EP3584641B1 - Selbststartende und gesicherte chronometerhemmung für uhren - Google Patents

Selbststartende und gesicherte chronometerhemmung für uhren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3584641B1
EP3584641B1 EP19168753.2A EP19168753A EP3584641B1 EP 3584641 B1 EP3584641 B1 EP 3584641B1 EP 19168753 A EP19168753 A EP 19168753A EP 3584641 B1 EP3584641 B1 EP 3584641B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
escapement
horological
mobile body
impulse
movement
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EP19168753.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3584641A1 (de
Inventor
Ilan Vardi
Simon Henein
Olivier Mathez
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Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA
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Manufacture dHorlogerie Audemars Piguet SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B43/00—Protecting clockworks by shields or other means against external influences, e.g. magnetic fields
    • G04B43/002—Component shock protection arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a watch escapement of the detent type as well as a watch movement and a timepiece, in particular a mechanical watch, comprising such an escapement. More particularly, the present invention relates to a watch escapement with detent adapted to be integrated into a watch movement and arranged to transmit a torque originating from a source of energy of said watch movement to an oscillating regulator member of said watch movement, the regulator member of the watch movement comprising a first mobile and the escapement comprising a second mobile as well as an escape wheel, said first mobile cooperating with said second mobile while being capable of immobilizing the second mobile in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first and a second stop against which the said second mobile comes to rest, the said escape wheel being arranged so as to transmit, during a half-phase of each oscillation of the regulator member, a torque to said regulator member through a direct impulse.
  • the escapement being one of the centerpieces of a watch movement, there are a large number of different types of watch escapements.
  • the family of permanent contact escapements in which the oscillating regulator of the movement, the balance, is constantly in contact with a part of the escapement and the family of free escapements in which the balance has no contact with the escapement except during disengagement and impulse.
  • this family includes the Swiss lever escapement which represents the vast majority of horological escapements currently used in wristwatches having a mechanical movement.
  • Those skilled in the art are fully aware of the components as well as the operation of this type of exhaust which is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1a, which is why the structure, the operation and the corresponding nomenclature will not be repeated at this point.
  • a Swiss lever escapement is usually fitted with a part called “dard” g in order to avoid what is known in watchmaking under the name “reversal” of the anchor. c which results in the immediate stopping of the balance, respectively of the corresponding timepiece.
  • a reversal of the anchor of such an escapement can occur during certain phases of its operation, namely while the balance wheel traverses its additional arc and the anchor c is positioned against one or the other.
  • limit stops e for example following an impact which moves the anchor c from its target position and brings it prematurely against the other limit stop e, so that the pin t of the large plate i of the balance wheel will no longer meet the entrance but accidentally encounter the reverse of one of the two horns of the fork f of the anchor c, resulting in the immediate stopping of the balance.
  • a dart g which is a small metal pin fixed in the stud at the end of the fork f of the lever escapement, avoids this problem because the dart g works with the small one. plate h carried by the axis of the balance j and prevents accidental movements of the fork f during the additional arc of oscillation of the balance. Because of these geometric constraints, a Swiss lever escapement is fairly well secured against shocks and is particularly suitable for use in wristwatches.
  • the family of free exhausts also includes the so-called detent escapement which is illustrated schematically on figure 1b and which is considered to be the best escapement from a chronometric point of view.
  • detent escapement which is illustrated schematically on figure 1b and which is considered to be the best escapement from a chronometric point of view.
  • the principles of a detent escapement having been known for a long time, they will not be repeated here either, but - in order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention as well as of its context - it is recalled that it is a question of 'a direct-impulse escapement, unlike the Swiss lever escapement mentioned above which belongs to the family of indirect impulse escapements in which the impulse is transmitted from the escape wheel to the balance via the intermediary of the 'anchor.
  • a detent escapement in short, the teeth of an escape wheel f rest on a stone called rest a and carried by a spring called detent b, an extension of which is in the field of action of a paddle release c, the latter operating the release of the escape wheel at each oscillation of the balance, so that one tooth of the escape wheel f leaves the rest a and another of its teeth, acting on the pallet impulse e carried by the large plate d, gives impetus to the balance.
