EP3121660B1 - Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit chronometerhemmung, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr - Google Patents

Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit chronometerhemmung, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3121660B1
EP3121660B1 EP15177690.3A EP15177690A EP3121660B1 EP 3121660 B1 EP3121660 B1 EP 3121660B1 EP 15177690 A EP15177690 A EP 15177690A EP 3121660 B1 EP3121660 B1 EP 3121660B1
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Prior art keywords
anchor
escapement mechanism
mobile
balance
pallet
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EP15177690.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3121660A1 (de
Inventor
Kéwin Bas
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Cartier International AG
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Cartier International AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mechanical escapement mechanisms for movement or timepiece. More particularly, the exhaust mechanism to which the present invention relates is a mechanical exhaust mechanism.
  • a trigger escapement mechanism is an escapement mechanism comprising an escapement wheel driven by means of a finishing gear train by a motor of a watch movement, a mobile oscillator, usually a balance wheel, and an anchor (or trigger) cooperating on the one hand with the escape mobile and secondly with the balance wheel.
  • the special feature of the escapement escapement mechanism is that the anchor is subjected to a participating elastic action, in the thrust or impulse phase of the exhaust mechanism, to the transmission of energy from the mobile to the mobile balance.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical escapement mechanism of the aforementioned type, that is to say relaxation, which makes it possible to improve the chronometry of a movement equipped with such a mechanism, in particular by reducing the disturbances of the oscillator by reducing the number of pulse phases of the trigger escapement mechanism to less than one pulse phase per oscillation, or two alternations, of the balance.
  • the present invention relates to a detent escapement mechanism according to claim 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a mechanical clockwork according to claim 13.
  • the subject of the present invention is a trigger escapement mechanism comprising an escape wheel having an escape pinion and an escape wheel, an anchor comprising an entry pallet and a slide bearing a dart and a first flexible spring blade and a slide gear subjected to the action of a second flexible spring blade and a balance wheel.
  • a trigger escapement mechanism necessarily comprises an anchor (also called trigger or blocker) comprising at least one flexible leaf spring participating in the energy distribution to the balance wheel.
  • the present invention also relates to a mechanical clockwork comprising a driving member, for example a barrel, a work train connecting the drive member to the exhaust pinion, a balance wheel and a trigger escapement mechanism according to the invention.
  • the detent escapement mechanism illustrated in figure 1 is a direct escape mechanism since the escape wheel cooperates directly with the balance wheel.
  • a first fixed stop 12 limits the angular displacements of the anchor 5 in counterclockwise direction while a second fixed stop 13 limits the angular displacements of the anchor 5 in the clockwise direction.
  • the first flexible leaf spring 7 of the anchor 5 is abutted against a fixed pin 14.
  • the figure 2 is a view on a larger scale illustrating the active end of the pallet 6 of the anchor 5 and a part of the escape wheel 1.
  • This pallet 6 comprises a first rest plane 15 substantially parallel to the outer edge 6a of this pallet 6 as well as a rest formation, which is preferably concave and formed of a second rest plane 16 and a third plane of repose. rest 17 whose intersection forms a line of rest 18.
  • This formation of rest 16, 17 connects the first plane of rest 15 to the end face 19 of the pallet 6.
  • This end face 19 of the pallet 6 is inclined and connects the formation of rest 16, 17 to the inner side 6b of the pallet 6.
  • the formation of rest 16, 17 generally has the shape of a V but other forms, for example in U, are possible even a flat shape.
  • the figure 3 illustrates partially and on a larger scale the slide 9 of the anchor 5 and a slide gear 11 slidably mounted in the slide 9 over a predetermined distance.
  • the second spring 8 tends to maintain the slide teeth 11 in a position for which it emerges as much as possible from the slide 9.
  • This slide tooth 11 differs from an ordinary trigger in that it comprises a first tooth 11a and a second tooth 11b.
