EP3712306B1 - Carding machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a card for processing fibers with a drum having a working width and carding elements arranged opposite the drum for parallelizing the fibers and separating elements for separating trash parts and short fibers with a suction channel. The circumference of the drum is divided into a pre-carding zone, a main carding zone, a post-carding zone and a sub-carding zone, and the carding elements and the separating elements span the entire working width.

Cards are used in spinning preparation plants, which contain various working elements for cleaning, sorting, opening, carding, etc. of the fiber material to be processed. The most diverse types of fibers are processed, including cotton fibers or man-made fibers or mixtures thereof. Working elements with knife elements, so-called separating knives, are used to separate short fibers and trash parts. The trash parts or short fibers are separated by the separating knife from a rotating drum, with the help of which the fiber material is transported past the separating knives. For this purpose, an opening in the working element is provided in front of the separating knife against the surface of the rotating drum and the fiber material transported thereon, which serves as an ejection opening for the components separated from the fiber material by the separating knife. After the components separated by the separating knife have passed the ejection opening, they are fed to a suction channel and conveyed away. Different types of separating knives are used in cards in the spinning preparation.

Working elements of this type are known in various designs. For example, the writing describes CH 639 434 A5 a dirt separator, which has a knife blade that is spaced radially from the drum of the card and serves as a knife element, as well as a collecting rail that is also spaced radially. A gap is left between the catch rail and the knife blade. The one from the knife blade and The space delimited by the collecting rail is covered and forms a negative pressure suction chamber.

Another cleaning element with a separating knife is disclosed in the document DE 39 02 204 A1 . In it, an ejection distance is determined by the distance between the knife blade and the upstream element. The dirt separated through the ejection opening with the help of the knife blade is guided along the knife blade to a suction duct. A guide element is attached to the back of the upstream element, which can be pivoted into the ejection opening and thereby changes the size of the ejection opening and the separation behavior of the cleaning element.

The European patent application EP 0 388 791 A1 also discloses a device for separating dirt with the aid of a knife blade, the knife blade being preceded by a carding element and a guide element being arranged downstream. Next revealed the DE 94 19 619 U1 a flat card with a large number of separating elements, with each carding segment being arranged downstream of a knife/suction chamber unit on the circumference of the drum.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that the working elements, due to their construction with an upstream guide surface and a downstream carding surface for separating dirt and short fibers, take up a large part of the available peripheral surface of the rollers opposite them. Due to the necessary size of the suction pipe, a large amount of space is required for the use of a separating knife or a knife blade. As a result, only a limited number of separating points is possible on the available circumference in the various carding zones of the drum. This means that in front of the separating knives or knife blades, a correspondingly large separating opening or a large distance between the element in front of the knife blade and the surface of the opposite roll must be set in order to achieve a required separating rate. The large distance between the element in front of the knife blade and the surface of the opposite roller in combination with a large ejection opening causes the knife blade to penetrate deeper into the fiber material. However, this results in an increase in the risk of increased excretion of good fibers. Good fibers are fibers present in fiber material which, because of their length should not be discarded but sent for further processing. Working elements for separating dirt and short fibers should therefore not separate any good fibers from the fibrous material.

The object of the present invention is now to provide a card of the type mentioned at the beginning which does not have the mentioned disadvantages of the known prior art and allows an increase in the number of separating points on the circumference of the drum. In addition, the object of the present invention is to achieve a flexible configuration of the throwing distance and an improvement in the separation of dirt and short fibers while reducing the separation of good fibers.