  • the impulse is therefore transmitted directly by the escape wheel to the balance, which results in a number of advantages.
  • the detent escapement has what a person skilled in the art knows under the name "lost blow", that is to say a half-oscillation without impulse.
  • a direct-impulse escapement also has (b) better efficiency because of the direct transmission of the impulse from the escapement wheel to the balance, without passing through an additional component such as the anchor which drives loss of efficiency.
  • (c) by virtue of the fact that the impulse takes place along a direction which is orthogonal to the line connecting the centers of the escape wheel and the balance as well as to the absence of an impulse transmitted at the level of the anchor, the friction during the impulse as well as the risk of bracing are reduced, which makes it possible to eliminate the need for lubrication.
  • the detent escapement has a major drawback, namely that it is not geometrically constrained to minimize the effect of shocks. So much so that the detent escapement has been used for about two centuries, especially in marine chronometers, the freedom afforded to the oscillating regulator by the detent escapement means that it cannot be used as is. in wristwatches.
  • the Robin exhaust shown in figure 1c has the advantages (a) to (d) mentioned above of the detent escapement, it should be noted that its anchor is not sufficiently constrained, so that the Robin escapement is not secure in the event of impact and therefore not suitable as is for use in wristwatches.
  • an untimely stopping of the corresponding movement can result in the total stopping over a long period of time of a watch equipped with such an escapement, since there are situations where an automatic restart, that is to say exclusively under the effect of the torque of the escape wheel without external excitation, any stray escapement such as the Robin exhaust is impossible.
  • this specific locking device replaces the conventional dart cooperating with a notch in the small plate of the balance, in short, by a modified dart 2.2 on its end oriented towards the balance where it has a finger 2.2.3 able to cooperate with a skirt 1.2 .1 mounted on a circular plate 1.2 of the balance and having internal 1.2.1.1 and external 1.2.1.2 walls, said skirt 1.2.1 having a notch 1.2.1.3 arranged to be traversed by said finger 2.2.3.
  • the applicant for the present patent application has further improved the securing against shocks. of a Robin type exhaust in the year 2016, as described in detail in the patent application CH 712 288 and shown at the figure 1e .
  • the improvement consists in integrating into said specific locking device, that is to say in the modified dart which lends itself to use in a Robin type escapement, a securing and guiding surface arranged and positioned so as to prevent the anchor from returning, following an untimely movement, on the path of the escape wheel.
  • the AP exhaust shown in figure 1d has, just like its improved variant as well as the Robin escapement, the advantages (a) to (d) mentioned above of the detent escapement and, in particular, does not need lubrication, it should be noted that 'it has the disadvantages of the Robin escapement which are independent of the protection against shocks, in particular that self-starting after running out of fuel when the barrel spring has been completely discharged is not always ensured.
  • the main difference of the coaxial escapement compared to the double radial impulse escapement consists in the introduction, on the escape wheel, of a second level of teeth concentric with the usual teeth of the escape wheel, d 'where the name "coaxial".
  • the inner row of teeth of the escape wheel is only present to facilitate the geometry of the indirect impulse, other than that, the operation of the coaxial escapement is the same as the double radial impulse escapement, This is why the coaxial exhaust can also be considered a Robin type exhaust.
  • the anchor arms can again have a geometry that allows the inlet and outlet vanes to be orthogonal to the circle of the escape wheel, so that the geometry of the coaxial escapement arms is no longer detrimental to clearance.
  • the aim of the present invention is to remedy, at least partially, the drawbacks mentioned above and to provide a detent escapement, preferably a Robin-type exhaust and particularly preferably an exhaust of the type described.
  • a detent escapement preferably a Robin-type exhaust and particularly preferably an exhaust of the type described.
  • EP 1 122 617 respectively in the patent application CH 712 288
  • the solution should be suitable for integration into a Robin-type exhaust but should allow its use also in other similar watch mechanisms.
  • Another object of the present invention is to produce a horological movement as well as a timepiece comprising such an escapement.
