EP3375898B1 - Matériau d'alliage de cuivre - Google Patents

Matériau d'alliage de cuivre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3375898B1
EP3375898B1 EP16863936.7A EP16863936A EP3375898B1 EP 3375898 B1 EP3375898 B1 EP 3375898B1 EP 16863936 A EP16863936 A EP 16863936A EP 3375898 B1 EP3375898 B1 EP 3375898B1
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mass
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copper alloy
crystal grain
alloy material
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3375898A1 (fr
EP3375898A4 (fr
Inventor
Shoichiro Yano
Kanta DAIRAKU
Toshio Sakamoto
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/06Permanent moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/061Materials which make up the mould
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a copper alloy material suitable for a part used in a high temperature environment such as a molding material for casting and a welding part such as a contact tip.
  • Cu-Cr-Zr-based alloys such as C18150 are used as a material for casting mold materials and welding members which are used at high temperatures, since they have excellent heat resistance and electrical conductivity as shown in Patent Literatures 1 and 2.
  • Cu-Cr-Zr-based alloy are usually produced by a production process, in which a cast made of Cu-Cr-Zr-based alloy is subjected to a plastic working; a solution treatment, for example in a condition of 950-1050°C of a retention temperature and 0.5-1.5 hours of a retention time, and an aging treatment, for example in a condition of 400-500°C of a retention temperature and 2-4 hours of a retention time, are performed on the plastically worked material; and then the material subjected to the solution and aging treatments is finished into a predetermined shape by machine working in the end.
  • a solution treatment for example in a condition of 950-1050°C of a retention temperature and 0.5-1.5 hours of a retention time
  • an aging treatment for example in a condition of 400-500°C of a retention temperature and 2-4 hours of a retention time
  • Cr and Zr are dissolved in the matrix of Cu by the solution treatment and fine precipitates of Cr and Zr are dispersed by the aging treatment to improve strength and conductivity.
  • Patent Literature 3 (PTL 3) describes a Cu alloy for a continuous casting mold consisting of 0.4 to 1.5 mass% Cr, 0.01 to 0.30 mass% Zr, 0.05 to 0.80 mass% Al, optionally 0.05 to 1.0 mass% of one or more of Fe, Ni and Co, optionally 0.01 to 0.60 mass% of one or two of Ti and Si and a balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities.
  • Non-Patent Literature 1 reports on the effect of zirconium and heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of cast chromium bronze for conductive parts and inter alia describes an alloy consisting of 0.31 mass% Cr, 0.043 mass% Zr and a balance being Cu.
  • the above-described Cu-Cr-Zr-based alloy has excellent heat resistance, when it is exposed to a use environment with a peak temperature of 500°C or more, occasionally, re-solution of precipitate starts for the strength and the conductivity to be reduced and for coarsening of the crystal grain to occur.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances.
  • An object of the present invention to provide a copper alloy material which is stable in characteristics and excellent in service life even when it is used in a high temperature environment of 500°C or more.
  • the present invention is directed to a copper alloy material having a composition including: 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass% of Cr; 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less of Zr; optionally 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less of Al; optionally one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg in a range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less as a total; and a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, wherein an average of crystal grain sizes is in a range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, a standard deviation of the crystal grain sizes is 0.6 or less, and an area ratio of crystallized Cr in cross section observation is 0.5 % or less (hereinafter, referred as "a copper alloy material of the present invention").
  • the composition includes 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass% of Cr; 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less of Zr; optionally 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less of Al; optionally one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg in a range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less as a total; and a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities.
  • strength (hardness) and conductivity can be improved.
  • crystallized Cr is reduced since the Cr content is set to a relatively low level at 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%.
  • occurrence of unevenly-sized re-crystallized grains because of accumulation of local strain due to these crystallized Cr can be suppressed. Therefore, local coarsening of crystal grains can be suppressed even in a case of being used under high temperature condition.
  • the average of the crystal grain sizes is set in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less in the copper alloy material of the present invention.
  • accumulation of strain is relatively low for the copper alloy material to be re-crystallized.
  • the standard deviation of the crystal grain sizes is set to 0.6 or less.
  • the crystal grain sizes are uniform, accumulation of local strain is less. Accordingly, local coarsening of crystal grains can be suppressed even in a case of being used under high temperature condition.
  • an area ratio of crystallized Cr in cross section observation is 0.5 % or less.
  • the area ratio of the crystallized Cr in cross section observation is set to 0.5 % or less, accumulation of local strain is less. Accordingly, local coarsening of crystal grains can be reliably suppressed even in a case of being used under high temperature condition.
  • an average of crystal grain sizes is in a range of 0.1 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, and a standard deviation of the crystal grain sizes is 1.5 or less
  • the composition of the copper alloy material may further include Al in a range of 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less.
