EP3681979A1 - Koksofenvorrichtung mit exzentrischen einlässen zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung - Google Patents
Koksofenvorrichtung mit exzentrischen einlässen zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3681979A1 EP3681979A1 EP18769665.3A EP18769665A EP3681979A1 EP 3681979 A1 EP3681979 A1 EP 3681979A1 EP 18769665 A EP18769665 A EP 18769665A EP 3681979 A1 EP3681979 A1 EP 3681979A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- gas
- coke oven
- exhaust gas
- passages
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 434
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 317
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 98
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
- C10B21/20—Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
- C10B21/10—Regulating and controlling the combustion
- C10B21/18—Recirculating the flue gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B21/00—Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases
- C10B21/20—Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type
- C10B21/22—Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B5/00—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers
- C10B5/02—Coke ovens with horizontal chambers with vertical heating flues
Definitions
- Coke oven apparatus having eccentric inlets for producing coke, and methods of operating the coke oven apparatus, and controller and use
- Nitrogen oxides are released in particular by the flue gas generated by Koksofengasverbrennung or formed during combustion, in particular from a nozzle stone temperature (in the exhaust-carrying heating channel on the ground) of about 1,250 ° C (so-called thermal NOx formation).
- thermal NOx formation is favored or fanned exponentially with higher temperature, so that the emission of nitrogen oxides is strongly determined by the thermal conditions in the coke oven.
- the temperature should be kept as constant as possible over the altitude, because only then should it be possible to set an efficient operating condition without too much increase in NOx emissions.
- the temperature gradient should be as much as possible smaller than 40K or 40 ° C, in particular at a temperature in the furnace chamber in the range of 1,000 to 1,100 ° C. A temperature maximum well above the average temperature would promote thermal NO x formation.
- a coke oven can be operated at an optimum compromise of high output and low NOx emissions if the temperature remains homogeneously just below the temperature at which thermal NOx formation occurs.
- a Kreisstrom Installation (partially at one end of the heating channel or in full circle) is usually realized in so-called twin heating trains.
- Such arranged in pairs and aligned in the vertical direction heating channels or twin heating trains thus allow for relatively little effort influencing the temperature profile, especially for specific adjustment of the circulation of flue gas.
- the pairwise heating channels are connected to one another in the upper region via a free opening cross-section, that is to say a passage through which the heating channels are fluidically coupled to one another.
- a partial volume flow of the flue gas, which is normally conducted back into the flamed heating channel is, for example, 30 to 45% of the total flue gas volume produced in the upward-flowing heating channel in the case of strong gas heating.
- combustion can also be graded by passing gas or air via at least one stepped air channel in at least one height position above the burner level (bottom) into the respective heating cable, or by discharging corresponding exhaust gas.
- the staged combustion can be combined with the circular current flow.
- the measures are considered directly on the coke oven, so measures for thermal optimization, in particular by an optimized way of media management, the structural design of the coke oven and, consequently, the stability of the coke oven is of great relevance, in particular the structural design of the individual walls a respective furnace chamber and the respective Schuuches (rotor walls, partitions).
- Small measures on the design structure can have great effects on the temperature balance and the coking process.
- any measure also has, where appropriate, very disadvantageous side effects to be avoided, for example, on the statics of the heating walls, on the flow resistance, or the finally adjusting flow velocities and temperature profiles. It is therefore to be expected that changes to the construction described in more detail below can only be carried out within a narrow tolerance range.
- the equilibrium of the gas mixture is thereby disturbed: In particular, only an insufficient amount of air is available for additional gas quantities to be burned in the heating channel. Also lead different filling times, for example, each offset by 12 hours, in the adjacent furnace chambers to different lateral forces in the respective walls.
- the stability of the furnace is therefore a high priority also for measures to reduce emissions. High stability is usually achieved by a tongue and groove arrangement of the stones. This construction is also preferred in view of tightness to avoid bypass flows and pre-combustion.
- the furnace chambers are delimited by rotor walls against gas-carrying heating channels, in particular on a relatively narrow end face of the respective channel, in particular by two along the entire respective furnace chamber extending opposite rotor walls.
- the individual heating channels are thereby partitioned off from one another by so-called binder walls (partitions), which extend in particular orthogonally to the two rotor walls between the rotor walls, in particular on the relatively wider side of the furnace chambers.
- binder walls partitions
- Three binder walls separate two channels from each other or a twin heating cable from another twin heating cable.
- a respective heating channel is thus delimited by two rotor wall sections and by two binder walls.
- a respective heating channel is about 450 to 550mm long or deep (middle to middle).
- a rotor wall thickness is in this case e.g. in the range of 80 to 120mm.
- a binder wall thickness is e.g. in the range of 120 to 150mm.
- partition wall in particular to clarify that a rotor wall and a binder wall / partition can be made in the same construction, namely by each on the narrow side of each other lined up stones.
- the "rotor wall” of a horizontal chamber furnace can also be described as a longitudinal wall arranged longitudinally in the ejection direction, and the "binder wall” can also be described as a transverse (separating) wall arranged transversely to the direction of ejection.
- combustion air openings and mixed gas openings are provided, the function of which can be selected or adjusted depending on the type of heating (mixed gas or Kokosofengasbeehrung).
