EP3087168B1 - Lubricating composition - Google Patents
Lubricating composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3087168B1 EP3087168B1 EP14819002.8A EP14819002A EP3087168B1 EP 3087168 B1 EP3087168 B1 EP 3087168B1 EP 14819002 A EP14819002 A EP 14819002A EP 3087168 B1 EP3087168 B1 EP 3087168B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating composition
- monoester
- composition according
- meth
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 126
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 74
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 63
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 49
- -1 aliphatic monocarboxylic acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 49
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 41
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007866 anti-wear additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UTPYTEWRMXITIN-YDWXAUTNSA-N 1-methyl-3-[(e)-[(3e)-3-(methylcarbamothioylhydrazinylidene)butan-2-ylidene]amino]thiourea Chemical compound CNC(=S)N\N=C(/C)\C(\C)=N\NC(=S)NC UTPYTEWRMXITIN-YDWXAUTNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010710 diesel engine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- UUGXDEDGRPYWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylamino)methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C UUGXDEDGRPYWHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVPKLOPETWVKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,2-tribromoethenylbenzene Chemical class BrC(Br)=C(Br)C1=CC=CC=C1 JVPKLOPETWVKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC=C OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIWIYLWZIIJNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-sulfanylpyrazole Chemical compound SN1C=CC=N1 OIWIYLWZIIJNHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloroethenylbenzene Chemical class ClC(Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical class ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- MLIOQLGKVQZBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-N-(dibutylamino)-3-N-(dipropylamino)-2-N,2-N-diethyl-1-N,1-N-dimethylbenzene-1,2,3-triamine Chemical compound CN(C)C=1C(=C(N(N(CCCC)CCCC)N(CCC)CCC)C=CC1)N(CC)CC MLIOQLGKVQZBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDOZUYVDIAKODH-PLNGDYQASA-N 4-o-ethyl 1-o-methyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC JDOZUYVDIAKODH-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=N1 VJOWMORERYNYON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OABXAMAOOLSEQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1.C(=C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1.C(=C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OABXAMAOOLSEQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N Ethyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S Chemical compound [Mo+4].[Mo+4].[Mo+4].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S XYRMLECORMNZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- 238000005882 aldol condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQHOHKQMTHROSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQHOHKQMTHROSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N butyl maleate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O UTOVMEACOLCUCK-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010227 cup method (microbiological evaluation) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KPGRTCPQLMJHFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaminomethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C KPGRTCPQLMJHFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl formate Chemical compound C=COC=O GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monoethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLRBNGCMXSGALP-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCC(O)=O JLRBNGCMXSGALP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZILMEHNWSRQIEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCC(O)=O ZILMEHNWSRQIEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N methyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006384 methylpyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- REOJLIXKJWXUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N mofebutazone Chemical group O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 REOJLIXKJWXUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J molybdenum(4+) tetracarbamodithioate Chemical class C(N)([S-])=S.[Mo+4].C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S.C(N)([S-])=S KHYKFSXXGRUKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- RZRFZEDWURIJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-ylmethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCN1CCOCC1 RZRFZEDWURIJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornadiene Chemical compound C1=CC2C=CC1C2 SJYNFBVQFBRSIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004929 pyrrolidonyl group Chemical group N1(C(CCC1)=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004151 quinonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003582 thiophosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/041—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being macromolecular compounds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
- C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
- C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/17—Fisher Tropsch reaction products
- C10M2205/173—Fisher Tropsch reaction products used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
- C10M2207/2815—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/011—Cloud point
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/069—Linear chain compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/071—Branched chain compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/74—Noack Volatility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating composition for use in the crankcase of an engine for providing improved fuel economy.
- Lubricants can play an important role in reducing a vehicle's fuel consumption and there is a continuing need for improvements in fuel economy performance of lubricant compositions contained within an internal combustion engine.
- the comb polymer disclosed therein comprises, in the main chain, at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer, and at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one low molecular weight monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms, alkyl(meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group, vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di)alkyl fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di)alkyl maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group and mixtures thereof, where the molar degree of branching is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol% and the comb polymer comprises a total of at least 80% by weight,
- US2011/0124536 relates to a lubricant composition
- a lubricant composition comprising (A) a lubricant base oil consisting of, based on the total amount of said base oil, 50 to 99.9 mass% of a lubricant base oil having a 100°C kinematic viscosity of not less than 1 and less than 5 mm 2 /s, and 0.1 to 50 mass% of a lubricant base oil having a 100°C kinematic viscosity of 5 to 200 mm 2 /s, and (B) a viscosity index improver having a weight average molecular weight of not less than 10000, and a ratio of the weight average molecular weight to a PSSI of not lower than 0.8 x 10 4 , wherein said composition comprises 0.1 to 50 mass% of said VI improver (B) based on a total amount of the composition, and wherein said composition has a 100°C kinematic viscosity of 3 to 15
- WO2009/130445 discloses engine lubricants, particularly to engine lubricants for use in four-stroke engines, comprising at least one monoester and not more than 20 wt% of additives, wherein said at least one monoester, or mixture of said monoesters if more than one is present, has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of not more than 3.3, a viscosity index of at least 130 and a Noack evaporation loss of not more than 15 wt%.
- compositions for use in the crankcase of an engine, wherein the compositions provides high VI, low viscosity and acceptable volatility properties, as well as improved fuel economy benefits.
- a lubricating composition for use in the crankcase of an engine comprising:
- the lubricating composition of the present invention provides high VI, low viscosity and acceptable volatility properties in addition to improved fuel economy.