  • This sliding tooth 9 can under the effect of a force in the direction of the arrow f retract partially in the slide 9 against the action of the second spring 8 to abut on the face 9a of the slide 9.
  • the first 11a and second 11b teeth of the slide teeth 11 cooperate with the tooth 4 of the upper plate 2b of the balance wheel 2.
  • FIGS. 4 to 14a illustrate the different positions or states that the escape mechanism can take during the phases of its operation.
  • the figure 4 illustrates phase 1 "equilibrium position 1" of the exhaust mechanism. In this state the balance is free and it turns in the anticlockwise direction.
  • the escape wheel 1 has a tendency, thanks to the finishing work train to turn in the clockwise direction, that it is blocked by the contact of one of the teeth of its toothing with the first rest plane 15 of the pallet 6 of the anchor 5.
  • the anchor 5 is locked against the first fixed stop 12 because the configuration of the anchor and its pivot point make the thrust of the escape wheel 1 on the first rest plane 15 of the pallet 5 tends to make rotate the anchor 5 anti-clockwise.
  • the first flexible leaf spring 7 of the anchor abutting against the pin 14 is claimed and also tends to rotate the anchor 5 in the anti-clockwise direction.
  • the escape mechanism is locked in this first equilibrium position of the anchor 5.
  • the Figures 5, 5a, 5b and 5c illustrate phase 2 "release 1" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the balance In this state the balance always turns counterclockwise.
  • the tooth 4 of the upper plate 2b of the balance wheel 2 passes first in front of the first tooth 11a of the slide tooth 11 then comes into contact with the second tooth 11b of the slide teeth.
  • This phase 2 lasts until the tooth of the escape wheel in contact with the pallet 6 changes plan of support. Once this tooth in contact with the concave rest formation 16, 17 the torque of the escape wheel 1 on the anchor 5 will tend to rotate the anchor 5 in the clockwise direction.
  • FIGS 6, 6a, 6b illustrate phase 3 "end of release 1" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the contact between the balance wheel 2 and the anchor is broken.
  • the escape wheel 1 tends to move the anchor 5 clockwise.
  • Figs 7 and 7a illustrate phase 4 "equilibrium position 2" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the escape wheel 1 has moved the anchor 5 clockwise until the tooth of the escape wheel is in contact with the rest line 18 of the rest formation 16, 17. escape 1 is blocked in The anchor is in equilibrium because the second 16 and 17 resting planes of the pallet and the configuration of the anchor are such that for a small amplitude displacement of the anchor, this one returns in balance position.
  • the concave form of the formation of rest allows the return to position of the anchor in equilibrium position during an unwanted displacement thereof (as during an impact for example).
  • the Figures 8, 8a and 8b illustrate phase 5 "release 2" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the balance wheel 2 comes into contact with its tooth 4 with the first tooth 11a of the sliding teeth 11 which causes the anchor 5 to rotate clockwise.
  • the escape wheel 1 makes a slight retreat. In this phase we take a part of the energy of the oscillator.
  • the Figures 9 and 9a illustrate phase 6 "play catch-up" of the escape mechanism.
  • the tooth of the escape wheel 1 has left the third rest plane 18 of the pallet 6 of the anchor and is in contact with the end face 19 of the pallet 6.
  • the escape wheel is released and accelerates thanks to the torque of the finishing gear and drives the anchor 5 clockwise. During this phase the balance wheel is free.
  • the figure 10 illustrates phase 7 "start of thrust" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • a tooth of the escapement wheel comes into contact with the pulse plane 3 of the lower plate 2b of the balance wheel 2.
  • the escape wheel 1 always pushes, by one of its teeth bearing on the end face 19 of the pallet 6, the anchor in the clockwise direction to avoid its return back and pushes the balance wheel 2.
  • this phase there is energy transmission of the escape wheel 1, therefore of the driving member of the movement to the balance wheel 2.
