CN111719203B

CN111719203B - Carding machine

Info

Publication number: CN111719203B
Application number: CN202010191598.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: L.维西克; M.迈尔
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Current assignee: Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Priority date: 2019-03-19
Filing date: 2020-03-18
Publication date: 2023-04-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-18
Also published as: EP3712306B1; EP3712306A1; CN111719203A; CH715975A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a carding machine for processing fibres, having a cylinder (3) with a cylinder circumference, a cylinder surface (23) and a working width (A). Carding element (12) and separating element (13, 14, 15) for parallelizing the fibers are arranged opposite a drum surface (23) of a drum (3) which can be rotated about a rotation axis (4) in a rotation direction (17) for separating dirt fragments and short fibers. The separating elements (13, 14, 15) are provided with suction ducts (25), the circumference of the drum being divided into a pre-carding zone (9), a main carding zone (5), a post-carding zone (10) and a sub-carding zone (11). The carding element (12) and the separating element (13, 14, 15) span the entire working width (A). At least one separating element (13, 14, 15) having a base body (24), a suction line (25) and a blade element (26) is arranged in the post-carding area (10), the pre-carding area (9) or the sub-carding area (11). The blade element (26) has a plurality of outlet openings (27) and blades (28) associated with the outlet openings (27), at least one air guide element (29) being provided between the suction channel (25) and the blade element (26).

Description

Carding machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a carding machine for processing fibers, comprising a cylinder with a working width, a carding element arranged opposite the cylinder for parallelizing the fibers, and a separating element for separating dirt fragments and short fibers by means of a suction duct. The circumference of the drum is divided into a pre-carding area, a main carding area, a post-carding area and a sub-carding area, wherein the carding element and the separating element span the entire working width.

Background

In the spinning preparation system, a carding machine is used which contains various working elements for cleaning, sorting, opening, carding, etc. the fibrous material to be treated. Various types of fibers are treated, including cotton fibers or chemical fibers or mixtures thereof. The working element with the blade element (so-called separating blade) serves to separate short fibers and dirt pieces. The dirt pieces or short fibers are separated from the rotating drum by the separating blade, by means of which the fibrous material is conveyed past the separating blade. For this purpose, an opening is provided in the working element in front of the separating blade against the surface of the rotating drum and the fibre material conveyed thereon, which opening serves as a discharge opening for the components separated from the fibre material by the separating blade. After the components that have been separated by the separating blade have passed through the discharge opening, they are fed to the suction duct and are sent away. During the preparation of spinning, various types of separating blades are used in carding machines.

Working elements of this type are known in various designs. For example, document CH639434A5 describes a trash remover having blades radially spaced from the drum of the carding machine and serving as blade elements, and collecting rails also radially spaced. Leaving a gap between the capture rail and the blade. The space defined by the blade and the capture rail is covered and forms a vacuum suction chamber.

Document DE3902204A1 discloses another cleaning element with a separating blade. Here, the discharge distance is determined by the distance between the blade and the upstream element. Dirt discharged through the discharge opening by means of the blade is guided along the blade to the suction duct. The guide element is attached to the rear of the upstream element pivotable into the discharge opening and thereby changes the size of the discharge opening and the separation behaviour of the cleaning element.

European patent application EP0388791A1 also discloses a device for separating dirt by means of a blade, a carding element being arranged upstream of the blade and a guiding element being arranged downstream of the blade.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the construction of the working elements takes up a large part of the available peripheral surface of the cylinder opposite them, with an upstream guide surface and a downstream carding surface for separating dirt and staple fibers. The use of a separating blade or blades requires a lot of space due to the required size of the suction tube. Thus, there may be only a limited number of separation points on the usable circumference of the drum. This means that a correspondingly large discharge opening or a large distance between the element in front of the blade and the surface of the opposite drum has to be provided in front of the separating blade or blade in order to achieve the desired separation rate. The large distance between the elements in front of the blade and the surface of the oppositely disposed drum in combination with the large discharge opening allows the blade to penetrate deeper into the fibrous material. But this increases the risk of increased removal of the spinnable fibers. Spinnable fibers are fibers that are present in the fiber material, which, due to their length, should not be removed but rather should be fed for further processing. Thus, the working element for separating dirt and short fibers preferably does not remove any spinnable fibers from the fibrous material.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is now to provide a carding machine of the type mentioned at the beginning which does not have the drawbacks of the known prior art and which is capable of increasing the number of separation points on the circumference of the cylinder. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to achieve a flexible design of the discharge distance and an improved separation of dirt and short fibers while reducing the separation of spinnable fibers.

