EP3590881A1 - Dispositif de transport - Google Patents

Dispositif de transport Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3590881A1
EP3590881A1 EP18181202.5A EP18181202A EP3590881A1 EP 3590881 A1 EP3590881 A1 EP 3590881A1 EP 18181202 A EP18181202 A EP 18181202A EP 3590881 A1 EP3590881 A1 EP 3590881A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adjusting
ropes
trolley
rope
transport device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18181202.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Georg Klapper
Roman BEER
Johannes Wüstner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hans Kuenz GmbH
Original Assignee
Hans Kuenz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hans Kuenz GmbH filed Critical Hans Kuenz GmbH
Priority to EP18181202.5A priority Critical patent/EP3590881A1/fr
Publication of EP3590881A1 publication Critical patent/EP3590881A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
    • B66C13/06—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C19/00—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries
    • B66C19/007—Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries for containers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transport device for a crane, in particular a gantry crane, for transporting at least one container or other load, the transport device comprising at least one trolley and at least eight ropes and a load suspension device which can be raised and lowered by means of the ropes, and the ropes can be wound on at least one rope drum rotatably mounted on the trolley, the transport device having adjustment devices for the relative adjustment of the load suspension device relative to the trolley, and an adjusting element of the respective adjustment device, in an operating state of the transport device, rigidly coupling two of the ropes to one another. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating a transport device and a crane with a transport device.
  • transport devices When transporting containers or other loads by means of a crane, transport devices of the type mentioned above are used. In addition to the usual functions of a crane, in particular lifting and lowering the at least one container or the other load, it is usually also necessary to adjust the at least one container or the other load in at least one horizontal direction by the at least one container or the other load to park at a predetermined location or to take up by means of the transport device.
  • the transport device generally has a trolley which can be moved along a crane girder of the crane and which enables the movement of the transport device in a first horizontal direction, while the crane as a whole can usually be moved in a second horizontal direction. This makes it possible to roughly position the transport device and in particular the load suspension device hanging on the trolley.
  • the AT 516 981 A1 shows a transport device with a large number of individually controllable cable drums, on each of which one of the cables can be wound.
  • the load suspension device can be finely positioned.
  • the technical effort for individually controlling the cable drums is reasonably high.
  • a transport device of the type mentioned in which the load-carrying device is carried by two longitudinal pairs of cables and two transverse pairs of cables.
  • the ends of the cable pairs remote from the cable drum are each anchored to a connecting member of the load-receiving device which can be displaced relative to a frame of the load-carrying device.
  • the transport device has piston-cylinder units for the relative displacement of the connecting members relative to the load suspension device.
  • hydraulic units, electrical components, sensors, etc. on the load suspension device are required, which increase the weight of the load suspension device.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simply constructed transport device of the type mentioned above, in which the weight of the load suspension device can be reduced compared to the prior art.
  • the adjusting devices are arranged on the trolley and the adjusting element of the respective adjusting device can be moved in relation to the trolley in the operating state to act on a respective rope end connection or a respective rope deflection point of the two ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state.
  • the adjusting devices in the transport device according to the invention are attached or fixed, in particular directly, to the trolley. This means that the adjustment devices are, in particular, carried directly by the trolley.
  • the adjusting devices of the transport device according to the invention are therefore not arranged on or on the load suspension device.
  • the load suspension device according to the invention thus has a low weight.
  • the adjusting element of the adjusting device couples two of the cables of the transport device rigidly to one another in the operating state, preferably precisely.
  • a rigid coupling of the ropes in the operating state is understood to mean that the movements of the ropes coupled to one another, which together can also be referred to as a pair of ropes, are interdependent. That is, the movement of the adjusting element relative to the trolley causes an immediate movement of both ropes rigidly coupled to one another by means of the adjusting element in the operating state.
  • the rigid coupling means no indirect coupling of the ropes via other components, in particular not via the load suspension device itself.
  • the rigid coupling of the rope pair by means of the actuating element and the action of the actuating element on the ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state advantageously results in a simultaneous change in position and / or position of the ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state by means of the actuating element.
  • a rigid mechanical coupling includes a physical coupling of the ropes by means of at least one rigid body and / or by means of hydraulics.
  • the adjustment devices can be controlled independently of the movement of the at least one cable drum.
  • the respective adjustment device advantageously has a drive, for example an electromechanical or hydraulic drive, for adjusting the adjusting element relative to the trolley.
  • a drive for example an electromechanical or hydraulic drive
  • the at least one cable drum stands still during the relative adjustment of the load suspension device relative to the trolley by means of the adjusting devices.
  • this is not mandatory.
  • a superimposed control of the cable drums and at least one of the adjustment devices is also conceivable and possible.
  • the adjusting devices act by means of the adjusting elements on the ropes rigidly coupled to one another on the respective adjusting element and thus serve to adjust the position and / or the alignment of the load-carrying device during fine positioning.
  • the fine positioning could also be referred to as an adjustment of the load suspension device relative to the trolley.
  • the trolley which can also be referred to as a crane trolley, is advantageously mounted for longitudinal displacement on a crane girder of the crane.
  • the load suspension device hanging on the trolley advantageously has connecting devices for fastening the at least one container or the other load. Such connecting devices are well known in the prior art.
  • the at least one cable drum could also be referred to as a cable winch and is used to wind and unwind the cables. By rotating the cable drum, an end section of the respective cable is wound up or unwound, the load suspension device being raised or lowered.
