EP3121661B1 - Direkter uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit konstanter kraft - Google Patents

Direkter uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit konstanter kraft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3121661B1
EP3121661B1 EP15177689.5A EP15177689A EP3121661B1 EP 3121661 B1 EP3121661 B1 EP 3121661B1 EP 15177689 A EP15177689 A EP 15177689A EP 3121661 B1 EP3121661 B1 EP 3121661B1
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Prior art keywords
wheel
anchor
escape
mobile
escapement
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EP15177689.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3121661A1 (de
Inventor
Kéwin Bas
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Cartier International AG
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Cartier International AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/10—Escapements with constant impulses for the regulating mechanism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to direct escapement mechanisms with a constant force, in particular for equipping mechanical clockwork movements.
  • the invention also relates to a mechanical clockwork movement equipped with a direct escapement mechanism with constant force.
  • Documents are known CH 353679 and US 2970427 direct force constant escapement mechanisms for a mechanical clockwork movement which comprise an escapement wheel having an exhaust pinion and two coaxial escapement wheels and capable of relative rotation relative to each other determined amplitude, these two exhaust wheels being connected by a constant force spring.
  • These exhaust mechanisms comprise two anchors each cooperating with one of the exhaust wheels of the escapement mobile. Having two anchors makes these mechanisms complex.
  • Document is also known FR 1009853 a constant force direct escapement mechanism comprising an escape wheel having an escape pinion, a lower escape wheel, an upper escape wheel coaxial with the lower escape wheel and capable of angularly moving by relative to this lower escape wheel of a predetermined magnitude and a constant force spring connecting the lower escape wheel to the upper escape wheel.
  • This escapement mechanism also comprises an oscillator wheel and an anchor wheel having an entry pallet cooperating with one of the escape wheels and an output pallet cooperating with the other escape wheel.
  • This anchor further includes a fork cooperating with the oscillator mobile.
  • the limitation of the angular stroke between the two escape wheels is obtained by a screw secured to one of the wheels, a radial arm of the other wheel comes knocking.
  • the present invention aims to propose a constant force direct escapement mechanism intended to equip a mechanical clockwork movement which is less complex than the mechanisms according to the documents.
  • CH 353679 and US 2970427 in particular in that it comprises only one anchor.
  • Another object of the present invention is to propose such a direct constant force escapement mechanism which is improved over that described in the document FR 1009853 .
  • the invention relates to a constant force direct escapement mechanism according to claim 1 and a mechanical timepiece according to claim 5.
  • the invention also relates to a mechanical timepiece and / or mechanical clockwork comprising a motor formed for example by a cylinder, a work train connecting the engine to the exhaust pinion of the mobile and an oscillator , formed for example by a balance spring, carrying the oscillator mobile.
  • This example relates to a direct exhaust with a constant force device comprising an escape wheel having two exhaust wheels pivotally connected together by a spiral spring.
  • This high-amplitude escapement mechanism comprises an escape wheel comprising a lower escape wheel 30 and an upper escape wheel 31, an anchor 32 and an oscillator mobile 33 fixed on the axis of an oscillator typically a balance spring.
  • the lower escapement wheel 30 is pivoted on a platen with one movement and has a first pin 30a and a second pin 30b.
  • the upper escapement wheel 31 is pivoted coaxially on the lower escape wheel 30 and has radii defining stop planes 34 and 35.
  • the anchor 32 has an axis, a lower anchor 32a having an input pallet E and an output pallet S located at different levels.
  • the entry pallet E has on its outer side a first rest plane 11 connected to an end face 10 by a rest formation which is preferably formed of a second rest plane 12 and a third rest plane 13 intersecting on a line of rest 14.
  • the output pallet S has on its inner side a first rest plane 16 connected to a rest formation which is still preferably formed of a second rest plane 17 and a third rest plane 18 intersecting one another. rest line 19.
  • the entry pallet E is at the same level as the lower escape wheel 30 and cooperates with it while the output pallet S is at the level of the upper escape wheel 31 and cooperates with it. .
  • the anchor 32 further comprises an upper anchor 32b whose end comprises a fork with four teeth 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d.
  • the oscillator wheel 33 is composed of two plates, a release plate 33a, which is at the same level as the upper anchor 32b and which has a pin 37, and a pulse plate 33b, which is at the same level. level that the upper escape wheel 31, which comprises a pulse plane 38 cooperating with the teeth of the upper exhaust wheel 31.
  • a spiral spring of constant force (not illustrated so as not to overload the drawing), one end of which is fixed to one of the pins 30a or 30b of the lower escapement wheel 30 and the other end is fixed to the axis of the upper escapement wheel 31 connects the two escape wheels 30 and 31.