- the base oil comprises at least one monoester as defined in appended claim 1 or a mixture of monoesters, wherein said monoester or mixture of monoesters has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D445) of not more than 4 mm 2 /s, preferably not more than 3.3 mm 2 /s, a viscosity index of at least 130 (as calculated by ASTM D2270) and a Noack evaporation loss (as measured by ASTM D5800) of not more than 20 wt%, preferably not more than 15 wt%.
- Said monoester or mixture of said monoesters is preferably present in the lubricating composition at a total level of at least 10 wt%, more preferably at least 20 wt%, most preferably at least 30 wt%, by weight of the lubricating composition.
- Said monoester or mixture of said monoesters is preferably present in the lubricating composition at a total level of at most 75 wt%, more preferably at most 50 wt% and even more preferably at most 40 wt% of said at least one monoester.
- the present invention relies upon the low viscosity, low volatility monoester or mixtures of monoesters to facilitate a lower base oil blend viscosity having acceptable volatility.
- This lower base oil blend viscosity means that more polymeric viscosity index improver is needed to achieve the required HTHS 150 viscosity (High Temperature High Shear viscosity at 150°C) (according to ATSM D4683).
- a greater level of polymeric VI improver will provide a high viscosity index (VI) and a lower HTHS 100 viscosity (High Temperature High Shear viscosity at 100°C) (as measured by ASTM D6616) for the same HTHS 150 viscosity.
- the viscosity will change less with temperature. As an engine operates closer to 100°C than 150°C, the lubricant is thinner under operating conditions and therefore delivers improved fuel economy. Addition of the monoester or mixtures of monoesters and the resulting lower base oil blend viscosity, with acceptable volatility, will mean that whatever polymeric viscosity index improver is chosen, more of the polymer will be needed. Therefore, the VI will be higher and the HTHS 100 lower than that of the corresponding formulation without the monoester or mixture of monoesters. Therefore inclusion of the monoester or mixture of monoesters helps to improve fuel economy whichever polymeric viscosity index improver is chosen.
- the selected polymeric viscosity index improvers used in the present invention having optimised architecture such as the Viscoplex 3-201 comb polymer from Evonik Industries and the Aclube V-5110 alkyl(meth)acrylate copolymer supplied by Sanyo Chemicals, will provide a higher VI for a given increase in viscosity, and therefore the benefit will be higher for these selected polymers.
- said at least one monoester is the reaction product of a monohydric alcohol and a monocarboxylic acid wherein said monohydric alcohol is at least one saturated branched-chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having between 16 and 36 carbon atoms and wherein said monocarboxylic acid is at least one saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having between 5 and 10, preferably between 5 and 7 carbon atoms.
- said monohydric alcohol is at least one saturated branched-chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having between 16 and 36 carbon atoms and wherein said monocarboxylic acid is at least one saturated straight-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having between 5 and 10, preferably between 5 and 7 carbon atoms.
- mixtures of said alcohols and/or said acids may be used in the esterification reaction.
- said at least one monoester is the reaction product of a monohydric alcohol and a monocarboxylic acid wherein said monohydric alcohol is at least one saturated straight-chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having between 5 and 7 carbon atoms and wherein said monocarboxylic acid is at least one saturated branched-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having between 16 and 36 carbon atoms.
- said monohydric alcohol is at least one saturated straight-chain aliphatic monohydric alcohol having between 5 and 7 carbon atoms and wherein said monocarboxylic acid is at least one saturated branched-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having between 16 and 36 carbon atoms.
- mixtures of said alcohols and/or said acids may be used in the esterification reaction.
- the branched-chain monohydric alcohol may be obtained from any suitable source and typically may be selected from Guerbet alcohols, oxo alcohols, aldol condensation derived alcohols and mixtures thereof.
- the branched-chain monohydric alcohol is an alcohol branched at the ⁇ position on the main carbon chain.
- such alcohols may be selected from 2-octadecanol-1, 2-heptylundecanol-1, 2-octadodecanol-1, 2-nonyltridecanol-1 and 2-decyltetradecanol-2, and mixtures of two or more such alcohols.
- Such alcohols are conveniently Guerbet alcohols.
- the branched-chain monohydric alcohol is at least one alcohol having between 16 and 28 carbon atoms, more preferably between 20 and 24 carbon atoms.
- the straight-chain monocarboxylic acid may be obtained from any suitable source and is selected from pentanoic acid (valeric acid), hexanoic acid (caproic acid), heptanoic acid (enanthic acid), octanoic acid (caprylic acid), decanoic acid (capric acid) and mixtures of two or more such acids.
- said at least one monoester has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D445) of not more than 3.0 mm 2 /s.
- said at least one monoester has a viscosity index (as measured by ATSM 2270) of at least 140.
- said at least one monoester has a pour point (according to ASTM D97) of not more than -30°C, more preferably not more than -35°C and especially not more than -40°C.
- said at least one monoester has a Noack evaporation loss (according to ATSM D5800) of not more than 17 wt%, more preferably not more than 15.0 wt%.
- said at least one monoester has a flash point (according to Cleveland Closed Cup method) of at least 200°C, more preferably at least 210°C and more particularly at least 220°C.
- said at least one monoester has a non-polarity index (NPI), as described in EP-B-0792334 of at least 80, preferably at least 90.
- NPI non-polarity index
- said at least one monoester has a cold crank simulation (CCS) dynamic viscosity (according to ASTM D5293) at -35°C of not more than 6200 cPs.
- CCS cold crank simulation
- Suitable monoesters and mixtures of monoesters for use herein include those disclosed in WO2009/130445 .