  • the present invention provides an escapement of the aforementioned type which is distinguished by the characteristics set out in claim 1.
  • the second mobile of the proposed escapement comprises an indirect impulse means arranged and positioned so as to be , during the entire oscillation of the regulator during normal operation of the exhaust, out of contact with the escapement wheel, while being liable to come into contact, during the other half-phase of each oscillation of the regulator member during which the escape wheel does not transmit torque to the regulator member by means of a direct impulse, with the escape wheel, in order to transmit a torque to said regulator member of the watch movement by means of an indirect pulse, via the second mobile, following an untimely movement or an untimely stopping of the watch movement.
  • the energy source is formed by a barrel spring and the regulating member is formed by a balance, said first mobile is formed by a plate carried by an axis of the balance and said second mobile is formed by an anchor, and said indirect impulse means is formed by an indirect impulse vane located substantially near the pivot axis of the anchor.
  • the escape wheel has a number of teeth in the range from 13 to 19.
  • the exhaust has the advantages of a detent escapement mentioned above, but does not present the problem of self-starting.
  • stray escapements given that said indirect impulse paddle comes into contact, following an untimely movement or an untimely stopping of the watch movement and during the half-phase of the oscillation of the balance during which the wheel d
  • the escapement does not transmit torque to the balance via a direct impulse, with the escape wheel, and transmits torque to the balance via an indirect impulse via the anchor.
  • the present invention relates to an escapement intended to be integrated into a timepiece, preferably in a wristwatch.
  • timepiece preferably in a wristwatch.
  • an escapement according to the present invention is a direct-impulse escapement, in particular an escapement of the Robin type, and the invention is, in a particularly preferred manner, carried out in an escapement as described in the European patent.
  • EP 1 122 617 respectively in the patent application CH 712 288 . So that the remainder of the description will only set out in detail the case of the integration of the invention into an escapement as described in the European patent.
  • EP 1 122 617 a use of the invention in combination with other types of exhausts is possible and the following explanations extend by analogy to any type of detent exhaust, that is to say to any type of exhaust with direct impulse, as well as various types of lever escapements.
  • the figure 1d is a top view of an exhaust according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 which makes it easy to understand its structure.
  • This escapement comprises, in generic terms, a first mobile 1 and a second mobile 2.
  • the first mobile 1 rotates around an axis 1.1 and is capable of immobilizing the second mobile 2 in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first - and a second stop 4.1, 4.2 against which the said second mobile 2 comes to rest.
  • the first mobile 1 is formed by a plate, respectively by a circular plate 1.2 surrounded by a skirt 1.2.1 having internal walls 1.2. 1.1 and external 1.2.1.2, said skirt 1.2.1 having a notch 1.2.1.3 arranged to be crossed by a finger 2.2.3 fixed on the second mobile 2.
  • the second mobile 2 may, as explained in more detail in the European patent EP 1 122 617 to which reference is made with respect to this point, be provided with a rectilinear movement, so that its finger 2.2.3 always moves radially to the first rotating mobile unit 1, this configuration not being illustrated in the figures, or be equipped with an angular movement while being articulated around a pivot center 2.1, the pivot center 2.1 being chosen so that its finger 2.2.3 also moves substantially radially to the first rotating mobile device 1 when it passes through the notch 1.2 .1.3 of said skirt 1.2.1.
  • the second mobile 2 is immobilized in the first position when it is resting on the first stop 4.1 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoins the internal wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 and it is is immobilized in the second position when it is resting on the second stop 4.2 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoins the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of said skirt 1.2.1.
  • EP 1 122 617 For other structural details of this device, reference is made to the European patent EP 1 122 617 .
  • the balance 1 is not illustrated in full, but represented by the small circular plate 1.2 surrounded by the skirt 1.2.1 which is coaxially secured to the axis 1.1 of the balance 1, the latter still carrying the large plate which does not is not illustrated in the figures, which is also coaxially integral with the axis 1.1 and which is equipped with a direct impulse pallet 1.3 as well as an ankle 1.4.
