EP3737518A1 - Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze - Google Patents
Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelzeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3737518A1 EP3737518A1 EP19701305.5A EP19701305A EP3737518A1 EP 3737518 A1 EP3737518 A1 EP 3737518A1 EP 19701305 A EP19701305 A EP 19701305A EP 3737518 A1 EP3737518 A1 EP 3737518A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- transfer system
- melt
- molten metal
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/06—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
- B22D41/01—Heating means
- B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/04—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like tiltable
- B22D41/05—Tea-pot spout ladles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/12—Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles
Definitions
- the present application relates to a melt transfer system for receiving, transporting and conveying a molten metal. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corresponding method.
- JP4190786 shows a transport container to which molten metal can be fed.
- the molten metal can be trans ported and conveyed out of the container by means of a set pressure difference between the interior of the container and the environment.
- air can be introduced into the interior of the container under pressure.
- the molten metal in the container can with a Pressure are applied, so that the molten metal in a connecting the interior of the container and the surrounding flow channel, insbesonde re a riser, rises and can be promoted from the container.
- the pressure is typically increased steadily, so that a promotion of the molten metal takes place through the flow channel or the riser to the outside.
- the outwardly transported molten metal can add air when emptying the container.
- the admixed air can greatly accelerate the hot metal melt so that an uncontrolled ejection of the metal melt can occur at an outlet of the hot-holding furnace.
- Such hot molten metal splashes are particularly dangerous for operators, but also for sensitive devices that are in the vicinity of the portable container dangerous.
- the filling operation and the discharging operation of the melt transfer device are controlled by a control unit which analyzes weight data of the melt transfer device. From the weight of the melt transfer device, it can be determined how much molten metal is present in the container of the device. If it is determined by the control unit that the molten metal inside the melt transfer device is running low, an emptying operation of the container of the melt transfer device is ended.
- the present invention has for its object to propose an alternative melt-transfer system.
- One of the objects of the present invention is, inter alia, to propose a melt transfer system which increases the safety of work for an operating staff and which facilitates the work for an operator. Further, the present invention may be based on the object to propose a corre sponding method that solves this problem.
- the melt transfer system comprises a transportable container for receiving the molten metal, a container lid arranged on the container for airtight closing of the container and a flow channel.
- the container lid preferably has a closable filling opening for filling the container with the molten metal and a corresponding Greö Stammsdeckel.
- the container lid may alternatively have a filling device for filling the container with molten metal through a filling tube or through the flow channel.
- the flow channel may be formed, for example, as a flow line or as a pipe, preferably as a riser.
- the flow channel may have round or square cross sections.
- the flow channel preferably has a refractory material so that hot molten metal can flow through the flow channel.
- the flow channel has a first end disposed in the container and a second end disposed outside the container for discharging the molten metal from the molten metal container.
- the melt transfer system preferably comprises a pneumatic unit for introducing air into the container. The air is introduced under pressure into the container.
- the pressure may be at least 0.1 bar, preferably at least 0.2 bar before.
- a pressure difference between a pressure prevailing in the container and a prevailing ambient pressure outside molten metal can be pushed out of the container through the flow channel or the riser pipe and conveyed out of the container.
- the Druckdif difference is typically increased.
- Control of the pressurization and adjustment of the pressure differential may be manually adjustable by an operator.
- a control unit controls the emptying of the container by adjusting the pressure difference between the first and second ends of the flow channel.
- the control unit controls, for example, a pneu matic unit, which is formed, the container interior with an air pressure to act on.
- the melt transfer system may further include a measuring unit having at least one pressure sensor for measuring a pressure in the container during conveyance and the control unit for controlling the delivery of the molten metal from the container through the flow channel.
- the control unit can be set up and configured, the
- control unit can be set up to determine a temporal pressure profile from the pressure measured by the measuring unit.
- a pressure may be determined in the container, preferably by means of the control unit and at least one pressure sensor comprising the measuring unit.
- the pressure can be measured, for example, directly in the container or in the above-mentioned pneumatic unit.
- the pressure sensors are arranged such that they measure the pressure of a container interior in which the molten metal is located.
- the pressure sensors preferably do not come into contact with the molten metal.
- the at least one pressure sensor can be arranged on an inner side of the container lid or in a pneumatic unit. From the measured pressure can be determined by the control unit, the pressure in the container.
- the molten metal delivery can be stopped when a Druckdif difference between a determined at a first time pressure and egg nem determined at a second time pressure is negative, preferably before the negative pressure difference is greater than a predetermined threshold before.
- the first time is earlier than the second time, the second time is later than the first time.
- the pressure difference is determined by the pressure at the first time point is subtracted from the pressure at the second time.
- the threshold amount is at least 1 mbar, more preferably at least 2 mbar, wherein the threshold value can be selected depending on the time interval between the first and the second time.
- a temporal pressure curve can be determined.
- the control unit can be set up and configured to determine this temporal pressure profile.
