EP3223970B1 - Oberflächentexturierung von umformungswerkzeugen - Google Patents

Oberflächentexturierung von umformungswerkzeugen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3223970B1
EP3223970B1 EP15781952.5A EP15781952A EP3223970B1 EP 3223970 B1 EP3223970 B1 EP 3223970B1 EP 15781952 A EP15781952 A EP 15781952A EP 3223970 B1 EP3223970 B1 EP 3223970B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
embossing
substrate
rolling
deformation
tension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15781952.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3223970A1 (de
Inventor
Arnt Kohlrausch
Hartmut Pawelski
Markus SCHELLMANN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PL15781952T priority Critical patent/PL3223970T3/pl
Publication of EP3223970A1 publication Critical patent/EP3223970A1/de
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Publication of EP3223970B1 publication Critical patent/EP3223970B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
    • B21B27/005—Rolls with a roughened or textured surface; Methods for making same
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
    • B21H8/005—Embossing sheets or rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
    • B44B5/0047—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins by rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B2001/228—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length skin pass rolling or temper rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B5/00—Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins
    • B44B5/02—Dies; Accessories
    • B44B5/026—Dies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49544—Roller making
    • Y10T29/4956—Fabricating and shaping roller work contacting surface element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a forming tool, which has a structured embossing surface which can be brought into contact with the surface of a substrate for the plastic deformation of a substrate. Furthermore, the invention relates to such a forming tool.
  • embossing surfaces such as the surface of a work roll in the rolling mill
  • the goal is to impress a stamping of the surface structure of the embossing surface in the relevant surface of the substrate by plastic deformation.
  • Such an embossment which superimposes any existing material and / or process-related near-surface roughness structure, may be motivated by optical, tribological, material-technical, joining-technical or by a combination of these reasons.
  • An example process flow for the surface embossing of sheet metal in the so-called skin-pass method is to be briefly outlined:
  • rolls with a defined roughness are used to fulfill gripping conditions and lubrication conditions for the forming.
  • the roughness of the rolls is impressed on the sheet.
  • the sheets are annealed to produce the required formability for subsequent deep drawing.
  • changes in surface structures during annealing are difficult to avoid.
  • the sheet also has a pronounced yield strength, which can lead to flow patterns during forming.
  • SBT Shot Blast Texturing
  • EDT Electrical Discharge Texturing
  • LT Laser Texturing
  • EBT Electron Beam Texturing
  • a plastic deformation takes place not only in the vicinity of the surface, but this process requires a flow of material along at least one other main direction.
  • a decrease in thickness of the substrate takes place, which leads primarily to an elongation.
  • the elongation is usually wanted and also unavoidable. It leads to a stretching of the material in the rolling direction.
  • An extension transverse to the rolling direction does not take place or hardly occurs.
  • the elongation or more generally the deformation along one or more principal directions, has the consequence that a structure applied to the surface or applied to the surface corresponds to the degree of deformation along the main directions (when rolling according to the degree of reduction in thickness or elongation) is distorted geometrically.
  • An originally circular structure for example, is deformed to an ellipse whose major axis is parallel to the rolling direction.
  • the quality of the impression can be significantly affected by this process-related distortion.
  • an undistorted image is desired, but this is only the case if a deformation along such directions, which do not belong to the texturing, ie along the above-mentioned main directions, is avoided.
  • a significant conflict of objectives in the plastic forming with surface texturing is thus that a high quality of the embossing precludes a high degree of deformation.
  • a high degree of deformation along one or more main directions such as a strong reduction of the material at constant mass flow, in turn, promotes productivity. In this respect, an increase in productivity also precludes the quality of the desired surface texture.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a forming tool and a method for producing the same, with which a high degree of deformation can be achieved with improved quality of embossing.
  • the JP H05 92283 A describes a method and an apparatus for processing a surface of a work roll by means of a laser.
  • the method according to the invention serves to produce a forming tool that has a structured embossing surface.
  • the structured embossing surface can be brought into contact with the surface of a substrate for plastic deformation of a substrate.