  • the anchor 2 pivotally mounted around the pivoting center 2.1 has a stinger 2.2 as described in the European patent EP 1 122 617 carrying said finger 2.2.3 of the anchor 2, a fork 2.3 cooperating with said peg 1.4, as well as an inlet rest pallet 2.4 and an outlet pallet 2.5 cooperating in a well-known manner in the a person skilled in the art with the escape wheel 3.
  • the latter also cooperates with said direct impulse pallet 1.3 in order to directly transmit an impulse to the balance 1.
  • the nomenclature used above and the usual function of these parts in an escapement anchor are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the figure 2a shows a Robin-type escapement fitted with the locking device according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 , seen from above, during the phase commonly called "entry clearance" where a tooth of the escape wheel 3 rests on the entry rest pallet 2.4 of the anchor 2, so that the escape wheel 3 cannot turn .
  • Balance 1 is at the start of its anti-clockwise half-oscillation, seen from above according to the figure 2a , the peg 1.4 on its large plate starting to engage the fork 2.3 of the anchor 2 in order to push the latter, which was immobilized in the first position because it rests on the first stop 4.1 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoining the wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small balance plate 1, so as to release the inlet rest pallet 2.4 of the anchor 2 from the tooth of the escape wheel 3 resting on it.
  • the figure 2b shows the escapement, again seen from above, during the phase called "drop in momentum" where the pin 1.4 on the large balance plate 1 has pushed the anchor 2 far enough so that the tooth of the wheel escapement 3 having previously rested on the inlet rest pallet 2.4 of anchor 2 is released, so that the escape wheel 3 rotates, under the effect of the driving force of the spring of the barrel transmitted clockwise by the cog of the corresponding timepiece, always seen from above.
  • the figure 2c shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "impulse” where the escape wheel 3 has rotated, under the effect of the driving force of the barrel spring, up to the point where one of its teeth touches the direct impulse paddle 1.3 attached to the large plate of balance 1, so as to directly transmit an impulse to balance 1 in order to maintain its oscillation.
  • the peg 1.4 on the large balance plate 1 continues to push the anchor 2 clockwise.
  • the figure 2d shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "entry drop” where anchor 2 has turned clockwise enough for the outlet rest pallet 2.5 of anchor 2 to have entered the trajectory of the teeth of the escape wheel 3. The latter then continues its rotation until one of its teeth engages with said output rest pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2, the escape wheel 3 being then stopped again, while the balance 1 and the anchor 2 continue their anti-clockwise half-oscillation, respectively clockwise pivoting, seen from above.
  • the figure 2e shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "entry lost path" where the escape wheel 3 is actually stopped, one of its teeth resting on the output rest pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2 , while the balance 1 and the anchor 2 still continue their anti-clockwise half-oscillation, respectively clockwise pivoting, seen from above.
  • the figures 2f shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called “exit rest” where the escape wheel 3 is still stopped by the exit rest pallet 2.5 of anchor 2, the latter now being immobilized in the second position because resting on the second stop 4.2 and its finger 2.2.3 adjacent to the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1.
  • the balance 1 in turn is in the neutral position of its anti-clockwise half-swing.
  • the figure 2g shows the exhaust, seen from above, during the phase called "exit release” where, at the start of this stage of operation, a escape wheel tooth 3 rests on the inlet rest pallet 2.4 of anchor 2, so that escape wheel 3 cannot yet turn.
  • the balance 1 is at the start of its clockwise half-oscillation, seen from above according to the figure 2g , the peg 1.4 on its large plate starting to engage the fork 2.3 of the anchor 2 in the other direction in order to push the latter, which was - as mentioned above - immobilized in the second position because it was resting on the second stop 4.2 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoining the outer wall 1.2.1.2 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small balance plate 1, in an anti-clockwise direction, seen from above, so as to release the output rest pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2 of the tooth of the escape wheel 3 resting on it.