The object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent patent claim. To solve the problem, a new type of card for processing fibers is proposed with a drum having a drum circumference, a drum surface and a working width, with carding elements for parallelizing the fibers and separating elements for separating dirt lying opposite the drum surface of the drum that can be rotated about an axis of rotation in one direction of rotation and short fibers are arranged and the separating elements are provided with a suction channel. The circumference of the drum is divided into a pre-carding zone, a main carding zone, a post-carding zone and a lower carding zone. The carding elements and the separating elements span the entire working width. At least one separating element with a base body, a suction channel and a knife element is provided in the post-carding zone, the pre-carding zone or the lower carding zone, the knife element having a large number of ejection openings and knife blades assigned to the ejection openings and at least one air guiding element being arranged between the suction channel and the knife element. By attaching a large number of knife blades in a knife element and thus in a separating element, several ejection openings and thus also several knife blades which function as separating knives can be created in a small space. As a result, a suction channel does not have to be assigned to every ejection opening. The ejection openings of all knife blades of a knife element can be allocated in a single common suction channel, which results in further space savings. The large number of knife blades also enables the trash particles to be peeled off gently from the fiber fleece guided under the knife blades, as a result of which good fibers can be avoided. By combining a large number of knife blades in one knife element, a diversely variable arrangement, shape and size of the individual knife blades is possible. The number of separating points in the various carding zones or at the licker-in is increased many times over by the proposed design of the separating elements. The ejection openings are evenly distributed over the working width and arranged in rows. Several rows of ejection openings are provided one after the other in a knife element, seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. A regular arrangement of the ejection openings and thus of the knife blades results in a uniform effect of the ejection over the working width and also has manufacturing advantages.

At least one air guiding element is arranged between the suction channel and the knife element in the base body. The fact that a large number of successive knife blades and ejection openings are arranged results in air turbulence, which is caused by the suction channel and the movement of the fiber material. In order to minimize the influence of the ejection openings or suction points arranged one behind the other, which are connected via a common suction duct, it is advantageous to guide or channel the air flowing to the suction duct using air guiding elements.

In a first embodiment, the air guiding elements are advantageously arranged at an angle of inclination α, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum, inclined toward the blade element. The inclination of the air guiding elements is to be adapted to the design of the suction duct, preferably the angle of inclination α is 10 to 50 degrees. In this case, an air guiding element is assigned to each or every second ejection opening. This design is preferably used when the suction channel is directly connected to the knife element. In an alternative embodiment, the air guiding element is parallel to the ejection openings at least in the area Knife element is arranged and a transport space is formed between the knife element and the air guiding element, the transport space being connected to the suction duct. As a result, a narrow transport space is formed between the knife element and the suction channel, which is preferably guided into the suction channel at the end of the knife element, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum.

On the side of the knife element opposite the suction duct, a passive air supply is preferably created in this transport space between the air guiding element and the knife element, whereby an air flow is generated over the knife element in the direction of the suction duct. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one air supply duct is provided in the base body, with the air supply duct opening into the transport space between the blade element and the air guiding element. The supply air duct enables a controlled, active supply of air into the transport space, for example through the use of compressed air. An active air supply into the transport space is particularly advantageous when the working elements are designed with a large length in the direction of rotation of the drum. The active air supply also makes it possible to clean the transport space with a compressed air impulse.

A length of the separating element is preferably 50 mm to 400 mm, seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, and the side of the separating element opposite the drum surface is configured concentrically to the drum. The length of the blade elements must be adapted to their place of use. A width of the knife elements adapted to the working width enables the knife elements to be inserted into the separating elements in modules. By using different knife elements, different versions of knife elements can be provided over the course of the working width. By using longer separating elements, there is the possibility of arranging a large number of knife blades over a short distance in a space-saving manner, since only a single suction channel needs to be installed for the entire separating element, regardless of the number of knife blades. With a large length of the separating element, this spans a longer sector of the drum surface, which means that the separating element must be molded onto the drum surface in order to achieve a correspondingly small distance from the drum surface for all knife blades.

Advantageously, the blade element is formed from sheet metal with a sheet thickness of 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, with im Sheet metal the ejection openings are recessed and the knife blades are formed by edges of the ejection openings. The recesses and thus also the ejection openings and knife blades can be produced by a punching process known from the prior art. The shorter the length or the width of the knife elements is chosen, the smaller the sheet thickness can be chosen, which has manufacturing advantages for the design of the edges of the ejection openings for forming the individual knife blades. The recesses that form the ejection openings can be provided as simple punched openings or with a radius of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm on the side opposite the knife blades. A rounding of the edges from the punching process on the side of the knife element facing away from the drum surface leads to an improved conveyance of the separated parts into the suction channel. It is also conceivable to design the ejection openings as so-called beads. One edge of the ejection opening is bent slightly out of the plane of the sheet metal and forms the knife blade. The individual knife blades protrude by 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, from the plane of the ejection openings and result in the effect of a previously used individual knife blade reaching into the fiber material.

