EP3337576B1 - Extincteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP3337576B1
EP3337576B1 EP16750600.5A EP16750600A EP3337576B1 EP 3337576 B1 EP3337576 B1 EP 3337576B1 EP 16750600 A EP16750600 A EP 16750600A EP 3337576 B1 EP3337576 B1 EP 3337576B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing
fire extinguisher
mixture
jacket
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16750600.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3337576A1 (fr
Inventor
Holger Jockel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Feuerschutz Jockel & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Feuerschutz Jockel & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3337576A1 publication Critical patent/EP3337576A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3337576B1 publication Critical patent/EP3337576B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/76—Details or accessories
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/12—Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/002—Apparatus for mixing extinguishants with water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • A62C5/022—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam with air or gas present as such
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/66—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use with extinguishing material and pressure gas being stored in separate containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire extinguisher with outlet channel and mixing device according to the preamble of claim 1, known by the CA 1 266 073 A and US 4830790A He has an extinguishing agent container, from which when using the fire extinguisher the extinguishing mixture consisting of an extinguishing agent and additional fluids through a mixing device with mixing chamber and ventilation chamber (21) out. After the mixing chamber, the extinguishing mixture is mixed and foamed in a subsequent aeration level of the ventilation level by air jets drawn in from outside.
  • the mixing device on two perforated plates, which lie in a common radial plane to each other and touch each other; the last plate in the direction of flow has a single hole which partially covers the holes of the first plate.
  • US 5 613773 A shows a mixing device for producing foams with two plates 112, which consist of one piece and have smaller inlet openings 122 and larger outlet openings 123, which communicate flush with each other, partially overlapping and form steps and sharp corners to create a Koanda effect.
  • foam-forming surfactants e.g. Fluorine surfactants.
  • these are particularly harmful and should not get into the sewage or groundwater.
  • they have been indispensable so far to achieve a good extinguishing performance that meets the requirements.
  • Extinguishing foam should have a certain coherence and stability, so that the fire is stifled and can not "burn through” by the applied foam carpet, one tries to improve the foaming. This is mainly due to the interference of air.
  • the unsatisfactory quality of the extinguishing foam produced is attributable to inadequacies of the mixing devices in the systems known from the prior art.
  • the holes of the second perforated plate have to deviate from the axial direction.
  • the housing inner cross-section of the mixing chamber in several radial planes through perforated plates (32, 33) is filled, which repeatedly divide the incoming Löschgemischstrom into individual beams and give these individual jets one of the turbulence and mixing conducive direction by the first flow-through hole plate a variety of the current direction extending holes in fine distribution and the following perforated plate also have uniformly distributed holes whose axes also have a directional component in the direction of flow, but are inclined to, in the limit case in the circumferential direction concentric to the cylinder axis of the mixing chamber cylinder level, or even with an additional radial direction component radially inward or radially outward.
  • the invention serves to produce a plurality of isolated stream threads, which are interrupted and laid again and again in the direction of flow.
  • the result is a kind of turbulent flow of the extinguishing mixture with an unlimited number of spaces between the current strands and interruptions of the current strands in Current direction with the finest distribution in the current direction and over the entire cross section of the extinguishing mixture stream.
  • the flow velocity of the expelled by the expanding propellant extinguishing mixture is increased by the flow path is narrowed below the ventilation level of the ventilation chamber, in particular by a collar (claim 2).
  • the extinguishing mixture tends by its cohesion to reunite even on a short flow path. This is prevented by the measure according to claim 3.
  • the arranged in a radial plane of the aeration chamber, the cross-section filling close-meshed wire mesh fulfills a multiple function: on the one hand, it forms the narrowing of the flow path, which is required to generate the negative pressure of the extinguishing mixture; On the other hand, this wire grid leads to the entire cross section of the extinguishing mixture to a loosening, increase in volume, increase the flow velocity and thus to increase the negative pressure.
  • the foam formation according to the invention is supplemented and reinforced by a further measure according to claim 4. It serves to further increase the volume of the now already foamed extinguishing mixture by their further mechanical loosening, which in turn is associated with an increase of the exit velocity.
  • a wire mesh with intersecting metal or plastic wires is placed in the radial plane of the mouth of the ventilation chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows as a fire extinguishing system a hand fire extinguisher with the extinguishing agent container.
  • This pressure-resistant container 1 of the hand-held fire extinguisher has a circular-cylindrical open neck 2. In this neck fits the collar 4 of a closure head 3, which is pressure-resistant manner by means of a clip, not shown, on the container 1.
  • the closure head 3 has a hose nozzle 5 for attaching the extinguishing hose 15 with the metering valve attached to it -in this application consistently referred to as extinguishing valve 10- on.