  • the transport device could have exactly one rope drum on which all the ropes Transport device can be wound up. It is expedient if the transport device has two or more cable drums, for example four cable drums. It is preferred if at least two of the ropes can be wound up and unwound on each rope drum. By dividing the ropes into several rope drums and individually controlling the rope drums, further functions of fine positioning can be realized, in which case groups of ropes can be wound up and unwound together.
  • the entirety of the cable drums and the drives driving the cable drums is also referred to as a hoist.
  • a rope is referred to as a hoisting rope, which contributes to lifting the at least one container or the other load, and continuously between the end wound on the respective rope drum and an end of the rope facing away from the rope drum, which end is anchored to a component of the transport device , runs.
  • the term rope or hoisting rope also includes bands or chains.
  • the entirety of the ropes forms the so-called rope shaft, which is also called the rope tower, which extends between the trolley and the load suspension device.
  • the cable shaft is the structure that carries the load suspension device and any container or other load attached to it. The geometry of the cable shaft depends on the relative position of the load suspension device in relation to the trolley.
  • the cable end connection is understood to be the device provided on the respective cable for anchoring the cable to a component.
  • the cable end connection is arranged on the end section of the respective cable remote from the at least one cable drum.
  • the rope end connection could be a bolt press connection or a rope encapsulation or the like. Such rope end connections are well known in crane construction.
  • a rope deflection point considers a theoretical point around which the rope can be deflected or deflected. For example, a rope placed around a rope guide roller is rotated about an axis of rotation Cable guide roller deflected. The point of intersection between a plane in which a groove base of a rope groove of the rope guiding roller receiving the rope lies and the axis of rotation of the roller is referred to in the context of this document as a rope deflection point. The rope deflection point is therefore usually outside the contour of the rope itself.
  • the ropes are each deflected around at least one deflection roller arranged on the load suspension device and that the end of the respective rope facing away from the rope drum engages the trolley.
  • the end of the respective rope facing away from the rope drum can e.g. be anchored to the actuator.
  • the end of the respective cable facing away from the cable drum can be anchored at a fixed cable point of the trolley.
  • a type of pulley can be realized by providing a deflection roller for deflecting the ropes on the load suspension device. This enables the effective rope forces in the respective rope to be reduced.
  • the deflection of the rope on the deflection roller could also be referred to as reeving of the rope or double guidance of the rope.
  • a smaller rope diameter can be selected.
  • a smaller diameter of the at least one cable drum is also advantageously required. Due to the smaller rope forces, the torques required to drive the at least one rope drum are also smaller. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable and possible to dispense with deflecting rollers on the load suspension device, the end of the respective rope facing away from the cable drum being anchored to the load suspension device.
  • the rope forces which act in the ropes of the pair of ropes or the forces introduced by the rope forces acting on the ropes on the actuating element at least partially, preferably completely, cancel each other out.
  • a relative force for adjusting the respective adjusting element which is less than 50%, preferably less than 25%, of the rope force acting in the respective rope.
  • the complete repeal of the on the Adjustment element of the forces introduced by the cables is advantageously carried out in an equilibrium position of the load suspension device, ie advantageously without the action of dynamic forces, for example as a result of acceleration processes or environmental influences.
  • the adjusting element has at least one of the adjusting devices, preferably all adjusting devices, anchoring points at which the rope end connections of the ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state are anchored.
  • the ropes of the rope pair thus engage with their full rope force on the actuating element, the rope forces advantageously being at least partially canceled out, preferably completely in the equilibrium position of the load suspension.
  • the adjusting element is slidably mounted on the trolley.
  • the adjusting element could be longitudinally displaceable relative to the trolley by means of a hydraulic drive or an electromechanical drive of the adjusting device.
  • the actuating element could, for example, have a rack in which a pinion of a gear motor engages.
  • the displacement directions of the control element are advantageously in a horizontal plane.
  • the adjusting element is pivotably mounted on the trolley.
  • the pivotably mounted actuating element can have a lever which can be pivoted relative to the trolley about a pivot axis arranged on the trolley.
  • the lever can be adjusted e.g. by means of a hydraulic or electromechanical drive of the adjusting device.
  • the adjusting element has an adjusting drum rotatably mounted on the trolley, on which the two ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state can be wound up.
  • the ropes are wound up Conveniently in opposite directions, so that the rope forces acting in the ropes, as is preferred, at least partially, preferably completely, cancel each other out.
  • the adjustment drum can be adjusted, for example, by means of an electromechanical drive, for example by means of a geared motor, or a hydraulic drive, for example by means of a hydraulic motor, of the adjustment device.
  • the ropes could be anchored directly to the adjustment drum. Such anchors are known in the prior art in connection with the unwinding and anchoring of the ropes on the at least one rope drum of the hoist.
  • the adjusting element has at least one of the adjusting devices, preferably all adjusting devices, on the adjusting element rotatably mounted deflection rollers for acting on the rope deflection points of the ropes of the rope pair rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state.
  • the adjusting element could be a sliding bar that can be displaced relative to the trolley and on which the deflection rollers, in particular at opposite ends of the sliding bar, are rotatably mounted.
  • the adjusting element of at least one, preferably all, of the adjusting devices has an overload protection device to avoid force peaks of the rope forces in the ropes in an overload state of the transport device, the rigid coupling of the ropes being at least briefly canceled or released in the overload state ,
  • the overload condition of the transport device can occur, for example, when the at least one container or the other load collides with an obstacle.
  • the overload protection ensures compliance in the cable tower.