- Priolube 1544 commercially available from Croda International Plc.
- the base oil may comprise one or more additional base oils, in addition to the one or more monoesters or mixtures of monoesters described hereinabove.
- additional base oils which can be used in the lubricating composition of the present invention and various conventional mineral oils, synthetic oils as well as naturally derived esters such as vegetable oils may be conveniently used.
- the base oil used in the present invention may conveniently comprise mixtures of one or more mineral oils and/or one or more synthetic oils; thus, according to the present invention, the term "base oil” may refer to a mixture containing more than one base oil.
- Mineral oils include liquid petroleum oils and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oil of the paraffinic, naphthenic, or mixed paraffinic/naphthenic type which may be further refined by hydrofinishing processes and/or dewaxing.
- Suitable base oils for use in the lubricating oil composition of the present invention are Group I-III mineral base oils (preferably Group III), Group IV poly-alpha olefins (PAOs), Group II-III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils (preferably Group III), Group V ester base oils, and mixtures thereof.
- Group I-III mineral base oils preferably Group III
- Group IV poly-alpha olefins PAOs
- Group II-III Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils preferably Group III
- Group V ester base oils and mixtures thereof.
- Group I lubricating oil base oils according to the definitions of American Petroleum Institute (API) for categories I, II, III, IV and V. These API categories are defined in API Publication 1509, 15th Edition, Appendix E, April 2002 .
- API American Petroleum Institute
- a preferred base oil for use herein, in addition to the monoester or mixture of monoesters, is a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
- Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils are known in the art.
- Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that a base oil is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
- a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-To-Liquids) base oil.
- Suitable Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils that may be conveniently used as the base oil in the lubricating composition of the present invention are those as for example disclosed in EP 0 776 959 , EP 0 668 342 , WO 97/21788 , WO 00/15736 , WO 00/14188 , WO 00/14187 , WO 00/14183 , WO 00/14179 , WO 00/08115 , WO 99/41332 , EP 1 029 029 , WO 01/18156 and WO 01/57166 .
- the aromatics content of a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil will typically be below 1 wt.%, preferably below 0.5 wt.% and more preferably below 0.1 wt.%.
- the base oil has a total paraffin content of at least 80 wt.%, preferably at least 85, more preferably at least 90, yet more preferably at least 95 and most preferably at least 99 wt.%. It suitably has a saturates content (as measured by IP-368) of greater than 98 wt.%.
- the saturates content of the base oil is greater than 99 wt.%, more preferably greater than 99.5 wt.%.
- the base oil preferably also has a content of naphthenic compounds of from 0 to less than 20 wt.%, more preferably of from 0.5 to 10 wt.%.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil or base oil blend has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) in the range of from 1 to 30 mm 2 /s (cSt), preferably from 1 to 25 mm 2 /s (cSt), and more preferably from 2 mm 2 /s to 12 mm 2 /s.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) of at least 2.5 mm 2 /s, more preferably at least 3.0 mm 2 /s.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at most 5.0 mm 2 /s, preferably at most 4.5 mm 2 /s, more preferably at most 4.2 mm 2 /s (e.g. "GTL 4").
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of at most 8.5 mm 2 /s, preferably at most 8 mm 2 /s (e.g. "GTL 8").
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil typically has a kinematic viscosity at 40°C (as measured by ASTM D 7042) of from 10 to 100 mm 2 /s (cSt), preferably from 15 to 50 mm 2 /s.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil preferably has a pour point (as measured according to ASTM D 5950) of below -30°C, more preferably below -40°C, and most preferably below -45°C.
- the flash point (as measured by ASTM D92) of the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil is preferably greater than 120°C, more preferably even greater than 140°C.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil preferably has a viscosity index (according to ASTM D 2270) in the range of from 100 to 200.
- the Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil has a viscosity index of at least 125, preferably 130. Also it is preferred that the viscosity index is below 180, preferably below 150.
- Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil contains a blend of two or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils
- the above values apply to the blend of the two or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
- the lubricating oil composition preferably comprises 80 wt% or greater of Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
- Synthetic oils include hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
- hydrocarbon oils such as olefin oligomers (including polyalphaolefin base oils; PAOs), dibasic acid esters, polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols (PAGs), alkyl naphthalenes and dewaxed waxy isomerates.
- Poly-alpha olefin base oils PAOs
- Preferred poly-alpha olefin base oils that may be used in the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be derived from linear C 2 to C 32 , preferably C 6 to C 16 , alpha olefins.
- Particularly preferred feedstocks for said poly-alpha olefins are 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and 1-tetradecene.
- the base oil contains more than 50 wt.%, preferably more than 60 wt.%, more preferably more than 70 wt.%, even more preferably more than 80 wt.%. most preferably more than 90 wt.% Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil.
- not more than 5 wt.%, preferably not more than 2 wt.%, of the base oil is not a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil. It is even more preferred that 100 wt% of the base oil is based on one or more Fischer-Tropsch derived base oils.
- the total amount of base oil incorporated in the lubricating composition of the present invention is preferably in the range of from 60 to 99 wt.%, more preferably in the range of from 65 to 90 wt.% and most preferably in the range of from 70 to 85 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
- the base oil (or base oil blend) as used according to the present invention has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (according to ASTM D445) of above 2.5 cSt and below 5.6 cSt.
- the base oil has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C (according to ASTM D445) of between 2.7 and 4.5 cSt.
- the base oil contains a blend of two or more base oils, it is preferred that the blend has a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of between 2.7 and 4.5 cSt.