  • the substrate is, for example, a metal sheet to be rolled, and the embossing surface is preferably the peripheral surface of a work roll, such as a temper rolling.
  • the invention is also suitable for other forming processes, such as forging, stamping, stamping or plating.
  • a target structure to be fabricated on the substrate which is also called a texture
  • This is the desired surface profile to be produced by means of plastic deformation.
  • the target structure could be clearly represented as a two-dimensional function, a mountain and valley profile depending on the position on the surface.
  • the target structure is isotropic, i. at least in some respects direction-independent, designed.
  • the definition of the target structure may also include a measure of roughness (average roughness, squared roughness, average roughness, peak number, etc.). Unintentional distortion of the target structure was particularly evident in the past in structures of high roughness or high degrees of deformation. This problem is solved by the invention, and insofar it is particularly suitable for target structures of this type.
  • the target structure is then geometrically distorted, resulting in a structure that will be referred to herein as a mintage mapping structure.
  • the geometric distortion includes, in particular, upsetting and stretching of the target structure.
  • the purpose of this transformation is to create an indispensable and usually desired deformation of the substrate along one or several main directions.
  • the main direction is a direction that is not determined by the profiling or texturing along which, nonetheless, a plastic deformation of the substrate takes place during profiling.
  • the forming process is the above-mentioned rolling process
  • the said main direction corresponds to the rolling direction; because along the rolling direction, a stretching or elongation of the material takes place, which comes about through the rolling action, but not through the actual structure.
  • An elongation transversely to the rolling direction does not take place, or at least scarcely, so that in the rolling process a deformation along only one main direction can be assumed.
  • the transformation can take place along several main directions.
  • the geometric transformation thus compensates for the elongation of the substrate in the rolling direction in the case of rolling. For example, if the target structure consists of a plurality of circles, they are consciously and intentionally compressed into ellipses within the geometric distortion, their main axes being transverse to the rolling direction.
  • the embossing image structure is then inverted, thereby obtaining a structure called an embossed structure.
  • the embossing surface of the forming tool is then manufactured according to the embossing structure thus obtained.
  • the embossing structure is the structure with which the embossing surface of the forming tool is to be provided.
  • the invention allows a high degree of embossment from the tool to the substrate without creating unintentional distortions on the target texture. It can be realized high roughness, without such a negative the quality of the target structure.
  • regular and / or isotropic structures with a high degree of deformation can be produced with the method presented here. In contrast to more stochastic structures, where a distortion is to be considered directly.
  • low degrees of deformation and / or other disadvantageous technical solutions were required.
  • the target structure is preferably described by a transfer function whose parameters or arguments contain the embossed structure and one or more process parameters.
  • the process parameters describe the forming behavior of the substrate during the plastic deformation along one or more main directions.
  • the term "process parameters" is generally understood herein and includes parameters of the substrate to be processed as well as those parameters that describe properties of the forming tool.
  • the deformation along a main direction may depend on the substrate thickness, for example the sheet thickness or strip thickness during rolling.
  • the formability may depend on the yield stress of the material.
  • a geometric size, in the rolling process about the diameter of the roller can also influence the forming behavior of the substrate. The larger the roll diameter, the smaller the elongation in the rolling direction.
  • embossing speed for example the rolling speed in the rolling process
  • tension along one or more main directions during forming a coefficient of friction between Embossing tool and substrate and / or another measure for the extension of the material.
  • the embossing pattern has an anisotropic geometric property whose counterpart is isotropic in the target structure.
  • the embossing structure in its entirety may be anisotropic, i. Depending on the direction (analogous to the target structure in its entirety isotropic, i.e. direction-independent), or only one or more geometric properties of the structure can be provided anisotropically or isotropically. For example, if the target structure is made up of a plurality of circles, then these circles may be anisotropically distributed. Nonetheless, the structure would have a corresponding isotropic property - the circles. In the embossed structure these circles would be compressed to ellipses.
