'extinction (4) par l'intermédiaire des tuyères d'extinction (3) et
    - au moins un détecteur-avertisseur d'incendie (10),
    le dispositif (8) de production de pression étant configuré pour produire une pression d'application de l'agent d'extinction (4) d'au moins 10 bars et
    l'agent d'extinction (4) étant appliqué sous la forme d'un brouillard de pulvérisation,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agent d'extinction (4) peut être obtenu en mélangeant de l'eau d'extinction (12) avec au moins un additif (13) d'eau d'extinction, l'additif (13) d'eau d'extinction étant un concentré constitué d'au moins un polymère super-absorbant et pré-gonflé placé en phase organique,
    en ce qu'au moins un et de préférence chaque dispositif d'extinction (1) peut exercer sa fonction d'extinction indépendamment d'autres dispositifs d'extinction (1), un dispositif commun de commande des différents dispositifs d'extinction (1) étant prévu et
    en ce que plusieurs dispositifs d'extinction (1) voisins peuvent être utilisés simultanément, l'activation de la fonction d'extinction d'un premier dispositif d'extinction (1) conduisant à l'activation automatique de la fonction d'extinction de seuls les autres dispositifs d'extinction (1) disposés au voisinage immédiat du premier dispositif d'extinction (1).
  2. Système d'extinction selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif de mélange est prévu pour mélanger l'eau d'extinction (12) à l'additif (13) d'eau d'extinction.
  3. Système d'extinction selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le débit d'agent d'extinction (4) appliqué par chaque dispositif d'extinction est de 100 à 2.500 l/h et de préférence de 500 à 1.600 l/h.
  4. Système d'extinction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le premier récipient (6) d'agent d'extinction présente une capacité d'au moins 50 1 et comprise en particulier entre 100 et 500 1 et en ce que le deuxième récipient (7) d'agent d'extinction présente de préférence un volume plus petit.
  5. Procédé de lutte locale contre l'incendie dans des bâtiments au moyen d'un système d'extinction selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, qui présente plusieurs dispositifs d'extinction (1), les dispositifs d'extinction (1) présentant:
    - une unité d'extinction (5) qui présente un dispositif de tuyères (2) doté de plusieurs tuyères d'extinction (3), l'unité d'extinction (5) étant configurée pour appliquer l'agent d'extinction (4) sur le site du foyer d'incendie et à être disposé en positions décentralisées dans le bâtiment,
    - au moins un récipient (6, 7) d'agent d'extinction relié à écoulement de fluide aux tuyères d'extinction (3),
    - au moins un dispositif (8) de production de pression qui applique l'agent d'extinction (4) par l'intermédiaire des tuyères d'extinction (3) et
    - au moins un détecteur-avertisseur d'incendie (10),
    l'agent d'extinction (4) étant appliqué sous la forme d'un brouillard de pulvérisation à une surpression d'au moins 10 bars,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'agent d'extinction (4) peut être obtenu en mélangeant de l'eau d'extinction (12) avec au moins un additif (13) d'eau d'extinction, l'additif (13) d'eau d'extinction étant un concentré constitué d'au moins un polymère super-absorbant et pré-gonflé placé en phase organique,
    en ce qu'au moins un et de préférence chaque dispositif d'extinction (1) peut exercer sa fonction d'extinction indépendamment d'autres dispositifs d'extinction (1) et
    en ce que plusieurs dispositifs d'extinction (1) voisins peuvent être utilisés simultanément, l'activation de la fonction d'extinction d'un premier dispositif d'extinction (1) conduisant à l'activation automatique de la fonction d'extinction de seuls les autres dispositifs d'extinction (1) disposés au voisinage immédiat du premier dispositif d'extinction (1).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'eau d'extinction (12) et l'additif (13) d'eau d'extinction sont amenés séparément l'un de l'autre au dispositif de tuyères (2) et en ce que l'eau d'extinction (12) et l'additif (13) d'eau d'extinction sont mélangés de préférence immédiatement avant leur application.
EP08758824A 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Système et procédé d'extinction destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale Active EP2175939B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10015115.8A EP2283902B1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Appareil d'extinction et procédé destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007036902A DE102007036902A1 (de) 2007-08-06 2007-08-06 Löschvorrichtung, Löschsystem und Verfahren zur lokalen Brandbekämpfung
PCT/EP2008/004240 WO2009018868A1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Dispositif d'extinction, système et procédé d'extinction destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale

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EP10015115.8A Division EP2283902B1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Appareil d'extinction et procédé destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale
EP10015115.8 Division-Into 2010-11-30

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EP2175939A1 EP2175939A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
EP2175939B1 true EP2175939B1 (fr) 2011-03-23

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EP08758824A Active EP2175939B1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Système et procédé d'extinction destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale
EP10015115.8A Active EP2283902B1 (fr) 2007-08-06 2008-05-28 Appareil d'extinction et procédé destinés à la lutte contre l'incendie locale

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US (1) US9186532B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2175939B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE502681T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2695483C (fr)
DE (2) DE102007036902A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009018868A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
WO2009018868A1 (fr) 2009-02-12
EP2175939A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
CA2695483C (fr) 2012-10-02
US20110259615A1 (en) 2011-10-27
US9186532B2 (en) 2015-11-17
CA2695483A1 (fr) 2009-02-12
EP2283902A1 (fr) 2011-02-16
ATE502681T1 (de) 2011-04-15
DE102007036902A1 (de) 2009-02-12
DE502008002956D1 (de) 2011-05-05
EP2283902B1 (fr) 2016-06-08

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