  • the hose nozzle is connected via outlet channel 6 and riser 7 with the interior of the container.
  • the riser 7 extends substantially to the bottom of the container, so that the container can be completely emptied.
  • the container 1 is filled with the extinguishing agent, e.g. Filled with water. It is pressurized by a print cartridge 8 in which a pressure medium / blowing agent (nitrogen or carbon dioxide) is stored.
  • a pressure medium / blowing agent nitrogen or carbon dioxide
  • the print cartridge 8 is mounted in the mouth of a pressure channel 9 on the closure head such that it protrudes into the container with the closure head.
  • the volume of the print cartridge is 1/10 to 1/60, preferably in the range between 2% and 4% of the volume of the extinguishing agent and the volume of the extinguishing agent.
  • a valve plate which closes the print cartridge 8, destroyed by means of a percussion plunger 11.
  • the percussion ram is guided in alignment with the central axis of the print cartridge 8 and to the also aligned rising branch 13 of the pressure channel sliding and sealing at the same time in the closure head.
  • the pressure channel 12 is guided in the closure head U-shaped. On its free mouth, a pressure tube 9 is set, which is connected to the filling opening 19 of the sub-tank 14 via an inlet valve-not shown-pressure-resistant.
  • the inlet valve is a check valve which is opened by spring pressure in its closed position and by pressurizing the pressure tube 9 (or the inner extinguishing agent container).
  • valve device 23 On its other outlet side 22 of the secondary tank 14 is closed by a valve device 23, here a predetermined breaking point, down.
  • the predetermined breaking point is created by a weakening of the jacket, which propagates in particular on a generatrix. At internal pressure of the sub-tank 14, the sub-tank opens to the outside here.
  • the secondary container 14 has on its back along a common generatrix a recess and forms on its periphery a constriction 20.
  • the secondary container 14 nestles with the indentation to the riser 7 and is secured in the region of these constrictions by means of a cable tie 20 on the riser 7 ,
  • the predetermined breaking point of the secondary container 14 is now designed so that it opens under the now emerging pressure.
  • the liquid-the foaming agent- is expelled from the secondary container into the extinguishing agent container, where it mixes with the extinguishing agent.
  • the extinguishing agent container is pressurized.
  • the secondary container contains the foaming agent.
  • Fluorinated surfactants which greatly reduce the surface tension of the water and on the one hand have excellent foaming properties and have a good extinguishing effect, but on the other hand damage the water, especially the groundwater, during extinguishment, were used for this purpose. Preference is therefore given to the use of fluorine-free foaming, but their foaming and extinguishing effect is worse, if they are not optimized by the mixing device according to the invention.
  • the foaming agent can also be added to the extinguishing agent immediately and filled into the extinguishing agent tank as a finished mixture.
  • This alternative is particularly suitable for permanent pressure extinguishers on, in which the extinguishing agent container is placed after filling with the extinguishing mixture by filling with a suitable pressure medium / propellant gas under continuous pressure.
  • the mixture of extinguishing agent and foaming agent supplied through extinguishing hose 15 to the extinguishing valve 10 which is actuated by a handle -opened and closed.
  • the extinguishing mixture can be sprayed on the fire site.
  • fluorine-free foaming agents a further treatment of the extinguishing mixture of extinguishing agent and foaming agent is carried out to improve foaming. It must be remembered that the extinguishing mixture forms a laminar flow substantially. It is therefore pre-empted a mixing device, which consists of the mixing chamber 18 and the ventilation chamber 21 placed thereon. The extinguishing mixture leaves this mixer as a foam.
  • the foam still has a substantially worse extinguishing effect than when using fluorine-containing surfactants as foaming agents, when the extinguishing mixture stream is divided into individual streams in the mixing chamber and discharged in this form.
  • the resulting foam dissolves over the burn site, e.g. burning liquid surface - thus has a lack of stability - and is not sufficient with its thickness to choke the flame - so has too little volume per unit weight-.
  • This jacket is firmly clipped to the outlet of the mixing chamber 18 by axially projecting hook 25, which just overlap an outer collar of the circular cylindrical mixing chamber.
  • the shell is provided with air inlet holes 26 on its circumference in a cross-sectional plane (ventilation plane).
  • the inner cross section of the ventilation chamber shell is narrowed below -d.h .: upstream of the aeration level, such that this restriction has a venturi-like effect and, by increasing the flow velocity in the region of the air inlet holes, a negative pressure of less than atmospheric pressure results, which leads to the intake of the ambient air.
  • this constriction is designed as a circumferential collar, ie Venturi-type constriction 27, which has the effect of increasing the flow velocity while reducing the static pressure in the extinguishing mixture stream.
  • the resulting negative pressure draws in the outside air / ambient air through the air inlet holes 26.