- a Koksofengasö réelle in the heating channel.
- a pair of heating channels are coupled to one another via exhaust gas recirculation openings arranged on the underside of the furnace chambers, so that a twin heating cable with a circular flow guide is formed.
- the volumetric flow through the exhaust gas recirculation openings can optionally be regulated, in particular by means of an adjusting roller arranged on the bottom in the burner plane and displaceable there.
- a bypass flow in the manner of a heating differential can be formed to adjust coking parameters.
- the bypass flow can be sealed off from the heating cables via a particularly horizontal wall or ceiling, in which ceiling passages are provided which can be covered, for example, by means of slide blocks or adjusted with respect to the cross section.
- the publication CN 107033926 A of August 2017 describes an arrangement with twin heating systems with stepped introduction of combustion air and with circular flow openings, which are arranged on both sides laterally from the stepped air duct.
- patent application DE 40 06 217 A1 may be mentioned, in which the combination of several measures comprising both measures on regenerators in the central structure of the furnace as well as measures for external flue gas circuit is described, with the aim of homogeneous heating conditions and low NOx emission even at high furnace chambers.
- Publication GB 821 496 A discloses an arrangement for coke oven gas inlets in an elevated height position above the floor of a respective twin heater.
- Last but not least, chemical, reactive, and chemical measures are also included.
- the introduction of CH4 gas or increasing the humidity by injecting water has been considered.
- the injection of water or steam is not possible at any point in the chamber, but in particular only centrally at an average height position and has adverse effects on the used (silicate) materials.
- An increase in the regenerative preheating temperature of gas and air is a measure that is now considered exhausted and uneconomical.
- a coke oven device for producing coke by coking coal or coal mixtures
- the coke oven device is adapted for minimized NOx emission by internal thermal energy or temperature compensation means of coke own gases or gas streams by primary measures internally to the coke oven device , with a plurality of twin Thompsonman each with a flamed with gas or combustion air (and therefore flowed upward) heating channel and an exhaust gas flowing downwardly flowing heating channel, which heating channels in pairs separated by a partition or binder wall from each other and by two opposing rotor walls of a respective Oven chamber of the coke oven device are sealed off, wherein the paired heating channels, in particular both at the upper and at the lower end, fluidly by means of an upper coupling passage and optionally au in each case at least one inlet from the following group is provided in the lower area at the bottom of the respective twin heating cable: coke oven gas inlet for introducing coke oven gas into the heating channel, combustion air Inlet, mixed gas inlet; wherein at least one of the inlets is arranged more eccentrically
- the heat distribution in the heating channel can be optimized, in particular uniform, in particular independent of a stepped introduction of stepped gas, and in particular independent of a recirculation in the down flowed through heating duct.
- the respective coke oven gas inlet can be arranged in terms of flow technology and heat energy with respect to at least one passage or further inlet. Effect: Influence on the heat distribution and gas mixing, in particular in the floor area by means of internal gas flows, ie by means of internal fluidic measures. External measures are not required.
- the internal measures can be purely passive measures, in particular purely constructive measures.
- the flow conditions can be adjusted autonomously thanks to constructive measures. This not least facilitates the operation of the device.
- a control / regulation of the furnace can be made comparable to the previous manner.
- At least one of the inlets in particular all the inlets with respect to the width (x) of the heating channel are arranged more eccentrically than the lowest passages or more eccentric than all the passages. This provides a particularly strong effect at least in the bottom area, and can also allow for the influence on the mixing in the x-direction with respect to the entire height of the furnace chamber.
- at least one inlet remains centric in the region of the passage or the passages, in particular in order to enable targeted influencing of the flow profile of the recirculation, in particular by delivery of inflow pulses.
- the y-position of the respective inlet between opposite dividing walls may preferably be at least approximately centric in each case. It has been shown that the y-position is to be chosen subordinate to the x-position and can be selected largely independently of the x-position, in particular according to the respective design advantages or as a function of a desired inflow angle.
- the respective upper passage is arranged below an optionally existing heating differential, in particular in a dividing wall extending in the xz plane.
- openings of a heating differential are arranged in a separating bulkhead extending in the xy plane.
- a lower passage is not necessarily provided.
- circular current or “circular current path” can also be applied to a not completely closed, but e.g. only over 180 ° or 270 ° in the circular flow guided.
- a combustion-inert and mixture-delaying intermediate layer and a cooling in the bottom area allow, in particular, a combustion-inert and mixture-delaying intermediate layer and a cooling in the bottom area, and can be carried out directly on the coke oven or on its structural design, in particular on the heating system, without the requirement of downstream plant components.
- a temperature maximum between the burner level and the lowermost passage can be lowered.
- the goal can be achieved to keep a temperature difference over the entire height of the heating channel well below 50K, with a mean coal charge temperature in the range of 1000 ° C and a maximum temperature in the range of 1050 ° C and in any case less than 1 100 ° C.
- the potential for NOx reduction in the range of 70 to 80% with respect to the current level of 350 to 500 ppm NOx (at 5% O 2) can be realized.
- a level of less than 100 ppm NOx (at 5% 02) can be realized.