- the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises one or more polymeric viscosity index improvers, preferably in a solid polymer amount of from 0.1 wt% to 7 wt%, more preferably from 0.25 wt% to 5 wt%, and even more preferably from 0.5 wt% to 4 wt%, by weight of the total lubricating composition.
- the polymeric viscosity index improver has a weight average molecular weight of not less than 10000 and a ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the PSSI of not less than 0.8x10 4 .
- Suitable polymeric VI improvers for use herein are selected from:
- the polymeric VI improver is a comb polymer.
- a preferred comb polymer for use herein comprises, in the main chain, at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one polyolefin-based macromonomer, and at least one repeat unit which is obtained from at least one low molecular weight monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms, alkyl(meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters having from 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group, vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di)alkyl fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di)alkyl maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group and mixtures thereof, where the molar degree of branching is in the range of 0.1 to 10 mol% and the comb polymer comprises a total of at least 80% by weight, based
- the comb polymer used herein has 8% to 30% by weight of repeat units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers, and the molar degree of branching of the comb polymer is in the range of 0.3% to 1.1%.
- comb polymer as used herein means that relatively long side chains are bonded to a polymeric main chain, frequently also known as the backbone.
- the comb polymers for use in the present invention have at least one repeat unit which is derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers. The exact proportion is evident via the molar degree of branching.
- main chain as used herein does not necessarily mean that the chain length of the main chain is greater than that of the side chains. Instead, this term relates to the composition of this chain.
- the side chain has very high proportions of olefinic repeat units, especially units which are derived from alkenes or alkadienes, for example ethylene, propylene, n-butene, isobutene, butadiene, isoprene
- the main chain comprises relatively large proportions of polar unsaturated monomers which have been detailed above.
- the term "repeat unit" is known to those skilled in the art.
- the comb polymers can be obtained by a process which involves the free-radical polymerisation of macromonomers and low molecular weight monomers, wherein double bonds are opened up to form covalent bonds. Accordingly, the repeat unit arises from the monomers used.
- the comb polymers can also be prepared by polymer-analogous reactions and graft copolymerisation. In this case, the converted repeat unit of the main chain is counted as a repeat unit which is derived from a polyolefin-based macromonomer. The same applies in the case of preparation of the comb polymers by graft polymerization.
- the comb polymers preferred for use in the present invention comprise repeat units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers. These repeat units comprise at least one group which is derived from polyolefins.
- suitable polyolefins include C 2 -C 10 alkenes, such as ethylene, propylene, n-butene, isobutene, norbornene, and/or C 4 -C 10 alkadienes such as butadiene, isoprene, norbornadiene, and the like.
- the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers preferably comprise at least 70% by weight and more preferably at least 80% by weight and most preferably at least 90% by weight of groups which are derived from alkene and/or alkadienes, based on the weight of the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers.
- the polyolefinic groups may also be present in hydrogenated form.
- the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers may comprise further groups. These include small proportions of copolymerizable monomers, including among others, alkyl (meth)acrylates, styrene monomers, fumurates, maleates, vinyl esters and/or vinyl ethers. The proportion of these groups based on copolymerizable monomers is preferably at most 30% by weight, more preferably at most 15% by weight, based on the weight of the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers.
- the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers may comprise start groups and/or end groups which serve from functionalization or are caused by the preparation of the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers.
- the proportion of these start groups and/or end groups is preferably at most 30% by weight, more preferably at most 15% by weight, based on the weight of the repeat units derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers.
- the number-average molecular weight of the repeat units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers is preferably in the range from 500 to 50000g/mol, more preferably from 700 to 10000g/mol, even more preferably from 1500 to 4900 g/mol and most preferably from 2000 to 3000 g/mol.
- the melting point of the repeat units derived from the polyolefin-based macromonomers is preferably less than or equal to -10°C, more preferably less than or equal to -20°C, even more preferably less than or equal to -40°C, as measured by DSC. Most preferably, no DSC melting point can be measured for the repeat units derived from the polyolefin-based macromonomers.
- the comb polymers useful herein comprise repeat units which are derived from low molecular weight monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms, alkyl(meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, vinyl esters having 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group, vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, di(alkyl) fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, (di)alkyl maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, and mixtures of these monomers.
- the molecular weight of the low molecular weight repeat units or of the low molecular weight monomers is preferably at most 400g/mol, more preferably at most 200 g/mol and most preferably at most 150g/mol.
- styrene monomers having 8 to 17 carbon atoms are styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, for example, alpha-methylstyrene and alpha-ethyl-styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent on the ring, such as vinyltoluene p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes, for example monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes, and tetrabromostyrenes.
- (meth)acrylates encompasses acrylates and methacrylates, and also mixtures of acrylates and methacrylates.
- the alkyl (meth)acrylates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group include (meth)acrylates which are derived from saturated alcohols, such as methyl(meth)acrylate, ethyl(meth)acrylate, n-propyl(meth)acrylate, isopropyl(meth)acrylate, n-butyl(meth)acrylate, tert-butyl(meth)acrylate, pentyl(meth)acrylate, hexyl(meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl(meth)acrylate, heptyl(meth)acrylate, 2-tert-butylheptyl(meth)acrylate, octyl(meth)acrylate, 3-isopropylheptyl(meth)acrylate, nonyl(meth)
- Preferred alkyl(meth)acrylates include 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol group.
- the alcohol group here may be linear or branched.
- vinyl esters having 1 to 11 carbon atoms in the acyl group include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate.
- Preferred vinyl esters include 2 to 9, more preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms in the acyl group.
- the acyl group may be linear or branched.