  • composition of the copper alloy material further includes Al in a range of 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less, conductivity can be adjusted to about 30-60 %IACS.
  • the copper alloy material having such a conductivity is particularly suitable as a casting mold material for electromagnetic stirring applications.
  • the composition of the copper alloy material may further include one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg in a range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less as a total.
  • composition of the copper alloy material further includes one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg in the above-described range, coarsening of crystal grain sizes can be suppressed more reliably because of the grain boundary pinning effect by a compound including these elements.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a copper alloy material having stable characteristics and excellent service life even when it is used in a high temperature environment of 500°C or more.
  • the copper alloy material of the present embodiment is a material for a part used in a high temperature environment such as a molding material for casting and a welding part.
  • the copper alloy material according to the present embodiment has a composition including: 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass% of Cr; 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less of Zr; and a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities.
  • Al may be contained in the range of 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less, if necessary.
  • one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg may be contained in a total amount of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less.
  • the average of crystal grain sizes is in a range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and the standard deviation of the crystal grain sizes is 0.6 or less.
  • the area ratio of crystallized Cr in cross section observation is 0.5 % or less.
  • the area ratio of the crystallized Cr is determined by observing the structure of an arbitrary cross section of the copper alloy material (for example, a cross section parallel to the rolling direction) with microscopic etching, observing the structure with SEM or the like, and analyzing it.
  • the average of crystal grain sizes is in a range of 0.1 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, and the standard deviation of the crystal grain sizes is 1.5 or less.
  • Cr is an element having an action effect that improves strength (hardness) and electrical conductivity by finely precipitating Cr-based precipitates in crystal grains of the parent phase by means of an aging treatment.
  • the precipitation amount during the aging treatment becomes insufficient, and there is a concern that the strength (hardness) improvement effect cannot be sufficiently obtained.
  • the content of Cr is 0.5 mass% or more, a relatively large amount of crystallized Cr exist even after the solution treatment; local strain is accumulated due to these crystallized Cr; and sizes of recrystallized grains becomes uneven. When it is used under a high temperature environment, it is possible that the crystal grains are coarsened.
  • the content of Cr is set in a range of 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%. Meanwhile, in order to reliably exhibit the above-described action effect, the lower limit of the content of Cr is preferably set to 0.35 mass% or more, and the upper limit of the content of Cr is preferably set to 0.45 mass% or less.
  • Zr is an element having an action effect that improves strength (hardness) and electrical conductivity by finely precipitating Zr-based precipitates in the crystal grain boundaries of the parent phase by means of the aging treatment.
  • the precipitation amount during the aging treatment becomes insufficient, and there is a concern that the strength (hardness) improvement effect cannot be sufficiently obtained.
  • the content of Zr exceeds 0.15 mass%, there is a concern that electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity may decrease.
  • an additional strength improvement effect cannot be obtained.
  • the content of Zr is set in a range of 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less. Meanwhile, in order to reliably exhibit the above-described action effect, the lower limit of the content of Zr is preferably set to 0.05 mass% or more, and the upper limit of the content of Zr is preferably set to 0.13 mass% or less.
  • Al 0.1 mass% or more and less than 2.0 mass%
  • Al is an element having an action effect that decreases electrical conductivity by forming a solid solution in copper alloys. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the electrical conductivity of the copper alloy material to approximately 30% to 60%IACS by controlling the amount of Al added.
  • the content of Al is less than 0.1 mass%, it becomes difficult to suppress the electrical conductivity at a low level.
  • the content of Al is 2.0 mass% or more, there is a concern that the electrical conductivity may significantly decrease and the thermal conductivity may become insufficient.
  • the content of Al is set in a range of 0.1 mass% or more and less than 2.0 mass% in the case of adding Al. Meanwhile, in order to reliably exhibit the above-described action effect, the lower limit of the content of Al is preferably set to 0.3 mass% or more, and the upper limit of the content of Al is preferably set to 1.5 mass% or less. In the case where Al is not intentionally added, Al may be included in the inevitable impurities at less than 0.1 mass%.
  • Elements of Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg are elements that form fine compounds and exhibit a pinning effect to suppress crystal growth.
  • the total content of one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg is set in a range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less.
  • the lower limit of the total content of one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg P is preferably set to 0.02 mass% or more
  • the upper limit of the total content of one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg is preferably set to 0.07 mass% or less.
  • elements such as Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg are not intentionally added, these elements may be contained as impurities in a total amount of less than 0.005 mass%.
  • examples of the inevitable impurities other than Cr, Zr, Al, Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si, and Mg described above include B, Ag, Ca, Te, Mn, Ni, Sr, Ba, Sc , Y, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Os, Se, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Au, Cd, Ga, In, Li, Ge, As, Sb, Tl, Pb, Be, N, H, Hg, Tc, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Po, Bi, lanthanoids, O, S, C and the like. Since there is a concern that these inevitable impurities may decrease the electrical conductivity and the thermal conductivity, the total amount thereof is preferably set to 0.05 mass% or less.