- the amount of refractory material can be reduced by up to 5% percent, with the same output.
- An oven operator can use the oven operate with high output, or at high nozzle stone temperatures, at comparatively low NOx emission.
- the measures described in the present description can in particular be based on coke ovens with chamber operating times between filling operation and expressing operation between 15h and 28h, or on coke ovens with a heating temperature or nozzle stone temperature in the range of about 1200 to 1350 ° C.
- the heating channel can also be described as a heating shaft.
- the respective heating channel is delimited at the bottom by the bottom, which floor is also referred to as the burner level, even if there are no burners used (auto-ignition especially at about 800 ° C).
- a heating channel As a heating channel is to be understood a term for a very specific VertikalMapzug the two vertical heating of a twin heating. As a heating train is to understand any of the two vertical heating of a Zwwiningsutzzuges. In a respective operating state of the coke oven, a heating channel is either flared upwards or flows through downwards. If it is not relevant in the appropriate context of the explanations in which direction the gas flows, so the term heating is used here instead of the term heating channel. The term heating train can thus refer to the upwardly or downwardly flowed through the heating channel.
- the air or gas guide according to the invention can be implemented not only in twin heating trains, but also in so-called four-draft furnaces or alternative arrangements in which the concept of fluid-coupled heating cables is taken up and multiplied in each case in each paired coupling of the heating cables ,
- the introduced combustion air or the heating gas serves to generate the required process heat, be it in the floor area or in specific stepped height positions.
- the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible to dispense with a plurality of stepped air inlets (in particular by providing only a single gas classification), in particular at furnace chamber heights of less than 8 m.
- a modification according to the invention of the position of the lower, bottom-side inlets thus makes it possible to reduce the constructional outlay or the complexity of the furnace elsewhere.
- At least one combustion air or stepped air inlet for introducing combustion air from a stepped air duct running in the partition wall into the heating duct in at least one combustion stage height position can be provided in the partition wall.
- the lower area at the bottom of the heating train can correspond to the burner level, or even a height range over a maximum of 2 to 3 layers of brick masonry furnace (2 to 3 wall layers), at a height of each layer in the range of about 120mm.
- the floor area according to the definition of the present description may also extend, for example, to a height of 1200 mm.
- the bottom area is defined as an area from the burner level to a height of 100 to max. 800mm above the burner level.
- Altitudes in the present description refer to the burner level, ie to the lowest point of a respective heating channel.
- a lower passage is a passage defining a lower inflection point of a circular flow or a flow, in particular below an upper passage.
- the respective lower passage does not necessarily have to be arranged in the floor area.
- all the exhaust gas recirculation passages are arranged more centrically than at least one of the inlets. This allows a particularly effective decoupling of the rotor walls.
- at least one exhaust gas recirculation passage is arranged more centrically than all the inlets. This allows the rotor walls to be sealed off from recirculated exhaust gas by a gas carpet of new gas introduced.
- all the exhaust gas recirculation passages are arranged more centrically than all the inlets. This provides a particularly effective arrangement.
- At least two of the inlets comprising the coke oven gas inlet are arranged closer to the rotor walls on both sides of the coupling passages such that the circulating stream flowing out of the passages is arranged on a circular flow path closer to the center longitudinal axis of the heating channel Inlet path of the gases introduced via the corresponding inlets.
- the respective combustion air and / or mixed gas inlet is arranged adjacent to the corresponding rotor wall and the respective exhaust gas recirculation passage is arranged centrally, in particular mirror-symmetrical with respect to a Center longitudinal axis in the respective heating channel.
- a heat-insulating intermediate layer can be formed in the partition wall between the heating channels by means of which a partial volumetric flow of exhaust gas / flue gas can be conducted out of the descending heating channel and can be guided back into the ascending heating channel, wherein an intermediate intermediate-combustion-inert medium is produced by means of the intermediate layer can be generated with combustion retardant effect.
- a noticeable NOx reduction effect can already be achieved by means of a single additional passage.
- Exhaust gas or a larger volume flow of exhaust gas can be conducted in such a way in the upwardly flowed through the heating channel, in particular at different height positions, especially far below the bottom area that the local temperature is lowered and the temperature profile in the width and / or in the height is made uniform.
- the respective dividing wall further above can have at least one further coupling passage, which is located further inwardly closer to the middle of the heating channels than the outer circular flow path and is arranged to form an internal inert intermediate layer between the gas and air volume flows (combustion-technically or intermeshing). This allows a homogeneous temperature profile even at higher altitude positions.
- an inert separating layer can be formed by internally introducing internally reused inert exhaust gas, with a heat-insulating function, with the effect of a delayed, later mixing.
- a separating laminar layer may be formed be, which prevents cross-mixing or at least slightly further up to a higher altitude position.
- the invention is also based on the knowledge that the exhaust gas can also be performed in an average height position of the respective heating channel, at a lower pressure difference than at the upper and lower end, in terms of one with respect to the outermost Abgasrezirkulations-passages on internal bypass.
- the further inside, enclosed by the outer circuit bypass or circulating current affects the outer circuit current is not or not noticeable, especially due to the lower pressure difference. However, an influence on the heat transfer or the local temperature can be effectively performed.
