EP3646943A2 - Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3646943A2
EP3646943A2 EP19208377.2A EP19208377A EP3646943A2 EP 3646943 A2 EP3646943 A2 EP 3646943A2 EP 19208377 A EP19208377 A EP 19208377A EP 3646943 A2 EP3646943 A2 EP 3646943A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
mixer
building material
mixture
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19208377.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3646943A3 (fr
EP3646943B1 (fr
Inventor
Patrik Kuhn
Armin Brühwiler
Raphael Bourquin
Didier Lootens
Luka OBLAK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Publication of EP3646943A2 publication Critical patent/EP3646943A2/fr
Publication of EP3646943A3 publication Critical patent/EP3646943A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3646943B1 publication Critical patent/EP3646943B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/148—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying a plurality of radially extending mixing bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/60—Mixing solids with solids
    • B01F23/64—Mixing solids with solids using rotatable mixing elements at the lower end of discharge hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0724—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis directly mounted on the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0725—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis on the free end of the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/07—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft
    • B01F27/072—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis
    • B01F27/0726—Stirrers characterised by their mounting on the shaft characterised by the disposition of the stirrers with respect to the rotating axis having stirring elements connected to the stirrer shaft each by a single radial rod, other than open frameworks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
    • B01F27/1121—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades pin-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/192—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with dissimilar elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2123—Shafts with both stirring means and feeding or discharging means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/72—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with helices or sections of helices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/7173—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper
    • B01F35/71731—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using gravity, e.g. from a hopper using a hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
    • B01F35/75455—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle
    • B01F35/754551—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using a rotary discharge means, e.g. a screw beneath the receptacle using helical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/0806—Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/0818—Charging or discharging gates or chutes; Sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/10—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/12—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers
    • B28C5/14—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis
    • B28C5/142—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades
    • B28C5/143—Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing with stirrers sweeping through the materials, e.g. with incorporated feeding or discharging means or with oscillating stirrers the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis the stirrer shaft carrying screw-blades for materials flowing continuously through the mixing device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/28—Mixing cement, mortar, clay, plaster or concrete ingredients

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixer and a method for producing a structure from building material using a mixer.
  • Mixers with a drum are conventionally used to mix different components, which can be solid, liquid or powder, for example, in which a stirring shaft is arranged, which can be driven by a drive.
  • the agitator shaft can be equipped with pins, for example, so that the mix is moved and mixed when the agitator shaft rotates.
  • Such a mixer is for example in the published patent application WO 2007/066362 A1 shown. With this horizontal continuous mixer, the material to be mixed is fed into the drum via an inlet, mixed there by pins on the agitator shaft, and finally discharged from the drum again via a side outlet.
  • the pins on the agitator shaft of such a mixer can be designed and arranged in such a way that the material to be mixed is moved by the pins in a predetermined direction in the drum.
  • a movement of the material to be mixed through the drum of the mixer works sufficiently well only with certain viscosities of the material to be mixed.
  • the conveyance of the mixed material to an outlet of the mixer is insufficient. The consequence of this is that the mixer can become blocked and its function is impaired.
  • a mixer is to be made available which can continuously mix and convey substances with a higher viscosity.
  • the mixer should also be easy to use and inexpensive to use.
  • the object is first achieved by a mixer comprising a drum with at least one inlet and one outlet.
  • the mixer further comprises a drive and an agitator shaft for mixing a material to be mixed, the agitator shaft arranged in the drum being coupled to the drive.
  • the Mixer a conveyor device which is arranged in the drum and which is arranged on the same axis as the agitator shaft.
  • This solution has the advantage that it can also continuously mix and convey mixes with higher viscosity. For example, when mixing pumpable concrete with concrete admixtures, it is desirable for the mix to reach a certain viscosity so that it can be used directly to produce a concrete structure.
  • the conveyor device according to the invention in the mixer also allows the material to be mixed to be conveyed continuously and directly from an inlet of the drum to an outlet of the drum for such applications, without the mixer being blocked by more viscous mixing materials and thus failing in its function.