- This temporal Druckver run can be recorded and monitored, for example, by the trained and thereto set up control unit.
- the control unit typically controls that, for the continuous emptying of the container, air is continuously supplied to the container so that the pressure in the container increases. When the measured pressure in the container drops, the molten metal production can be stopped.
- the control unit may be directed and adapted to record and register such a pressure drop and then stop the molten metal production.
- the control unit can control the pneumatic unit such that it does not further pressurize and / or vent the container so that the pressure difference remains the same or falls.
- the control unit is designed and configured to carry out the control process steps described below and to stop the molten metal delivery, in particular by controlling the pneumatic unit. Based on the temporal pressure curve can be determined by the control unit, a pressure difference between tween at least two successive pressures. The molten metal delivery can be stopped in particular when the pressure difference is negative, that is, if the time later determined pressure is less than the earlier determined pressure, or if the average of two or more temporally determined later pressure is less than the mid-value of two or more pressures determined earlier.
- the pressures can be measured at defined time intervals. Preferably, the distances are the same.
- the time intervals between the pressure measurements may, for example, be a maximum of 500 ms, preferably a maximum of 100 ms, particularly preferably a maximum of 50 ms.
- the control unit can be designed and set up to carry out the pressure measurement in the timed intervals and to register the pressure values.
- the control unit can be designed and set up to adjust the time intervals of the measurements. From the pressures measured at defined time intervals, the time derivative dp / dt of the pressure profile can be determined.
- molten metal production can be stopped, in particular, if the derivative dp / dt is negative.
- a threshold S may be determined prior to or during the molten metal feed so that molten metal production is stopped only when the derivative is less than the threshold S, where the threshold S is less than zero.
- a criterion for stopping molten metal production can therefore be if dp / dt ⁇ 0 or if dp / dt ⁇ S ⁇ 0.
- the threshold value S can be determined empirically, for example.
- a threshold has the advantage that slight pressure fluctuations, for example, by Sog bine, friction losses and / or measurement inaccuracies, do not necessarily lead to a immedi conditions shutdown of the molten metal.
- the threshold value should be selected so that low pressure fluctuations do not cause a shutdown;
- the threshold Festge that the metal melt level is within the container near the
- Metal melt delivery be turned off when air enters the first end of the flow channel and before the air reaches the second end of the Strö flow channel.
- this time when air enters the first end of the flow channel, is characterized by a pressure drop.
- the pressure curve at this very time has a time derivative, the amount is greater than 1 mbar / s.
- a threshold value can therefore advantageously amount at least 1 mbar / s, preferably at least 5 mbar / s, more preferably min least 10 mbar / s.
- suction effects or manual, brief interruptions of production can be taken into account with the threshold value and incorporated into a threshold determination.
- a deviation or tolerance of the shutdown is preferably at most 4% of a filling weight of the container with molten metal. Particularly preferably, a deviation is at most 2% of a filling weight of the container with molten metal.
- a second pressure can be measured at a second location.
- the second measured pressure preferably correlates with a pressure in the container, with a pressure in the pneumatic unit for setting a pressure difference between an ambient pressure and a pressure in the container and / or with a pressure in the flow channel.
- the second pressure may be compared to the first measured pressure for correlation.
- the control unit can be set up and designed to average the measured values and / or to determine a temporal pressure curve on the basis of the averaged measured values.
- the temporal pressure curve can also be filtered in terms of its frequency.
- a bandpass filter in particular a bandpass filter with the used with the frequencies 5 Hz and 25 Hz who the.
- the amplitude of the filter output signal can be tightened as Abschaltkriterium ago.
- the control unit may be configured and configured to control a molten metal delivery on the basis of the output signal of the bandpass filter.
- the pressure difference between a pressure prevailing in the container and an outside prevailing ambient pressure can be reduced, in particular as soon as the determined derivative of the pressure curve is negative and is preferably moderately greater than the predetermined threshold value.
- the control unit may be arranged and configured to adjust this pressure difference and in particular to reduce the stopping of molten metal delivery.
- control unit may be designed and configured to determine from the measured pressure the temporal pressure curve p (t), to determine the time derivative of the pressure profile dp / dt and to determine the time derivative
- the derivative of the pressure curve dp / dt is negative and preferably if the derivative is larger in magnitude is the previously set threshold.
- a remainder of the melt typically remains in the container after the described discharge process. It may turn out that this rest melt blocked after cooling and solidification the flow channel or even disturbs zer.
- the blocking of the first end of the flow channel can insbesonde re at a renewed heating of the solidified melt be problematic, since the flow channel, in particular in the form of a riser, in the Aufhei zen of the proposed melt transfer system can advantageously serve as Ka min. It may therefore be an object of the invention to prevent this problem.
- the melt transfer system may comprise a tilting device for tilting the container.
- the container can be tilted with the tilting device such that the remaining melt flows at the bottom of a container inside in a rank the first end of the flow channel facing side.