  • the standard deviation of the crystal grain size exceeds 0.6, the deviation of the crystal grain sizes becomes large and strain is locally accumulated. Thus, when used under a high temperature environment, the crystal grains become coarse. In addition, the mechanical properties may be deteriorated.
  • the average crystal grain size is set in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and the standard deviation of the crystal grain size is set to be 0.6 or less.
  • the lower limit of the average crystal grain size is preferably 0.15 mm or more, and the upper limit of the average crystal grain size is preferably 1.0 mm or less.
  • the area ratio of the crystallized Cr in the cross sectional observation is set to be 0.5% or less.
  • the upper limit of the area ratio of the crystallized Cr is preferably 0.3% or less.
  • the average crystal grain size after the heat treatment maintained at 1000°C for 1 hour is set in the range of 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm, the standard deviation of the crystal grain size is 1.5 or less.
  • the lower limit of the average crystal grain size is preferably 0.2 mm or more, and the upper limit of the average crystal grain size is preferably 0.5 mm or less.
  • a copper raw material made of oxygen-free copper having a copper purity of 99.99 mass% or higher is loaded into a carbon crucible and is melted using a vacuum melting furnace, thereby obtaining molten copper.
  • the above-described additive elements are added to the obtained molten metal so as to obtain a predetermined concentration, and components are formulated, thereby obtaining a molten copper alloy.
  • raw materials of Cr, and Zr which are the additive elements Cr, and Zr having a high purity are used, and, for example, Cr having a purity of 99.99 mass% or higher is used as a raw material of Cr, and Zr having a purity of 99.95 mass% or higher is used as a raw material of Zr.
  • Al, Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg are added thereto as necessary.
  • parent alloys with Cu may also be used as raw materials of Al, Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg.
  • the component-formulated molten copper alloy is injected into a die, thereby obtaining an ingot.
  • a homogenization treatment is carried out on the ingot in the atmosphere under conditions of 950°C or higher and 1,050°C or lower for one hour or longer.
  • hot rolling with a working percentage of 50% or higher and 99% or lower is carried out on the ingot in a temperature range of 900°C or higher and 1,000°C or lower, thereby obtaining a rolled material.
  • the method of the hot working may be hot forging. After this hot working, the rolled material is immediately cooled by means of water cooling.
  • a heating treatment is carried out on the rolled material obtained in the hot working step S03 under conditions of 920°C or higher and 1,050°C or lower for 0.5 hours or longer and five hours or shorter, thereby carrying out a solution treatment.
  • the heating treatment is carried out, for example, in the atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere, and as cooling after the heating, water cooling is carried out.
  • the first aging treatment is carried out under conditions of, for example, 400°C or higher and 530°C or lower for 0.5 hours or longer and five hours or shorter.
  • the thermal treatment method during the aging treatment is not particularly limited, but the thermal treatment is preferably carried out in an inert gas atmosphere.
  • the cooling method after the heating treatment is not particularly limited, but water cooling is preferably carried out.
  • the copper alloy material that is the present embodiment is manufactured.
  • the casting mold material of the present invention since the casting mold material is provided with a composition including 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass% of Cr, 0.01 mass% or more and 0.15 mass% or less of Zr, and a balance being Cu and inevitable impurities, fine precipitates can be precipitated by performing the solution and aging treatments. Thus, strength and electrical conductivity can be improved.
  • the Cr content is set to a relatively low content of 0.3 mass% or more and less than 0.5 mass%, crystallized Cr hardly exists after the solution treatment. Specifically, the area ratio of crystallized Cr in cross section observation is 0.5% or less. Therefore, occurrence of unevenly sized recrystallized grains by accumulation of local strain due to the crystallized Cr can be suppressed. Accordingly, local coarsening of crystal grains can be reliably suppressed even when it is used under a high temperature environment.
  • the average crystal grain size is set in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and the standard deviation of the crystal grain size is set to 0.6 or less, so that there is less accumulation of local strain. Accordingly, local coarsening of crystal grains can be reliably suppressed even when it is used under a high temperature environment.
  • the average crystal grain size after the heat treatment maintained at 1000°C for 1 hour is set in the range of 0.1 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less, and the standard deviation of the crystal grain size is set to 1.5 or less.
  • the conductivity when Al is contained in the range of 0.1 mass% or more and 2.0 mass% or less, the conductivity can be adjusted to about 30 to 60 %IACS.
  • the copper alloy material further includes one or more elements selected from Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si and Mg in a range of 0.005 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less as a total, coarsening of crystal grains can be more reliably suppressed by the pinning effect of a compound containing these elements.