This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing portion of the independent claim. In order to achieve this object, a novel carding machine for processing fibers is proposed, which has a drum with a drum circumference, a drum surface and a working width, a carding element for parallelizing the fibers and a separating element for separating dirt and short fibers being arranged opposite the drum, which drum is rotatable about a rotation axis in a rotation direction and which separating element is provided with suction ducts. The circumference of the roller is divided into a pre-carding area, a main carding area, a post-carding area and a sub-carding area. The comb element and the separating element span the entire working width. In the post-carding, pre-carding or sub-carding zone, at least one separating element is provided, which has a base body, a suction duct and a blade element, wherein the blade element has a plurality of discharge openings and blades associated with the discharge openings, and wherein at least one air guiding element is arranged between the suction duct and the blade element. By providing a large number of blades in the blade element and thus in the separating element, it is possible to provide a plurality of discharge openings in a narrow space and thus also a plurality of blades serving as knives. This also means that a suction catheter need not be associated with each discharge opening. The discharge openings of all blades of the blade element may be associated with a single common suction duct, which further saves space. The large number of blades also enables gentle stripping of dirt particles from the nonwoven fibers passing under the blades, thereby enabling separation of the spinnable fibers to be avoided. The combination of a large number of blades in the blade element enables a wide variety of arrangements, shapes and sizes of individual blades. By the proposed design of the separating element, the number of separating points in the different carding zones or on the licker-in is increased several times.

At least one air guiding element is arranged in the base body between the suction catheter and the blade element. The fact that a large number of successive blades and discharge openings are provided results in air turbulence, which is caused by the movement of the suction catheter and the fibrous material. In order to minimize the influence of the outlet openings or suction points which are arranged one after the other and are connected by a common suction duct, it is advantageous if the air flowing to the suction duct is guided or guided by an air guiding element.

In a first embodiment, the air guiding element is advantageously arranged so as to be inclined inversely with respect to the blade element by an inclination angle α, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The inclination of the air guiding element is adapted to the design of the suction conduit, the inclination angle α preferably being 10 to 50 degrees. An air guiding element is associated with each or every other discharge opening. This structure is preferably used when the aspiration catheter is directly connected to the blade element. In an alternative embodiment, the air guiding element is arranged parallel to the blade element at least in the region of the discharge opening and a conveying space is formed between the blade element and the air guiding element, which conveying space is connected to the suction channel. As a result, a narrow conveying space is formed between the blade element and the suction duct, which conveying space is preferably introduced into the suction duct at the end of the blade element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum.

On the side of the blade element opposite the suction duct, a passive air supply is preferably produced in this conveying space between the air guiding element and the blade element, whereby an air flow is produced above the blade element in the direction of the suction duct. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one air supply line is provided in the base body, which air supply line opens into the conveying space between the blade element and the flow guiding element. The air supply conduit enables a controlled, active air supply to the conveying space, for example by using compressed air. An active air supply into the conveying space is particularly advantageous if the working element is designed with a large length in the direction of rotation of the drum. The active air supply also provides the option of cleaning the transport space with compressed air pulses.

The length of the separating element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, is preferably 50mm to 400mm, and the side of the separating element opposite the drum surface is concentric with the drum. The length of the blade elements is structurally adapted to their intended use. The width of the blade element adapted to the working width enables the blade element to be introduced into a separate element in the module. The use of different blade elements enables various designs of blade elements to be provided during a stroke of working width. By using a longer separating element, a plurality of blades can be arranged over a short distance in a space-saving manner, since only a single suction duct needs to be provided for the entire separating element, irrespective of the number of blades. If the separating element has a large length, it spans a longer sector of the drum surface, whereby it is necessary to mould the separating element against the drum surface such that all blades are spaced apart from the drum surface by a suitably short distance.