  • the anchor 32 bears on a first fixed abutment 20.
  • the orientation of the first rest plane 11 of the entry pallet E causes the anchor 32 to tend to turn counterclockwise.
  • This first release phase lasts until the tooth ds of the upper escape wheel 31 leaves the first rest plane 11 of the entry pallet E and passes on its second rest plane 12.
  • the torque of the gear train movement and constant force spring causes the anchor 32 in the clockwise direction through the orientation of the second rest plane 12 of the input pallet E.
  • the contact between the ankle 37 and the upper anchor 32b is broken ( Fig.9 ).
  • the upper escapement wheel 31 comes into contact with the line of rest 14 separating the second rest plane 12 and the third rest plane 13 from the pallet between E. At this moment the upper exhaust wheels 31 and lower 30 are blocked by the entry pallet E respectively by the pins 30a, 30b of the lower escape wheel 30 and the stop planes 34, 35 of the upper escape wheel 31.
  • the anchor is replaced in this second equilibrium position by the escape wheels.
  • the pendulum is free.
  • the exhaust mechanism is in its second equilibrium position ( Fig. 10 ).
  • the tooth of the upper escape wheel 31 leaves the third rest plane 13 of the entry pallet E. At this moment the upper and lower exhaust wheels 31 and 30 are free to turn clockwise. anchor 32 continues to rotate clockwise, the ankle 37 escapes the tooth 36c of the anchor and the balance is free again. The upper escapement wheel 31 is no longer locked and rotates clockwise thanks to the constant force spring. The lower escapement wheel 30 comes into contact with the third rest plane 18 of the output pallet S ( Fig. 12 ). The pins 30a and 30b of the lower escapement wheel 30 leave the stop planes 34, 35 of the upper escapement wheel 31. This second phase of release lasts until a tooth ds of the wheel d upper exhaust 31 comes into contact with the pulse plane 38 of the impulse plate 33b ( Fig. 13 ).
  • the fourth equilibrium position is maintained until the pin 37 comes into contact with the tooth 36a of the upper anchor 32b.
  • the balance wheel 33 drives the anchor 32 in the anti-clockwise direction slightly lowering the lower escape wheel 30 and thus the upper exhaust wheel 31 via the pins 30a, 30b of the escape wheel lower in support with the stop plane 35 of the upper escapement wheel 31 ( Fig.18 ).
  • This fourth release phase lasts until the tooth di of the lower escape wheel 30 leaves the first rest plane 16 of the output pallet S and passes on the second rest plane 17 of this output pallet S ( Fig. 19 ). At this moment it is the torque of the gear train which drives the anchor 32 counter-clockwise thanks to the orientation of the second rest plane 16 of the output pallet S. The contact between the pin 37 and the tooth 36a of the upper anchor 32a is broken and the escape mechanism is then in its fourth equilibrium position ( Fig. 20 ). The balance is free again. This fourth equilibrium position is the same as the third equilibrium position ( Fig. 14 ) except that the pendulum rotates clockwise.
  • This fifth release phase lasts until the tooth di of the lower escape wheel 30 leaves the third rest plane 18 of the output pallet S. At this moment the two upper and lower 31 exhaust wheels 30 are free to turn clockwise.
  • the anchor 32 continues to turn anti-clockwise and the balance is free again.
  • the upper escape wheel 31 comes via one of its teeth ds in contact with the third rest plane 13 of the entry pallet E. This tooth ds will be placed on the line of rest 14 of the entry pallet E under the effect of the gear pair and the orientation of the second 12 and third 13 resting planes of the entry pallet E positioning the anchor 32 so that the balance is free again .
  • the lower exhaust wheel 30 is no longer locked and rotates clockwise thanks to the torque of the gear train.
  • the contact between the pins 30a, 30b of the lower escapement wheel 30 and the stop plane 34 of the upper escapement wheel 31 is lost.
  • the spring of constant force connecting the lower escape wheel 30 is reloaded. at the upper escapement wheel 31 ( Fig. 22 ).
  • This fifth release phase lasts until the pins 30a, 30b of the lower escapement wheel 30 come into contact with the stop plane 35 of the upper escapement wheel 31 ( Fig. 23 ).
  • the balance wheel drives the anchor wheel 32 in the counter-clockwise direction the upper escape wheel 31 and therefore the lower escape wheel 30 via the pins 30a, 30b and the stop plane 35 ( Fig. 24 )
  • This sixth release phase lasts until the tooth ds of the upper escapement wheel 31 leaves the second rest plane 12 of the entry pallet E and passes on the first rest plane 11 of this pallet. input E.
  • the torque of the cog and the constant force spring drives the anchor 32 in the counterclockwise direction, thanks to the orientation of the first rest plane 11 of the input pallet E.