  • SBT Hot Blast Texturing
  • EDT Electronic Discharge Texturing
  • LT Layer
  • EBT Electronic Beam Texturing
  • Pretex Pretex
  • shot blast texturing macroscopic particles are accelerated by a blast wheel onto the embossing surface.
  • the particles plastically deform the surface and possibly knock out material.
  • the roughness can be adjusted by the speed of the blast wheel, the blasting medium, the hardness of the embossing surface, the abrasive throughput and / or the processing time.
  • Electrodes are moved to the preferably moving embossing surface (for example to the rotating roll surface) without touching it.
  • a high-voltage pulse of the electric generator produces a sufficiently high electric field strength between electrode and substrate, so that a spark discharge occurs in the dielectric between the two poles.
  • the fuel flow flows in the plasma of the forming arc.
  • a small area of the embossing surface is melted. In the dielectric gas bubbles form. When you turn off the Erodierimpulses implode the Gas bubbles and the molten material is ejected.
  • the roughness can be adjusted in addition to the hardness of the embossing surface on parameters such as voltage, current, control times and distance of the electrodes. Compared to SBT, EDT can produce higher peak numbers and lower roughness with higher reproducibility.
  • Laser texturing focuses a laser beam onto the embossing surface and melts a small area of the surface. A chopper wheel or a suitable electronic control interrupts the jet, and the melt is blown out by the pressure of the plasma and an inert gas.
  • the melt either collects around a bead around the edge of the crater or is piled up on one side of the crater and solidifies there.
  • the feed of the laser beam, the chopper speed and the inert gas are used.
  • an electron beam is used to melt the material of the embossing surface. Part of the molten material vaporizes so that the vapor pressure accumulates the melt into a ring around the crater.
  • the embossing surface is electrolytically hard-chrome plated. The control of the voltage between the anode and the embossing surface serving as a cathode results in the formation of spherical-segment-shaped structural elements on the surface.
  • the invention further relates to a forming tool having the features of claim 10.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the sequence of a Nachwalzreaes in which by means of a structured embossing surface of a work roll a metal strip a structure is plastically impressed.
  • the FIG. 1 schematically shows a process of re-rolling a metal strip 1, which is an example of the more general term "substrate".
  • the reference numeral 1 denotes not only a metal strip, but also indicates its surface structure, such as before re-rolling, on Bandeinvier the rolling mill 2 could be present.
  • the metal strip 1 has at this point in addition to the surface structure, which is referred to below as OE, a strip thickness h and a yield stress kf.
  • a suitable geometric structure or texture is applied to one or both surfaces of the metal strip 1 in a combined embossing and thickness reduction process.
  • embossing of a structure into the surface of the metal strip take place in the rolling plant 2, but the strip also experiences an elongation, which is associated with a reduction in thickness.
  • elongation and structuring there is thus a deformation along another skin direction, in the present case the longitudinal and transport direction of the band 1.
  • the work roll 3 that is to say that roll which has the embossing surface with a specific surface structure and impresses it into the substrate 1, has a diameter of only approximately 400 mm.
  • Other diameters are of course also possible.
  • experiments have been successfully carried out with a roll diameter of about 230 mm.
  • the diameter of the work roll is denoted by D.
  • embossing by means of several work rolls is possible if both sides of the strip are to be embossed or the pattern to be produced requires several embossing steps.
  • the work roll 3 has an embossing surface, which in the FIG. 1 designated by the reference numeral 4.
  • the embossing surface 4 has a structure which is to be impressed on the substrate 1.
  • the structure of the embossing surface 4 can be described by a function, which will be referred to below as OW.
  • the resulting surface texture is not only a function of OW, but depends on further process parameters; for example, the extension ⁇ due to the reduction in thickness by rolling, the rolling speed v, the strip tension at the inlet FE, the strip tension at the outlet FA and the friction ⁇ in the nip.
  • One or more of these parameters determine the elongation of the tape along the transport direction of the tape. This is a deformation which distorts the structure predetermined by the embossing surface 4 of the work roll 3, whereby there is conventionally an unintentional anisotropy of the structure at the strip outlet.