The blade element is advantageously formed from a metal plate of metal gauge 0.05mm to 2.0mm, particularly preferably 0.1mm to 0.8 mm, the discharge opening being cut out of the metal plate, and the blade being formed by the edge of the discharge opening. The slits and thus also the discharge opening and the blade can be manufactured by stamping processes known in the art. The shorter the length or width of the blade element is chosen, the smaller the plate thickness can be chosen, which is advantageous in terms of the production engineering performed on the edges of the discharge opening in order to form individual blades. The cut forming the discharge opening may be provided as a simple punched opening or provided with a radius of 0.1mm to 2.0mm on the side opposite the blade. Rounding the edge from the stamping process on the side of the blade element facing away from the drum surface results in separated chips being advantageously removed into the discharge duct. It is also conceivable that the discharge opening is embodied as a so-called "bead". One edge of the discharge opening is slightly bent out of the plane of the plate and forms a blade. The individual blades protrude from the plane of the discharge opening by 0.1mm to 2.0mm, particularly preferably by 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, and the effect of the previously used individual blades into the fibrous material is produced.

However, for smaller blade elements it is also conceivable to machine the blade element from thicker sheet metal up to 40 mm. By machining the discharge opening, the discharge opening can be arranged obliquely at an angle β of 10 to 80 degrees, particularly preferably 30 to 70 degrees, relative to the plate surface. Due to the small plate thickness, blade elements covering a larger part of the circumference of the drum can be designed, since the blade elements can be molded into the shape of the drum surface. It has been found that a plate thickness of 0.3 mm results in good ductility with sufficient stability. In the case of small plate thicknesses, or for assembly engineering reasons, it is advantageous if the blade element comprises a frame into which the metal plate is inserted. The frame may be provided with means required for attaching the blade element or with through holes required for bolting. Also, in the case where a seal is required between the blade element and the base, the blade element preferably has a frame. With this structure, even for high loads, a small plate thickness for the blade element can be selected.

The discharge openings are preferably distributed regularly over the working width and arranged in rows. The rows of discharge openings are arranged in succession in the blade element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The regular arrangement of the discharge openings and thus of the blades results in a uniform effect of the separation over the working width and is also advantageous from the point of view of production engineering. It is also advantageous if the outlet openings of the blade element have a length of 5mm to 200mm and a width of 2mm to 15mm, and each outlet opening has a pitch of 0.1mm to 20.0 mm. Preferably, the discharge opening has an aspect ratio of less than 20 to 1, the width of the discharge opening being viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum. In order for the edge formed by the discharge opening and serving as a blade to have an effect corresponding to the separating blade, the long edge of the discharge opening extends in the direction of the working width. It has been found that square discharge openings with corresponding edge lengths still meet the requirements. The close arrangement of the large discharge openings affects the stability of the blade element and may have to be compensated for by selecting the dimensions of the blade element or increasing the metal gauge. The discharge opening can be designed in various geometric shapes, preferably rectangular or end-rounded. This also results in a correspondingly long blade with respect to the length of the discharge opening. However, trapezoidal or triangular discharge openings are also conceivable.

A wide variety of variants are possible for the arrangement of the discharge openings and thus the arrangement of the blades within the blade element. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the continuous outlet opening decreases gradually in the working direction. As a result, the discharge opening becomes narrower in the working direction. This results in less separation when viewed in the working direction and improved fibre guidance. It has been found that with decreasing discharge opening width a good compromise is achieved between fibre guiding and separation, with a maximum width of 2mm to 20 mm, preferably 3 mm to 10 mm, and a minimum width of 0.1mm to 12 mm, preferably 2.0mm to 5.0 mm. Another variant consists in that the discharge openings, which are arranged one after the other as seen in the working direction, have an offset in the working width direction. This ensures that there are no areas without blades over the working width. Various modifications may also be combined; for example, the first discharge opening may be arranged without offset, after which an offset and narrowing discharge opening is provided.