  • the figure 2h shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "exit fall” where the pin 1.4 on the large balance plate 1 has pushed the anchor 2 far enough so that the tooth of the escape wheel 3 having previously resting on the output rest pallet 2.5 of the anchor 2 is released, so that the escape wheel 3 turns, under the effect of the driving force of the spring of the barrel transmitted by the gear train.
  • the corresponding timepiece, clockwise seen from above.
  • the balance 1 continues its half-oscillation clockwise and the peg 1.4 on the large plate of the balance 1 continues to push the anchor 2 anti-clockwise, so that the rest pallet input 2.4 of anchor 2 re-enters the path of the teeth of escape wheel 3.
  • escape wheel 3 does not transmits no impulse to the balance wheel 1, because the direct impulse pallet 1.3 is arranged and placed in such a way on the large plate that it is not touched by the teeth of the escape wheel 3 when the balance wheel 1 performs its half-oscillation clockwise.
  • the figure 2i shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "lost exit path" where the escape wheel 3 is actually stopped, one of its teeth resting on the inlet rest pallet 2.4 of the anchor 2 , while the balance 1 and the anchor 2 still continue their clockwise half-oscillation, respectively the anti-clockwise pivoting, seen from above.
  • the figure 2j shows the escapement, seen from above, during the phase called "entry rest” where the escape wheel 3 is still stopped by the inlet rest pallet 2.4 of the anchor 2, the latter being again immobilized in the first position because resting on the first stop 4.1 and its finger 2.2.3 adjoining the internal wall 1.2.1.1 of the skirt 1.2.1 of the small plate of the balance 1.
  • the balance 1 in turn is at the point dead of its clockwise half-oscillation, ready to start a new oscillation cycle, so that the above-described steps are repeated.
  • the figure 3 shows a schematic top view of an exhaust according to the present invention. It emerges that, in generic terms, such an escapement is suitable for being integrated into a watch movement and arranged to transmit a torque originating from an energy source of said watch movement to an oscillating regulator member of said watch movement, the member regulator of the watch movement comprising a first mobile 1 and the escapement comprising a second mobile 2 as well as an escape wheel 3.
  • the first mobile 1 cooperates with the second mobile 2 while being capable of immobilizing the second mobile 2 in a first or a second position defined respectively by a first and a second stop 4.1, 4.2 against which the said second mobile 2 comes to rest 2.
  • the escape wheel 3 is arranged so as to transmit, during a half-phase of each oscillation of the regulating organ, a torque to said regulating organ via a direct impulse.
  • said second mobile 2 comprises an indirect impulse means arranged and positioned so as to be, during the entire oscillation of the regulator member during normal operation of the exhaust, out of contact with the escape wheel 3.
  • said energy source is formed by a barrel spring and said regulating member is formed by a balance, said first mobile 1 of the regulating member of the watch movement being conventionally formed by a plate 1.2 carried by an axis 1.1 of the balance.
  • the second mobile 2 of the escapement can, in principle, be provided with an angular movement or a rectilinear movement.
  • said second mobile 2 of the escapement is preferably formed by an anchor 2, said plate 1.2 carried by an axis 1.1 of the balance being able to cooperate with said anchor 2.
  • said means of indirect impulse 2.6 of an escapement is preferably formed by an indirect impulse vane 2.6 located substantially near the pivot axis of said second mobile 2 , respectively of said anchor 2.
  • said indirect impulse vane 2.6 is located on the first half, near said pivot axis, of the arm of the anchor 2 carrying the output rest vane 2.5, as illustrated. to the figure 3 .
  • This indirect impulse pallet 2.6 can be made in one piece with the anchor 2 or by a separate part mounted on the anchor 2.
  • the indirect impulse pallet is made by a separate part and made of a material. low friction and low wear, such as ruby or sapphire.
  • the escape wheel 3 of an escapement comprises, in a preferred embodiment and illustrated in figure 3 a number of teeth in the range of 13 to 19.
  • an escapement according to the present invention comprises, in a preferred embodiment, a locking device according to European patent EP 1 122 617 , the structure and operation of such a device having been described above and applying identically to an escapement according to the present invention comprising such a locking device.