  • a copper raw material made of oxygen-free copper having a copper purity of 99.99 mass% or higher was prepared, was loaded into a carbon crucible, and was melted using a vacuum melting furnace (with a degree of vacuum of 10 -2 Pa or lower), thereby obtaining molten copper.
  • a variety of additive elements were added to the obtained molten copper so as to formulate a component composition shown in Table 1, the component composition was maintained for five minutes, and then the molten copper alloy was injected into a cast iron die, thereby obtaining an ingot.
  • the sizes of the ingot were set to a width of approximately 80 mm, a thickness of approximately 50 mm, and a length of approximately 130 mm.
  • a homogenization treatment was carried out in the atmosphere under conditions of 1,000°C for one hour, and then hot rolling was carried out.
  • the rolling reduction in the hot rolling was set to 80%, thereby obtaining a hot-rolled material having a width of approximately 100 mm, a thickness of approximately 10 mm, and a length of approximately 520 mm.
  • the structure of the copper alloy material after the aging treatment was observed, and the standard deviation of the average crystal grain size and crystal grain size was measured.
  • the average crystal grain size and the standard deviation of the crystal grain diameter after the heat treatment for 1 hour at 1000°C retention were measured for this copper alloy material.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show the structure observation pictures of the copper alloy materials of Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Example 4, respectively, after the above-described aging treatment and before the heat treatment at 1000°C for 1 hour retention.
  • FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B show the structure observation pictures of the copper alloy materials of Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Example 4, respectively, after the above-described aging treatment and the heat treatment at 1000°C for 1 hour retention.
  • the component composition of the obtained copper alloy material was measured by ICP-MS analysis. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
  • a sample of 10 mm ⁇ 15 mm from the central portion of the plate width was cut out from the obtained thickness of the copper alloy material and the surface in the rolling direction (RD direction) was polished and then micro etching was performed.
  • a sample of 10 mm ⁇ 15 mm from the central portion of the plate width was cut out from the thickness of the copper alloy material and the surface in the rolling direction (RD direction) was polished and then micro etching was performed.
  • FIGS. 4A to 4D show SEM-EPMA images of Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Example 4.
  • FIGS. 2A and 3A in Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention, local grain coarsening was suppressed even after being placed in a high-temperature environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Claims (1)

  1. Matériau d'alliage de cuivre présentant une composition incluant :
    0,3 % en masse ou plus et moins de 0,5 % en masse de Cr ;
    0,01 % en masse ou plus et 0,15 % en masse ou moins de Zr ;
    facultativement 0,1 % en masse ou plus et 2,0 % en masse ou moins d'Al ;
    facultativement un ou plusieurs éléments sélectionnés parmi Fe, Co, Sn, Zn, P, Si et Mg dans une plage de 0,005 % en masse ou plus et 0,1 % en masse ou moins au total ; et
    le reste étant Cu et des impuretés inévitables,
    dans lequel une moyenne des tailles des grains cristallins est dans une plage de 0,1 mm ou plus et de 2,0 mm ou moins,
    un écart-type des tailles des grains cristallins est de 0,6 ou moins, et
    un rapport de surface de Cr cristallisé dans une observation en coupe transversale est de 0,5 % ou moins.
EP16863936.7A 2015-11-09 2016-10-11 Matériau d'alliage de cuivre Active EP3375898B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2015219852A JP6693092B2 (ja) 2015-11-09 2015-11-09 銅合金素材
PCT/JP2016/080125 WO2017081972A1 (fr) 2015-11-09 2016-10-11 Matériau d'alliage de cuivre

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EP3375898A4 EP3375898A4 (fr) 2019-04-03
EP3375898B1 true EP3375898B1 (fr) 2022-05-11

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CN106350698B (zh) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-27 宁波博威合金板带有限公司 抗软化铜合金、制备方法及其应用
JP7035478B2 (ja) * 2017-11-21 2022-03-15 三菱マテリアル株式会社 鋳造用モールド材
US20220119919A1 (en) * 2019-02-20 2022-04-21 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Copper alloy material, commutator segment, and electrode material
CN112981170B (zh) * 2021-02-05 2022-04-12 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 一种冷镦用铬锆铜合金及其制备方法
CN114318049A (zh) * 2021-12-16 2022-04-12 镇江市镇特合金材料有限公司 一种用于焊头箱体的高寿命铜合金及其制备方法
CN115896535B (zh) * 2022-11-26 2023-12-12 广州番禺职业技术学院 一种铜香炉材料及其制备方法

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EP3375898A1 (fr) 2018-09-19
WO2017081972A1 (fr) 2017-05-18
JP6693092B2 (ja) 2020-05-13
CN108350530A (zh) 2018-07-31
US20190062874A1 (en) 2019-02-28
KR20180078245A (ko) 2018-07-09
EP3375898A4 (fr) 2019-04-03
JP2017088949A (ja) 2017-05-25

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