- vinyl ethers having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group include vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl propyl ether, vinyl butyl ether.
- Preferred vinyl ethers include 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol group.
- the alcohol group may be linear or branched.
- (di)ester as used herein means that monoesters, diesters and mixtures of esters, especially of fumaric acid and/or of maleic acid may be used.
- the (di) alkyl fumurates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group include monomethyl fumurate, dimethyl fumurate, monoethyl fumurate, diethyl fumurate, methyl ethyl fumurate, monobutyl fumurate, dibutyl fumurate, dipentyl fumurate and dihexyl fumurate.
- Preferred (di)alkyl fumurates comprise 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms in the alcohol group.
- the alcohol group may be linear or branched.
- the di(alkyl) maleates having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alcohol group include monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, diethyl maleate, methyl ethyl maleate, monobutyl maleate, dibutyl maleate.
- Preferred (di)alkyl maleates comprise 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol group.
- the alcohol group herein may be linear or branched.
- the comb polymers useful herein may comprise further repeat units which are derived from further comonomers, their proportion being at most 20% by weight, preferably at most 10% by weight and more preferably at most 5% by weight, based on the weight of the repeat units.
- repeat units which are derived from alkyl(meth)acrylates having 11 to 30 carbon atoms in the alcohol group, especially undecyl(meth)acrylate, 5-methylundecyl(meth)acrylate, dodecyl(meth)acrylate, 2-methyldodecyl(meth)acrylate, tridecyl(meth)acrylate, 5-methyltridecyl(meth)acrylate, tetradecyl(meth)acrylate, pentadecyl(meth)acrylate, hexadecyl(meth)acrylate, 2-methylhexadecyl(meth)acrylate, heptadecyl(meth)acrylate, 5-isopropylheptadecyl(meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butyloctadecyl(meth)acrylate, 5-ethyloctadecyl(meth)acrylate, 3-isopropyloctadecyl
- repeat units which are derived from dispersing oxygen- and nitrogen-functionalized monomers such as those listed in paragraphs [0036] - [0059] of US2010/0190671 , incorporated herein by reference.
- the comb polymers suitable for use herein preferably have a molar degree of branching in the range of from 0.1 to 10 mol%, more preferably from 0.3 to 6 mol%, even more preferably from 0.3 to 1.1 mol%, especially from 0.4 to 1.0 mol% and most preferably from 0.4 to 0.6 mol%.
- the molar degree of branching arises generally from the ratio of the monomers used if the comb polymer has been prepared by copolymerization of low molecular weight and macromolecular monomers. For the calculation, it is possible here to use the number-average molecular weight of the macromonomer.
- the molar degree of branching is found by known methods of determining the conversion.
- polymers generally also comprise start groups and end groups which can form through initiation reactions and termination reactions.
- a preferred comb polymer for use herein has 8 to 30% by weight, more preferably 10 to 26% by weight, of repeat units which are derived from polyolefin-based macromonomers, based on the total weight of the repeat units.
- Preferred comb polymers for use herein include those which have a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 500,000 to 1,000,000g/mol, more preferably 100,000 to 500,000 g/mol and most preferably 150,000 to 450,000 g/mol.
- the number-average molecular weight Mn may preferably be in the range of 20,000 to 800,000 g/mol, more preferably 40,000 to 200,000 g/mol and most preferably 50,000 to 150,000 g/mol.
- Preferably comb polymers used herein have a polydispersity index Mw/Mn in the range of 1 to 5, more preferably in the range of from 2.5 to 4.5.
- the number average and the weight average molecular weight can be determined by known processes such as Gas Permeation Chromatography (GPC).
- a preferred comb polymer has a low proportion of olefinic double bonds.
- the iodine number is preferably less than or equal to 0.2g per g of comb polymer, more preferably less than or equal to 0.1g per g of comb polymer. This proportion can be determined according to DIN 53241 after drawing off carrier oil and low molecular weight residual monomers at 180°C under reduced pressure for 24 hours.
- the lubricating composition comprises a comb polymer having repeat units which are derived from n-butyl methacrylate and/or from n-butyl acrylate.
- the proportion of repeat units which are derived from n-butyl methacrylate and/or from n-butyl acrylate is at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight, based on the total weight of repeat units.
- the comb polymer has repeat units which are derived from styrene.
- the proportion of repeat units which are derived from styrene are preferably in the range of 0.1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 5 to 25% by weight.
- the comb polymers have repeat units which are derived from alkyl(meth)acrylate having 11-30 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, preferably in an amount in the range of 0.1% to 15% by weight, more preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by weight.
- the comb polymer has repeat units which are derived from styrene and repeat units which are derived from n-butyl methacrylate.
- the weight ratio of styrene repeat units and n-butylmethacrylate repeat units is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:9, more preferably 1:2 to 1:8.
- the comb polymer has repeat units which are derived from methyl methacrylate and repeat units which are derived from n-butyl methacrylate, preferably in a weight ratio of 1:1 to 0:100, more preferably 3:7 to 0:100.
- a commercially available comb polymer suitable for use herein is available from Evonik Industries under the tradename Viscoplex 3-201.
- the polymeric viscosity index improver is selected from those having 1 to 70 mol% of one or more (meth)acrylate structural units represented by formula (1) below.
- R 1 is hydrogen or a methyl group and R 2 is a straight or branched hydrocarbon group having not less than 16 carbon atoms, preferably not less than 18 carbon atoms, more preferably not less than 20 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a branched hydrocarbon group having not less than 20 carbon atoms.
- Said poly(meth)acrylate viscosity index improvers may be either non-dispersant or dispersant type, but the latter is more preferred.