- the first end of the flow channel may thus be moved upwardly with respect to a plane on which the melt transfer system is located.
- the remaining melt can release the first end of the Strö flow channel and solidify in the container.
- the flow channel in particular in the form of a riser, thus be used as a chimney. This may be advantageous in particular in relation to electrically prior art solutions of the prior art, since the flow channel, or the riser tube, is likewise heated.
- melt-transfer system can thus have the task of improving a molten metal transfer.
- the tilting device may comprise at least one articulated with the container base and a container-side locking device for Arre animals of the base in a functional position.
- the pedestal may be directly or indirectly, for example via at least one with the container.
- the base can be brought from a rest position in functional position, the base can protrude in the functional position on a container bottom.
- the melt-transfer system can also include several Schrägstellvorrich lines. It may be particularly advantageous to include at least two spaced apart skew devices, each having at least one base. For example, the melt transfer system can be tipped statically determined.
- the container-side locking device may comprise a latching, clamping or snap mechanism or a locking pin.
- a latching, clamping or snap mechanism or a locking pin.
- other locking mechanisms are conceivable.
- the container may include a first flange having a first flange-side bore.
- the stand may have a first stand-foot bore, which is aligned in the functional position coaxial with the first flange-side bore.
- the locking pin for locking the stand in functional position through the first flange side and the first stand-foot hole can be inserted.
- the locking bolt can accordingly be designed such that a bolt diameter corresponds to a diameter of the first flange-side and the first base-side bore.
- a diameter of the locking bolt for example, at least 10 mm, preferably at least 15 mm min.
- the locking pin, the base and / or the flange are / is preferably made of steel.
- the flange may preferably be welded to the container.
- the flange may also be otherwise connected, for example by a screw or plug connection, with the container.
- the stand may have a second stand-foot bore, which is aligned in Ru he ein coaxial with the first flange-side bore. In this way, the locking bolt for locking the stand in the rest position by the first flange side and the second stand-foot hole can be plugged.
- the base can be pivoted from the rest position to the functional position and vice versa.
- a pan can have the advantage that a de-defined movement possibility of the base is given, which is for a Operator is easy to understand and easy to execute.
- the base can be pivotally connected to the container so that no loose items can be lost.
- the base can also be unscrewed, foldable or telescopic, for example telescopic.
- the tilting device may have a fastening bolt which rotatably connects the pedestal to the flange.
- a fastening bolt longitudinal direction can be a rotational axis defi ned by which the base of the rest position in the functional position and vice versa is pivotable.
- the fastening bolt can be simply inserted in the flange-side bore (s) or a bearing, for example a ball bearing.
- the fastening bolt can be rigidly connected to the flange or rigidly connected to the base or in each case can be rotationally movably connected to the base and the flange.
- the tilting device may have a two-th flange, which is preferably formed corresponding to the first flange.
- the base can then be arranged in particular between the two flanges. This can increase a stability of Schrägstellvorrich device.
- the melt transfer system may in one embodiment comprise a Tragrah men with a rotary joint unit.
- the container may be connected to the support frame so pivotally, that the container about an axis of rotation of the rotary joint unit relative to the support frame is tilted.
- the container may be supported by the locked in functional position stand in tilted position.
- the container can be tilted by means of the tilting device by an angle of at least 1 °, preferably at least 3 °, especially preferably at least 5 ° relative to the support frame.
- Be the container can be tilted by means of the tilting device by an angle of at most 30 °, preferably at most 10 °, more preferably at most 6 ° relative to the support frame. So it can be ensured that the flow channel, in particular in the form of a riser, not clogged by erkal tender residual melt in the container and / or can be destroyed.
- the support frame in one embodiment, a support frame-side locking device for locking the pedestal in functional position to take.
- this locking mechanism may be formed, for example, as a latching, clamping or Schnappmecha mechanism or, for example, comprise a further locking pin. Both for the container side and for the lower, support frame-side locking device, a combination of different locking mechanisms can be used.
- the support frame-side locking mechanism the container can be transported in tilted position. Furthermore, a safer stand and a safer transport in functional position can be ensured.
- the base may have a third bore, which may be formed to receive a second locking pin in the functional position.
- the lower locking device can alswei sen at least one support frame side bore, which can be arranged coaxially with the third stand-foot bore in functional position.
- the second locking pin for securing the base to the lower support frame in the third stand-foot hole and the support frame side bore of the lower locking device can be inserted.
- the support frame may comprise at least one pair, preferably box-shaped, stacker shoes for receiving forklift tines.
- the melt-transfer system can be transported in a simple manner.
- the melt transfer system can be easily raised. In the raised position, the tilting device can be easily moved from a rest position to a func onswolf.
- the melt transfer system can be brought in such a way in a simple manner and by a sole Bedie ner in a tilted position.
- the stacker shoes can be box-shaped, in particular at least two cheeses can be provided. It may also be a box with rails or a rib-like separation may be provided to guide the truck tines when inserted into the truck shoes.