  • the conveyor device is arranged directly on the agitator shaft, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft can be picked up directly by the conveyor device and can be conveyed out of the drum through the outlet.
  • the agitator shaft is equipped with pins, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture in the drum is moved by the pins.
  • Such agitator shafts with pins are particularly suitable for mixing components with large grain sizes, for example grain sizes from 2 to 10 mm.
  • This can be, for example, aggregates such as stones, gravel or sand.
  • a mixer is also suitable for mixing asymmetrical substances such as, for example, mixed materials with fiber additives (for example carbon fibers, metal fibers or plastic fibers).
  • the agitator shaft is not equipped with pins, but is designed, for example, as a spiral stirrer, disk stirrer or inclined blade stirrer.
  • the conveying device and the agitator shaft are arranged on the same drive shaft, this drive shaft being drivable by the drive. This has the advantage that it results in an inexpensive and robust device.
  • the conveyor device and the agitator shaft are arranged on two separate drive shafts, the conveyor device being arranged on a first drive shaft and the agitator shaft on a second drive shaft, so that the conveyor device and agitator shaft can be driven at different speeds.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the mixing and conveying of the mixed material can be set separately from one another. In this way, mixing and conveying that is optimal for the respective purpose can be achieved by means of a specifically adaptable mixing capacity and conveying capacity. For example, for a first application, a slight mixing with a simultaneously high delivery rate and / or delivery with high pressure may be advantageous, and for a second application a strong mixing with a simultaneously low delivery rate and / or delivery with low pressure may be advantageous.
  • the agitator shaft and the conveying device are arranged side by side in the drum, the agitator shaft being arranged on a first drum section and the conveying device on a second drum section, and the inlet on the first Drum section and the outlet are arranged on the second drum section.
  • the first drum section with the stirring shaft arranged therein forms between 50% and 90%, preferably between 60% and 85%, particularly preferably between 70% and 80%, of a volume of the drum. It has been shown that by dividing the drum in this way, an optimal mixing performance can be achieved with a desired delivery performance of the mixer.
  • the conveyor element is designed as a screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor has at least one, preferably at least two turns. Such a screw conveyor has the advantage that it can also convey highly viscous mixes in the drum and can also be conveyed from the drum through the outlet at a desired pressure.
  • turns can be formed.
  • the turns can differ in their dimensions in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns becoming narrower towards one end of the conveying device.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device can be changed, depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device can be designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the mix becomes narrower towards one end of the conveyor.
  • a conveying pressure of the conveying device can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.
  • only one inlet or also two or more inlets can be arranged on the drum.
  • the components can be brought together, for example, before they are passed into the drum, or the components can be guided into the drum via separate inlets and only in the Drum to be mixed together.
  • the stirrer shaft and any stirrer elements arranged thereon, such as pins can be designed differently.
  • the drum comprises a first inlet and a second inlet, a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • a feed device being arranged at the first inlet.
  • the feed device comprises a funnel for receiving a powdery component, a second drive and a second agitator shaft coupled to it and arranged in the funnel. This has the advantage that this powdery component can be continuously introduced into the mixer drum without clogging.
  • the second agitator shaft comprises radially arranged agitator blades, which are arranged in an input region of the funnel, and wherein the second agitator shaft has an axially aligned stirrer rod, which is radially offset from an axis of rotation of the agitator shaft and is arranged in an output region of the funnel.
  • a feeding device offers the advantage that the powdered component can be conveyed through an input region of the funnel in a controlled manner by the stirring blades, the powdery component being prevented from blocking the output region of the funnel by the radially offset stirring rod.
  • only stirring blades without a stirring rod or a stirring rod without stirring blades can be arranged on the stirring shaft.
  • a component that is fed to the system via the feed device can be fed using a gravimetric method.
  • a gravimetric method In contrast to a volumetric method, this has the advantage that a supplied mass of the one component can be set precisely, as a result of which a more precise mixing result can be achieved.