In the case of smaller blade elements, however, it is also conceivable to machine them out of thicker sheet metal of up to 40 mm. By machining the ejection openings, they can be arranged obliquely at an angle β of 10 to 80 degrees, particularly preferably 30 to 70 degrees, with respect to the sheet metal surface. Due to the small sheet thickness, it is possible to design blade elements which cover a larger section of the roll circumference, since the blade elements can be molded to the shape of the roll surface. It has been shown that a sheet metal thickness of 0.3 mm results in good deformability with sufficient stability. In the case of small sheet metal thicknesses or for technical assembly reasons, it is advantageous if the knife element includes a frame into which the sheet metal is inserted. Devices required for fastening the blade element or through-holes required for a screw connection can be attached to the frame. The knife element also has a necessary seal between the knife element and the base body preferably a frame. Due to this construction, a small sheet thickness can be selected for the blade element even under high loads.

It is also advantageous if the ejection openings of the knife element have a length of 5 mm to 200 mm, a width of 2 mm to 15 mm and a spacing of 0.1 mm to 20.0 mm. Preferably, the discharge openings have a length to width ratio of less than 20 to 1, with the width of the discharge openings being seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The longer edge of the ejection opening extends in the direction of the working width so that the edge formed by the ejection opening which is used as the knife blade has an effect corresponding to a separating knife. It has been shown that square ejection openings with a corresponding edge length still meet the requirements. A close arrangement of large ejection openings has an effect on the stability of the knife element and can, under certain circumstances, be compensated for by selecting the size of the knife elements or by increasing the sheet metal thickness. The ejection openings can be designed in various geometric shapes, with a rectangular shape or a rectangular shape rounded at the ends being preferable. In relation to the length of the ejection opening, the knife blades are also correspondingly long. However, trapezoidal or triangular ejection openings are also conceivable.

A wide variety of variants are possible for the arrangement of the ejection openings and thus also the knife blades within a knife element. In a preferred embodiment, the width of successive ejection openings decreases in the working direction. This means that the ejection openings are getting narrower and narrower as seen in the working direction. As a result, the excretion becomes smaller when viewed in the working direction and better fiber guidance. It has been found that as the width of the ejection opening decreases, the largest width is 2 mm to 20 mm, preferably 3 mm to 10 mm, and the smallest width is 0.1 mm to 12 mm, preferably 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm, a good compromise between fiber guidance and result in excretion. Another variant is that, viewed in the working direction, ejection openings arranged one behind the other are offset in the direction of the working width. This ensures that there is no area without a knife blade across the working width. The different variants can also be combined, for example the first ejection openings can be arranged without offset and subsequently staggered and narrowing ejection openings can be provided.

Advantageously, at least two guide elements are provided on the blade element in the working direction, with the guide elements being arranged on a side facing the drum surface. The guide elements prevent the knife element from being brought too close to the opposite drum surface when it is used in the card. The guide elements consist of narrow sheet metal strips which are attached to the knife element by welding, soldering or gluing. The guide elements are only a few tenths of a millimeter high so as not to impede the elimination process. The guide elements can be arranged in a straight, oblique, angled, curved or offset manner along their course along the working direction. The guide elements can be made from the same material as the knife element or from plastic. Alternatively, the function of the guide elements can be fulfilled by a corresponding embossing of the blade elements. In this case, elevations, for example in the form of nubs, are formed in the knife element between the ejection openings by an embossing manufacturing process, which prevent the knife element from being brought too close to the opposite roll surface when it is used in a machine.