  • an escapement according to the present invention also comprises at least one securing and guiding surface as mentioned above as well as described in detail in the patent application. CH 712 288 , this description of the structure and operation of such a securing and guiding surface similarly applying to an exhaust according to the present invention comprising such a securing and guiding surface.
  • the figures 4a to 4j show schematic top views of the main operating phases of the escapement according to the present invention, when operation takes place normally, the invention being in these figures applied to the escapement according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 .
  • the description given above, with reference to figures 2a to 2j the functioning of the escapement according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 is fully valid for this embodiment of an escapement according to the present invention.
  • This remark also applies to the embodiment of an escapement according to the present invention comprising at least one securing and guiding surface according to the patent application.
  • CH 712 288 respectively applies by analogy to all embodiments of an escapement according to the present invention, that is to say to any Robin-type escapement, or even to any lever escapement, having a stray blow, that is to say having a half-phase during each oscillation of the regulating member during which there is no pulse, and being equipped with an indirect impulse means 2.6 according to the present invention.
  • the figure 5 illustrates a schematic top view of an operating phase of the escapement according to the present invention during which the indirect impulse means 2.6 takes an active role.
  • the indirect impulse means 2.6 comes into contact with one of the teeth of the escape wheel 3 and transmits a torque to the regulating member by means of an indirect impulse via the second mobile 2.
  • the indirect impulse paddle 2.6 can also give an impulse to the balance when its amplitude decreases following the unwinding of the barrel, which one can designate as a “pulse on demand”, this case not being illustrated in the figures.
  • the present invention thus makes it possible to avoid the drawbacks of prior art exhausts mentioned in the introduction by proposing an escapement which, in addition to the components of the escapement according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 , respectively in general of a detent escapement, or even of the Robin type, also comprises said indirect impulse means 2.6, preferably in the form of an indirect impulse vane mounted near the pivot axis of the anchor 2, this indirect impulse means 2.6 remaining out of contact with the escape wheel 3 during the entire oscillation of the regulating member during normal operation of the exhaust and only intervening during abnormal operation to perform an indirect impulse.
  • An escapement according to the present invention having an indirect impulse pallet on the anchor which is not at all caught by the teeth of the escape wheel during normal operation of the escapement, that is to say -to say which does not participate at all in the normal functioning of the escapement, but which intervenes only during abnormal functioning, is therefore in a certain way contrary to the traditional technical instruction in the field of watchmaking .
  • the present invention can also be realized in an escapement of the double radial impulse type or in the coaxial escapement mentioned in the introduction by replacing the third impulse vane present in and still participating in the normal operation of these exhausts by an indirect impulse vane 2.6 according to the present invention which only intervenes during abnormal operation of the escapement.
  • the present invention can be implemented in any type of direct impulse escapement, in particular in a Robin exhaust and, particularly preferably, in an exhaust according to the European patent EP 1 122,617 and according to the patent application CH 712 288 .
  • the present invention can be implemented in any type of lever escapement having a lost blow, without it being necessary or possible to mention all the cases and all the corresponding details here.
  • the present invention relates not only to such an escapement, but also to a watch movement comprising a source of energy, a regulating member, a gear train as well as 'such a watch escapement.
  • the present invention also relates to a timepiece, preferably a mechanical wristwatch, comprising such a horological escapement, respectively such a watch movement.
  • a wristwatch having a chronograph or split-seconds mechanism in which the advantages of a direct-impulse escapement can be exploited in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • a watch escapement according to the present invention then makes it possible to obviate the problem of the self-starting of the escapements without stopping, given that its indirect impulse paddle comes into contact, for example following an untimely movement or a stop. of the watch movement and during the half-phase of the balance wheel oscillation during which the escape wheel does not transmit torque to the balance by means of a direct impulse, with the escape wheel and transmits by the intermediary of an indirect impulse via the anchor a torque to the balance which is sufficient to restart the watch movement.