- the proportion of the (meth)acrylate structural unit represented by formula (1) is preferably 1 to 70 mol%, more preferably not more than 60 mol%, still more preferably not more than 50 mol%, particularly preferably not more than 40 mol%, and especially not more than 30 mol%; and preferably not less than 3 mol%, more preferably not less than 5 mol% and even more preferably not less than 10 mol%.
- Said poly(meth)acrylate VI improvers may preferably be a copolymer of one or more monomers represented by formula (2) and a monomer other than that represented by formula (2).
- R 1 is hydrogen or a methyl group and R 2 is a straight or branched hydrocarbon group having not less than 16 carbon atoms.
- Any monomer may be combined with the monomer of formula (2), and for example, a monomer represented by formula (3) below is preferred.
- a copolymer of formula (2) and formula (3) is a non-dispersant type poly(meth)acrylate VI improver.
- R 3 is hydrogen or a methyl group
- R 4 is a straight or branched hydrocarbon group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- R 5 is hydrogen or a methyl group
- R 6 is an alkylene group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- E 1 is an amine or heterocyclic residue having 1 to 2 nitrogen atoms and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms, and denotes 0 or 1.
- R 7 is hydrogen or a methyl group
- E 2 stands for an amine or heterocyclic residue having 1 to 2 nitrogen atoms and 0 to 2 oxygen atoms.
- a copolymer of monomers having formula (2), formula (4) and formula (5) constitutes a dispersant type poly(meth)acrylate VI improver.
- This dispersant type poly(meth)acrylate VI improver can additionally contain monomer of formula (3) as a constituent monomer.
- R 6 alkylene group in formula (4) may include ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, tridecylene, tetradecylene, pentadecylene, hexadecylene, heptadecylene, and octadecylene groups (these alkylene groups may be either be straight or branched).
- the group represented by E 1 in formula (4) and the group represented by E 2 in formula (5) may independently be a dimethylamino, diethylamino, dipropylamino, dibutylamino, aniline, toluidino, xylidino, acetylamino, benzoylamino, morpholino, pyrrolyl, pyrrolino, pyridyl, methylpyridyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyperidinyl, quinonyl, pyrrolidonyl, pyrrolidono, imidazolino, or pyrazino group.
- Preferred examples of monomers having formula (4) and (5) may include dimethylaminomethyl methacrylate, diethylaminomethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, morpholinomethyl methacrylate, morphorinoethyl methacrylate, N-vinylpyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof.
- the copolymerisation molar ratio for a copolymer of monomers having formula 2 and formulae 3 to 5 is not particularly limited, and monomer of formula 2: monomer of formulae 3 to 5 is preferably 10:90 to 40:60.
- the VI improver may be prepared, for example by radical solvent polymerisation of a mixture of monomers of formula (1) and formulae (3)-(5) in the presence of a polymerisation initiator such as benzoyl peroxide.
- PSSI permanent shear stability index of a polymer calculate from the data measured in accordance with ASTM D 6278-02 with reference to ASTM D 6022-01.
- the PSSI of said poly(meth)acrylate VI improver is preferably not more than 35, more preferably not more than 30, even more preferably not more than 25; and preferably not less than 5, more preferably not less than 10, and still more preferably less than 20, and especially not less than 20.
- the weight average molecular weight (M w ) of the poly(meth)acrylate VI improver is preferably not less than 10,000, more preferably not less than 50000, even more preferably not less than 100000, still more preferably not less than 150000, and most preferably not less than 200000; and preferably not more than 1000000, more preferably not more than 700000, still more preferably not more than 600000, and particularly preferably not more than 500000.
- the ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight for the poly(meth)acrylate VI improver is preferably 0.5 to 5.0, more preferably from 1.0 to 3.5, even more preferably from 1.5 to 3, and especially from 1.7 to 2.5.
- the ratio of the weight average molecular weight to the PSSI of the poly(meth)acrylate VI improver is preferably not less than 0.8 x 10 4 , more preferably not less than 1 x 10 4 , even more preferably not less than 2 x 10 4 , and still more preferably not less than 2.5 x 10 4 .
- suitable poly(meth)acrylate viscosity index improvers for use herein include those disclosed and exemplified in US2011/0124536 .
- a commercially available poly(meth)acrylate polymer suitable for use herein is available from Sanyo Chemicals under the tradename Aclube 5110.
- Another suitable polymeric viscosity index improver for use herein is a styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer.
- An example of a commercially available styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer suitable for use herein is that available from Infineum under the tradename Infineum SV600.
- the weight ratio of the one or more polymeric viscosity index improvers to the one or more monoesters or mixtures of monoesters is in the range of from 1:8 to 1:40, more preferably in the range of from 1:10 to 1:30.
- the lubricating compositions of the present invention would be utilised in, but not necessarily limited to, SAE J300 viscosity grades 0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 5W-20, 5W-30 and 5W-40 as these are the grades which target fuel economy.
- SAE J300 viscosity grades 0W-16, 0W-20, 0W-30, 0W-40, 5W-20, 5W-30 and 5W-40 as these are the grades which target fuel economy.
- SAE J300 viscosity grades are published, with lower viscosities than the current 0W-16, the present invention would also be very much applicable to these new viscosity lower grades. It is conceivable that the present invention could also be used with higher viscosity grades.
- the lubricating composition according to the present invention preferably has a Noack volatility (according to ASTM D 5800) of below 15 wt.%. Typically, the Noack volatility (according to ASTM D 5800) of the composition is between 1 and 15 wt.%.