Preferably, the knife element is detachably attached to the base body. The construction of the separating element with a detachable blade element attached thereto means that an adjustment of the blade setting by a simple The knife element can be exchanged and there is no need for a difficult adjustment of the knife blades, as is known from the prior art. The blade element can be attached to the base body by using a support body in order to facilitate assembly and disassembly. The same principle can also be applied to changing the ejection distance due to the new construction according to the invention. If, due to a change in the product to be processed, a larger or smaller ejection range is to be set or the separating element is to be limited to a small number of knife blades, this can be done by simply changing the knife element. There is also no need to preset the separating elements by precisely measuring the position of the knife blades in relation to the bearing points of the separating element over the entire working width. By using a knife element that cannot be adjusted in height relative to the bearing points of the separating element, the setting of a distance between the knife blades and the drum surface is given solely by the adjustment of the separating elements in the bearing points.

The blade element is preferably composed of a plurality of sub-elements, with the sub-elements being attached individually to the base body. This results in the advantage that due to wear and tear only the affected elements have to be exchanged.

It is also advantageous if two blade elements are arranged next to one another on the base body of the separating element, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum, the blade elements having the same or different forms of the ejection openings. This design makes it possible to increase the length of the separating elements in the direction of rotation of the drum without increasing the length of the individual knife elements. An associated suction channel is preferably provided for each knife element.

Advantageously, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum, a carding element or a sliding element is attached to the base body between the blade elements. Such an arrangement of various elements corresponds to the current arrangement of Separating, carding and sliding elements in conventional high-performance cards, however, has the advantage that a larger number of knife blades are used and the entire element can be pre-assembled outside of the card.

Advantageously, a supply air opening leading across the working width is provided before or after the separating element, which allows air to be exchanged between the drum and the ambient air. It has been shown that when long separating elements are used, the flow conditions on the drum surface can be calmed by such an air exchange.

Figur 1

Schematische Darstellung einer Seitenansicht einer herkömmlichen Karde nach dem Stand der Technik;

Figur 2

Vergrösserte Darstellung der Nachkardierzone nach der Figur 1;

Figur 3

Schematische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Ausscheideelements;

Figur 4

Schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Ausscheideelements;

Figur 5

Schematische Darstellung einer Ansicht X des Ausscheideelements nach Figur 4;

Figur 6

Schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Messerelements;

Figur 7

Schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Messerelements;

Figur 8 bis Figur 11

Schnittdarstellungen verschiedener Ausführungsformen von Messerelementen an der Stelle Y nach der Figur 6

The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment and illustrated in more detail by drawings. Show it

figure 1

Schematic representation of a side view of a conventional prior art card;

figure 2

Enlarged view of the post-carding zone after figure 1 ;

figure 3

Schematic representation of a first embodiment of a separating element;

figure 4

Schematic representation of a second embodiment of a separating element;

figure 5

Schematic representation of a view X of the separating element according to FIG. 4;

figure 6

Schematic representation of an embodiment of a knife element;

figure 7

Schematic representation of a further embodiment of a knife element;

Figure 8 to Figure 11

Sectional views of various embodiments of knife elements at point Y after figure 6

figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a known revolving flat card in a side view. The fiber tufts 1 to be carded, which can consist of natural fibers or chemical fibers or mixtures thereof, are filled into a hopper (not shown) in the form of cleaned and dissolved tufts. From the hopper, the flakes are as a breezeur respectively. Pick-in 2 taken over and a drum resp. Drum 3 fed. The flakes are broken up on the drum 3, parallelized and cleaned. Due to the upstream connection of a multiple licker-in 2, this already partially dissolves and cleans the fiber tufts 1 . These processes take place through the interaction of drum 3, respectively. The stationary working elements 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged over the drum circumference in four main zones, a pre-carding zone 9, a post-carding zone 10 and a lower carding zone 11. The The main carding zone is formed by the traveling blanket unit 5. The drum 3 is provided with clothing on its surface and rotates about its axis of rotation 4 in a direction of rotation 17 from the licker-in 2 via the main carding zone to a doffer roller 6. By processing the fibers between the clothing of the drum 3 and the stationary arranged opposite the drum clothing or moving working elements 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, the fibers on the drum 3 form a fiber web, which is removed from the doffer roller 6 and then formed into a card sliver 8 in a manner known per se in a sliver-forming unit 7 consisting of various rollers becomes. The stationarily attached working elements in the various carding zones 9, 10, 11 are, for example, carding elements 12, working elements with separating knives 13, 14, 15 or guide or cover elements.