- the respective partition wall has at least one further coupling lower and / or upper exhaust gas recirculation passage, which is arranged in a central height position closer to the center of the heating channels than the outer circular flow and is adapted for an additional inner bypass circular flow (additional recirculation ) up or down to form a (inertially or intermeshingly) inner inert intermediate layer between the gas and air flow streams on an additional inner bypass loop current path, the inner inert intermediate layer being preferably circumscribed by the outer loop current path.
- Cross-mixing of recirculated exhaust gases with newly introduced gases can be prevented or at least delayed according to the invention, in particular thanks to predominantly laminar flow conditions in at least one inert intermediate layer.
- the delaying of the cross-mixing can be done more or less effectively depending on the flow conditions, but in particular at least in such a way that cross-mixing takes place at the earliest above that of a NOx-forming zone.
- the energetically and economically advantageous concept of the circular current flow can advantageously continue to be fully utilized even if a very high flame temperature prevails, ie in the case of strong gas heating.
- the lower and optionally also the upper exhaust gas recirculation passages are formed in the height direction over at least 2 to 5, in particular over at least 3 to 4 wall layers, and / or over a maximum of 8 to 10 wall layers. This provides a good compromise between sufficient structural stability and adequate flow resistance of the recirculated gas.
- the respective lower / lowest exhaust gas recirculation passage extends over a plurality of wall layers or refractory layers in the height direction, in particular over at least 2 to 5 wall layers. This also allows for an adequate flow profile. Also can be done easily integration into an existing design.
- the inner inert intermediate layer is arranged in the x-direction farther inward or centrically than the flow paths of the inflowing gases and further in the middle or in a more central height position than the outer circular current path. This favors the stepped influence in each relevant height position.
- the exhaust gas recirculation passages are arranged in the region of the central width (x) of the heating channel, in particular at an x-distance from the central longitudinal axis of less than 30 or 20 or 10% of the width of the heating channel.
- the respective lower exhaust gas recirculation passage is disposed between the respective coke oven gas inlet and the respective combustion air and / or mixed gas inlet. This allows the previously explained influence on the temperature and flow profile, in particular in the bottom area, in particular a separation of the individual gas streams.
- the respective coke oven gas inlet is arranged closer than the third width (closer than one third of the width) of the heating cable (x-distance between opposite rotor walls) to the rotor wall, in particular at an x-distance of 10 to 350mm, in particular less as 300mm to an inner surface of the rotor wall, wherein the respective lower exhaust gas recirculation passage is arranged closer than the third width of the Edeluches to the center or to the center longitudinal axis of the Schuzuges, in particular at an x-distance of 30 to 300mm.
- This provides effective separation of the gas streams.
- the flow paths may be parallel without or before cross-mixing occurs.
- the respective combustion air inlet and / or mixed gas inlet is arranged closer to the rotor wall than the third width of the heating cable (x-distance between opposing rotor walls), and the respective lower exhaust gas recirculation passage is closer than the third width of the heating cable arranged to the center of the heating train, in particular at an x-distance of 30 to 300mm.
- This provides effective separation of the gas streams.
- the flow paths may be parallel without or before cross-mixing occurs.
- the respective coke oven gas inlet is arranged closer to the corresponding rotor wall than the respective lower exhaust gas recirculation passage, in particular with its central longitudinal axis at a distance of 10 to 350 mm, in particular less than 300 mm, to an inner surface of the rotor wall. This can also provide design benefits.
- At least one further lower exhaust gas recirculation passage or at least one further pair of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages is provided per twin heating train, in particular in at least one further height position above the (first) lower coupling passage, in particular below at least one stepped air inlet. This allows targeted influence on the temperature and flow profile in selected height positions.
- up to five further lower exhaust gas recirculation passages or up to five pairs of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages are provided per twin heating train between two stage air inlets. This provides a particularly great flexibility in influencing the respective height position.
- At least two further pairs of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages are provided in at least two further height positions above a lowermost pair of passages, in particular three to seven pairs of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages in three to seven further height positions. This provides a great variability with up to seven internal circulating currents.
- staged air is used here synonymously with the term “staged gas”.
- a stepped air duct can therefore also lead gas unequal to air.
- At least one further lower exhaust gas recirculation passage or at least one further pair of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages is arranged in at least one further height position between at least two stage air inlets per twin heating cable. This allows optimization by combining circular flow paths of recirculated gas and inlet paths of step gas.
- At least one further lower exhaust gas recirculation passage or at least one further pair of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages is arranged both below and above the or each stage air inlets per twin heating cable. This provides particularly high variability.
- At least one further lower exhaust gas recirculation passage or at least one further pair of lower exhaust gas recirculation passages is arranged in each at least one further height position above or from all the stepped air inlets. This also allows for an inner circuit current (path) decoupled from stepped-in gas.
- up to five further upper exhaust gas recirculation passages or up to five further pairs of upper exhaust gas recirculation passages are arranged above the or each stage air inlets per twin heating train. This provides particularly high variability.
- the exhaust gas recirculation passages are arranged above all the step gas inlets, a portion of the hot exhaust gas can already be conducted into the downwardly flowing heating channel before the reversal point, which has positive effects on the temperature control, in particular also in the gas collecting space above the charge.