- the stacker shoes are designed such that a forklift can approach the melt transfer system from four sides and record.
- the melt transfer system may further comprise an alignment device for adjusting a container inclination and / or support frame inclination.
- this alignment device may be provided in addition to a tilting device.
- the alignment device may, for example, comprise at least three threaded rods, each of which may include feet, which may be adjustable in height, preferably independently of one another.
- the melt-transfer system can be aligned on an uneven floor, so that the melt-transfer system can have for example when operating against the container inner side bottom egg nen uniform melt level.
- the container of the melt transfer system can be tilted or tilted as follows.
- the melt transfer system can be raised so far that the base can be brought into a functional position.
- the melt-transfer system can be raised at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm.
- a lifting of at most 30 cm may be advantageous.
- the device can also be much higher angeho ben, so that the user for example, does not need to bend down to bring the stand in the functional position. Such an ergonomic operation can be improved.
- the base can be brought from a rest position to a functional position such that the stand extends beyond an underside of the container.
- the base can be locked in the functional position.
- the melt transfer system can be lowered.
- the lifting and lowering of the melt transfer system can be carried out with a Ga litter.
- the base by means of the support frame side
- the entire container lid In known systems for preheating transport containers, the entire container lid must be removed from the container for preheating. In example, then a relatively heavy, the container lid in size corresponding lid placed with integrated burner who the. In other known systems, the preheating is done with electric heating elements. Both are associated with a lot of work.
- the proposed system has the task of preheating the transport container with the container lid and with the preferably complete flow channel or riser, the workload for setting up the heater is comparatively low.
- the container lid of the melt ze-transfer system a heating opening with a heating opening vice surrounded connecting flange for flanging a preheater and for flanging a Schuö Maschinensdeckels and a Schu Maschinensdeckel for hermetically sealing the heating opening.
- Trans port container and flow channel or riser hot gases are introduced through the heating opening in the container, the hot gases are generated for example by a gas burner.
- the hot gases are discharged through the flow channel or the riser into the environment and thus also heat the flow channel or the riser.
- the Schuff tion cover can be releasably attached to the container lid, for example by means of screws or clamps and can seal the heating air tight.
- Such a heating opening has the advantage that a pre-heating device can be easily mounted on the container and then heat a melt solidified in the container and / or can pre-heat a container interior.
- the heating opening can be round, rectangular or polygonal.
- Their lights diameter or hydraulic diameter (4 * cross-sectional area divided by the circumference) can be at least 4 cm, preferably at least 6 cm, be particularly preferably about 9 cm. It can amount to a maximum of half of the clear diameter of the container opening, preferably a maximum of 20 cm.
- the heating opening for example, at most half as large as the
- the heating opening may preferably have about 1/3 of the size of the filling opening, particularly preferably about 1/6 of the size of the filling opening.
- the filling opening may have a diameter of at least 20 cm, preferably at least 30 cm and / or a diameter of at most 100 cm, preferably at most 80 cm.
- the container lid may have a diameter of at least 50 cm, preferably, at least 70 cm and / or a diameter of at most 250 cm, preferably at most 175 cm.
- the container lid, the Ranö Maschinensdeckels and / or the Schuzzisdeckel may in particular steel. Further, the container lid, the Gree Stammels and / or the Schuzzisdeckel may also include heat insulating layers of refractory materials such as fiber mats and / or refractory concrete.
- the container lid, the Gree Stammels and / or the Schuzzisdeckel may have the same or different materials.
- the Schu Maschinensdeckel may for closing the heating opening, for example, have a blind flange.
- the Schu Maschinens lid can be attached by means of brackets and / or screws to the container lid. This has the advantage that the Schuö Stammsdeckel can be easily mounted and removed from the container lid.
- connection flange can protrude on a top side of the cover such that a flange plane is spaced from the top side of the cover.
- a cantilever flange may in particular facilitate assembly of the burner to the flange.
- the flange structure can be better insulated.
- the flange plane can form an angle with the top of the lid (angled flange plane).
- the angle may be formed so that the gedach te extension of the axis of the flanged burner impinges on the surface of the solidified residual metal in the container. It can also be formed so that it meets the bottom of the container at about its center. It may also be formed to have the maximum distance to the container walls at about half the height of the container (i.e., orientation to the center of the container interior).
- the flange plane can with the lid top at an angle of at least 10 °, preferably at least 20 °, more preferably at least 30 ° and / or of not more than 90 °, preferably not more than 80 °, particularly preferably not more than 70 °.
- the flange plane with the cover top also include an angle of at least 40 ° or at least 50 °.
- An angled flange-on plane can have the advantage that a burner flanged to the connecting flange can be aligned in the direction of a container interior center or in the direction of a container side, for example into a region in which cooled residual melt is arranged.
- the Schumacher for better hand habability have a handle.
