EP3352903B1 - Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von materialien - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von materialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3352903B1
EP3352903B1 EP16774900.1A EP16774900A EP3352903B1 EP 3352903 B1 EP3352903 B1 EP 3352903B1 EP 16774900 A EP16774900 A EP 16774900A EP 3352903 B1 EP3352903 B1 EP 3352903B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trough
plate
wear
base plate
wear plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16774900.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3352903A1 (de
Inventor
Helmut Bauser
Jochen KAMM
Ulrich Voss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Original Assignee
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau filed Critical Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Publication of EP3352903A1 publication Critical patent/EP3352903A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3352903B1 publication Critical patent/EP3352903B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/282—Shape or inner surface of mill-housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
    • B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2210/00—Codes relating to different types of disintegrating devices
    • B02C2210/02—Features for generally used wear parts on beaters, knives, rollers, anvils, linings and the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for crushing materials according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a vertical mill is known in which it is proposed to mount at least one ejection flap on the cylindrical side or on the bottom of the vertical mill.
  • An external sieve should preferably be replaced by an ejection flap.
  • the drive is arranged outside the impact chamber.
  • a crushing device is also known.
  • the above devices are only suitable to a limited extent for the comminution of food that has been stored for a long time or materials that have a higher basic or inherent moisture content and partially free water. Especially with a mixed crushing of different materials in packaging, the previously separated contents together and/or with the packaging itself contribute to the formation of hazardous, galvanic or even explosive mixtures.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device with which material flows, preferably with a high moisture content and/or metallic content, can be comminuted, with wear resistance and any safety specifications being able to be observed.
  • the invention is based on a device for comminuting materials that preferably contain moisture, comprising a housing for forming an impact chamber with a rotating impact means driven therein by a preferably vertically aligned axis, the housing of the impact chamber being a base plate, a cover, a connecting plate Wall, and an inlet and an outlet opening is arranged.
  • the materials can contain mixed plastics and metals with biogenic components. These can consist, for example, of foodstuffs that have been stored for a long time, which are to be separated from their packaging and, for example, are to be recycled in a biogas plant.
  • a trough made of at least one layer of plastic is arranged in the impact chamber at least along the base plate and a wear plate is arranged on the other side of the layer of plastic.
  • the trough and/or the wearing plate can be designed in multiple parts.
  • the joints are preferably connected and sealed with a material bond. This ensures that the housing is separated from the impact chamber, particularly in the case of a material flow with a metallic component or liquids that could trigger a galvanic reaction.
  • the joints of the trough segments and the wear plates can be arranged essentially at a distance from one another. This increases the sealing effect and minimizes wear and tear at the joints, seams or welds.
  • This opening plate can preferably almost contain the opening angle of the outlet opening and is therefore simple and easy to replace.
  • a harder material than the material of the housing can preferably be arranged for the wear plate, for example Hardox 400 or Hardox 600. Hardox is the manufacturer's designation of a wear plate.
  • the wear plate and/or the trough can be arranged with an outward gradient in the area of the outlet opening. This allows liquid to exit the impingement space without difficulty.
  • the trough, the wear plate and/or the opening plate can be arranged at least partially in the area of the base plate with a gradient in the direction of the outlet opening.
  • a self-cleaning effect is to be made possible in that the liquids present can automatically exit the device, in particular when the device is at a standstill.
  • the trough and/or the wearing plate can be arranged in the area of the base plate with a gradient from the wall in the direction of the axis.
  • This embodiment also serves the self-cleaning effect and also prevents accumulations at the transition between the base plate and the wall.
  • At least one depression can be arranged in the wear plate and/or in the plastic on the impact chamber side in the area of the base plate to form a channel, with the channel preferably being in operative connection with the outlet opening by means of a gradient.
  • the axis can be inclined relative to the base plate and/or the axis can be arranged essentially perpendicular to the alignment of the gradient in the direction of the outlet opening.
  • the invention is used in a comparable striking device with a horizontally arranged axis.
  • the invention can also be used in cutting devices according to the teaching and can meaningfully protect the impact space or the outer shell.
  • compensating pieces preferably made of the same material, can be arranged between the wear plate of the wall and the wear plate of the base plate. This is particularly advantageous when there is a gradient in the area of the base plate. In this case, the wear plates can nevertheless be manufactured uniformly and only the compensating pieces that are easy to handle or produce require a special geometry.
  • an elevation preferably in the form of a cone, can be arranged in the area where the axle passes through the base plate, the trough and/or the wear plate in the direction of the impact chamber.
  • the elevation creates a seal against a liquid in the impact chamber or supports an existing seal between the axle and the base plate in its effect.
  • the surface of the elevation or the cone is arranged in the area of the striking tool plane-parallel to the plane of the rotational movement of the striking tool. This prevents materials from becoming trapped between the rotating impact tool and the base plate.
  • the joints between the wear plates are used as channels.
  • overlaps or tongue and groove connections can be arranged at the joints between the wear plates to prevent moisture or other substances from penetrating between the wear plates or between the wear plates.
  • figure 1 shows a schematic section through a device with a vertically arranged axis 12, driven by a drive 14, for rotating an impact tool 13 in an impact chamber 11 defined by a housing 1.
  • the housing consists essentially of a base plate 2, a cover 10 and a this connecting wall 3. Provision is preferably made for an inlet opening 15 for the material flow to be arranged in the cover 10 and an outlet opening 16 for the comminuted material to be arranged between the base plate 2 and the wall 3.
  • the wall 3 can be cylindrical or polygonal. Inside the impact chamber 11 a layer of plastic is arranged on the base plate 2 and then on the base plate 2 at least on the lower parts of the wall 3 to form a trough 4 .
  • the trough is drawn in at an angle in the direction of the outlet opening 16 in the area of the base plate 2 .
  • An adjustable slide (not shown) is provided in the outlet opening 16 and regulates the throughput or the quantity of material exiting from the impact chamber 11 .
  • the proposed structure of the layers applied within the housing 1 can be found using the example of a trough 4 enclosing the entire impact chamber 11 .
  • a wear plate 5 on the pan 4 on the rebound chamber side arranged.
  • the wear plate 5 is only designed according to the requirements inside the impact chamber 11, with the dashed line indicating the more optional area.
  • the production preferably takes place as follows. First, the impact chamber is lined from the inside with suitable molded pieces (trough segments) made of plastic, which are welded together.
  • the trough segments 17 are adjusted as required and depending on the design of the trough (cf. figure 1 ) selected and have joints 19 on.
  • the tub segments 17 made of plastic already have the necessary gradient, as proposed in the various features according to the invention.
  • the material is preferably welded or glued at the joints between the shaped pieces.
  • the wearing plates 5, likewise as segments, are then placed on the molded plastic pieces in the impact chamber 11 and arranged there in their appropriate position. Most preferably, the geometry of the segments of the wear plates will hold them in place. Particularly preferably, these can also be glued to the plastic at certain points or fixed in some other way.
  • figure 3 shows a top view of the wear plates 5 arranged on the base plate 2 and two associated sections through the structure of the first layer made of plastic and the wear plates 5 arranged thereon.
  • the reference number for the wear plate 5 is not shown on each wear plate in order to maintain clarity.
  • a preferably one-piece opening plate 8 is arranged, through which the material and especially residual liquid can escape without any problems.
  • This orifice plate is preferably suitable for forming a gradient G as a result of being mounted on the trough or as a result of its geometry, which is shown with arrows and is intended to correspond to the direction of flow of a liquid.
  • there is also an outer ring of wear plates 5 which are arranged on the wall 3 .
  • wear plates 5 form a gradient G away from the wall 3 through the trough 4 and/or through their geometry 5 .
  • a channel 7 can be arranged between the outer and inner ring of wear plates 5, which runs all the way to the outlet opening 16 and/or the opening plate 8 and, above all, leads residual liquid out of the impact chamber 11 in the direction of the outlet opening 16 when it is at a standstill or during cleaning.
  • the trough 4 preferably has a basic gradient of, for example, 1° in the direction of the outlet opening.
  • the inclination or gradient of the wear plates 5 can vary in this regard.
  • the inner rim of the wearing plates can have a gradient in the direction of the channel 7, as shown.
  • axle 12 In the middle of the base plate 2 there is the axle 12, which is preferably guided in the area of the passage through an elevation in the trough.
  • This survey can be designed as a cone 6 and is shown more clearly in the lower sectional view.
  • the cone 6 can be covered with wear plates 5 (not shown).
  • the surface 18 of the cone is coplanar with the plane of rotation of the impact tool to prevent materials being trapped between the cone and the impact tool.
  • joints 19 between tub segments 17 of tub 4 which are covered by dashed lines, are shown at the top left. These are preferably located differently than the joints 18 of the wear plates 5.
  • the compensating pieces 20 are also shown, which can be arranged between the wear plates 5 of the wall 3 and the wear plates 5 of the base plate 2 in order to compensate for any angles or gradient specifications from the trough. It is then advantageously possible to use wear plates 5 which are uniform and therefore simpler and easier to produce.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP16774900.1A 2015-09-25 2016-09-23 Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von materialien Active EP3352903B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015116285.7A DE102015116285B3 (de) 2015-09-25 2015-09-25 Vorrichtung zur Zerkleinerung von Materialien
PCT/EP2016/072716 WO2017050981A1 (de) 2015-09-25 2016-09-23 Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von materialien