- 800 to 820 ° C are not to be exceeded (soot formation, chemical quality of the raw gas).
- the exhaust gas recirculation passages may each be provided in pairs or individually, that is, even if the number is odd, e.g. three or five more exhaust gas recirculation passages.
- At least two intermediate layers are provided between the individual passages.
- This also provides good stability.
- Such stabilization of the heater wall assembly consisting of runner and binder wall is advantageous in terms of stability against coal driving pressures (maximum at about 75% of the cooking cycle).
- Coke ovens are usually constructed in layers, with layer heights including joints between 100 and 160mm, in particular about 120 to 130mm.
- the Baulehre for coke ovens teaches a combination of all possible stones of a heating wall via a tongue and groove connection, or by means of tongue and groove curvature. If a large passage cross-sectional area over several layers is desired, the heating wall assembly is weakened and there is a risk of deformation and outgassing of the furnace chamber due to widening joints. This can disadvantageously lead to CO formation insufficient existing combustion air in the heating channel lead. Therefore, high stability in a lateral (horizontal) direction is very important.
- a bias of the heating wall is desired to protect the Schuwandverbund from vertical deflection. Therefore, a tongue and groove connection is preferred on the upper and lower sides of the stones.
- the vertical bias of the heating wall is carried out in particular over a sufficiently large ceiling weight.
- the recirculation passages are arranged as follows: in each case a wall layer with a recirculation passage and above it a composite-stabilizing refractory material layer without passage, always alternating to e.g. Max. ten passages; or in each case one wall layer with a recirculation passage and above it two composite-stabilizing refractory material layers without passage and then a wall layer with a recirculation passage and above this one or two composite-stabilizing refractory material layers without passage.
- This provides good stability.
- the passages are comparatively small, but can be well integrated into the design of the furnace.
- At least one in particular centrally arranged step air channel is formed in the partition wall with at least one step air inlet, in particular with at least one step air inlet above at least one recirculation passage.
- At least two in particular arranged parallel stepped air passages which unite above the upper / top exhaust gas recirculation passage and open into a top step air inlet above all exhaust gas recirculation passages in the flamed heating channel in the (respective) partition.
- This also makes it possible, for example, to optimize the temperature and flow profiles by means of stepped gas at different width positions or (x) positions.
- the unified passage can be easily adjusted from the top of the ceiling by adjusting organ or slider.
- At least two, in particular, parallel, stepped air passages are formed in at least one of the partitions, which open into the flamed heating duct above the upper / uppermost exhaust gas recirculation passage in two upper stage air inlets above all the exhaust gas recirculation passages.
- the stepped introduced gas can be introduced homogeneously across the width (x-direction) in the heating channel.
- the redundant design of the stepped air ducts provides the advantage that the circulating current can be moved as far as desired into the center, in particular in the lower region of the heating channel, and thus can be very effectively decoupled from the gases admitted.
- This also constructive advantages may arise, including cost advantages in the construction of the device, or advantages for the operation.
- the stepped air ducts can also be laid to the outside, so that an inert exhaust gas flow can be formed as centrically as possible (at least more centrically than the other gases) by means of recirculated gases. Also, an advantageous secondary heat distribution can be achieved. Last but not least there are constructive advantages.
- the coke-side half becomes hotter in many operating conditions than the carbon-side half, so that it may be sufficient to implement the measures described here in the coke-side half, ie at e.g. 6 to 25, in particular in a maximum of 20 in the ejection direction further back arranged twin pairs, ie per oven chamber in about 6 to 25, in particular in a maximum of 20 partitions.
- the percentages given in each case according to the selection of the skilled person for the respective gas mixture 100%.
- the components of the respective gas mixture add up to 100 percent.
- further constituents, in particular higher hydrocarbons, and NH 3 and H 2 S in the respective gas mixture may be contained, in particular in each case below 1.5%.
- a tolerance of + -15% can be called.
- a mixed gas or a lean heavy gas can be mixed from the blast furnace gas and the purified strong gas, in particular according to the following rounded to the first decimal place components, each with a range of variation for the individual components of + -15% tolerance:
- the pairwise heating channels are separated from each other by a coupling partition wall (binder wall) 4, in which a coupling passage 4.4 is provided above and below, via which a circular flow 9 of recirculated exhaust gas can be realized.
- Neighboring twin heating cables are completely sealed off from each other by a partition wall 4a that is completely sealed off.
- the respective walls are made of stones, each defining a wall layer 3.1.
- temperatures at the coke oven 1 can be mentioned: nozzle stone temperature T1, (gas) temperature T2 in the respective heating channel, and temperature T3 in the furnace chamber.
- the present invention relates to the most homogeneous possible distribution of the temperature T2.
- the individual gas flows are described below with reference to FIGS. 1 F to 8E.
- the gas flow G1 indicates newly introduced or supplied heating gas or combustion air.
- the gas stream G1 may comprise a gas stream G1a (coke oven gas) and / or a gas stream Gi b (mixed gas).
- the gas flow G4 indicates recirculation exhaust gases, which are returned or circulated.
- the gas flow G5 denotes gas or air from a respective combustion stage 4.2, 14.1 1
- the gas flow G6 denotes exhaust gases, which are discharged from the respective heating channel or heating train.