- This handle can be heat-insulated, for example, so that the lid can be operated by an operator even after the container interior has been heated.
- connection flange can be designed such that a corresponding flange of a preheating device, in particular a gas burner or an electronic heating element, for preheating the container interior to the flange by means of clamps or screws can be flanged.
- a preheating device in particular a gas burner or an electronic heating element
- the melt transfer system may include a burner cap, which comprises a preheater, preferably a gas burner and a mounting flange, which corresponds to the connecting flange of the heating port corres don.
- a burner cap which comprises a preheater, preferably a gas burner and a mounting flange, which corresponds to the connecting flange of the heating port corres don.
- ms, 2 is a schematic sectional view of the melt
- Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the almost empty
- Fig. 6 shows a further pressure profile in the container during the
- FIG. 8 shows the pressure curve of FIG. 5, with the additional time taken into account, FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a detail of the container with a support frame in a perspective view
- Fig. 14 (a) to (f) is a schematic representation of the method steps for tilting the container by means of a fork-lift truck Fig. 15, the burner unit in a perspective view.
- FIG. 1 shows a melt transfer system 1 with a container 2 for receiving a molten metal, a container lid 3 for airtight sealing of the container 2, a filling opening 4 and a Greier 5.
- Figures 1 (a) and 1 (b) show the melt Transfer system 1 from two different perspective views.
- FIG. 1 (c) shows the same view as FIG. 1 (b) with the filler opening cover 5 shown opened.
- the container 2 can be filled through the filling opening 4 with hot molten metal. After a filling process, the filling opening 4 of the Greöff voltage cover 5 are sealed airtight.
- a pneumatic unit 6 Via a pneumatic unit 6, a container interior 7 of the container 2 can be subjected to a pressure.
- the melt transfer system 1 further comprises a flow channel in the form of a riser 8.
- a pressure difference between a first end 8.1 of the riser 8, which is arranged in the container 2 and a second end 8.2 of the riser 8, which is arranged outside of the container 2.
- thermocouple 9 for monitoring the temperature of the molten metal is further arranged, which projects into the container interior.
- Be the container cover 3 also has a heating opening 10 with a arrange th heating cover 10.1.
- the melt-transfer system 1 to summarizes also stacker shoes 11, can interfere with the forklift tines.
- the stacker shoes 11 are box-shaped and designed such that they can be approached from 4 sides.
- the melt transfer system further comprises a tilting device 12, comprising a pedestal 12.2 and a support frame 12.1 with a rotary joint unit 12.1.1.
- FIG. 2 shows a melt transfer system 1 of FIG. 1 in a sectional view along an xy plane.
- the container 2 has an inner lining with refractory material 13. Viewed from outside to inside, the container 2 then has an insulation layer 14.
- the Outer lining 15 of the container 2 is made of steel.
- a burner unit 10.2 is mounted on a connection flange 10.3 instead of the Schuö Stammsdeckels 10.1.
- the burner unit 10.2 is fixed by clamping men on the container lid 3.
- the connecting flange 10.3 projects from the container lid 3 and is inclined with respect to the xz plane.
- the melt transfer system 1 further comprises a control unit 16 which can communicate with the melt transfer system 1, in particular with the pneumatic unit 6.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of an almost emptied container with a remainder of molten metal 17 in the container.
- the molten metal may for example be aluminum.
- the container is further filled with air 18.
- air 18 can penetrate into the riser 8.
- This air-melt mixture in the riser pipe 8 is shown in Figure 4 (b).
- Figure 4 (a) During a melt transfer operation at a time when the first end 8.1 of the riser pipe 8 is completely immersed in molten metal 17, only molten metal 17 is in the riser pipe 8, as shown in FIG. 4 (a). If air 18 penetrates the riser through the gap 19.1, the air 18 accelerates the molten metal 17 in the riser 8 in FIG. 4 (b) in such a way that dangerous metal splashes occur at the second end 8.2 of the riser.
- exemplary pressure curves 20 are shown over the time currency end of a molten metal promotion.
- the control unit 16 a stop the molten metal delivery, so stop the emptying process of the container 2, ver start and thus avoid the metal splashes described above.
- the pneumatic unit 6 causes a pressure increase in the container.
- a measuring unit that is, at least one pressure sensor, measures the pressure in the container 2.
- the pressure sensor can be mounted, for example, on a container lid underside 3.1 (see FIG.
- the control unit 16 determines the pressure profile 20 p (t) from the measured pressures.
- FIG. 5 shows a pressure curve during the transfer of the molten metal through the riser 8 from the first end 8.1 to the second end 8.2.
- the Mathraw tion begins and metal flows from the second end 8.2 of the riser 8.
- the Be rich II corresponds to a Sog bin.
- Region IV represents a pressure drop due to a brief transfer interruption from an operator.
- FIG. 6 shows, in addition to the pressure curve 20, the time derivative 21 of the pressure profile 20. This is determined by the control unit and is less than zero in the area VI.