  • an additional second conveying device is arranged in the drum on the same axis as the agitator shaft and the conveying device in order to lead a first component introduced into the drum via the inlet away from the inlet before the first component is mixed with further components.
  • a system for applying a building material comprising a moving device, a first component and a second component.
  • the system further comprises a mixer for mixing the first component and the second component, the mixer being arranged on the travel device and being movable by the latter.
  • the first component and the second component for producing the building material can be fed to the mixer.
  • the building material generated from the components can be applied via the outlet of the mixer.
  • the mixer according to the invention and described here is used as the mixer.
  • Such a system for applying a building material offers the advantage that, for example, building structures can be built efficiently and cost-effectively.
  • the advantage of the arrangement proposed here is, in particular, that the components are only mixed with one another shortly before the application of the building material. This is made possible by the fact that the mixer is arranged such that it can be moved via the travel device, so that it can be brought to the position at which the building material is to be applied. Due to the direct application of the building material after the mixing process, a highly viscous building material, such as concrete, can be used in the mixer without this highly viscous building material having to be conveyed or processed further.
  • the first component is a pumpable building material such as concrete
  • the second component is a pumpable substance that contains a building material additive such as a concrete additive.
  • the building material additive is a solidification accelerator and / or a hardening accelerator.
  • a pumpable building material and a building material additive offers the advantage that both the pumpable building material and the building material additive can be transported from a container to the mixer in a simple manner, the mixing of these two substances resulting in a highly viscous building material which is used directly for Manufacturing a building structure can be used.
  • the traversing device is designed to be movable in the manner of a 3-D printer, so that structures can be built up from the building material by means of the system.
  • a method for producing a structure from building material comprising the steps: mixing a pumpable building material, in particular concrete, and a pumpable substance which contains a building material additive, in particular a concrete additive, with a mixer; and applying the mixture with a traversing device.
  • the concrete additive is a setting accelerator and / or setting accelerator.
  • the mixer is operated at a speed of more than 500 revolutions per minute, preferably at a speed of more than 650 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed of more than 800 revolutions per minute, particularly preferably at a speed Speed of more than 1000 revolutions per minute.
  • pumpable concrete with solidification or hardening accelerators were mixed at speeds between 200 and 2000 revolutions per minute. It was found that when mixing at speeds below 500 revolutions per minute, a sufficiently homogeneous or smooth mixture was not achieved, so that the pumpable concrete and the pumpable accelerator did not mix sufficiently with one another. This led to hardening or hardening behavior, which is difficult to control, since the insufficiently homogeneous mixture has areas with an above-average amount of additive and areas with correspondingly too little additive. This can lead to blockages in the mixer and / or to defects in the applied mixture, such as areas with insufficient strength after a certain time after leaving the mixer.
  • pumpable concrete which was mixed with fibers, was mixed with accelerator at different speeds according to the method described above.
  • speeds of over 900 revolutions per minute have proven to be advantageous because here, in addition to the concrete, the fibers also had to be broken up.
  • an average residence time of the mixture in the drum is less than 10 seconds, preferably less than 7 seconds, particularly preferably less than 4 seconds.
  • the average residence time of the mixture in the drum is the length of time that a particle remains in the drum (from the inlet of the drum to the outlet of the drum) on average.
  • An above-mentioned advantageous average residence time of at most a few seconds has the advantage that a mixture of high or strongly increasing viscosity can be conveyed, such as pumpable concrete mixed with solidification accelerators and / or hardening accelerators.
  • the mixture when the mixture is applied, the mixture is applied in a plurality of at least partially superimposed layers.
  • an existing layer is only overlaid with a new layer of the mixture when the existing layer is sufficiently strong to maintain its original shape.
  • At least partially overlapping layers of the mixture are built up continuously during application, so that the structure is built up from building material in the manner of a 3-D printer.
  • Such methods offer the advantage that entire structures can be produced from building material, such as building walls or the like. In comparison to conventional methods, such methods offer the advantage that no formwork is necessary and that the shape of the structure can therefore be selected much more freely.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary mixer 1 is shown.