  • the Figures 11 and 11 a illustrate phase 8 "transmission medium" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the tooth of the escape wheel leaves the pallet 6 of the anchor 5 and the latter moves in the anti-clockwise direction under the effect of its first flexible leaf spring 7.
  • the pallet of the anchor 5 falls against the rear flank of the tooth of the escapement wheel 1 with which it was in contact and pushes the escape wheel 1 in the clockwise direction.
  • the escape wheel 1 always transmits, via one of its teeth and the pulse plane 3 of the balance wheel 2, energy to the balance wheel 2, this time coming from the finishing gear of the movement and the first spring to flexible blade 7 of the anchor.
  • the anchor 5 thus provides additional energy to that of the drive member of the movement to the balance wheel 2 via the escape wheel 1.
  • the figure 12 illustrates the phase 9 "fall" of the exhaust mechanism.
  • the pallet 6 of the anchor 5 loses contact with the rear of the tooth of the escape wheel 1, the latter continues to turn clockwise and continues to transmit energy to the mobile wheel 2 as long as there is contact between the pulse plane 3 of the balance wheel 2 with a tooth of the escape wheel 1.
  • the anchor 5 always rotates in the anti-clockwise direction driven by its first flexible leaf spring 7 and abuts against the first fixed stop 12.
  • the escape wheel 1 rotates clockwise until one of its teeth comes into contact with the first rest plane 15 of the pallet 6 of the anchor 5. At this moment the balance wheel 2 is again free, its pulse plane no longer in contact with a tooth of the escape wheel 1.
  • the exhaust mechanism is found in its state of phase 1 "balance 1".
  • FIGS 13 and 13a illustrate the state of the escape mechanism in "return 1" phase. This phase occurs when the escapement mechanism is in the "equilibrium 1" position and the balance wheel 2 is rotating in the clockwise direction.
  • the tooth 4 of the upper plate 2a of the balance wheel 2 meets the back of the second tooth 11b of the slide gear teeth which moves back against the action of the second flexible leaf spring 8 in the slide 9 without the anchor 5 moving since it is in contact with the first fixed stop 12.
  • the slide gear 11 thus moves relative to the slide 9 to let the tooth 4 of the balance wheel 2 pass.
  • FIGs 14 and 14a illustrate the state of the exhaust mechanism when in phase 11 "return 2". Similar to phase 10, this phase 11 occurs when the balance wheel 2 rotates clockwise and the escape mechanism is in phase 4 "balance 2". The tooth 4 of the balance wheel 2 comes to rest on the back of the first tooth 11a of the slide gear 11 which moves back in the slide 9 against the action of the second flexible leaf spring 8.
  • the direct expansion escapement mechanism described above operates in a traditional mode where the amplitude of each alternation of the pendulum oscillations is less than 360 °.
  • the escape mechanism starting from its position "balance 1" returns in this state after two oscillations of the balance wheel and has, during these two oscillations of the balance wheel, transmitted only once from energy to this pendulum mobile. So we have a double blow escape.
  • Table I Phase order for a traditional operation of the exhaust mechanism or with an angular amplitude of the balance wheel 2 less than 360 °.
  • One of the advantages of the exhaust mechanism described is that it can also operate with a high amplitude oscillator of greater than 360 °.
  • the order of the phases or states of the exhaust mechanism is modified and this is indicated in Table II below.
  • Table II Sequence of the phases for a high-amplitude operation of the escape mechanism or with an angular amplitude of the balance wheel 2 greater than 360 °. No.
  • the escape mechanism is self starting (if it is launched at 30 ° amplitude it will itself reach an amplitude greater than 360 ° ) because it has only one equilibrium point, unlike the usual expansion escapement mechanisms that have two, one below 360 ° and one above 360 °.
  • the anchor 5 may be made in one or more interconnected pieces.
  • the pallet of the anchor can be made of a material other than the rest of the anchor 5.