  • the overload safety device has a hydraulic arrangement with at least one hydraulic cylinder and two pistons, which are displaceably mounted in the at least one hydraulic cylinder, and at least one pressure relief valve for setting a specific limit force, the rope end connection being rigid in the operating state coupled ropes is anchored to each of the pistons. If the limit force is exceeded, hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic system overflows via the pressure relief valve and thus a relative adjustment of the two pistons and the rope end connections anchored to the pistons.
  • the adjusting drum has two adjusting drum halves which can be rotated relative to one another, on each of which one of the ropes rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state is wound, the Adjusting drum halves are coupled to one another by means of an adjustable brake of the overload protection device, and the brake rigidly couples the adjusting drum halves to one another in the operating state and permits relative rotation of the adjusting drum halves in the overload state.
  • the adjusting drum halves can thus be rotated relative to one another by applying a force acting on the cables that is greater than a limit force that can be set on the brake, which can also be referred to as a braking or holding force.
  • the adjusting drum halves are rigidly coupled to one another via the brake during the operating state. If the limit force is exceeded, the adjusting drum halves are rotated relative to one another, the cables wound on the respective adjusting drum half being unwound.
  • the relative rotation of the Adjustment drum halves can be made independently of one another or coupled by means of a gear.
  • the load suspension device has two opposing long sides and two end faces that are oriented normal to the long sides, at least two of the ropes engaging on each of the end faces and long sides, and the ropes engaging on the same end face in one direction Seen parallel to the long sides, form at least one crossing point and / or that the ropes engaging on the same long side, viewed in a direction parallel to the end faces, form at least one crossing point.
  • the stability of the cable shaft or the transport device can be increased by the crossed arrangement of two cables in each case engaging on the same longitudinal or end face of the load suspension device.
  • a rope can essentially only absorb forces in the direction of the course of the rope, the above-mentioned crossed arrangement of two ropes can reduce pendulum movements of the load suspension device due to dynamic processes, such as acceleration processes, wind, etc.
  • the transport devices can have any combination of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments of adjusting devices.
  • the transport device could comprise two adjusting devices in which the adjusting element has an adjusting drum and two adjusting devices which have an adjusting element which can be displaced relative to the trolley, etc.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating a transport device according to the invention, it being provided that, for the relative adjustment of the load suspension device relative to the trolley, at least one of the adjusting elements of the adjusting devices for acting on the respective rope end connection or the respective rope deflection point of the two rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state Ropes are moved relative to the trolley.
  • this includes that in the overload state the rigid coupling of the ropes can be at least briefly canceled or released.
  • the present invention also relates to a crane, preferably a gantry crane, with at least one transport device according to the invention.
  • a crane 2 designed as a portal crane for transporting containers 3 in a container terminal is shown.
  • the crane 2 can be moved horizontally with respect to a direction orthogonal to the plane of the drawing.
  • the gantry crane is supported directly on the base 24 on trolleys, which are not described in any more detail and are well known in the prior art.
  • the trolleys are inflated with air.
  • the gantry crane could also be supported on crane rails arranged on the ground, as is also well known.
  • the crane 2 shown embodiment has a crane girder 22, which is supported on the trolleys by means of uprights 23.
  • a trolley 4 of a transport device 1 is movably mounted on the crane girder 22, which can also be referred to as the main girder of the crane 2.
  • the trolley 4 is supported by means of rollers, not specified in any more detail, on the rails arranged on the crane girder 22. All of this is well known in the art.
  • the transport device 1 comprises a load suspension device 9 with a connection device (not specified) for connection to at least one container 3 or another load.
  • the load suspension device 9 hangs in the exemplary embodiment shown with eight ropes 5 ', 5 “, 6', 6", 7 ', 7 ", 8', 8” on the trolley 4 and is by lengthening or shortening the free length of the ropes 5 ' up to 8 'and 5 "to 8" movable relative to trolley 4, cf. the two different ones in the 1 and 2 illustrated working positions of the transport device 1.
  • the ropes 5 'to 8' and 5 "to 8" extending between the trolley 4 and the load suspension device 9 together form the cable shaft of the transport device 1.
  • the rigidity of the cable shaft is essential for the pendulum behavior of the load suspension device 9 Starting and braking of the crane 2.
  • the load-carrying device 9 has two opposing longitudinal sides 43 and mutually opposite end faces 44 which are oriented normally to the longitudinal sides 43.
  • the longitudinal sides 43 and the end faces 44 are expediently aligned parallel to the longitudinal sides and the end faces of the container 3 which can be fastened or fastened to the load-carrying device 9 , see. eg Fig. 4 ,
  • the load suspension device 9 can be positioned relatively quickly in at least two horizontal directions. This process is also known as rough positioning.
  • the transport device 1 has a lifting mechanism with two cable drums 10, 10 'which are rotatably mounted on the trolley 4 and which in the 3 and 4 are clearly visible.
  • the cable drums 10, 10 ' can be driven, ie rotated, independently of one another by means of drive arrangements of the lifting mechanism which are not described in any more detail.
  • end sections of four of the eight ropes 5 '- 8' and 5 "- 8" are wound on each of the rope drums 10, 10 '.
  • the Ropes 6 ', 6 “, 7', 8 'or 5', 5", 7 “, 8" respectively assigned to one of the rope drums 10, 10 'could also be referred to as a rope group, each of which is simultaneously operated by the respective rope drum 10, 10 'can be unwound or wound onto them.
  • the cable drums 10, 10 ' are driven synchronously by means of the drive arrangements. This prevents an undesired tilting of the load suspension device 9 during the lifting and lowering movement.
  • the vertical displacement directions 32 lie parallel to the vertical axis 60.
  • the longitudinal inclination of the load in particular of the at least one container 3, can be adjusted by individually driving the cable drums 10, 10'.