- a smoothing of the time derivative curve 21 may be advantageous so that incorrect Auswertergeb can be avoided by pressure fluctuations as possible. If a simple comparison of p t and p is performed, the time derivative trend will oscillate. For a smoothing of the pressure gradient, it is advantageous to form an averaging of the last three or more pressure readings so that the measured values measured by the pressure sensor are filtered.
- the control unit 16 is set up and configured to perform this averaging.
- the time derivative dp / dt is shown filtered and provided with the reference number 21f.
- the control unit may be removablebil det to determine the filtered derivative as follows:
- reaction time is the time required by the control unit to detect the pressure drop.
- the control unit may be configured to determine the filtered derivative as follows: dp_ _ Pt ⁇ Pt-i
- the control unit is designed and set up to determine the time derivative of the pressure profile 20 and to switch off a delivery of molten metal through the riser 8 as soon as the discharge is less than zero.
- the control unit may be configured to only switch off the conveyance of molten metal through the riser pipe 8 when the discharge is less than zero and the discharge is larger in magnitude than a threshold value.
- This threshold may be, for example, 12 mbar / s.
- melt-transfer system 1 After switching off the promotion of molten metal 17 typi cally remains a residue molten metal 17 in the container 2. So that this does not clog after cooling the first end 8.1 of the riser 8, the melt-transfer system 1 is advantageously equipped with a Schrägstellvor device 12.
- Figure 9 is a schematic sectional view of the melt-transfer system 1 is shown, which is inclined by means of Schrägstellvor direction such that the molten metal 17 has flowed into a region opposite the riser 8 and thus releases the first end 8.1 of the riser.
- the tilting device 12 is shown (at least partially).
- the tilting device 12 includes a base 12.2 of two container-side flanges 12.3 is hinged pivotally.
- the base 12.2 can be pivoted so from a functional position in a rest position.
- FIG. 10 shows the base in a rest position.
- the container-side flanges 12.3 each have a first bore 12.3.1, which are in the func onswolf coaxial with a first stand-foot bore 12.2.1 positio ned.
- a locking pin 12.4 is further shown, which locks the stand 12.2 in the rest position.
- the container-side flanges 12.3 may each have a second bore 12.3.2, through which the
- Locking pin 12.2 is pushed to lock the stand in the rest position.
- the container-side flange can comprise a plurality of flange regions, for example in the form of individual flanges.
- the term "container-side flange” is used here as a generic term for one or more flanges connected to the container 12.
- the base 12.2 also has a third stand-foot bore 12.2.3 for locking the base to a support frame by means of a further locking bolt.
- the container 2 is shown with a support frame 12.1.
- the support frame 12.1 comprises a rotary joint unit 12.1.1, via which the container 2 is pivotally connected to the support frame 12.1 such that the Bephol ter 2 about a rotational axis A of the rotary joint unit 12.1.1 relative to the support frame 12.1 tiltable, wherein the container 2 can be supported by the locked in functional position stand 12.2 in tilted position.
- the support frame is shown in a perspective view.
- the support frame comprises, in addition to the rotary joint unit 12.1.1 a lower
- Locking device 12.1.2 which has two flanges, each with a bore 12.1.2.1.
- the holes are aligned coaxially, so that the base 12.2 can be taken by the locking pin in functional position on the support frame 12.1.
- a further locking pin 12.4 can be pushed through the third stand-foot bore 12.2.3 and the two holes 12.1.2.1 of unte ren locking device.
- Figure 13 shows the korrespondie-generating elements of the rotary joint unit 12.1.1, which are attached to the container, preferably welded, are.
- the container-side rotary joint unit 12.1.1 is arranged on an outer side of the container 2 with respect to the Standfußan transfer in the form of the container side flanges 12.3.
- the support frame has two crossed box-shaped stacker shoes 11 for receiving forklift tines.
- the support frame faces an alignment device for adjusting a support frame inclination a bottom surface on which the support frame is arranged on. This is not shown in the figure.
- Fig. 14 (a) the melt transfer system 1 of the above figures is shown schematically on a forklift.
- the tines of the forklift are positioned in the stapler shoes 11.
- the melt-transfer system 1 with the Gabelstap ler example 200 mm raised from the ground.
- the base 12.2 is pivoted by an operator 23 from a rest position to a functional position ent long arrow 24 (see, Fig. 14 (b)).
- the base 12.2 is locked in the functional position by means of the locking bolt 12.4 (see Fig. 14 (c)).
- Fig. 14 (d) shows the schematic representation of the forklift 22 with the melt transfer system 1 with unfolded base 12.2 in Func onsdian.
- the transfer system 1 of Figure 14 (d) is lowered, so that the container 2 with the stand 12.2 folded out, wherein the melt transfer system 1 is lowered, so that the container is tilted relative to a bottom surface 25 by 5 ° .
- the base 12.2 can be locked by means of the lower locking device 12.1.2 on the support frame 12.1 with a further locking pin 12.4 as described above (see Fig. 14 (f)).