  • a further increase in volume is achieved by the wire mesh 29, which is placed on the orifice 30 of the circular cylindrical housing of the ventilation chamber 21 and clamped by means of screw ring 31 on a small circumferential on the inner circumference of the shell collar.
  • the wire mesh 29 consists of thin, less than 1 mm thick wires of metal or plastic, which are laid with a density between 15 and 40 meshes, preferably 20 to 35 meshes per square inch to a rectangular grid.
  • the cross section of the ventilation chamber 21 is between 20 and 50qmm, e.g. 35qmm.
  • This wire mesh 29 has the function of further mixing and mixing, in particular, the exiting foam jet enriched with air bubbles. It works but above all as a cross-sectional constriction and caused with the simultaneous increase in volume of the foam and an increase in the exit velocity and thus the throw of the foam.
  • Fig. 3 occurs in place of the venturi-like constriction (27) as a narrowing the shell cross-section filling grid, preferably Drahtgitter28. 21 connected so that the front edge of the mixing chamber 18 and the opposite rear edge of the ventilation chamber 21 this circumferential Schlitz26 release.
  • a cap sleeve 34 is screwed by thread pairing 35.
  • the cap sleeve 34 extends axially beyond a cylindrical extension 36, which has the mixing chamber 18 at its front free end and which forms the front edge of the mixing chamber 18.
  • the cap sleeve 34 has at its free end the circumferential hook 25, which engages behind the outer diameter stage of the cylindrical extension 36.
  • a thread into which a clamping sleeve 37 with its external thread can be screwed.
  • the clamping sleeve 37 clamped by screwing up to the stop the wire mesh 29 against the radial surface of the diameter step of the cylindrical extension 36th
  • the diameter of the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension 36 is smaller than the inner circumference of the cap sleeve 34 and also forms the circumferential hook 25 paraxial passages 39, as the top down 4A shows.
  • a cylindrical gap which connects the slot with the atmosphere.
  • the mixing chamber 18 has in all the described embodiments essentially the function to break the laminar flow of the extinguishing mixture into individual jets to divert these individual jets from the flow direction and to break it up into smaller pieces, drops, strands.
  • the cylindrical housing of the mixing chamber 18 is set on the one hand to the outlet of the extinguishing valve 10 and on the other hand connected by its own outlet with the ventilation chamber 21 -as described above.
  • the cylindrical one Housing inner cross-section is filled in several radial planes by perforated plates 32, 33 which lie in the flow behind each other.
  • the holes may be distributed differently, e.g. be distributed in several concentric rings on their perforated plates. These rings can have different diameters from perforated plate to perforated plate, so that the rays of the first perforated plate do not hit holes of the second perforated plate.
  • the holes of the second orifice plate have a direction different from the axial direction and are therefore inclined with respect to the axial direction in the circumferential direction inclined.
  • the holes of the perforated plate 32 are directed in the flow direction and distributed uniformly over the surface of the perforated plate. Perforated plates 32 divides the incoming extinguishing agent mixture stream into individual jets.
  • the holes of the downstream following perforated plate 33 are directed in the direction of flow and in addition also more or less transverse to it and evenly distributed over the surface of the perforated plate 33, but less than the number of holes.
  • Perforated plate 33 further divides the incoming single rays, redirects them and breaks them up into shorter pieces. Perforated plate 33 thus serves to give these individual jets a direction conducive to swirling and mixing and to chop them up.
  • a foam carpet is produced without the use of fluorine-containing surfactants, which places itself on the fire, especially on burning liquid levels, and is so firm that at a few centimeters thick foam layer, the flames are permanently stifled.
  • the foam formation depends on the flow rate of the extinguishing mixture of extinguishing agent and foaming agent.
  • This flow rate is known to depend on the volume expansion of the propellant gas; It therefore appears necessary to provide a sufficiently large volume of propellant gas relative to the volume of the extinguishing mixture or of the extinguishing agent container.
  • the amount of extinguishing mixture is reduced, which is disadvantageous for the extinguishing success.