  • longitudinally inclined vehicles for example trucks, can easily be unloaded or loaded.
  • the container 3 is rotated in an opposite direction of rotation 47 about a transverse axis 62 of the container 3 or of the load-carrying device 9 by individually driving the cable drums 10, 10 ′ 4 and 6
  • Cross-displacement directions 31 shown as examples are aligned parallel to the transverse axis 62.
  • the transverse displacement directions 31 are shown lying on the transverse axis 62 in the figures.
  • each of the cables 5 '- 8' and 5 "- 8" on the load suspension device 9 is deflected by means of a deflection roller 13 which is rotatably mounted on the load suspension device 9.
  • the deflecting rollers 13 have a cable groove (not shown in more detail) for securely receiving a cable. For reasons of clarity, the drawing of the bearing of the deflection rollers 13 has been omitted in the figures.
  • the pulleys 13 for deflecting the cables 5 ', 5 “, 6', 6" are at least substantially aligned parallel to the end faces 44, ie that the plane of rotation of the respective deflection roller 13 for deflecting the cables 5 ', 5 “, 6', 6 "is aligned essentially parallel to the end faces 44.
  • the deflection rollers 13 for deflecting the cables 7 ', 7 “, 8', 8" are also at least substantially aligned parallel to the long sides 43, ie that the plane of rotation of the respective deflection roller 13 for deflecting the cables 7 ', 7 ", 8 ', 8 "is aligned substantially parallel to the long sides 43.
  • “at least essentially” means that the planes of rotation of the deflecting rollers 13 deviate by less than 10 °, preferably by less than 5 °, from the plane in which the long sides 43 and the end faces 44 lie.
  • the transport device 1 has four adjusting devices 11 for the relative adjustment of the load suspension device 9 relative to the trolley 4.
  • the adjusting devices 11, which could also be referred to as adjusting devices or fine positioning devices, are arranged on the trolley 4.
  • Each adjusting device 11 has an actuating element 12 which, in an operating state of the transport device 1, rigidly couples two of the cables 5 ', 5 "or 6', 6" or 7 ', 7 "or 8', 8" to one another .
  • the transport device 1 of the first exemplary embodiment has two different embodiments of adjusting devices 11, the respective peculiarities of which are discussed in detail below.
  • the cables 5 ', 5 “or 6', 6” or 7 ', 7 “or 8', 8" rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state by means of the actuating element 12 each form a pair of cables 5, 6, 7, and 8 If in the following a respective one of the pairs of cables 5 - 8 is mentioned, then the two cables 5 ', 5 “or 6', 6” or 7 ', 7, each rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state by means of the adjusting element 12 "or 8 ', 8" of the rope pair 5 - 8 meant.
  • the ropes 5 ′, 5 ′′ of the rope pair 5 or 6 ′, 6 ′′ of the rope pair 6 engaging on the same end face 43 form parallel in one direction seen on the long sides 43, in the respective cable strands extending between the deflection rollers 13 and the adjusting device 11, a crossing point 45.
  • the crossing point 45 is in FIGS 7 and 8 with regard to the pair of cables 5 shown therein and occurs in an analogous manner also with the pair of cables 6.
  • the ropes 7 ', 7 "of the rope pair 7 or 8', 8" of the rope pair 8 engaging on the same longitudinal side 43 also form, seen in a direction parallel to the end faces 43, at least in the respective ones between the deflection rollers 13 and the Adjustment device 11 extending rope strands a crossing point 45, which in the simplified representations of the 9 and 10 is drawn with regard to the pair of cables 7 shown therein and also occurs in the same way with the pair of cables 8.
  • a high stability of the cable shaft of the transport device 1 can be achieved.
  • the supporting structure of the trolley 4 has been omitted in order to make the cable drums 10, 10 'and adjusting devices 11 arranged on the trolley 4 more recognizable. Furthermore, in the Fig. 7-10 the trolley 4 and the load suspension device 9 have been omitted in order to clarify the functioning of the adjusting devices 11. Furthermore, it concerns the Fig. 7-10 2D views, in each of which only one of the cable pairs 5, 7 of the transport device 1 is shown.
  • the adjusting element 12 of the respective adjusting device 11 of the transport device 1 is in the operating state for acting on a respective cable end connection 14 of the two cables 5 ', 5 ", 6', 6", 7 ', 7 ", 8' and 8 rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state "movable relative to the trolley 4.
  • the movement of the actuating element 12 relative to the trolley 4 causes an immediate movement of both ropes 5 ', 5 ", 6', 6", 7 ', 7 ", 8' and 8" rigidly coupled to one another by means of the actuating element 12 in the operating state.
  • the movement possibilities in the displacement directions 28 or in the swivel directions 29 of the actuating elements 12 in a starting position of the respective adjusting device 11 are in the 3 to 6 . 7 and 9 each drawn as double arrows. In the 8 and 10 In contrast, an adjustment position of the adjustment device 11 is shown, in which a fine positioning of the load suspension device 9 or the container 3 was carried out by adjusting the respective adjusting element 12.
  • a rope section of the respective rope 5 '- 8' and 5 "- 8" in the exemplary embodiment runs tangentially to one of the rope drums 10, 10 '.
  • this cable section which extends from the cable drum 10, 10 'to the respective deflection roller 13, runs essentially vertically in the starting position of the adjusting devices 11, with respect to all directions.
  • the term “essentially vertical” means an angular deviation of the cable section extending from the deflection roller 13 to the respective cable drum 10, 10 ′ from the vertical of at most 10 °, preferably less than 5 °, particularly preferably less than 2 °, meant.