- the distance d4 previously known passages 4.4 in the x-direction to each other is relatively large.
- the distance d5 of the Koksofengas inlet 8 to the other inlets 6, 7 in the x-direction, in particular a distance between the coke oven gas inlet 8; G1a and the other admitted gas flows G1 is comparatively small.
- the distance d5 is smaller than the distance d4.
- the distance x4 of the respective passage 4.4 to the inner wall of the rotor wall 3 is comparatively small (in particular, a distance of 120 to 140 mm between the rotor wall and the outer edge of the passage has hitherto been maintained).
- the distance x6, x8 of the inlet 6, 8 to the rotor wall 3 is comparatively large.
- the distance x8 is smaller than the distance x6.
- the distance x4 is significantly smaller than the distance x6, x8.
- Fig. 1 D schematically shows a heating differential 5.6 with individual openings 5.61, via which the gas can be diverted in a head region of the heating channel.
- the heating differential 5.6 is sealed off by a (intermediate) ceiling 5.7 from the respective twin heating cable.
- the heating differential 5.6 is independent of the circulating current 9.
- FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 show the individual measures according to the invention for optimizing the temperature profile in the respective heating channel. Individual measures are further illustrated in detail in FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E.
- Fig. 2 shows an arrangement with three Kreisstrompfaden 19.1, 19.2, 19.3, which around an at least approximately at half height position in the heating channel arranged
- Constrenschauslass 14.1 1 around run.
- step gas G5 from the soun Kunststoffauslass 14.1 1 flows step gas G5.
- a plurality of stepped air outlets may be provided, in particular also above the innermost circular flow path 19.3.
- the optimization of the flow and heat profile can be done primarily by means of the recirculated gas G4, both in the ground area and in several height positions above.
- Fig. 4 shows an arrangement with more than three Kreisstrompfaden, the number of lower passages is significantly greater than the number of upper passages.
- six lower passages (or pairs of passages) are provided in six different height positions.
- the lower passages are all arranged under a stepped air outlet 14.1 1 of a centric stepped air duct.
- the six lower passages are provided in pairs adjacent to the stepped air passage, and the upper passages are provided individually and arranged centrally.
- Above the exignluftauslass a single centric lower passage is arranged. In this arrangement, a particularly wide centric two-flow path results from bottom to top, which whre above is supplemented by step gas and the centrically introduced recirculation gas.
- FIG. 5 shows a distance d2 between an inner wall / edge of the corresponding passage 14.2 and an outer wall / edge of a stepped air duct 14.1, which is arranged in particular centrally in the heating cable, in the x-direction relative to one another.
- This distance d2 according to the invention is very small, in particular 30 to 100 mm, preferably 50 to 70 mm.
- the passages 14.2 according to the invention can be positioned as close as possible in the x direction next to it.
- the lower passages may alternatively be made narrower than the upper passages and / or narrower than the uppermost lower passages.
- the uppermost lower passages may also be provided as individual passages (no pairs) and may be arranged in such a width position that step gas may flow past / along the respective passage and mix with the recirculated gas.
- Fig. 7 shows an arrangement with two stage air ducts, which combine together in a vertical position between individual lower passages 14.2 open centrally into the heating channel, wherein in the respective stage air duct optionally further separate stage air outlets can be provided.
- the central stage air inlet 14.1 1 extends in particular over a width which completely overlaps the upper passage above it.
- the lower passages are arranged offset to each other in the x direction by the offset x2.
- the offset x2 also provides the advantage of a particularly wide, homogeneous flow (without a more strongly flowing core), in particular with comparatively wide passages 14.2 in the x direction. The circulating current can thereby be made even more homogeneous.
- a plurality of upper passages may be provided. Such an offset may also be provided in the arrangement shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an offset x2 in the x direction.
- This offset between adjacent passages 14.2 is in particular 50 to 100 mm and provides the advantage of a good heat distribution.
- FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, 8E the spacings and relative positions of the individual inlets and outlets according to the invention will be described below in a further exemplary embodiment.
- Fig. 8B it is shown that the inlets 16, 17, 18 are arranged in the x-direction further outward than the passages 14.2.
- the passages are arranged at a distance d14 to each other, which is smaller than the distance d 15 of the inlets.
- the distance d14 of the passages 14.2 in the x-direction relative to each other is comparatively small, in particular smaller than 50, 45, 40, 35 or 30 percent of the width (x) of the heating channel.
- the distance d15 of the coke oven gas inlet 18 to the further inlets 16, 17 in the x-direction is comparatively large, in particular greater than 70, 75, 80 or 85 percent of the width (x) of the heating channel.
- the distance d15 is significantly greater than the distance d14, in particular at least 35, 40, 45, 50 or 55 percent greater.
- the individual gas flows will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8B to 8E.
- the respective gas flow path GP1 identifies inflow paths or flow paths according to the invention for at least one of the gases G1 introduced via the inlets.
- the respective gas flow path GP4 identifies flow paths according to the invention of recirculated exhaust gas / flue gas G4, and the respective gas flow path GP5 identifies flow paths of step-initiated gas G5 according to the invention.