Advantageously, at least two guide elements are provided on the blade element in the working direction, which guide elements are arranged on the side facing the drum surface. When the blade element is used in a carding machine, the guide element prevents the blade element from being too close to the opposite drum surface. The guiding element consists of a narrow strip of metal plate attached to the blade element by welding, soldering or gluing. The guiding element is only a few tenths of a millimeter high in order not to interfere with the separation process. The guide element can be arranged linearly, obliquely, angularly, curvedly or offset over its travel in the working direction. The guide element may be made of the same material as the blade element or of plastic. Alternatively, the function of the guiding element may be achieved by appropriately pressing the blade element. In this case, raised areas, for example in the form of projections, are formed in the blade element between the discharge openings by means of an embossing process, which prevents the blade element from being too close to the opposite drum surface when it is used in the machine.

The blade element is preferably releasably attached to the base body. The structure of the separating element with the detachable blade element connected thereto has the effect that the blade adjustment can be performed by simply changing the blade element, thus enabling a lengthy adjustment of the blade known in the prior art to be dispensed with. The blade element may be attached to the base body by using a support body to facilitate assembly and disassembly. Due to the novel structure according to the invention, the same principle can also be applied to the variation of the discharge distance. This can be achieved by simply changing the blade element if a larger or smaller discharge distance is set due to variations in the product to be treated, or if the separating element is limited to a small number of blades. Nor is it necessary to preset the separating element by precisely measuring the position of the blade relative to the supporting point of the separating element over the entire working width. Since blade elements are used which are not height-adjustable with respect to the support points of the separating elements, it is only possible to set the distance between the blade and the drum surface by adjusting the separating elements in the support points.

The blade element preferably consists of a plurality of sub-elements which are individually fastened to the base body. This has the advantage that only the affected elements caused by wear and tear need to be replaced.

It is also advantageous if two blade elements are arranged adjacent to each other on the base body of the separating element as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, the blade elements having the same or different characteristics as the discharge opening. This design enables the length of the separating element to be increased in the direction of rotation of the drum without increasing the length of the individual blade elements. An associated suction channel is preferably provided for each blade element.

The comb element or the slide element is advantageously fastened to the base body between the blade elements, as seen in the direction of rotation of the cylinder. This arrangement of the different elements corresponds to the current arrangement of cutting, carding and sliding elements in common high performance cards, but has the advantage that a larger number of blades can be used and the whole element can be preassembled outside the card.

Advantageously, an air supply opening extending across the working width is provided before or after the separating element, which allows air exchange between the drum and the ambient air. It has been found that this air exchange can calm the flow conditions on the drum surface when long separating elements are used.

Drawings

The invention will be explained below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and illustrated by means of the accompanying drawings. In the drawings of which there are shown,

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional carding machine according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the post carding area according to FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a separating element according to the invention;

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a separating element;

fig. 5 shows a schematic view X of the separating element according to fig. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a blade element;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a blade element; and

fig. 8 to 11 show cross-sectional views of various embodiments of the blade element at point Y according to fig. 6.

Detailed Description

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a rotary flat card of the type known per se. The fibre bundle 1 to be carded may consist of natural fibres or chemical fibres or a mixture thereof, which is filled into a hopper (not shown) in the form of cleaned and split fibre bundles. Accordingly, the fiber bundle is taken from the hopper by the licker-in 2 and fed to the drum 3. The fiber bundles are split, parallelized and cleaned on the drum 3. By means of the upstream arrangement of the multi spike roller 2, a partial splitting and cleaning of the fibre bundle 1 has been performed by means of the spike roller. These processes take place by the interaction of the cylinder 3 and the licker-in 2 with the various stationary working

elements

12, 13, 14, 15 and the revolving flat card unit 5. The fixed working

elements

12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on the circumference of the cylinder in four main areas: a pre-carding zone 9, a post-carding zone 10, and a sub-carding zone 11. The main carding area is formed by a revolving flat card unit 5. The cylinder 3 is provided with clothing on its surface and rotates in a direction of rotation 17 about its axis of rotation 4 from the licker-in 2 through the main carding area to the doffing cylinder 6. By treating the fibres between the clothing of the cylinder 3 and the fixed or moving working

elements

5, 12, 13, 14, 15 arranged opposite the cylinder clothing, the fibres on the cylinder 3 form a nonwoven which is removed from the doffing cylinder 6 and then formed in an inherently known manner into carded slivers 8 in a sliver forming unit 7 comprising various cylinders. The stationary working elements in the

different carding zones

9, 10, 11 are, for example, carding elements 12, working

elements

13, 14, 15 with separating blades, or guiding or covering elements.