  • the rope sections of the rope pairs 5 and 7, which extend between the deflection roller 13 and the respective rope drums 10, 10 ' are aligned exactly vertically in the starting position, as is also preferred.
  • the actuator 12 of the in 7 and 8 The adjusting device 11 shown can be displaced relative to the trolley 4 in the mutually opposite displacement directions 28 for displacing the container 3 in the mutually opposite transverse displacement directions 31.
  • a bearing 40 which is only symbolically indicated in the figures, is arranged on the trolley 4 for the displaceable mounting of the actuating element 12.
  • the Transport device 1 of the first exemplary embodiment on the trolley 4 rotatably mounted rope pulleys 25 for deflecting the rope section of the ropes 5 ′, 5 ′′ each extending from the respective deflection roller 13 to the rope end connection 14.
  • the control element 12 of the adjustment device 11 is shown shifted to the right, cf. the in Fig. 8 shown arrow.
  • the cable end connections 14 of the cables 5 ′, 5 ′′ are also displaced to the right with the control element 12 due to their anchoring on the control element 12 and the rigid coupling to one another in the adjustment position.
  • the control element 12 is adjusted with regard to the load suspension device 9 or the container 3 is shifted to the left in the horizontal direction Fig. 8 an auxiliary line 34 is drawn, which the vertical course of the rope section of the rope 5 ", which is in the Fig. 7 shown starting position extends between the deflection roller 13 and the cable drum 10, indicates.
  • the position of the container 3 in the starting position is also in Fig. 8 indicated in dashed lines.
  • the adjusting element 12 has an adjusting drum 16 which is rotatably mounted on the trolley 4.
  • the two cables 7 ', 7 "of the cable pair 7, which are rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state by means of the adjusting element 12, can be wound on the adjusting drum 16 9 and 10 clearly visible rope end connections 14 of the ropes 7 ', 7 "are anchored directly to the adjusting drum 16.
  • auxiliary line 34 which is analogous to FIG Fig. 8 symbolizes the vertical or the course of the rope section of the rope 7 extending from the deflection roller 13 to the rope drum 10 'in the starting position.
  • the starting position of the container 3 is again indicated by dashed lines.
  • the two versions of the in 7 and 8 or 8 and 9, schematically illustrated adjusting devices 11 in the operating state of the transport device 1, provide that the distance between the cable end connections 14 acting on the actuating element 12 does not change between the starting position and the adjusting position, ie is fixed. In other words, in the operating state there is no relative movement between the cable end connection 14 of the cables 5 ', 5 ", 6', 6", 7 ', 7 ", 8' and 8" rigidly coupled to each other at the respective actuating element 12.
  • the transport device 1 With the transport device 1, it is thus possible overall to load the lifting device 9 or the container 3 in three mutually independent translation directions, i.e. to shift the longitudinal displacement directions 30 aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis 61, the transverse displacement directions 31 aligned parallel to the transverse axis 62 and the vertical displacement directions 32 aligned parallel to the vertical axis 60 and additionally a rotation of the load suspension device 9 of the container 3 in the directions of rotation 47 about the transverse axis 62 of the container 3 or to implement the load suspension device 9 and in the directions of rotation 46 about the vertical axis 60 of the container 3 or the load suspension device 9.
  • three mutually independent translation directions i.e. to shift the longitudinal displacement directions 30 aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis 61, the transverse displacement directions 31 aligned parallel to the transverse axis 62 and the vertical displacement directions 32 aligned parallel to the vertical axis 60 and additionally a rotation of the load suspension device 9 of the container 3 in the directions of rotation 47 about the transverse
  • a rotation of the container 3 or the load suspension device 9 about the longitudinal axis 61 of the container 3 or the load suspension device 9 is also desired, this could be achieved by providing four independently operable cable drums. Transferred to the first embodiment of the transport device could e.g. the ropes 6 "and 7 ', as well as the ropes 6' and 8 ', and the ropes 5" and 8 ", and the ropes 5' and 7", can each be wound on a separate, individually drivable rope drum.
  • the movement of the adjusting element 12 of the adjusting devices 11 can be realized in further different ways. Possible modifications of the first and second embodiment of the adjusting devices 11 of the first exemplary embodiment are discussed below. For this, the 7 and 8 or 9 and 10 and the rope pairs 5 and 7 shown therein are used as the starting point for the explanations.
  • the structural design of the trolley 4 and the load suspension device 9 of the transport device 1 essentially corresponds to the transport device 1 of the first exemplary embodiment in all the modification forms to be explained.
  • the main differences are compared to those in FIGS 7 and 8 illustrated first embodiment of the adjusting device 11 or in the 9 and 10 shown second embodiment of the adjusting device of the first embodiment of the transport device. Apart from the differences listed below, the explanations for the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1 and those in FIGS 7 and 8 and 9 and 10 illustrated embodiments of the adjusting device 11 also in the modification forms of the adjusting devices 11 of the first exemplary embodiment to be explained.
  • the adjusting device 11 shown is equally provided that the adjusting element 12 has anchoring points at which the rope end connections 14 of the ropes 5 ', 5 "of the rope pair 5 that are rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state are anchored.
  • the trolley 4 is analogous to that in FIG 7 and 8 Exemplary embodiment shown pulleys 25 for deflecting the cables 5 ', 5 "arranged on the trolley 4.
  • the actuating element 12 of the first modification of the adjusting device 11 is, however, different from that in FIG 7 and 8 shown actuator 12 pivotally mounted on the trolley 4.