- the distances and relative positions mentioned with respect to the respective inlets and passages may also be reciprocally related to the distances and relative positions of the respective gastric paths / circular flow paths, at least in one section upstream of a subsequent mixing with adjacent gas flows.
- FIG. 9 shows a passage cross section in the yz plane.
- the recirculated gas G4 flows through the respective lower passage 14.2 coming from above and also flows back upwards.
- the gas G4 flows around two rounded flow edges 14.21, and flows past two sharp flow edges 14.22.
- the partition 14 limits the passage at the top with a convex curvature down. This promotes a low flow resistance.
- the partition 14 also limits the passage below.
- the circular circulating current which here has a very narrow radius, can thus flow through the passage without strong turbulences and be redirected upward. Down one or more sharp edges 14.22 may limit flow.
- This type of flow optimization also makes it possible to achieve a great effect by means of the way in which the new gases are introduced.
- the recirculated gases G4 produce no or only slight turbulences, so that the flow profile can be effectively optimized by means of the inlets.
- the coke oven device 10 may have a control unit 20, configured for controlling / regulating one of the volume flows V (t) described above, in particular at least the volume flows G1, G1a, Gib, G4, G5, G6 ,
- the controlling and adjusting the volume flow allows influencing the flow and temperature profile in the respective heating channel 1 1, 12.
- the volume flows indirectly also the NOx emission can be adjusted.
- FIGS. 11, 12 show variants of the embodiment shown in FIG. In Fig. 11, some of the upper passages disposed above the uppermost stage air outlet are formed in pairs, with a single larger, wider lower passage being provided.
- FIGS. 2 to 12 The positions of the inlets shown in FIGS. 2 to 12 are shown by way of example. Each inlet can be arranged and aligned independently of the other inlets. The embodiments shown can in particular also be varied by varying the arrangement of the lower passages, or by dispensing with individual or all lower passages.
- V (t) volumetric flow of the respective gas flow e.g. in m3 / h x horizontal direction (width or length)
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- Coke Industry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017216436.0A DE102017216436A1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit zentrischer Rezirkulation zum Herstellen von Koks und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Koksofenvorrichtung sowie Steuerungseinrichtung und Verwendung |
DE102017216437.9A DE102017216437A1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit exzentrischen Einlässen zum Herstellen von Koks und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Koksofenvorrichtung sowie Steuerungseinrichtung und Verwendung |
DE102017216439.5A DE102017216439A1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit umströmtem Kreisstrompfad zum Herstellen von Koks und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Koksofenvorrichtung sowie Steuerungseinrichtung und Verwendung |
PCT/EP2018/074702 WO2019053107A1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit exzentrischen einlässen zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3681979A1 true EP3681979A1 (de) | 2020-07-22 |
EP3681979B1 EP3681979B1 (de) | 2023-11-01 |
Family
ID=63586706
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18769665.3A Active EP3681979B1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit exzentrischen einlässen zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
EP18769664.6A Active EP3681978B1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit zentrischer rezirkulation zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
EP18769663.8A Active EP3681977B1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit umströmtem kreisstrompfad zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
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EP18769664.6A Active EP3681978B1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit zentrischer rezirkulation zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
EP18769663.8A Active EP3681977B1 (de) | 2017-09-15 | 2018-09-13 | Koksofenvorrichtung mit umströmtem kreisstrompfad zum herstellen von koks und verfahren zum betreiben der koksofenvorrichtung sowie steuerungseinrichtung und verwendung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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EP (3) | EP3681979B1 (de) |
CN (3) | CN111436202B (de) |
PL (1) | PL3681979T3 (de) |
TW (3) | TWI681048B (de) |
WO (3) | WO2019053103A1 (de) |
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DE102019206628B4 (de) * | 2019-05-08 | 2024-04-18 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Koksofenvorrichtung zum Herstellen von Koks und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Koksofenvorrichtung sowie Verwendung |
CN112724994A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 黑龙江建龙化工有限公司 | 一种新型判断配用煤影响冶金焦质量方法 |
CN113025349A (zh) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-25 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | 一种分段加热分段废气循环的焦炉立火道结构 |
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AT147818B (de) * | 1934-12-21 | 1936-11-25 | Didier Werke Ag | Koks- und Gaserzeugungsofen. |
DE735312C (de) * | 1938-09-09 | 1943-05-12 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Verbundkoksofen mit Zwillingsheizzuegen und Kreisstrombeheizung |