The working

elements

13, 14, 15 with the knives are used for separating dirt, impurities and short fibers. Working

elements

13, 14, 15 with separating blades are used in the pre-carding zone 9, the post-carding zone 10, the sub-carding zone 11 and also in the licker-in 2. By means of the separating blade, dirt pieces, impurities and short fibers are separated from the fleece by the surface of the drum 3 and are carried away by the surface of the licker-in 15.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the post carding area according to FIG. 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown, three working elements 15 are shown in the design, with separating blades 18 and suction pipes 19. The separating blade 19 removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the fibrous material guided past the working element 15 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum 3, which impurities and dirt are carried away by the suction tube 20. The working elements 15 are fixed in position on the side plates 18 of the card by means of their separating blades 19 and suction tubes 20. The side plates 18 are supported on a frame (not shown) on both sides of the drum 3. The drum 3, shown in fig. 2 as having its longitudinal axis 4, is mounted between the left and right side plates 18 and has a direction of rotation 17 during operation. The axial length of the cylinder 3 equipped with the cylinder clothing and thus available for transporting the fibre material is called the working width. The working element 15, which is arranged opposite the drum surface 23, spans the drum 3 over its entire working width. In the embodiment shown, the working element 15 is provided with a carding bar 21 and a sliding element 22. The embodiment of the side plates 18 can also be omitted and a vertical structure can be used to support the various fixing elements and the drum 3.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a separating element 15. The separating element 15 has a working width a and is formed by a base body 24, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is formed of two parts and is connected together by means of a clamp. The matrix is shaped into the aspiration catheter 25. The blade element 26 is fastened to the base body 24 below the suction conduit 25. The attachment of the blade element 26 to the base 24 itself is not shown and, in keeping with the known prior art, may be made by releasable connections (e.g. screws or clips) or by non-releasable connections (e.g. by welding or gluing). A discharge opening 27 is provided in the blade element 26, which forms a connection from the suction duct 25 to the surface of the drum (not shown) which is arranged opposite the separating element 15. The edge of the discharge opening 27 located opposite the direction of rotation 17 of the drum is embodied as a blade 28. The plurality of blades 28 and the discharge openings 27 each associated with a blade 28 are arranged one after the other as seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. All the discharge openings 27 are connected to the suction duct 25, resulting in a large number of blades 28 with only one suction duct 25. In order to improve the flow from the outlet opening 27 into the suction duct 25, an air guiding element 29 is provided. The air guiding element 29 is held in the base 24 at an angle α so as to be inclined opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the separating element 14 in a schematic illustration. The separating element 15 is shown with a substantially greater length C than in the embodiment according to fig. 3. Aspiration conduit 25 is attached to base 24. The suction conduit 25 is fastened to the base 24 at one end of the separating element 15. The contact surface between the base body 24 and the suction conduit 25 is provided with a seal 33. A blade element 26 is attached to the opposite side of the base 24 from the aspiration conduit 25. The blade element 26 has a shape curved in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, adapted to the surface of the drum which is oppositely positioned in the operating state. In the embodiment shown by way of example, the blade element 26 is connected to the base element 24 by a support 34. Associated with the blade element 26 is an air guiding element 29 which is arranged over the effective width of the blade element 26 such that a conveying space 30 is formed along the blade element 26 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The delivery space 30 is connected to the suction line 25 via the base body 24. At the end of the working element 15, which is viewed opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, the conveying space 30 is connected to the surroundings via a gas supply opening 32 provided in the base body 24. Due to the arrangement shown, the negative pressure prevailing in the suction duct 25 causes air to flow from the air supply opening 32 through the conveying space 30 to the suction duct 25 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum along the blade element 26. Dirt pieces and short fibers separated by the blade element 26 are guided with the air flow into the suction duct 25. When treating heavily contaminated fibrous material, compressed air may additionally be introduced into the conveying space 30 through the air supply conduit 31. The air supply duct 31 is arranged such that the air flow generated in the conveying space 30 by the negative pressure in the suction duct 25 is increased or supported.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 4, the base body 24 is designed such that the suction conduit 25 can be moved from the position shown in fig. 4 to a relative position above the air supply opening 32, as seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. As a result, the direction of the air flow in the conveying space 30 is reversed with respect to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a partial view of the separating element 15 in the X direction according to fig. 4. The shown separating element 15 has a base body 24 having a length C seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum and a width extending beyond the working width a. The area of the separating element 15 for supporting the separating element 15 on the side plates (not shown) of the carding machine is located outside the working width a. The separating element 15 is positioned on the side plate by fastening means 37. The blade element 26 is fastened to the base body 24 within the working width a. When viewed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, two blade elements 26 are arranged consecutively, wherein the carding bar 21 is arranged between the blade elements 26. A plurality of blade elements 26 are also arranged across the working width. The blade element has rows 35 of discharge openings 27. The edges of the discharge opening 27, which are located opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, form a plurality of blades 28. Furthermore, the guide element 36 is arranged above the discharge opening 27 and thus also above the blade 28.