  • the present invention allows, in the event of application to the escapement according to the European patent EP 1 122 617 and the one according to the patent application CH 712 288 , to secure the second mobile 2 in a complementary manner during the operating phase of the device during which the finger 2.2.3 fixed to the second mobile 2 passes through the notch 1.2.1.3 of said skirt 1.2.1 of the first mobile 1, to so that the notch 1.2.1.3 in the skirt 1.2.1 can be enlarged.
  • the indirect impulse means 2.6 then plays a role of self-starting means as well as, in a subsidiary manner, a role of securing means.
  • the present invention makes it possible to produce a watch escapement which has the advantages of a detent escapement mentioned above and whose self-starting in the event of an untimely stopping of the movement is ensured, so that it does not does not present the problem of auto-starting of stray escapements.
  • the present invention makes it possible to further improve the operating safety of the escapement, in particular in the case of the AP escapement, by making it possible to relax the tolerances of the parts involved when the finger comes out of the dart outside of the skirt and thus avoiding constellations where a collision between said finger and said skirt of the locking device may occur.
  • the proposed construction consisting mainly of the integration of an indirect impulse vane, is simple and robust as well as reliable during operation of the escapement.
  • Such an indirect impulse vane can be integrated into several types of detent and / or lever escapements having a lost shot, so that the invention can be flexibly applied to several types of parts. watchmaking.
  • the invention can be applied, preferably, in mechanical wristwatches, in particular in wristwatches equipped with a chronograph or split-seconds mechanism.

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Claims (15)

  1. Uhrenhemmung mit Gesperr, die geeignet ist, in ein Uhrwerk integriert zu werden und gestaltet ist, um ein Drehmoment, das von einer Energiequelle des besagten Uhrwerks stammt, auf ein schwingendes Regulierorgan des besagten Uhrwerks zu übertragen, wobei das Regulierorgan des Uhrwerks ein erstes Drehteil (1) umfasst und die Hemmung ein zweites Drehteil (2) sowie ein Hemmungsrad (3) umfasst, wobei das besagte erste Drehteil (1) mit dem besagten zweiten Drehteil (2) zusammenwirkt, indem es das zweite Drehteil (2) in einer ersten oder einer zweiten Position anhalten kann, die durch einen ersten beziehungsweise einen zweiten Anschlag (4.1, 4.2) definiert sind, gegen die das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) zum Aufliegen kommt, wobei das besagte Hemmungsrad (3) derart gestaltet ist, dass es während einer Halbphase jeder Schwingung des Regulierorgans mittels eines direkten Impulses ein Drehmoment an das besagte Regulierorgan überträgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) ein indirektes Impulsmittel (2.6) umfasst, das derart gestaltet und positioniert ist, dass es während der gesamten Schwingung des Regulierorgans beim normalen Betrieb der Hemmung außer Kontakt mit dem Hemmungsrad (3) ist, und das zudem geeignet ist, bei der anderen Halbphase jeder Schwingung des Regulierorgans, während der das Hemmungsrad (3) kein Drehmoment mittels eines direkten Impulses an das Regulierorgan überträgt, mit dem Hemmungsrad (3) in Kontakt zu kommen, um, im Anschluss an eine ungewollte Bewegung oder ein ungewolltes Anhalten des Uhrwerks, mittels eines indirekten Impulses über das zweite Drehteil (2) ein Drehmoment auf das besagte Regulierorgan des Uhrwerks zu übertragen.
  2. Uhrhemmung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Energiequelle von einer Federhausfeder und das besagte Regulierorgan von einer Unruh gebildet ist.
  3. Uhrhemmung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte erste Drehteil (1) des Regulierorgans des Uhrwerks von einer Rolle (1.2) gebildet ist, die von einer Achse (1.1.) der Unruh getragen wird.
  4. Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) der Hemmung mit einer winkligen Bewegung oder mit einer geradlinigen Bewegung versehen ist.
  5. Uhrhemmung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) der Hemmung von einem Anker (2) gebildet ist, wobei die besagte Rolle (1.2) geeignet ist, mit dem besagten Anker (2) zusammenzuwirken.