Working elements with separating knives 13, 14, 15 are used to separate dirt, impurities and short fibers. Working elements with separating knives 13 , 14 , 15 are used in the pre-carding zone 9 , the post-carding zone 10 , the lower carding zone 11 and also in the licker-in 2 . With the help of the separating knives, dirt particles, impurities and short fibers are separated from the surface of the drum 3 and the surface of a rib roller 15 from the fiber fleece and transported away.

figure 2 shows an enlarged representation of the post-carding zone 10 after FIG figure 1 . In the exemplary embodiment shown, three working elements 15 are shown in the embodiment with a separating knife 18 and a suction pipe 19 . The separating knives 19 remove impurities and dirt from the surface of the peeled off at the working element 15 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum 3 past fiber material and transported away through the suction pipe 20. The working elements 15 with their separating knives 19 and the suction pipes 20 are fixed in place on the side plates 18 of the card. The side shields 18 are supported on both sides of the drum 3 on a machine stand (not shown). The drum 3, which in figure 2 is shown with its longitudinal axis 4, is installed between a left and a right side plate 18 and has a direction of rotation 17 during operation. The axial length of the drum 3, which is equipped with a drum set and can therefore be used to transport the fiber material, is the working width designated. The working elements 15 opposite a drum surface 23 span the drum 3 over its entire working width. In the embodiment shown, the working elements 15 are provided with a carding strip 21 and a sliding element 22 . It is also possible to dispense with the design of side shields 18 and to support the various stationary elements and the drum 3 in a column construction.

figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a separating element 15. The separating element 15 has a working width A and is formed from a base body 24, which is formed from two parts in the exemplary embodiment shown and is joined together by a clamp. The base body is shaped into a suction channel 25 . A knife element 26 is fastened to the base body 24 below the suction channel 25 . The attachment of the knife element 26 to the base body 24 itself is not shown and can be formed according to the known prior art by a detachable connection, for example screws, clips, or a non-detachable connection, for example welding, gluing. Ejection openings 27 are provided in the knife element 26 and create a connection from the suction channel 25 to a drum surface (not shown) opposite the separating element 15 . The edges of the ejection openings 27 opposing a direction of rotation 17 of the drum are designed as knife blades 28 . Seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, a plurality of knife blades 28 and the ejection openings 27 each assigned to a knife blade 28 are arranged one behind the other. All ejection openings 27 are connected to the suction channel 25, resulting in a variety of knife blades 28 with only one suction channel 25 results. In order to improve the flow from the ejection openings 27 into the suction channel 25, air guide elements 29 are provided. The air guide elements 29 are held in the base body 24 inclined at an angle α relative to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a separating element 14. The separating element 15 is compared to the embodiment according to FIG figure 3 shown with a much greater length C. A suction channel 25 is attached to a base body 24 . The suction channel 25 is attached to the base body 24 at one end of the separating element 15 . The contact surfaces between the base body 24 and the suction channel 25 are provided with a seal 33 . A knife element 26 is attached to the side of the base body 24 opposite the suction channel 25 . The blade element 26 has a shape that is curved in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum to match the opposite drum surface (not shown) in the operating state. In the embodiment shown as an example, the blade element 26 is connected to the base element 24 via a support body 34 . Associated with the blade element 26 is an air guiding element 29 which is arranged over an effective width of the blade element 26 in such a way that a transport space 30 is formed along the blade element 26 viewed in the drum rotation direction 17 . The transport space 30 is connected to the suction channel 25 by the base body 24 . At the end of the working element 15 viewed against the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, the transport space 30 is connected to the environment via an air inlet opening 32 provided in the base body 24 . Due to the arrangement shown, a negative pressure prevailing in the suction channel 25 causes an air flow from the air inlet opening 32 along the blade element 26 in the direction of drum rotation 17 through the transport chamber 30 to the suction channel 25. The trash parts and short fibers separated by the blade element 26 are transported with the air flow into the suction channel 25 led. When processing heavily soiled fiber material, additional compressed air can be introduced into the transport space 30 through an air supply duct 31 . The supply air duct 31 is arranged in such a way that the air flow generated by the negative pressure in the suction duct 25 is amplified or supported in the transport space 30 .