  • the adjusting element 12 is thus designed like a lever and can be pivoted about a bearing 40 of the trolley 4, which forms a pivot axis of the adjusting element 12.
  • the pivot directions 29 of the pivotably mounted actuating element 12 are drawn in to illustrate the possibilities of movement of the actuating element 12.
  • a pivoting of the actuating element 12 leads to an action or synchronous displacement of the rope end connections 14 of the ropes 5 ', 5 "of the rope pair 5, cf.
  • Fig. 12 Shown adjustment position, in which the control element 12 is shown pivoted, for example, clockwise around the bearing 40.
  • the auxiliary line 34 in turn illustrates the change in the course of the ropes 5 ', 5 "compared to the starting position.
  • the rope forces of the ropes 5', 5" rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state rise at least partially, preferably completely, in the starting position on.
  • the shown second modification of the adjusting device 11 provides that the adjusting element 12 of the adjusting device 11 can be displaced relative to the trolley 4.
  • the actuating element 12 has anchoring points at which the cable end connections 14 of the cables 7 ', 7 "rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state are anchored.
  • the adjusting element 12 of the adjusting device 11 of the second modification form can be displaced relative to the trolley along the sliding directions 28, cf. Fig. 13 ,
  • the actuating element 12 is supported on two bearings 40 of the trolley 4, not shown separately in the figures.
  • the respective cable 7 ′, 7 ′′ is deflected on the deflection roller 13 of the load suspension device Fig. 14 the adjustment position is again shown, in which the actuating element 12 starting from the in Fig. 13 shown starting position is shown shifted to the left. This in turn establishes a new state of equilibrium of the transport device 1, the container 3 also being shown shifted to the left.
  • third or fourth modification of the adjusting device 11 is provided in each case that a respective rope end connector 41 of the ropes 5 ', 5 "is anchored to a rope fixing point 42 arranged on the trolley 4 of the trolley 4. That means that each of the cable drum 10 remote end of the cables 5 ', 5 "acts directly on the trolley 4, not shown separately.
  • the third and fourth modification of the adjusting device 11 shown are each further provided that deflecting rollers 17 which are rotatably mounted on the actuating element 12 of the adjusting devices 11 are arranged to act on the rope deflection points 15 of the ropes 5 ′, 5 ′′ rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state.
  • the exemplary third modification of the adjusting device 11 shown is such that the deflection rollers 17 deflect the rope sections of the ropes 5 ′, 5 ′′, which each extend from the deflection roller 13 to the rope fixing point 42 on the trolley 4, cf. 15 and 16 ,
  • the adjusting element 12 is in turn analogous to that in FIG 7 and 8 illustrated embodiment displaceable relative to the trolley 4. Due to the deflection of the cables 5 ', 5 "on the deflection rollers 17 around a respective cable deflection point 15 of the cables 5', 5", the cables 5 ', 5 “are rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state via the actuating element 12.
  • the adjusting element 12 can be displaced in the displacement directions 28 by means of a drive, not shown, relative to the trolley 4.
  • the adjusting element 12 acts to adjust the load suspension device 9 on the cable section of the cables 5 ', 5 "of the cable pair 5, which extends from the deflection pulleys 13 to the cable end connections 41 of the cables 5', 5".
  • Fig. 16 an example of an adjustment position of the third modification is again shown, in which the actuating element 12 is shown shifted to the left from the starting position.
  • the container 3 is also shown shifted to the left in relation to the starting position.
  • the dashed line in the area of the container 3 in turn illustrates the in Fig. 15 shown starting position for comparison.
  • the change in the course of the ropes 5 ', 5 "is again using the in Fig. 16 drawn auxiliary line 34 illustrates, which in turn illustrates the vertical course of the rope section of the rope 5 "extending between the deflection roller 13 and the rope drum 10 'in the starting position.
  • the adjustment device 11 in contrast to the third modification, in the exemplary fourth modification the adjustment device 11 according to FIG 17 and 18 It is provided that the actuating element 12 acts on the rope section of the ropes 5 ', 5 "of the rope pair 5, which extends from the rope drum 10 to the deflecting rollers 13.
  • the adjusting element 12 has four deflecting rollers 17 rotatably mounted on the adjusting element 12 , which allow the actuating element 12 to act on the cables 5 ′, 5 ′′ in the two displacement directions 28.
  • Fig. 18 an example of an adjustment position is again shown, in which the actuating element 12 is shown shifted to the left and two of the deflection rollers 17 act on the cables 5 ', 5 ".
  • the possible modification forms of the adjusting devices 11 of the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1 explained above are only a selection of numerous other possible modification forms.
  • the modification forms shown could be used instead of the embodiments of the adjustment devices 11 shown in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the transport device according to the invention in one possible embodiment could have identical adjusting devices. It would also be possible to combine the embodiments or modification forms of the adjusting devices, explained in more detail by way of example, on a transport device in any manner.
  • a fifth exemplary modification of an adjusting device 11 is shown.
  • the fifth modification has numerous similarities to that in the 9 and 10 Second embodiment of the adjusting device 11 according to the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1 shown in detail.
  • the fifth modification of the adjusting device 11 could, for example, be used instead of the adjusting devices 11 arranged on the trolley 4 in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the adjusting device 11 In the 19 to 21 is only the pair of cables 7 of the transport device, in analogy to the 9 and 10 , shown. It is the adjusting device 11 according to the 19 to 21 a modification of the adjusting device 11 of the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1, which has an adjusting drum 16.