  • the mixer 1 has a drive 3, a drum 2, an agitator shaft 4 and a conveyor device 5.
  • the drum 2 has two inlets 6 and one outlet 7.
  • the inlets 6 are located in a first drum section 10 in which the agitator shaft is arranged and the outlet 7 is located on a second drum section 11, in which the conveying device 5 is also arranged.
  • two inlets 6 are arranged on the drum 2.
  • the drum 2 has only one inlet.
  • the components to be mixed can already be brought together before they are conveyed into the drum 2 via the inlet.
  • the conveyor device 5 is then arranged directly on the agitator shaft 4, so that the mixed material mixed by the agitator shaft 4 can be detected directly by the conveyor device 5 and can be conveyed out of the drum 2 through the outlet 7.
  • the conveyor device 5 is designed as a screw conveyor.
  • the screw conveyor in this exemplary embodiment has two complete turns 9.
  • the screw conveyor can be dimensioned or designed differently.
  • the conveyor device 5 and the agitator shaft 4 are arranged on the same axis in the drum 2.
  • the agitator shaft 4 is equipped with pins 8, so that when the agitator shaft rotates, a mixture is moved in the drum by the pins 8.
  • a feed device 12 is arranged on one of the inlets 6. This feed device 12 is suitable, for example, for introducing a powdery component evenly and without clogging into the drum 2 of the mixer 1.
  • the feed device 12 has a second drive 13 and a second agitator shaft 16.
  • the second agitator shaft 16 is rotatably arranged in a funnel 19.
  • the funnel 19 has an input region 14 and an output region 15.
  • stirring blades 17 are arranged on the second stirring shaft in the input region of the funnel 19, and a stirring rod 18 is arranged in the output region 15 of the funnel 19 on the second stirring shaft 16.
  • the stirring blades 17 are arranged radially on the second stirring shaft so that they can convey a powdery component through the input region 14 of the funnel 19.
  • the stirring rod 18 is axially aligned with respect to the second stirring shaft 16 and radially offset from an axis of rotation of the stirring shaft 16. As a result, this stirring rod 18 can prevent the outlet region 15 of the funnel 19 from becoming blocked.
  • Fig. 4 again shows an exemplary mixer 1 with a feed device 12 at one of the inlets.
  • a first component 20 and a second component 22 are fed to the mixer 1 via a respective first feed 21 and a second feed 23.
  • the first component 20 can be a powdery component which is fed via the first feed 21 into the hopper of the feed device 12
  • the second component 22 can be a liquid or a pumpable substance, for example, which flows directly through the second feed 23 the drum of the mixer 1 is guided.
  • the mixture is conveyed by the conveying device 5 through the outlet 25 of the mixer.
  • FIG. 5 A system 30 for applying a building material is shown.
  • the system 30 comprises a travel device 31 and a first component 32 and one second component 33.
  • the first component 32 and the second component 33 are fed to the mixer 1 via a first feed 34 and a second feed 35.
  • the mixer 1 comprises an outlet 36, through which the building material can be applied.
  • the mixer 1 can be moved by the moving device 31.
  • the displacement device 31, as shown in this exemplary embodiment can have an arm which is designed to be movable.
  • a multi-articulated arm can be used to allow the mixer 1 to move in a more varied manner in space.
  • the traversing device 31 is designed as a crane, as a robot, as a mobile device on wheels or caterpillars, or as a 3D printer.
  • FIG. 6 An exemplary embodiment of a conveyor device 5 is shown.
  • more than two turns 9 are initially formed.
  • the turns 9 differ in their extent in the direction of the drive shaft, the turns 9 narrowing towards one end of the conveying device 5.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed depending on the orientation of the narrowing of the turns 9.
  • a cross section of a shaft of the conveyor device 5 is designed to be variable in the direction of the drive shaft.
  • a volume for the mixed material becomes narrower towards one end of the conveying device 5.