- the lubricating composition according to the present invention further comprises one or more additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
- additives such as anti-oxidants, anti-wear additives, dispersants, detergents, overbased detergents, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, metal passivators, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, anti-foam agents, seal compatibility agents and additive diluent base oils, etc.
- Anti-oxidants that may be conveniently used include phenyl-naphthylamines (such as "IRGANOX L-06" available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals) and diphenylamines (such as "IRGANOX L-57” available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals) as e.g. disclosed in WO 2007/045629 and EP 1 058 720 B1 , phenolic anti-oxidants, etc. The teaching of WO 2007/045629 and EP 1 058 720 B1 is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Anti-wear additives that may be conveniently used include zinc-containing compounds such as zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkylaryl- dithiophosphates, molybdenum-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds and ashless anti-wear additives such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof.
- zinc-containing compounds such as zinc dithiophosphate compounds selected from zinc dialkyl-, diaryl- and/or alkylaryl- dithiophosphates, molybdenum-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds and ashless anti-wear additives such as substituted or unsubstituted thiophosphoric acids, and salts thereof.
- molybdenum-containing compounds may conveniently include molybdenum dithiocarbamates, trinuclear molybdenum compounds, for example as described in WO 98/26030 , sulphides of molybdenum and molybdenum dithiophosphate.
- Boron-containing compounds that may be conveniently used include borate esters, borated fatty amines, borated epoxides, alkali metal (or mixed alkali metal or alkaline earth metal) borates and borated overbased metal salts.
- the dispersant used is preferably an ashless dispersant.
- ashless dispersants are polybutylene succinimide polyamines and Mannich base type dispersants.
- the detergent used is preferably an overbased detergent or detergent mixture containing e.g. salicylate, sulphonate and/or phenate-type detergents.
- Examples of other types of viscosity index improvers which may conveniently be used in the lubricating composition of the present invention include the styrenebutadiene stellate copolymers, styrene-isoprene stellate copolymers and the polymethacrylate copolymer and ethylene-propylene copolymers (also known as olefin copolymers) of the crystalline and non-crystalline type. Dispersant-viscosity index improvers may be used in the lubricating composition of the present invention.
- the composition contains at least 0.1 wt.% of a pour point depressant.
- a pour point depressant alkylated naphthalene and phenolic polymers, polymethacrylates, maleate/fumarate copolymer esters may be conveniently used as effective pour point depressants.
- compounds such as alkenyl succinic acid or ester moieties thereof, benzotriazole-based compounds and thiodiazole-based compounds may be conveniently used in the lubricating composition of the present invention as corrosion inhibitors.
- Compounds such as polysiloxanes, dimethyl polycyclohexane and polyacrylates may be conveniently used in the lubricating composition of the present invention as defoaming agents.
- seal fix or seal compatibility agents include, for example, commercially available aromatic esters.
- the lubricating compositions of the present invention may be conveniently prepared by admixing the base oil comprising the one or more monoesters or mixture of monoesters and the polymeric viscosity index improver together with, optionally, one or more additives.
- the above-mentioned additives are typically present in an amount in the range of from 0.01 to 35.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition, preferably in an amount in the range of from 0.05 to 25.0 wt.%, more preferably from 1.0 to 20.0 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricating composition.
- the composition contains at least 9.0 wt.%, preferably at least 10.0 wt.%, more preferably at least 11.0 wt% of an additive package comprising an anti-wear additive, a metal detergent, an ashless dispersant and an anti-oxidant.
- SAPS sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur
- mid SAPS sulphated ash, phosphorus and sulphur
- regular SAPS regular SAPS
- PCMO Passenger Car Motor Oil
- the present invention provides the use of a lubricating composition according to the present invention as an engine oil in the crankcase of an engine, in order to improve fuel economy properties.
- the engine oil may include a heavy duty diesel engine oil, a passenger car motor engine oil, as well as other types of engine oils.
- the lubricating compositions having the formulations as set out in Table 1 are prepared using conventional lubricant preparation methods by combining the GTL base oils and the monoester (Priolube 1544 commercially available from Croda International Plc.) with the additive package and the polymeric viscosity index improver (either the comb polymer Viscoplex 3-201 commercially available from Evonik Industries or the poly(meth)acrylate polymer Aclube V-5110 commercially available from Sanyo Chemicals).
- Example 1 Wt% Example 2 Wt% Example 3 Wt% Example 4 Wt% Additive Package 12 12 12 12 GTL 4 1 45 0 33.5 0 GTL 8 2 9 16 20 25.5 Priolube 1544 3 25 62 25 52 Viscoplex 3-201 4 9 10 0 0 Aclube V-5110 5 0 0 9.5 10.5 Total 100 100 100 100 1.
- a Fischer-Tropsch derived base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of approximately 8 cSt which may be conveniently prepared by the process described in WO 02/070631 .
- the lubricating compositions having the formulations as set out in Table 2 are prepared using conventional lubricant preparation methods.
- the monoester used in Examples 8, 9, 11 and 12 was Sample 2 of WO2009/130445 .
- the polymeric viscosity index improvers used in Examples 6-12 were chosen from Viscoplex 3-201 (a comb polymer from Evonik Industries), Aclube 5110 (a poly(meth)acrylate polymer from Sanyo Chemicals) and Infineum SV277 (a styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer from Infineum).
- Examples 5 to 9 were subjected to various test methods, as specified in Table 2 below.