  • OA f OW ; OE . D . H . kf . ⁇ . v . FE . FA . ⁇
  • isotropy and “anisotropy” in the present text refer to at least one or more geometric properties that can be identified in the embossing surface 4 and in the target structure 5 and compared with each other. If the embossing surface 4 of the work roll 3, for example, has circles which have led on the strip surface 5 at the output of the rolling mill 2 to ellipses with parallel to the transport direction major axis, then the structure OW was anisotropically distorted.
  • the diameter of the work roll can be increased or, for example, an increase in the nip friction can be sought. Both possibilities are associated with technical and / or economic disadvantages, such as a structural enlargement of the plant and a greater energy demand.
  • the desired surface texture OA of the aluminum strip 1 is generated by the work roll 3 regardless of the degree of deformation by selecting a compressed, generally distorted, surface texture OW.
  • the distorted, usually anisotropic surface texture 4 of the work roll 3 is selected as the inverse of the transfer function OA and applied to the desired target texture OW.
  • the structure which defines the transfer function OA is referred to herein as an imprint mapping structure.
  • Any fine adjustment of the impression characteristics of the work roll 3, or generally of the tool, on the substrate 1 can by changing other process parameters, such as the belt tension at the inlet FE and outlet FA, the extension ⁇ , the rolling speed v and / or the friction in the nip ( Lubrication) ⁇ can be realized.
  • OA represented by height profile zA (x, y)
  • OW represented by height profile zW (x, y) x: rolling direction
  • the embossing surface can be made.
  • Various techniques are available, such as Shot Blast Texturing (SBT), Electrical Discharge Texturing (EDT), Laser Texturing (LT), Electron Beam Texturing (EBT), Pretex.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
EP15781952.5A 2014-11-28 2015-10-21 Oberflächentexturierung von umformungswerkzeugen Active EP3223970B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15781952T PL3223970T3 (pl) 2014-11-28 2015-10-21 Strukturyzowanie powierzchni narzędzi do obróbki plastycznej

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014224413 2014-11-28
DE102014226970.9A DE102014226970A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2014-12-23 Oberflächentexturierung von Umformungswerkzeugen
PCT/EP2015/074288 WO2016083026A1 (de) 2014-11-28 2015-10-21 Oberflächentexturierung von umformungswerkzeugen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3223970A1 EP3223970A1 (de) 2017-10-04
EP3223970B1 true EP3223970B1 (de) 2019-02-20

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Family Applications (1)

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EP15781952.5A Active EP3223970B1 (de) 2014-11-28 2015-10-21 Oberflächentexturierung von umformungswerkzeugen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US10864565B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3223970B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6574993B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR102042025B1 (ja)
CN (1) CN107000000A (ja)
DE (1) DE102014226970A1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2726917T3 (ja)
PL (1) PL3223970T3 (ja)
RU (1) RU2677814C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2016083026A1 (ja)

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RU2696996C1 (ru) * 2015-12-04 2019-08-08 Арконик Инк. Тиснение листа, подвергнутого электроразрядному текстурированию
JP6948540B1 (ja) * 2021-01-27 2021-10-13 株式会社田中製作所 ラベルカッターユニット、刃体、刃体の製造方法、刃体の製造装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6574993B2 (ja) 2019-09-18
RU2017122480A3 (ja) 2018-12-28
CN107000000A (zh) 2017-08-01
DE102014226970A1 (de) 2016-06-02
KR20170073668A (ko) 2017-06-28
KR102042025B1 (ko) 2019-11-07
EP3223970A1 (de) 2017-10-04
ES2726917T3 (es) 2019-10-10
RU2677814C2 (ru) 2019-01-21
JP2018504279A (ja) 2018-02-15
WO2016083026A1 (de) 2016-06-02
RU2017122480A (ru) 2018-12-28
US20170320114A1 (en) 2017-11-09
US10864565B2 (en) 2020-12-15
PL3223970T3 (pl) 2019-07-31

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