  • the explanations for this fifth variant mainly refer to the differences from the second embodiment of the adjusting device 11 of the first exemplary embodiment. Apart from the differences listed below, the explanations for the first exemplary embodiment, and in particular the explanations for the second embodiment of the adjusting device 11 of the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1, also apply to the fifth modification of the adjusting device 11.
  • the adjusting element 12 of the adjusting device 11 has an overload safety device 18 to avoid force peaks of the rope forces in the ropes 7 ′, 7 ′′ in an overload state of the transport device 1. That is, the rigid coupling is in the overload state the ropes 7 ', 7 "can be at least temporarily canceled or canceled.
  • the adjustment drum 16 in the fifth modification has two adjustment drum halves 16 ′, 16 ′′ that can be rotated relative to one another, each of which has one the cables 7 ', 7 "rigidly coupled to one another in the operating state are wound up.
  • the cable end connections of the respective cables 7', 7" are shown in FIGS 19 to 21 not shown separately, but can be designed in an analogous manner to that of the second embodiment of the adjusting device 11 of the first embodiment.
  • the overload protection device 18 has a brake 39 which rigidly couples the adjusting drum halves 16 ', 16 "to one another in the operating state.
  • each of the adjusting drum halves 16', 16" is non-rotatable with the respective adjusting drum half 16 , 16 'connected or integrally formed bevel gear 38', 38 ".
  • a bevel pinion 37 is non-rotatably connected to a braked component of the brake 39, which is in permanent engagement with the bevel gears 38 ', 38".
  • Fig. 19 the possible directions of rotation 16 of the bevel pinion 37 are shown.
  • the braking force with which the braked component of the brake 39, which is not specified in more detail, is braked, can advantageously be set. If the predetermined braking force, which can also be referred to as the limit force, is exceeded, the adjusting drum halves 16 ′, 16 ′′ can be rotated relative to one another.
  • Fig. 19 the starting position of the adjusting device 11 is shown.
  • the entire adjusting device 11 can be pivoted about the pivoting directions 29 relative to the trolley 4, not shown, about the drum axis of the adjusting drum 16, which is not shown in detail.
  • the drive for pivoting the entire adjusting device 11 is in the 19 to 21 not shown, but could be designed analogously to the second embodiment of the adjusting device 11.
  • Fig. 20 the adjustment position is shown in which a rotation axis 35 of the bevel pinion 37 or the brake 39 is pivoted about the drum axis.
  • an auxiliary line 55 is entered for this purpose, which shows the position of the axis of rotation 35 in the starting position of the brake or the bevel pinion 37 clarified.
  • the cables 7 ', 7 are rigidly mechanically coupled in the operating state, since the relative rotation of the adjusting drum halves 16', 16" is blocked by the bevel pinion 37 which engages in the bevel gears 38 ', 38 ".
  • the bevel pinion 37 thus prevents a relative rotation of the two adjusting drum halves 16 ', 16 ", which are pivoted for adjusting the container 3 in the same direction and at the same time as in FIG Fig. 20 is represented by the arrows.
  • the rope 7 ' is in the Fig. 20 illustrated adjustment position compared to the starting position of the adjustment device 11 partially unwound and the rope 7 "coiled more according to the amount of rotation of the adjustment drum 16.
  • auxiliary line 34 is again drawn in, which indicates the vertical course of the cable section of the cable 7 "between the cable drum 10 'and the deflection roller 13 in the initial state.
  • Fig. 21 the state of the transport device 1 is shown in which an overload has been applied to the load suspension device 9 or the container 3.
  • This overload condition can occur, for example, as a result of the container 3 tilting in the guides of a ship when the waves are swell.
  • Fig. 21 the position of the container 3 in the starting position of the adjusting device 11 is corresponding Fig. 19 indicated by dashed lines. If an overload occurs, the braking force set on the brake 39 is exceeded, thereby allowing the two adjusting drum halves 16, 16 'to rotate relative to one another. The rigid coupling of the ropes 7 ', 7 "is thus released in the overload state, the extent of the relative rotation of the adjusting drums 16 relative to the trolley 4 being coupled via the bevel pinion 37 and thus both ropes 7', 7" to the same extent from the adjusting drum 16 are processed.
  • the direction of rotation of the bevel pinion 37 and the directions of rotation of the adjusting drum halves 16 ', 16 are indicated by arrows for clarification.
  • the relative rotation of the adjusting drum halves 16', 16" coupled via the bevel pinion 37 in the overload state results in a identical measure of the extension of the two ropes 7 ', 7 ", as also in Fig. 21 is shown.
  • the overload protection can make the cable tower flexible. Damage to structural components of the crane when force peaks occur in the ropes can thereby be avoided, as has already been explained at the beginning.
  • the adjusting drum halves 16', 16" can be reset by means of a return drive which is arranged, for example, on the brake 39.
  • a return drive which is arranged, for example, on the brake 39.
  • the sixth modification form of the adjusting device 11 has numerous similarities to the first embodiment of the adjusting device 11 of the first exemplary embodiment of the transport device 1, which is why the explanations for the particular embodiments are shown in detail 7 and 8 referred to the first embodiment. These explanations essentially also apply to that in the 22 to 25 illustrated embodiment in a corresponding manner.
  • the control element 12 has an overload safety device 18, which comprises a hydraulic arrangement with a hydraulic cylinder 19 and two pistons 20 ', 20 "which are displaceably mounted in the hydraulic cylinder 19.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 19 is connected to that shown in FIGS 22 to 25 Trolley 4, not shown, arranged stationary.
  • the end connections 14 of the cables 5 ', 5 are anchored to one of the pistons 20', 20", cf. Fig. 22 ,
  • the piston 20 ', 20 “comprises the cylindrical piston plate and the piston rod adjoining the piston plate.