  • the contact between the ankle 37 the balance wheel 33 is broken with the upper anchor.
  • This sixth phase of release lasts until the anchor 32 comes into contact with the first fixed stop 20. We find our in the first equilibrium position ( Fig. 7 ) and the cycle can start again.
  • the special feature of this escapement mechanism is to allow balance phases where the balance can continue its alternation by oscillating the anchor without releasing the escape wheels. This is achieved by the juxtaposition of several rest formations and in particular by the presence of an additional rest formation on the pallets, which allows the balance to perform several turns for each alternation while the pulse is not given once alternately when the anchor is moved enough to release the escape mobile.
  • the entry and exit pallets S have second and third rest planes which form a concave rest formation, for example V-shaped (or U-shaped), but other shapes are also possible, even a flat shape.
  • the entry pallet E and the output pallet S of the anchor comprise a first rest plane and at least one additional rest formation, adjacent to the first rest plane.
  • this formation is concave and formed of a second plane of rest and a third plane of rest forming a V between them and defining by their intersection a line of rest.
  • the anchor If the anchor is slightly displaced during an impact, for example, it does not leave its equilibrium position but automatically returns to its position defined by the tooth of the mobile escapement coming into contact with the line of rest of the formation concave rest is the intersection between the second rest plane and the third rest plane.
  • such an escapement mechanism also comprises an anchor whose end cooperating with the peg of the balance wheel comprises at least four teeth and not a simple fork with two teeth.
  • each entry and exit pallet E has a concave, generally V-shaped rest formation formed by a second rest plane and a third rest plane whose intersection forms a rest line.
  • Each pallet, input E and output S also has a first rest plane located on the outer or inner edge of the pallet and adjacent to the concave rest formation, generally V-shaped.
  • the four teeth of the upper anchor cooperating with the peg of the balance wheel can all be identical since none of them is used to give the impulse to the pendulum.
  • the pendulum performs several turns, usually two to three turns, alternately.
  • a pulse is delivered to the pulse plane by the escapement mobile directly for each alternation of the balance.
  • the peg cooperates with the teeth of the fork of the anchor to oscillate it and let pass said pin but without causing the release of the mobile escape which, under the effect of the gear, puts the anchor in a position of equilibrium when the pulse is not delivered to the balance.
  • the concave, generally U-shaped or preferably V-shaped form of the rest formation formed by the first 11; 16 and the second 12, 17 planes of rest of the entry pallets E and exit S and the orientation of these planes with respect to the axis of rotation of the anchor make that under the effect of the torque provided by the gear the escape wheel returns to the equilibrium position the anchor when it is slightly shifted in one direction or the other, for example following an impact
  • the passage of the equilibrium position on the first rest plane 11, 16 of the input pallet E respectively output S to the equilibrium position on the rest formation 14, 19 of these input and output pallets S is achieved by an oscillation of the anchor 32 caused by the balance wheel, acting on the fork of the anchor and therefore by the energy of the pendulum.
  • This oscillation of the anchor allows the balance to perform several turns for each alternation of these oscillations while causing the release of the escapement mobile only once by alternating the pendulum.
  • the anchor drives the anchor 47 counter-clockwise by the tooth 49a of the fork 48.
  • the muffler recoils slightly.This phase lasts until the tooth of the upper escape wheel 44 It must be noted that before the entry pallet E is completely unobstructed, the output pallet S is placed on the path of a tooth of the escape wheel. lower 40.
  • This impulse phase lasts until the lower escapement wheel comes into abutment against the upper escapement wheel 44 by its pins 45 coming into contact with the ends of the notches 43 of the lower escapement wheel 40 ( figure 35 ).
  • the upper escapement wheel 44 abuts against the lower escapement wheel 40 via the studs 45 and the ends of the notches 43.
  • the torque of the constant force spring 46 keeps the upper escapement wheel 44 abutting on the wheel lower exhaust 40.
  • the pin 53 comes into contact with the tooth 49b of the fork 48 of the anchor 47 and drives the anchor clockwise. This is the second phase of release ( figure 36 ).
  • the escapement mobile undergoes a slight decline.
  • This second release phase lasts until the tooth of the lower escapement wheel 40 is completely cleared from the output pallet S of the anchor 47. Note that before the output pallet S is cleared , the entry pallet E of the anchor is placed on the path of a tooth of the upper escapement wheel 44.
  • the torque applied by the finishing gear of the movement to the lower escapement wheel 40 being greater than the torque of the constant force spring 46 thus makes it possible to drive in rotation the upper escapement wheel 44 causing the spring of constant force to be recharged. 46.