Fig. 6 shows an even distribution of the discharge openings 27 in an embodiment of the blade element 26. The discharge openings 27 have edges positioned in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum and formed as blades 28, which all have the same length D, the same width E and the same spacing F. For the sake of example, the discharge opening 27 is embodied in its geometry as a rectangle with rounded ends.

In a second embodiment of the blade element 26 shown in fig. 7, the rectangular discharge openings 27, which are arranged in rows transverse to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, have edges directed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum and formed as blades 28. The width E of the discharge opening 27 decreases from the maximum width to the minimum width row by row in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The length D of all discharge openings 27 in a row and the spacing F of the discharge openings 27 are the same. The distance between the rows following each other in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum decreases continuously in the working direction from the maximum distance to the minimum distance.

Fig. 8 to 11 show cross-sectional views of various embodiments of the blade element 26 at point X according to fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edges of which form a blade 28. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through-openings in a metal plate having a metal gauge B, which openings have a distance F from one another. In order to be able to use the smallest possible metal gauge, the blade element 26 is provided with a frame 38 on its outer edge in order to enhance its dimensional stability. The frame 38 is connected to the plate by fastening means, such as screw connections, to form the blade element 26.

Fig. 9 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edges of which form a blade 28. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal gauge B, which openings have a distance F from one another. On the side of the blade element 26 facing away from the blade 28, the edge of the discharge opening 27 is rounded with a radius. The rounding of the edges of the discharge opening 27 facilitates the removal of separated dirt pieces and short fibers and thus prevents clogging.

Fig. 10 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edges of which form the blade 27. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal gauge B, which openings have a distance F from one another. The blade element 26 is made of sheet metal with a large metal gauge B, from which the discharge opening 27 is cut, for example by laser cutting or milling. This enables the discharge opening 27 to be arranged obliquely at an angle β in its way through the metal plate.

Fig. 11 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal gauge B, which openings have a distance F from one another. In this case, the through opening is embodied as a bead, wherein the outer edge of the bead forms the blade 28. As a result of this manufacturing method, the blade 28 protrudes from the surface of the blade element 26 by a protruding length G. This in turn results in an increase in the separation rate.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments which have been illustrated and described. Modifications are also possible within the scope of the claims, and combinations of features are also possible, even if they are shown and described in different exemplary embodiments.