  • the volume of propellant gas is kept small relative to the volume of extinguishing agent, and so small that the volume before expansion is between 2% and 4% of the volume of the extinguishing agent. This is mainly through the use of nitrogen reachable as propellant gas, which is stored until discharge in a print cartridge, preferably in the extinguishing agent container - see the description Fig.1 ,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Extincteur d'incendie
    avec un conteneur d'agent d'extinction (1) pour l'agent d'extinction et un conteneur secondaire (14) pour un agent moussant,
    • avec un canal (6) de mélange d'extinction, qui est relié au conteneur d'agent d'extinction et dans lequel le mélange d'extinction composé d'agent d'extinction et d'agent moussant est expulsé lors de l'utilisation de l'extincteur en pressurisant le conteneur d'agent d'extinction au moyen d'un gaz propulseur,
    • avec un dispositif de mélange en deux parties, à travers lequel le mélange d'extinction est guidé et qui comprend:
    + une chambre de mélange (18) qui est montée à l'extrémité du tuyau d'extinction (15) relié au canal de mélange d'extinction, et
    + une chambre de ventilation (21) comportant une enveloppe (24) réalisée sous la forme d'un corps rotatif cylindrique creux, qui est placée d'une part dans l'embouchure de la chambre de mélange (18) et d'autre part, sert de sortie pour la mousse d'extinction, à travers laquelle le mélange d'extinction, à l'état moussé, est pulvérisé comme mousse d'extinction,
    • et la section transversale intérieure du logement de la chambre de mélange (18) est remplie dans une pluralité de plans radiaux par des plaques perforées (32, 33), qui se trouvent dans le flux l'une derrière l'autre, dont la première plaque perforée (32) derrière l'entrée de l'agent d'extinction (2) une pluralité de trous à travers lesquels le mélange d'extinction traversant est divisé en une pluralité de flux et la plaque perforée suit en aval,
    • dans lequel la chambre de ventilation (21) comprend, dans un plan de ventilation aligné en coupe un plan transversal radial, des orifices d'admission d'air (26),
    ∘ disposés sur la circonférence de l'enveloppe (24),
    ∘ dirigés vers l'intérieur du dispositif de mélange,
    ∘ et reliant l'intérieur de l'enveloppe avec l'air ambiant de telle manière que des jets d'air aspirés sont dirigés dans le plan de ventilation sur le mélange extincteur divisé en jets individuels,
    • et dans lequel la section transversale intérieure de l'enveloppe de la chambre de ventilation (21) présente une constriction en section transversale entre le plan d'aération et les plaques perforées,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les trous des plaques perforées successives (32, 33) ne sont pas alignés et que les trous de la deuxième plaque perforée ont une direction différente de la direction axiale.
  2. Extincteur selon la revendication 1
    caractérisé en ce que
    la constriction de la section transversale intérieure de l'enveloppe de la chambre de ventilation (21) est un constriction en forme de venturi (27) par un collet circonférentiel sur la périphérie intérieure.
  3. Extincteur selon la revendication 1
    caractérisé en ce que
    la constriction est une grille (29) remplissant la section transversale de l'enveloppe de la chambre de ventilation (21), de préférence un grille en fils métalliques ou plastiques, dont le nombre de mailles est compris entre 15 et 40 / cm2, de préférence entre 25 et 35 mesh / cm2.
  4. Extincteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'embouchure de la chambre d'aération (21) est munie d'une grille (28) remplissant la coupe transversale de l'embouchure, de préférence un grille en fils métalliques ou plastiques, dont le nombre de mailles est compris entre 15 et 40 / cm2, de préférence entre 25 et 35 mesh / cm2.
  5. Extincteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les trous de la deuxième plaque perforée sont inclinés par rapport à la direction axiale dans la direction circonférentielle.
EP16750600.5A 2015-07-22 2016-06-30 Extincteur Active EP3337576B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015009329 2015-07-22
DE102016000079 2016-01-07
PCT/DE2016/000261 WO2017012601A1 (fr) 2015-07-22 2016-06-30 Extincteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3337576A1 EP3337576A1 (fr) 2018-06-27
EP3337576B1 true EP3337576B1 (fr) 2019-11-20

Family

ID=56683699

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16750600.5A Active EP3337576B1 (fr) 2015-07-22 2016-06-30 Extincteur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3337576B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE112016003293A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017012601A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018208295A1 (de) * 2018-05-25 2019-11-28 Fabrik chemischer Präparate von Dr. Richard Sthamer GmbH & Co. KG Schaumrohradapter
US11364399B2 (en) 2018-07-19 2022-06-21 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Fire suppression nozzle, nozzle assembly, and method for C6-based solution
WO2020112629A1 (fr) * 2018-11-26 2020-06-04 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Buse de suppression d'incendie, ensemble buse, système et procédé pour solution exempte de fluor
BE1028042B1 (fr) * 2020-02-10 2021-09-06 Uniteq S A Buse d’extinction d’incendie et extincteur
FI3862055T3 (fi) * 2020-02-10 2023-06-28 Uniteq S A Sammutussuutin ja palosammutin
US11833379B2 (en) 2021-09-16 2023-12-05 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Fire protection floor nozzle, systems, and methods for floor nozzle spray systems

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3337576A1 (fr) 2018-06-27
DE112016003293A5 (de) 2018-04-26
WO2017012601A1 (fr) 2017-01-26

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