in the in figure 4 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the base body 24 is designed in such a way that the suction channel 25 extends from the figure 4 shown position in a seen in the direction of drum rotation 17 opposite position over the air inlet opening 32 can be moved. The consequence of this is that in the transport space 30 the direction of the air flow is reversed in relation to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a partial view of a separating element 15 in direction X after the figure 4 . The separating element 15 shown has a base body 24 with a length C viewed in a direction of rotation 17 of the drum and a width which exceeds the working width A. Outside the working width A is the area of the separating element 15 which is used to rest the separating element 15 on the side plates (not shown) of the card. In this case, the separating element 15 is positioned via fastenings 37 on the side plates. Within the working width A, knife elements 26 are fastened to the base body 24 . Viewed in the direction of drum rotation 17, two knife elements 26 are arranged one after the other, with a carding strip 21 being provided between the knife elements 26. A plurality of blade elements 26 are also arranged over the working width. The knife elements have several rows 35 of ejection openings 27 . The edges of the ejection openings 27 opposing the direction of rotation 17 of the drum form a multiplicity of knife blades 28. In addition, guide elements 36 are provided over the ejection openings 27 and thus also over the knife blades 28.

In figure 6 an even distribution of the ejection openings 27 is shown in one embodiment of a knife element 26 . The ejection openings 27 with the edges formed into knife blades 28 pointing against the direction of rotation 17 of the drum are each designed with an identical length D, an identical width E and an identical spacing F. In terms of their geometric shape, the ejection openings 27 are designed, for example, as rectangles with rounded ends.

in the in figure 7 shown second embodiment of a knife element 26 are the rectangular ejection openings 27 with the against the drum rotation direction 17 pointing, edges formed into knife blades 28, arranged in rows transverse to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The width E of the ejection openings 27 decreases from row to row in the direction of drum rotation 17, from a maximum width to a minimum width. The length D of all ejection openings 27 and the spacing F of the ejection openings 27 in a row are the same. The spacing of rows following one another in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum steadily decreases from a largest spacing to a smallest spacing in the working direction.

Figure 8 to Figure 11 show sectional views of various embodiments of knife elements 26 at a point X after figure 6 . In figure 8 a knife element 26 with ejection openings 27 with a width E, the edges of which form the knife blades 28, is shown. The ejection openings 27 are designed as through-openings in a metal sheet with a sheet thickness B and are spaced F apart from one another. In order to be able to use the smallest possible sheet metal thickness, the knife element 26 is provided on its outer edge with a frame 38 to increase the dimensional stability. The frame 38 is connected to the sheet metal to form the blade element 26 by means of a fastening, for example a screw connection.

In figure 9 a knife element 26 with ejection openings 27 with a width E, the edges of which form the knife blades 28, is shown. The ejection openings 27 are designed as through-openings in a metal sheet with a sheet thickness B and are spaced F apart from one another. On a side of the knife element 26 facing away from the knife blades 28, the edges of the ejection openings 27 are rounded with a radius. The rounding of the edges of the ejection openings 27 facilitates the removal of the separated trash parts and short fibers and thus prevents blockages.

In figure 10 a knife element 26 with ejection openings 27 with a width E, the edges of which form the knife blades 27, is shown. The ejection openings 27 are designed as through-openings in a metal sheet with a sheet thickness B and are spaced F apart from one another. The blade element 26 is made from sheet metal with a large sheet metal thickness B, with the ejection openings 27 being cut out of the sheet metal. for example by laser cutting or milling. This enables the ejection openings 27 to be arranged obliquely at an angle β as they run through the metal sheet.

In figure 11 a knife element 26 with ejection openings 27 with a width E is shown. The ejection openings 27 are designed as through-openings in a metal sheet with a sheet thickness B and are spaced F apart from one another. In this case, the passage openings are designed as beads, with the outer edges of the beads representing the knife blades 28 . As a result of this production method, the knife blades 28 protrude from the surface of the knife element 26 by an overhang G. This in turn leads to an increase in the rate of excretion.

The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Modifications within the scope of the patent claims are also possible.