  • a delivery pressure of the delivery device 5 can be changed, depending on the alignment of the narrowing of the volume for the mix.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
EP19208377.2A 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction Active EP3646943B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16158056 2016-03-01
EP17707571.0A EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
PCT/EP2017/054824 WO2017149040A1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17707571.0A Division EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
EP17707571.0A Division-Into EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3646943A2 true EP3646943A2 (fr) 2020-05-06
EP3646943A3 EP3646943A3 (fr) 2020-10-14
EP3646943B1 EP3646943B1 (fr) 2023-05-24

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EP17707571.0A Active EP3423178B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Mélangeur, système pour appliquer un matériau de construction et procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction
EP19208375.6A Active EP3659699B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Système pour l'application d'un matériau de construction
EP19208377.2A Active EP3646943B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Procédé pour fabriquer une structure en matériau de construction

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EP19208375.6A Active EP3659699B1 (fr) 2016-03-01 2017-03-01 Système pour l'application d'un matériau de construction

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US (1) US20190047176A1 (fr)
EP (3) EP3423178B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP7089476B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR20180119568A (fr)
CN (1) CN108698001B (fr)
AU (1) AU2017225809B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112018017136A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3015856A1 (fr)
CL (1) CL2018002448A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO2018010008A2 (fr)
DK (1) DK3646943T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2951846T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2018010452A (fr)
PT (1) PT3646943T (fr)
RU (1) RU2735761C2 (fr)
SA (1) SA518392206B1 (fr)
SG (1) SG11201807491SA (fr)
WO (1) WO2017149040A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201806381B (fr)

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CN113958089A (zh) * 2021-09-02 2022-01-21 绍兴文理学院元培学院 一种建筑物地坪散料装置
EP4151409A1 (fr) 2021-09-21 2023-03-22 Holcim Technology Ltd Mélange de matériau cimentaire sec pour impression 3d
EP4151408A1 (fr) 2021-09-21 2023-03-22 Holcim Technology Ltd Mélange de matériau cimentaire sec pour impression 3d
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KR102628402B1 (ko) * 2021-10-07 2024-01-23 고려대학교 산학협력단 다중 배합을 통한 3d 프린팅 방법
RU209336U1 (ru) * 2021-10-25 2022-03-15 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АРКОДИМ" Смеситель экструдера строительного принтера
JP2023114219A (ja) 2022-02-04 2023-08-17 キヤノン株式会社 照明制御装置およびシステム、撮像装置
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JP2022016472A (ja) 2022-01-21
ES2951846T3 (es) 2023-10-25
RU2018125991A (ru) 2020-04-01
CN108698001B (zh) 2022-08-02
US20190047176A1 (en) 2019-02-14
KR20180119568A (ko) 2018-11-02
DK3646943T3 (da) 2023-08-14
SG11201807491SA (en) 2018-09-27
EP3423178B1 (fr) 2022-08-17
RU2735761C2 (ru) 2020-11-06
MX2018010452A (es) 2019-03-28
EP3659699A3 (fr) 2020-10-21
AU2017225809B2 (en) 2022-07-21
EP3659699A2 (fr) 2020-06-03
CN108698001A (zh) 2018-10-23
AU2017225809A1 (en) 2018-08-16
JP2019511972A (ja) 2019-05-09
SA518392206B1 (ar) 2023-01-18
PT3646943T (pt) 2023-07-27
EP3646943A3 (fr) 2020-10-14
WO2017149040A1 (fr) 2017-09-08
RU2018125991A3 (fr) 2020-09-01
EP3646943B1 (fr) 2023-05-24
ZA201806381B (en) 2019-07-31
CL2018002448A1 (es) 2018-12-28
EP3659699B1 (fr) 2024-05-08
BR112018017136A2 (pt) 2019-01-15
KR20220070330A (ko) 2022-05-30
EP3423178A1 (fr) 2019-01-09
CO2018010008A2 (es) 2018-09-28
CA3015856A1 (fr) 2017-09-08
JP7089476B2 (ja) 2022-06-22

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