  • the two cables 5 ', 5 are rigidly coupled to one another via the hydraulics, ie the pistons 20', 20" are not displaceable relative to one another in the operating state.
  • the setting element 12 rigidly hydraulically coupling the two cables 5 ', 5 "to one another in the operating state.
  • the two pistons 20', 20" are moved synchronously for fine positioning by means of the hydraulic arrangement. In other words, the pistons 20 ′, 20 ′′ always move in synchronism in the operating state Fig.
  • the adjustment position of the operating state of the transport device 1 shown corresponds to the distance between the two cable end connections 14 of the cables 5 ', 5''and thus the distance between the two cable end connections 14 of the cables 5', 5 'in FIG Fig. 22 illustrated, starting position.
  • Fig. 25 is an example for realizing the rigid hydraulic coupling of the cables 5 ', 5 ".
  • the internal volume of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is divided by the pistons 20', 20" into three partial volumes, namely a first annular space 52 'of the piston rod of the piston 20 'is bounded on the inside and a second annular space 52 "which is bounded on the inside by the piston rod of the piston 20".
  • the third partial volume with the intermediate space 53 is arranged between the piston plates of the pistons 20 ', 20 ".
  • the intermediate space 53 is connected in a fluid-conducting manner to a tank 50 of the hydraulic system by means of a suction line 56.
  • the two annular spaces 52 ′, 52 ′′ are connected to one another in a fluid-conducting manner by means of two hydraulic pumps 49, each of the hydraulic pumps 49 each having a conveying direction which is indicated by the arrow head.
  • the check valves which are arranged in the region of the hydraulic pumps 49 are unspecified If the hydraulic pumps 49 are at a standstill, the hydraulic lines connecting the two annular spaces 52 ', 52 "in a fluid-conducting manner are blocked.
  • hydraulic fluid can be shifted from one of the annular spaces 52 ', 52 "into the other of the two annular spaces 52', 52".
  • the hydraulic system has two adjustable pressure relief valves 48.
  • a limit force can be set by means of the pressure relief valves 48, at which an overflow of the pressure relief valve 48 takes place.
  • the term limit force here refers to the rope force exerted on the respective piston 20 ', 20 "by means of the rope 5', 5".
  • the limiting force is set by setting a limiting pressure in the respective pressure relief valve 48 of the hydraulic system.
  • each of the annular spaces 52 ', 52 is fluidly connected to the tank 50 via one of the pressure relief valves 48.
  • the annular spaces 52 ′, 52 ′′ which are at least partially emptied after the overload condition has occurred can be refilled via the connections 51, for example by means of a separate pump or integrated into the hydraulic system.
  • the action on the ropes coupled by means of the pistons for fine positioning could be realized in that the hydraulic cylinder with the pistons on the trolley is displaceably supported by the hydraulic cylinder as a whole relative to the trolley is moved.
  • the rigid coupling of the ropes in the operating state then takes place mechanically, in particular by means of the rigid hydraulic cylinder and via the rigid hydraulic coupling of the pistons.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
EP18181202.5A 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Dispositif de transport Withdrawn EP3590881A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18181202.5A EP3590881A1 (fr) 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Dispositif de transport

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18181202.5A EP3590881A1 (fr) 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Dispositif de transport

Publications (1)

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EP3590881A1 true EP3590881A1 (fr) 2020-01-08

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EP18181202.5A Withdrawn EP3590881A1 (fr) 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 Dispositif de transport

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EP (1) EP3590881A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111485548A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2020-08-04 中国一冶集团有限公司 一种新型人工挖孔桩施工用泥土提升设备及其施工方法
CN111532959A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-14 张勇 一种防摇摆防震电磁吊起重机
CN117163829A (zh) * 2023-11-02 2023-12-05 诺尔起重机有限公司 一种高稳定性双轨组合式轻型起重机

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3241380A1 (de) * 1981-11-11 1983-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Steuervorrichtung fuer ein krangehaeuse
DE202006000490U1 (de) 2006-01-12 2006-04-27 Hans Künz GmbH Hebeeinrichtung
WO2010061645A1 (fr) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-03 三井造船株式会社 Structure de passage des câbles pour grue
WO2013145963A1 (fr) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 三井造船株式会社 Dispositif anti-balancement pour grue
AT516981A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2016-10-15 Hans Künz GmbH Transporteinrichtung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3241380A1 (de) * 1981-11-11 1983-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo Steuervorrichtung fuer ein krangehaeuse
DE202006000490U1 (de) 2006-01-12 2006-04-27 Hans Künz GmbH Hebeeinrichtung
WO2010061645A1 (fr) * 2008-11-26 2010-06-03 三井造船株式会社 Structure de passage des câbles pour grue
WO2013145963A1 (fr) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 三井造船株式会社 Dispositif anti-balancement pour grue
AT516981A1 (de) 2015-04-08 2016-10-15 Hans Künz GmbH Transporteinrichtung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111485548A (zh) * 2020-04-17 2020-08-04 中国一冶集团有限公司 一种新型人工挖孔桩施工用泥土提升设备及其施工方法
CN111532959A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-08-14 张勇 一种防摇摆防震电磁吊起重机
CN117163829A (zh) * 2023-11-02 2023-12-05 诺尔起重机有限公司 一种高稳定性双轨组合式轻型起重机
CN117163829B (zh) * 2023-11-02 2024-02-06 诺尔起重机有限公司 一种高稳定性双轨组合式轻型起重机

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