List of reference numerals

1 fiber bundle

2 licker-in

3 roller

4 rotation axis of the roller

5-turn cover plate carding unit

6 doffing cylinder

7 sliver forming unit

8 carding cotton sliver

9 Pre-carding zone

Post 10 carding area

11 carding area

12 carding element

13 licker-in separating element

14 Pre-carding zone separation element

15 post carding area separating element

16 licker-in cylinder

17 direction of rotation of the cylinder, direction of movement of the cylinder clothing

18 side plate

19 separating blade

20 suction pipe fitting

21 carding strip

22 sliding element

23 roller surface

24 matrix

25 suction catheter

26 blade element

27 discharge opening

28 blade

29 air guiding element

30 conveying space

31 air supply conduit

32 air supply opening

33 seal

34 support body

35 discharge opening row

36 guide element

37 fastening device

38 frame

Working width A

B metal specification

Length of separation element C

D length of discharge opening

Width of E discharge opening

F distance between the discharge openings

Projection length of G blade

Alpha inclination angle

Angle of the beta discharge opening.

Claims

1. Carding machine for processing fibers, having a drum (3) with a drum circumference, a drum surface (23) and a working width (A), wherein carding elements (12) for parallelizing fibers and separating elements (13, 14, 15) for separating dirt and short fibers are arranged opposite the drum (3), which drum is rotatable about a rotational axis (4) in a rotational direction (17), wherein the separating elements (13, 14, 15) are provided with suction ducts (25), wherein the drum circumference is divided into a pre-carding zone (9), a main carding zone, a post-carding zone (10) and a sub-carding zone (11), and wherein the carding elements (12) and separating elements (13, 14, 15) span the entire working width (A), characterized in that in the post-carding zone (10), the pre-carding zone (9) or the sub-carding zone (11) at least one separating element (13, 14, 15) is provided with a base body (24), a suction duct (25) and a blade (26), the blade element (26) has a plurality of openings (27) associated with a plurality of blade openings (27), and at least one air guiding element (29) is arranged between the suction duct (25) and the blade element (26).

2. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the air guiding element (29) is arranged to tilt opposite to the blade element (26) by an inclination angle (α) when seen in the direction of rotation (17) of the cylinder (3).

3. Carding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the air guiding element (29) is arranged parallel to the blade element (26) at least in the area of the discharge opening (27), and that a conveying space (30) is formed between the blade element (26) and the air guiding element (29), which conveying space (30) is connected to the suction duct (25).

4. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating element (13, 14, 15) has a length (C) of 50mm to 400mm in the direction of rotation (17) of the cylinder (3), and in that the side of the separating element (13, 14, 15) located opposite the cylinder surface (23) is concentric with the cylinder surface (23).

5. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one air supply duct (31) is provided in the base body (24), which air supply duct (31) opens into the conveying space (30) between the blade element (26) and the air guiding element (29).

6. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the blade element (26) is formed by a metal plate of metal gauge (B) of 0.05mm to 2.0mm, from which the discharge opening (27) is cut out, and a blade (28) is formed by the edge of the discharge opening (27).

7. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge openings (27) are regularly distributed and arranged in rows (35) over the working width (a), the discharge openings (27) of a plurality of rows (35) being provided consecutively in the blade element (26) when seen in the direction of rotation (17) of the cylinder (3).

8. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge openings (27) of the blade elements (26) have a length (D) of 5 to 200mm and a width (E) of 2 to 15mm, and each discharge opening has a pitch (F) of 0.1 to 20.0 mm.

9. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two guide elements (36) are provided on the blade element (26), the guide elements (36) being arranged on the side facing the drum surface (23).

10. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the blade element (26) is releasably attached to the base body (24).

11. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the blade element (26) consists of a plurality of sub-elements, which are individually fastened to the base body (24).

12. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two blade elements (26) are arranged adjacent to each other on the base body (24) of the separating element (13, 14, 15) when seen in the direction of rotation (17) of the cylinder (3), the blade elements (26) having the same or different characteristics as the discharge opening (27).

13. Carding machine according to claim 12, characterized in that for each blade element (26) a respective suction duct (25) is provided.

14. Carding machine according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that carding strips (21) or sliding elements (22) are fastened to the base body (24) between the blade elements (26) when viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the cylinder (3).

15. Carding machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a gas supply opening (32) extending across the working width (a) is provided before or after the separating element (13, 14, 15), which allows air exchange between the cylinder (3) and ambient air.