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3352903A1 EP3352903A1 (de) 2018-08-01
EP3352903B1 true EP3352903B1 (de) 2022-11-23

Family

ID=57044929

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16774900.1A Active EP3352903B1 (de) 2015-09-25 2016-09-23 Vorrichtung zur zerkleinerung von materialien

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180290147A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3352903B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN108025312B (zh)
DE (1) DE102015116285B3 (zh)
WO (1) WO2017050981A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB866638A (en) * 1959-10-23 1961-04-26 Sturtevant Mill Co Rotary pulverizer mill
ZA717546B (en) * 1971-11-09 1972-12-27 V Acton Improvements in impact crushers
DE2302466C2 (de) * 1973-01-19 1982-12-09 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Feststoffen
DE4128225A1 (de) * 1991-08-26 1993-03-04 Francois Carre Brech- bzw. zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit vertikaler achse
EP0859693B1 (de) * 1995-11-11 2000-04-26 Schäfer Elektrotechnik - Sondermaschinen Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verarbeiten von bauteilen aus mischkunststoffen und damit vermischten anderen baustoffen sowie deren anwendung
CN2372058Y (zh) * 1998-10-23 2000-04-05 胡三杰 垃圾处理器
DE102005021503A1 (de) * 2005-05-10 2006-11-30 Schäfer, Ralf Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Bauteilen aus Stoffgemischen
CN201384970Y (zh) * 2009-04-28 2010-01-20 张寅啸 磁吸附防噪音节能衬板
CN201921729U (zh) * 2010-12-14 2011-08-10 咸阳非金属矿研究设计院有限公司 对撞式超细粉磨机
DE102012104781A1 (de) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Proactor Schutzrechtsverwaltungs Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Zerkleinern von Teilen oder Gütern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017050981A1 (de) 2017-03-30
CN108025312A (zh) 2018-05-11
DE102015116285B3 (de) 2017-08-03
US20180290147A1 (en) 2018-10-11
CN108025312B (zh) 2021-04-06
EP3352903A1 (de) 2018-08-01

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