  • the flexible leaf springs 7 and 8 of the anchor can be obtained from a single piece of work with the anchor 5 with engraving technologies.
  • the escaped escapement mechanism can be easily modified to provide a triple blow escape. It suffices to provide on the pallet 6 of the anchor two successive rest formations between the first rest plane 15 and the end face 19 of the pallet 6 and to add a third tooth 11 c to the slide gear 11 ( figure 15 ).
  • the direct expansion trigger mechanism described may further include an anti-shock device to prevent the anchor 5 is moved angularly unintentionally under the effect of shocks.
  • the balance wheel 2 comprises on its second plate 2b a first outer rim 20 and a second inner rim 21 concentric with the balance wheel. These flanges 20, 21 are each provided with an opening 22 respectively 23.
  • the stinger 10 of the anchor comprises a finger 10a adapted to cooperate with said flanges 20, 21.
  • the finger 10a of the stinger 10 of the anchor 5 is outside the outer rim 20 of the balance wheel 2.
  • the anchor 5 is locked angularly either by the first fixed stop 12 or by the contacting the finger 10a of the stinger 10 with the outer wall of the flange 20 of the balance wheel 2.
  • the finger 10a of the stinger 10 of the anchor 5 is situated between the outer rim 20 and the inner rim 21 of the balance wheel 2.
  • the anchor 5 is locked in both directions, the finger 10a of the stinger just block the rotation of the anchor is on the inner face of the outer rim 20 ( Fig. 18 ) on the outer face of the inner rim 21 ( Fig. 19 ).
  • the anchor In the position of "release 1" and “release 2" of the escapement mechanism, the anchor can move angularly because the finger 10a of the anchor stinger 10 is located opposite the opening 22 of the rim 20 ( Fig. 20 ) facing the opening 23 of the flange 21 ( Fig. 21 ).
  • this mechanism exhaust must comprise an escapement mobile 1, a balance wheel 2 having a pulse plane 3 cooperating with the escape wheel 1 and an anchor 5 subjected to the action of a first flexible leaf spring 7 comprising a pallet 6 cooperating with the escape wheel having a first rest plane 15 and at least one rest formation 16, 17, 18 located between the first plane of rest 15 and the end face 19 of the pallet 6.
  • This anchor 5 must also have a mobile toothing, the sliding teeth 11, subjected to the action of a second flexible leaf spring 8 of the anchor and having at least two teeth 11a, 11b cooperating with at least one tooth 4 of the mobile of pendulum 2.
  • each of these teeth 11a, 11b ... cooperates with a corresponding tooth 4 of the balance wheel 2.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Direkter Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit Gesperr, der ein Hemmungsdrehteil, das mit einem Hemmungsrad (1) versehen ist, ein Unruhdrehteil (2), das eine Impulsebene (3) umfasst, die mit der Zahnung des Hemmungsrades (1) zusammenwirkt, und einen Anker (5) umfasst, der der Wirkung einer ersten Feder (7) unterliegt und eine Palette (6), die mit der Zahnung des Hemmungsrades zusammenwirkt und mit einer ersten Ruheebene (15) versehen ist, und eine bewegliche Zahnung (11) umfasst, die der Wirkung einer zweiten Feder (8) unterliegt, die mit einem Zahn (4) des Unruhdrehteils (2) zusammenwirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Palette (6) des Ankers (5) eine Ruheausbildung (16, 17, 18) umfasst, die sich zwischen der ersten Ruheebene (15) und der Endfläche (19) der Palette (6) befindet, und dadurch, dass die bewegliche Zahnung (11) zwei Zähne (11a, 11b) umfasst.
  2. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ruheausbildung (16, 17, 18) der Palette (6) eine konkave Form aufweist.
  3. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die konkave Ruheausbildung (16, 17, 18) der Palette (6) des Ankers (5) aus einer zweiten Ruheebene (16) und aus einer dritten Ruheebene (17) gebildet ist, die zwischen einander einen Winkel bilden und deren Schnittlinie eine Ruhelinie (18) bildet.