Legend

1

fiber flakes

2

licker

3

drum

4

Axis of rotation drum

5

revolving flat unit

6

doffer roller

7

band forming unit

8th

card sliver

9

pre-carding zone

10

post-carding zone

11

undercarding zone

12

carding element

13

Separating element licker-in

14

Separation element pre-carding zone

15

Separation element post-carding zone

16

lickerin roller

17

Direction of rotation of the drum, direction of movement of the drum set

18

side shield

19

elimination knife

20

suction pipe

21

carding strips

22

sliding element

23

drum surface

24

body

25

suction channel

26

knife element

27

ejection port

28

knife blade

29

air deflector

30

transport space

31

supply air duct

32

supply air opening

33

poetry

34

supporting body

35

row of ejection openings

36

guiding elements

37

attachment

38

Frame

A

working width

B

sheet thickness

C

Separation element length

D

Ejection opening length

E

Wide ejection port

f

Distance between ejection openings

G

protruding knife blade

a

tilt angle

β

Angle Ejection Ports

Claims (14)

1. A card for processing fibers, with a drum (3) with a drum circumference, a drum surface (23), and a working width (A), wherein carding elements (12) for parallelizing the fibers and separating elements (13, 14, 15) for separating trash and short fibers are arranged opposite the drum (3), which can be rotated about an axis of rotation (4) in a direction of rotation (17), wherein the separating elements (13, 14, 15) are provided with an extraction duct (25), wherein the drum circumference is divided into a pre-carding zone (9), a main carding zone (5), a post-carding zone (10), and a sub-carding zone (11), and wherein the carding elements (12) and the separating elements (13, 14, 15) span over the entire working width (A), characterized in that, in the post-carding zone (10), the pre-carding zone (9), or the sub-carding zone (11), at least one separating element (13, 14, 15) with a base body (24), an extraction duct (25), and a blade element (26) is provided, with the blade element (26) having a plurality of discharge openings (27) and knife blades (28) that are associated with the discharge openings (27), and with at least one air-guiding element (29) being arranged between the extraction duct (25) and the blade element (26).
2. The card as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the air-guiding elements (29) are arranged so as to be inclined counter to the blade element (26) with an angle of inclination (α) as viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3).
3. The card as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the air-guiding element (29) is arranged parallel to the blade element (26) at least in the region of the discharge openings (27), and a transport space (30) is formed between the blade element (28) and the air-guiding element (29), the transport space (30) being connected to the suction channel (25).
4. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating element (13, 14, 15) has a length (C) of from 50 mm to 400 mm in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3) and that the side of the separating element (13, 14, 15) situated opposite the drum surface (23) is concentric with the drum surface (23).
5. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one supply air duct (31) is provided in the base body (24), the supply air duct (31) opening into the transport space (30) between the blade element (26) and the air-guiding element (29).
6. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade element (26) is formed from a metal sheet with a metal gauge (8) of from 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm, the discharge openings (27) being cut out of the metal sheet and the knife blades (28) being formed by edges of the discharge openings (27).
7. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge openings (27) of the knife element (26) have a length (D) of from 5 mm to 200 mm and a width (E) of from 2 mm to 15 mm, and if each has a spacing (F) of from 0.1 mm to 20.0 mm.
8. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two guide elements (33) are provided on the blade element (26), the guide elements (33) being arranged on a side facing toward the drum surface (23).
9. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade element (26) is releasably attached to the base body (24).
10. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade element (26) is composed of a plurality of sub-elements, the sub-elements being individually fastened to the base body (24).
11. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two knife elements (26) are arranged next to one another on the base body (24) of the separating element (13, 14, 15) as viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3), the blade elements (26) having the same or different characteristics as the discharge openings (27).
12. The card as set forth in claim 12, characterized in that an associated extraction duct (25) is provided for each blade element (26).
13. The card as set forth in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, when viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3), a carding strip (21) or a sliding element (22) is fastened to the base body (24) between the blade elements (26).
14. The card as set forth in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a supply-air opening (32) leading across the working width (A) is provided before or after the separating element (13, 14, 15), which allows for an air exchange between the drum (3) and the ambient air.

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