GB641221A (en) * | 1945-08-31 | 1950-08-09 | Cie Gen De Constr De Fours | Improvements in ovens, in particular, coke ovens |
GB821496A (en) | 1957-08-16 | 1959-10-07 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Improvements relating to gas-heated ovens |
JPS5145103A (en) * | 1974-10-16 | 1976-04-17 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Kookusuronenshohaigasuno shorihoho |
DE3443976A1 (de) * | 1984-12-01 | 1986-06-12 | Krupp Koppers GmbH, 4300 Essen | Verfahren zur verringerung des no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-gehaltes im rauchgas bei der beheizung von verkokungsoefen und verkokungsofen zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
CN85103685B (zh) * | 1985-05-14 | 1987-07-29 | 武汉钢铁公司技术部 | 焦炉火道四联循环方法 |
DE3812558C2 (de) | 1988-04-15 | 2001-02-22 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verringerung des NO¶x¶-Gehaltes im Rauchgas bei der Beheizung von Verkokungsöfen |
DE3841630A1 (de) * | 1988-12-10 | 1990-06-13 | Krupp Koppers Gmbh | Verfahren zur verringerung des no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-gehaltes im abgas bei der beheizung von starkgas- oder verbundkoksoefen und koksofenbatterie zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DE3916728C1 (de) | 1989-05-23 | 1990-12-20 | Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen, De | |
DE4006217A1 (de) | 1989-05-26 | 1990-11-29 | Didier Ofu Eng | Beheizungssystem fuer regenerativverkokungsoefen |
DE4317070A1 (de) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-24 | Alwin Dipl Ing Merz | Verfahren zum Einbau von Betonplatten |
JPH10265778A (ja) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-10-06 | Nkk Corp | コークス炉の燃焼室 |
JP2000008043A (ja) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-01-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | コークス炉の燃焼室構造及び燃焼方法、燃焼装置 |
AU2013206820B2 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2015-12-17 | Thermo Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus for solid carbonaceous materials synthesis gas generation |
DE102009015270A1 (de) | 2009-04-01 | 2010-10-14 | Uhde Gmbh | Verkokungsanlage mit Abgasrückführung |
DE102009053747B4 (de) * | 2009-11-18 | 2012-01-12 | Uhde Gmbh | Verfahren zur Reduzierung von Stickoxiden aus dem Abgas eines Koksofens |
JP5477232B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-01 | 2014-04-23 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | コークス炉 |
CN102250629B (zh) * | 2011-06-13 | 2013-09-04 | 山西利华新科技开发有限公司 | 一种热能循环利用的焦化炉及炼焦方法 |
CN102517042B (zh) * | 2011-06-21 | 2014-05-21 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | 一种可控制多段燃烧的焦炉加热方法 |
CN102925164A (zh) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-02-13 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | 一种焦炉加热方法 |
DE102013101912A1 (de) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-28 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Ausdrücken von Koks aus einer Ofenkammer eines Koksofens |
WO2016033524A1 (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-03-03 | Suncoke Technology And Development Llc | Improved burn profiles for coke operations |
CN104449768A (zh) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-03-25 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | 一种下调式焦炉燃烧室立火道燃烧调节方法及其加热系统 |
CN105385462A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-09 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | 一种有效降低焦炉氮氧化物生成的方法 |
CN105349158A (zh) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-24 | 中冶焦耐工程技术有限公司 | 一种降低焦炉氮氧化物生成的方法及立火道底部结构 |
CN106190184A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-07 | 湖南千盟智能信息技术有限公司 | 一种降低NOx生成的焦炉加热方法及装置 |
CN107057720B (zh) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-10-18 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | 一种焦炉燃烧室立火道结构 |
CN107033926B (zh) | 2017-06-20 | 2019-08-27 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | 实现低氮氧化物燃烧的焦炉燃烧室立火道结构 |
-
2018
- 2018-06-25 TW TW107121686A patent/TWI681048B/zh active
- 2018-08-02 TW TW107126843A patent/TWI681049B/zh active
- 2018-08-02 TW TW107126844A patent/TWI682027B/zh active
- 2018-09-13 EP EP18769665.3A patent/EP3681979B1/de active Active
- 2018-09-13 WO PCT/EP2018/074698 patent/WO2019053103A1/de unknown
- 2018-09-13 CN CN201880059927.9A patent/CN111436202B/zh active Active
- 2018-09-13 PL PL18769665.3T patent/PL3681979T3/pl unknown
- 2018-09-13 CN CN201880059962.0A patent/CN111479902B/zh active Active
- 2018-09-13 EP EP18769664.6A patent/EP3681978B1/de active Active
- 2018-09-13 EP EP18769663.8A patent/EP3681977B1/de active Active
- 2018-09-13 WO PCT/EP2018/074700 patent/WO2019053105A1/de unknown
- 2018-09-13 WO PCT/EP2018/074702 patent/WO2019053107A1/de unknown
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CN111479902A (zh) | 2020-07-31 |
TW201915150A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
WO2019053105A1 (de) | 2019-03-21 |
TWI681048B (zh) | 2020-01-01 |
TWI682027B (zh) | 2020-01-11 |
EP3681977B1 (de) | 2023-12-27 |
EP3681978A1 (de) | 2020-07-22 |
CN111436202B (zh) | 2021-10-15 |
WO2019053103A1 (de) | 2019-03-21 |
CN111479902B (zh) | 2022-03-04 |
PL3681979T3 (pl) | 2024-03-25 |
CN111436202A (zh) | 2020-07-21 |
EP3681977A1 (de) | 2020-07-22 |
CN111492038A (zh) | 2020-08-04 |
TWI681049B (zh) | 2020-01-01 |
TW201915152A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
EP3681978B1 (de) | 2023-12-27 |
TW201915151A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
EP3681979B1 (de) | 2023-11-01 |
WO2019053107A1 (de) | 2019-03-21 |
CN111492038B (zh) | 2022-02-22 |
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