- the melt-transfer system 1 is shown in a perspektivi rule view.
- the melt transfer system 1 corresponds to that of the above figures.
- the burner unit 10.2 is fastened by means of clamps to a connecting flange 10.3, so that the burner 10.2.2 projects into the container interior 7.
- the burner is preferably a gas burner, with which the container interior can be preheated.
- the connecting flange 10.3 projects from an upper side of the container lid 3 upwards and is angeord net that the burner 10.2.2 not directly the riser 8 cheers.
- the riser 8 is used during preheating as a fireplace and is thus heated advantageous.
- the melt transfer system 1 is shown in a perspective view.
- the melt transfer system 1 corresponds to that of Obi gene figures.
- the heating opening is sealed airtight by the heating opening cover 10.1.
- the heating opening has a diameter of 9 cm and is round.
- the filling opening has a diameter of 60 cm and the container lid has a diameter of 110 cm.
- the container lid and the filler cap are made of steel geferd and delivered with refractory material.
- FIG. 15 shows the burner unit 10.2 in a perspective view.
- the burner unit 10.2 has a plug for supplying the burner with power. Furthermore, the burner unit 10.2 has a gas connecting piece
- a burner tube 10.7 is spatially by a burner connection flange 10.2.1 of the terminals 10.4, 10.5 and
- the application contains, among other things, the following aspects:
- Molten metal production is stopped when a pressure difference between a determined at a first time pressure and egg nem determined at a second time point pressure is negative, preferably wherein the negative pressure difference is greater in magnitude than a predetermined threshold.
- Molten metal production is stopped when the derivative dp / dt is negative, preferably the negative derivative is greater in amount than a predetermined threshold.
- the threshold lenwert amount to at least 1 mbar / s, preferably at least 5 mbar / s, more preferably at least 10 mbar / s.
- a second pressure is measured at a second location, wherein the second measured pressure with a pressure in the container, with a pressure in a pneumatic unit for adjusting a pressure difference between an ambient pressure and a pressure in the container and / or correlated with a pressure in the flow channel.
- a frequency of the temporal pressure curve is filtered, preferably before with a bandpass filter.
- a pressure difference between the first, container side end and the second end of the flow channel for stopping the molten metal delivery is reduced as soon as the determined Ablei direction of the pressure curve is negative and is preferably greater in magnitude a predetermined threshold.
- melt transfer system for storing and transporting a molten metal, comprising
- a container for receiving the molten metal a container lid disposed on the container for sealing the container in an air-tight manner, comprising a closeable one A filling opening for filling the container with the molten metal, a flow channel, having a first end disposed in the container and a second end disposed outside the molten metal container for discharging the molten metal from the molten metal container,
- a measuring unit with at least one pressure sensor for measuring a pressure in the container during conveying
- control unit for controlling the conveyance of the molten metal from the container through the flow channel, wherein the control unit is set up and configured, the
- melt-transfer system characterized in that the control unit is designed and set up to determine a temporal pressure curve p (t) from the measured pressure, to determine a time derivative of the pressure curve dp / dt and to stop the molten metal production if the derivative of the pressure curve dp / dt is negative, and preferably if the derivative is greater in magnitude than a predetermined threshold value.
- melt transfer system according to aspect 9 or 10, characterized in that the control unit is designed and set to stop the molten metal delivery a pressure difference between tween the first, container side end and the second end of the flow channel to reduce.
- the threshold amount is at least 1 mbar / s, preferably, at least 5 mbar / s, more preferably at least 10 mbar / s.
- control unit is designed and directed, in each case at least two, preferably at least three chronologically successively measured by the measuring unit pressures to mittein and the derivative based on the averaged pressures determine.
- melt transfer system according to one of the aspects 9 to 12, characterized in that the at least one pressure sensor at an ner inside the container lid and / or is arranged in a pneumatic unit.
- Melting-transfer system according to one of the aspects 9 to 13, characterized by a tilting device for tilting the loading container, wherein the tilting device comprises at least one pivotally connected to the melt transfer system base and a container-side locking device for locking the stand in a functional position, wherein the base from a rest position can be brought into functional position and protrudes in the functional position on a container bottom.
- the container lid a filling opening for filling the container with a molten metal, a Greeticians cover for hermetically sealing the filling opening, a heating opening, with a heating flange surrounding flange for Anflan's a preheater and for flanging a heater opening cover and a Schumacher Stamm Ver close the heating opening, wherein the Schumacher Stammsdeckel is releasably secured to the container lid and the heating opening airtight seals.
- a melt transfer system comprising a container for receiving a molten metal, a flow channel for conveying the molten metal from a container through the flow channel and a container lid for airtight sealing of a container interior,
- the container lid has a heating opening, with a heating flange surrounding the connecting flange for flanging a preheater and for flanging a Schuungsö Maschinensdeckels and
- the heating opening has a diameter of at least 4 cm, preferably at least 6 cm and / or a diameter of at most 30 cm, preferably a maximum of 20 cm having.