  6. Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte indirekte Impulsmittel von einer indirekten Impulspalette (2.6) gebildet ist, die sich merklich in der Nähe der Schwenkachse des besagten zweiten Drehteils (2) beziehungsweise des Ankers (2) befindet, insbesondere von einer indirekten Impulspalette (2.6), die sich auf der in der Nähe der besagten Schwenkachse liegenden ersten Hälfte des Arms des Ankers (2), der die Ausgangsruhepalette (2.5) trägt, befindet.
  7. Uhrhemmung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte indirekte Impulspalette (2.6) aus einem Material mit geringer Reibung und geringer Abnutzung, vorzugsweise aus Rubin oder aus Saphir, hergestellt ist.
  8. Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte Hemmungsrad (3) eine Anzahl von Zähnen umfasst, die im Bereich von 13 bis 19 liegt.
  9. Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das erste Drehteil (1), das von der besagten Rolle (1.2) gebildet ist, eine kreisförmige Platte umfasst, die von einer Einfassung (1.2.1) umfasst ist, die eine Innen- (1.2.1.1) und eine Außenwand (1.2.1.2) umfasst, wobei die besagte Einfassung (1.2.1) einen Einschnitt (1.2.1.3) aufweist, der derart angeordnet ist, um von einem an dem zweiten Drehteil (2) angebrachten Finger (2.2.3) durchquert zu werden, wobei das zweite Drehteil (2) in der ersten Position angehalten ist, wenn es sich in Auflage auf dem ersten Anschlag (4.1) befindet und sein Finger (2.2.3) an die Innenwand (1.2.1.1) der Einfassung (1.2.1) angrenzt, und in der zweiten Position angehalten ist, wenn es sich in Auflage auf dem zweiten Anschlag (4.2) befindet und sein Finger (2.2.3) an die Außenwand (1.2.1.2) der besagten Einfassung (1.2.1) angrenzt.
  10. Uhrhemmung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) mindestens eine Sicherungs- und Führungsfläche umfasst, die in einen dem Finger (2.2.3) merklich entgegengesetzten Sinn ausgerichtet ist, um das besagte zweite Drehteil (2) bei der Betriebsphase der Hemmung zu sichern, während welcher der an dem zweiten Drehteil (2) angebrachte Finger (2.2.3) den Einschnitt (1.2.1.3) der besagten Einfassung (1.2.1) des ersten Drehteils (1) durchquert.
  11. Uhrhemmung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Sicherungs- und Führungsfläche derart gestaltet und positioniert ist, dass sie sich bei der Impulsphase der Unruh (1) durch das Hemmungsrad (3) an der äußeren Peripherie der Bahn des Hemmungsrads (3) der besagten Hemmung befindet, derart dass sie geeignet ist, mit dem Hemmungsrad (3) in Kontakt zu kommen, um das zweite Drehteil (2) beziehungsweise den Anker (2) zu sichern, wodurch vermieden wird, dass es beziehungsweise er im Anschluss an eine ungewollte Bewegung auf die Bahn des Hemmungsrades (3) zurückkehrt.
  12. Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um eine Hemmung mit direktem Impuls handelt, die ein Hemmungsrad (3) umfasst, das den Impuls direkt an die Unruh (1) überträgt, vorzugsweise um eine Unruh vom Typ Robin.
  13. Uhrwerk, das eine Energiequelle, ein Regulierorgan (1), eine Hemmung und ein Räderwerk umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hemmung eine Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 12 ist.
  14. Uhr, vorzugsweise Armbanduhr, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Uhrhemmung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 12 beziehungsweise ein Uhrwerk nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch umfasst.
  15. Uhr nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um eine Chronographenuhr oder eine Uhr mit Rattrapante handelt.
EP19168753.2A 2018-05-25 2019-04-11 Selbststartende und gesicherte chronometerhemmung für uhren Active EP3584641B1 (de)

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US11397408B2 (en) 2022-07-26
JP2019203894A (ja) 2019-11-28
CN110531603A (zh) 2019-12-03
CN110531603B (zh) 2022-06-07
CH715023A1 (fr) 2019-11-29
JP7349818B2 (ja) 2023-09-25
US20190361397A1 (en) 2019-11-28

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