  • This phase of recharging the constant force lasts until the lower escape wheel 40 abuts against the upper escape wheel 44 via the pins 45 and the end faces of the notches 43.
  • the escape mechanism has returned to the initial equilibrium position and a new cycle can begin again.
  • This exhaust mechanism has an anti-shock device.
  • the dart 50 comes into contact with the cylindrical rim 54 of the stinger plate 51c preventing the release of the wheels exhaust 40, 44.
  • the dart 50 is placed sometimes inside the cylindrical rim 54 (preventing the rotation of the anchor clockwise) sometimes outside the cylindrical rim 54 (preventing the rotation of the anchor in the counterclockwise direction ).
  • the opening 54a in the cylindrical rim 54 of the dart plate 51c allows the displacement of the anchor during the operating phases of the exhaust mechanism.
  • Said example of escape mechanism also allows the oscillator to operate at an amplitude greater than 360 ° to the detriment of part of its efficiency.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Direkter Hemmungsmechanismus mit konstanter Kraft, der ein Hemmungsdrehteil aufweist, das einen Hemmungstrieb, ein unteres Hemmungsrad (40), ein oberes Hemmungsrad (44), das koaxial zum unteren Hemmungsrad (40) ist und sich winklig mit einer vorbestimmten Schwingungsweite in Bezug zu diesem unteren Hemmungsrad (40) bewegen kann, und eine Feder (46) mit konstanter Kraft umfasst, die das untere Hemmungsrad (40) mit dem oberen Hemmungsrad (41) verbindet; wobei dieser Hemmungsmechanismus noch ein Oszillatordrehteil (51) und ein Ankerdrehteil (47) umfasst, das eine Eingangspalette (E), die mit einem der Hemmungsräder zusammenwirkt, und eine Ausgangspalette (S) umfasst, die mit dem anderen Hemmungsrad zusammenwirkt; wobei dieser Anker (47) noch eine Gabel (48) umfasst, die mit dem Oszillatordrehteil (51) zusammenwirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines von dem oberen und dem unteren Hemmungsrad einen Fußkreis umfasst, der Einschnitte (43) umfasst, die gleichmäßig um seinen Umfang verteilt sind, und dadurch, dass das andere von dem oberen und dem unteren Hemmungsrad Zapfen (45) umfasst, die sich in die Einschnitte erstrecken.
  2. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zahnung des oberen Hemmungsrades (44) einerseits mit der Eingangspalette (E) des Ankerdrehteils (47) und andererseits mit einer Impulsebene (52) des Unruhdrehteils (51) zusammenwirkt.
  3. Hemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zahnung des unteren Hemmungsrades (40) mit der Ausgangspalette (S) des Ankerdrehteils (47) zusammenwirkt.
  4. Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ankerdrehteil (47) eine Gabel (48) mit zwei Zähnen umfasst, die mit einem Stift (53) des Unruhdrehteils (51) zusammenwirkt.
  5. Mechanische Uhr, die einen Motor, ein Finissage-Räderwerk, das den Motor mit einem Hemmungsmechanismus verbindet, und einen Oszillator umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ist.
  6. Uhr nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oszillator vom Typ Unruh-Spiralfeder ist.
EP15177689.5A 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Direkter uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit konstanter kraft Active EP3121661B1 (de)

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EP15177689.5A EP3121661B1 (de) 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Direkter uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit konstanter kraft

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EP3121661B1 true EP3121661B1 (de) 2018-05-23

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106707718B (zh) * 2017-03-01 2019-01-29 谭泽华 钟表分轴冲击擒纵器
PL234149B1 (pl) * 2017-12-11 2020-01-31 Drozdziewicz Slawomir Zespół wychwytu zegara wahadłowego
CH715023A1 (fr) 2018-05-25 2019-11-29 Sa De La Manufacture Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie Échappement à détente auto-démarrant et sécurisé pour pièce d'horlogerie
WO2020007619A2 (fr) * 2018-07-02 2020-01-09 Complitime Sa Mecanisme d'echappement horloger
DE102018212113A1 (de) * 2018-07-20 2020-01-23 Creaditive Ag Hemmungssystem und das Hemmungssystem umfassendes Messgerät

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE178113C (de) *
CH223109A (fr) * 1941-10-01 1942-08-31 Theurillat Xavier Dispositif d'échappement dit à force constante pour mouvements d'horlogerie, compteurs, etc.
FR1009853A (fr) * 1948-07-02 1952-06-04 Mécanisme d'échappement perfectionné
US2970427A (en) 1957-03-28 1961-02-07 Gen Time Corp Constant torque escapement
CH353679A (fr) 1959-03-24 1961-04-15 Theurillat Xavier Echappement dit à force constante

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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