- melt transfer system according to aspect 16 or 17, characterized in that the container lid
- melt-transfer system according to aspect 16, 17 or 18, characterized in that the container lid has a diameter of at least 50 cm, preferably at least 70 cm.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized in that the Schumachersdeckel is attached by means of brackets and / or screws to the container lid.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized in that the Schu Stammsdeckel comprises a refractory layer.
- connection flange protrudes on a cover top side such that a flange plane to the top cover is spaced apart, wherein preferably the flange plane has a distance of at least 10 mm, particularly preferably at least 30 mm.
- melt transfer system according to aspect 22, characterized in that the flange plane with the top cover at an angle of at least 10 °, preferably at least 20 °, especially before given to at least 30 ° and / or at most 90 °, preferably at least 80 ° , more preferably at most 70 °.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized in that the Schumachersdeckel has a handle.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized in that the Schuö Stammsdeckel for closing the heating opening has a blind flange.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding Aspects, characterized in that the connecting flange is designed such that a corresponding flange of a Vorholicvor direction, in particular a gas burner or an electronic heating element, for preheating the container interior to the flange with means of clamps or screws can be flanged.
- a Vorholicvor direction in particular a gas burner or an electronic heating element
- melt transfer system according to aspect 26, characterized in that the connecting flange is designed such that a gas flame of a flanged gas burner terarguess in the direction of Bephol, preferably in the center of the container bottom, is aligned.
- melt transfer system according to aspect 26 or 27, comprising a burner cap, comprising a preheater, preferably a gas burner, comprising a flange which corresponds to the con nection flange of the heating opening.
- Melting transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized by a tilting device for Kip pen of the container, wherein the tilting device comprises at least one hingedly connected to the melt transfer system base and a container-side locking device for locking the base in a functional position, wherein the base can be brought from a rest position into functional position and protrudes in the functional position on a container bottom.
- melt transfer system according to one of the preceding aspects, characterized by
- a measuring unit with at least one pressure sensor for Mes sen a pressure in the container during the delivery and
- control unit for controlling the conveyance of the molten metal from the container through the flow channel, wherein the control unit is set up and configured, the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18151512.3A EP3511092A1 (de) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze |
| PCT/EP2019/050698 WO2019138078A1 (de) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-01-11 | Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3737518A1 true EP3737518A1 (de) | 2020-11-18 |
| EP3737518B1 EP3737518B1 (de) | 2023-08-02 |
Family
ID=60957237
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18151512.3A Withdrawn EP3511092A1 (de) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze |
| EP19701305.5A Active EP3737518B1 (de) | 2018-01-12 | 2019-01-11 | Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18151512.3A Withdrawn EP3511092A1 (de) | 2018-01-12 | 2018-01-12 | Schmelze-überführungssystem zum aufnehmen, transportieren und fördern einer metallschmelze |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210138539A1 (de) |
| EP (2) | EP3511092A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2962665T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019138078A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD926241S1 (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2021-07-27 | Yewei LI | Metal melting furnace |
| USD970568S1 (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-11-22 | Ningbo Cyanbulls Industry & Trade Co., Ltd. | Propane melting furnace |
| CN114653931B (zh) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-06-23 | 嘉善天晟精密铸件股份有限公司 | 一种自动铸造浇注设备 |
| CN116447869B (zh) * | 2023-03-27 | 2025-08-22 | 云南驰宏资源综合利用有限公司 | 一种锌液倒运方法及装置 |
| CN118788956B (zh) * | 2024-09-13 | 2024-12-27 | 炬鼎热能科技(苏州)有限公司 | 一种倾斜式出料的防堵塞铝液转运包及其方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3466178B2 (ja) * | 2000-12-27 | 2003-11-10 | 株式会社豊栄商会 | 容 器 |
| JP4190786B2 (ja) | 2002-03-29 | 2008-12-03 | 株式会社豊栄商会 | 溶融金属供給システム、溶融金属供給装置及び車輌 |
| JP2004188425A (ja) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-08 | Hoei Shokai:Kk | 容器 |
| JP2008229636A (ja) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-10-02 | Hoei Shokai:Kk | 容器保持装置 |
-
2018
- 2018-01-12 EP EP18151512.3A patent/EP3511092A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-01-11 US US16/961,277 patent/US20210138539A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-01-11 WO PCT/EP2019/050698 patent/WO2019138078A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2019-01-11 ES ES19701305T patent/ES2962665T3/es active Active
- 2019-01-11 EP EP19701305.5A patent/EP3737518B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3737518B1 (de) | 2023-08-02 |
| EP3511092A1 (de) | 2019-07-17 |
| ES2962665T3 (es) | 2024-03-20 |
| US20210138539A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
| WO2019138078A1 (de) | 2019-07-18 |
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