- Table 2 Example 5* Wt% Example 6* Wt% Example 7* Wt% Example 8 Wt% Example 9 Wt% Example 10* Wt% Example 11 Wt% Example 12 Wt% Additive Package 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 GTL 4 1 30.2 78.9 72.9 40.7 0 62.2 28.9 0 GTL 8 2 57.7 2 7.3 8 13.6 17 19.5 21.8
- Monoester 3 0 0 0 30 64.6 0 30 55.9 Infineum SV 277 4 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Viscoplex 3-201 5 0 0 7.7 9.2 9.7 0 0 0 0 Aclube 5110 6 0 0 0 0 0 8.7 9.5 10.2 Total wt% 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
- Sample 2 of WO2009/130445 4.
- Styrene-diene hydrogenated copolymer commercially available from Infineum 5.
- Comb polymer supplied by Evonik Industries 6.
- Poly(meth)acrylate copolymer supplied by Sanyo Chemicals 7. Kinematic viscosity at 100°C as measured according to ASTM D445 8.
- Example 4 and 5 On addition of the monoester (Example 4 and 5, and Examples 7 and 8), the VI further increases and the HTHS 100 reduces. This translates to improved fuel economy (as seen in Example 8 compared with Comparative Example 7).
- the lubricant is thinner in operating conditions and therefore delivers improved fuel economy.
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361920704P | 2013-12-24 | 2013-12-24 | |
| PCT/EP2014/078991 WO2015097152A1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2014-12-22 | Lubricating composition |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3087168A1 EP3087168A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| EP3087168B1 true EP3087168B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| EP14819002.8A Active EP3087168B1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2014-12-22 | Lubricating composition |
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| US (1) | US20170009180A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3087168B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6829601B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN105849240A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112016015027B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2678102C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2015097152A1 (zh) |
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| US10144899B2 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2018-12-04 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Viscosity index improver, lubricant composition, and method for producing lubricant composition |
| JP6677511B2 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2020-04-08 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジン用潤滑油組成物 |
| MX2019002413A (es) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-07-04 | Evonik Oil Additives Gmbh | Polimeros de tipo peine para mejorar la perdida de evaporacion de noack de formulaciones de aceite para motor. |
| CN109923195B (zh) * | 2016-11-02 | 2022-10-11 | 赢创运营有限公司 | 具有改进的在低操作温度下的粘度特性的润滑剂组合物 |
| JP6955332B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-17 | 2021-10-27 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| EP3601500A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2020-02-05 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Cold cranking simulator viscosity reducing base stocks and lubricating oil formulations containing the same |
| JP6936041B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-09-15 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | 内燃機関用潤滑油組成物 |
| JP6810657B2 (ja) * | 2017-05-30 | 2021-01-06 | シェルルブリカンツジャパン株式会社 | 自動変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
| CN111386331A (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2020-07-07 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | 酯化合物、含有其的润滑油组合物及其制备方法 |
| JP2020084066A (ja) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-06-04 | Ｅｍｇルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油基油組成物 |
| JP2020105347A (ja) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | Ｅｍｇルブリカンツ合同会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| TWI686469B (zh) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-03-01 | 百達精密化學股份有限公司 | 基礎油及潤滑油 |
| WO2021076733A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Fuel efficient lubricating composition |
| CN112694929A (zh) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-04-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种共聚物组合物及其制造方法、复合添加剂及润滑油组合物 |
| US11365273B2 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2022-06-21 | Infineum International Limited | High viscosity index comb polymer viscosity modifiers and methods of modifying lubricant viscosity using same |
| FR3108620B1 (fr) * | 2020-03-25 | 2022-09-09 | Total Marketing Services | Utilisation de polymère styrène diène hydrogéné pour réduire les émissions de particules |
| US11407956B1 (en) | 2021-02-22 | 2022-08-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Lubricant formulation for multiple water-based muds |
| JP7469379B2 (ja) | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-16 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| JP7469381B2 (ja) | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-16 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| JP7469380B2 (ja) | 2021-05-31 | 2024-04-16 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| CN116042294B (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 适用于柴油发动机的润滑油组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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| EP0776959B1 (en) | 1995-11-28 | 2004-10-06 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Process for producing lubricating base oils |
| EP1389635A1 (en) | 1995-12-08 | 2004-02-18 | ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company | Biodegradable high performance hydrocarbon base oils |
| DE69707714T2 (de) | 1996-12-13 | 2002-04-25 | Infineum Usa Lp | Organische molybdänkomplexe enthaltende schmierölzusammensetzungen |
| US6090989A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 2000-07-18 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Isoparaffinic lube basestock compositions |
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| US6080301A (en) | 1998-09-04 | 2000-06-27 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Premium synthetic lubricant base stock having at least 95% non-cyclic isoparaffins |
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| DE102009001446A1 (de) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-23 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Verwendung von Kammpolymeren als Antifatigue-Additive |
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2014
- 2014-12-22 EP EP14819002.8A patent/EP3087168B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-22 JP JP2016543019A patent/JP6829601B2/ja active Active
- 2014-12-22 RU RU2016130267A patent/RU2678102C2/ru active
- 2014-12-22 US US15/107,122 patent/US20170009180A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-22 BR BR112016015027-9A patent/BR112016015027B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201480070241.1A patent/CN105849240A/zh active Pending
- 2014-12-22 WO PCT/EP2014/078991 patent/WO2015097152A1/en active Application Filing
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| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2016130267A (ru) | 2018-01-30 |
| CN105849240A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
| US20170009180A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
| JP2017500426A (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
| WO2015097152A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
| JP6829601B2 (ja) | 2021-02-10 |
| BR112016015027B1 (pt) | 2021-04-27 |
| RU2016130267A3 (zh) | 2018-08-31 |
| EP3087168A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| RU2678102C2 (ru) | 2019-01-23 |
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