  4. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Palette (6) des Ankers (5) mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Ruheausbildungen (18, 18') umfasst, die sich zwischen der ersten Ruheebene (15) und der Endfläche (19) der Palette (6) befinden.
  5. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bewegliche Zahnung (11) des Ankers (5) so viele Zähne (11a, b...) aufweist wie die Palette (5) konkave Ruheausbildungen (18, 18'...) umfasst.
  6. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bewegliche Zahnung (11) des Ankers (5) in einer Gleitschiene (9) des Ankers (5) gleitend gelagert ist, wobei der Verschiebungsweg dieser beweglichen Zahnung (11) in der Gleitschiene (9) begrenzt ist.
  7. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zähne (11a, b...) der beweglichen Zahnung (11) sich in einer gleichen Ebene befinden und alle mit dem Zahn (4) des Unruhdrehteils (2) zusammenwirken.
  8. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zähne (11a, b...) der beweglichen Zahnung (11) sich in unterschiedlichen Ebenen befinden und jeweils mit einem entsprechenden Zahn (4) des Unruhdrehteils (2) zusammenwirken.
  9. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Feder (7) des Ankers sich auf einen festen Sperrstift (14) stützt und unabhängig vom Zustand des Uhrhemmungsmechanismus eine Kraft auf den Anker (5) ausübt, die dazu neigt, ihn im Uhrzeigersinn zu drehen.
  10. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er für zwei Schwingungen des Unruhdrehteils (2) nur eine Phase der Übertragung von Energie auf das Unruhdrehteil (2) umfasst.
  11. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Unruhdrehteil Halbschwingungen mit einer Amplitude von kleiner als 360° durchführt.
  12. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Unruhdrehteil Halbschwingungen mit einer Amplitude von größer als 360° durchführt.
  13. Uhrhemmungsmechanismus nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine stoßsichere Vorrichtung umfasst, die einen Sicherheitsstift (10) des Ankers (5) umfasst, der mit Rändern (20, 21) zusammenwirkt, die durch eine obere Schale (2b) des Unruhdrehteils getragen werden.
  14. Mechanisches Uhrwerk, das ein Antriebsorgan, ein Finissage-Räderwerk, das dieses Antriebsorgan mit einem Uhrhemmungsmechanismus verbindet, und einen Oszillator umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Uhrhemmungsmechanismus dieses Uhrwerks nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 ist.
  15. Uhrwerk nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oszillator eine Unruh-Spiralfeder ist.
EP15177690.3A 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit chronometerhemmung, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr Active EP3121660B1 (de)

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EP15177690.3A EP3121660B1 (de) 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit chronometerhemmung, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr

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EP15177690.3A EP3121660B1 (de) 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Uhrhemmungsmechanismus mit chronometerhemmung, und mit einem solchen mechanismus ausgestattete uhr

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH714363B1 (fr) * 2017-11-23 2022-06-15 Gfpi Sa Système d'entretien d'un oscillateur horloger.
CH715023A1 (fr) * 2018-05-25 2019-11-29 Sa De La Manufacture Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie Échappement à détente auto-démarrant et sécurisé pour pièce d'horlogerie
EP3907566A1 (de) * 2020-05-05 2021-11-10 Montres Breguet S.A. Chronometerhemmung für uhren

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US48726A (en) * 1865-07-11 Improvement in chronometer-escapements
DE60334916D1 (de) * 2003-12-04 2010-12-23 Montres Breguet Sa Chronometerhemmung für Uhren
ATE459026T1 (de) * 2003-12-16 2010-03-15 Montres Breguet Sa Chronometerhemmung für uhren
DE602005005633T2 (de) * 2005-03-30 2009-04-16 Montres Breguet S.A. Chronometerhemmung für Uhren

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