Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
  • A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
  • A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
  • A23B4/033—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution with addition of chemicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
  • A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
  • A23B4/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
  • A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
  • A23B4/03—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
  • A23B4/031—Apparatus for drying
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
  • A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
  • A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
  • A23B4/18—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of liquids or solids
  • A23B4/20—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
  • A23B4/22—Microorganisms; Enzymes; Antibiotics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L13/00—Meat products; Meat meal; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L13/60—Comminuted or emulsified meat products, e.g. sausages; Reformed meat from comminuted meat product
  • A23L13/65—Sausages
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
  • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for processing raw material and effective production of raw durables on meat or sausage basis by drying and ripening process together with addition of starter cultures, wherein the raw material or an already existing intermediate product is exposed to a vacuum, and an associated device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 7.
• freeze-dried meat requires contradictory conditions during the production of the raw material, which leads to increased costs and burdens on the raw material substance. It has been found that, as a result of the freeze-drying, the desired total coloring and protein potential for the production of raw sausage is not available or is retained. The frequently observed oxidation, in particular of fatty components, can not be completely ruled out.
• the adsorbents used e.g. Silica gel or zeolite, have a high water-binding capacity under vacuum and can be used according to the invention in a corresponding device.
• moisture released in the course of the treatment under vacuum is bound by means of adsorbents to accelerate the drying process of the raw material or of an already existing intermediate product, wherein the adsorption process starts or stops depending on the desired degree of drying or aw value of the raw material or intermediate product runs in several stages.
• the regeneration of adsorbents used is preferably energy-saving through the use of waste heat from subsequent raw material process treatment steps possible.
• Released condensation and adsorption heat can be used for gentle heating of the raw material or the intermediate product.
• the raw material or the intermediate product may be partially provided with a sheath in order to accomplish a selective drying and a selective moisture removal.
• Meat is introduced as a material to be treated in a double-walled vacuum tumbler or vacuum mixer.
• the material to be treated is regularly rearranged to ensure uniform drying.
• a vacuum is drawn in the tumbler or mixer.
• moisture is removed from the meat.
• the energetic concept according to the invention consists in utilizing the evaporation cooling produced during the vacuum withdrawal for cooling the adsorbents having a hygroscopic effect. In this regard, the heating of the adsorbents is counteracted, resulting in a lower efficiency.
• the incorporation of moisture into the adsorbents of an adsorber used generates heat. This heat is used to heat the double-walled vacuum vessel. This heating of the container at the same time the material to be treated is heated, resulting in a faster discharge of water from the material to be treated.
• the treated material Due to the evaporating under vacuum from the treated water, the treated material is cooled due to the evaporation of cold. The vapor pressure decreases with decreasing temperature. For this reason, it is necessary and preferred to keep the material to be dried at the highest possible, but not product-damaging level.
• the transfer to the material to be treated can be done, for example, via pipe coils in the treatment space, the aforementioned heatable double jacket and / or heated stirring arms in a rigid or rotating vacuum container.
• the item to be treated can be dried according to the invention in a very small space, wherein the shifting movements ensure that the surface of the item undergoes uniform drying.
• double-walled tempered plates occupied by the material to be treated are used.
• a germ-reducing treatment by plasma or pulsed light can be performed.
• the treatment room can be designed as a conventional vacuum tumbler, vacuum mixer or other evacuable container in which the material to be treated is subjected to slow redeployment or movement.
• the container used should ensure a high drying rate by supplying heat to the material to be treated during vacuum drying.
• a vacuum container drying space is initially provided with means for introducing and removing the treated material.
• the drying chamber is preferably a vacuum tumbler or vacuum mixer application.
• the vacuum container drying space can be brought into contact with an evacuated adsorber via a first valve arrangement. Furthermore, the adsorber is coupled via a second valve arrangement with a condenser, wherein adsorbed after opening of the first valve arrangement of the adsorber in the vacuum container drying space released water vapor. To adjust the water vapor pressure, the adsorber is designed to be coolable and heatable.
• a plurality of adsorbers with associated valve arrangements can be connected to a vacuum container drying space and can be operated in a phase-shifted or anticyclical manner.
• the adsorber or the adsorber can be designed as a zeolite-coated heat exchanger and cooled or heated by a heat transfer fluid.
• all areas of the device potentially coming into contact with the material to be treated are provided with an antimicrobial coating, for example an antimicrobial powder coating.
• means for generating a dielectric barrier discharge for the purpose of inactivating microorganisms may be provided.
• this alternating voltage gas discharge creates a low-temperature plasma, or cold plasma called, which is used for surface disinfection and sometimes conventional disinfectants, which are not tastes or odor-neutral, is superior.
• the invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with the aid of a figure.
• the figure shows the basic structure of an adsorptive vacuum dryer according to the invention.
• moist substances e.g. Food can be dried by adsorption of water vapor in an effective manner, so that sets a faster and energy-saving drying process.
• a regeneration of the adsorbent or of the adsorbents can be carried out in an energy-saving manner.
• the exemplary device starts from an adsorber 1, which is designed as a zeolite-coated heat exchanger and which is heated by a heat transfer medium, e.g. Water or air, can be heated or cooled.
• a heat transfer medium e.g. Water or air
• a vacuum container drying space 3 Within a vacuum container drying space 3 is the item to be dried 2.
• the relevant container 3 may be provided with a simple vacuum flange, but also with a lock system to avoid a regular Nachevakuleiter.
• the vacuum container drying chamber 3 is connected to the adsorber 1 via a first valve arrangement 5.
• the adsorber 1 is coupled to a condenser-heat exchanger 4, which by means of heat transfer medium, e.g. Water or air, can be cooled.
• heat transfer medium e.g. Water or air
• the valve arrangement or the container separation 5; 6 can be switched or automatically executed as a check valve in the sense of a flutter valve become.
• the separation itself can be realized as a relatively thin, intrinsically stable sheet material, since both the vacuum box drying chamber 3 and the adsorber 1 are evacuated.
• the container separation with valve between adsorber 1 and 4 condenser space can be switched or automatically realized as a check valve. Again, the spatial separation can be realized on an inherently stable sheet material, since the device components 3 and 1 are under vacuum. Due to the higher water vapor density present in the second valve arrangement, a smaller valve cross section is conceivable with regard to the first valve arrangement.
• the reference numeral 8 shows a connection to a vacuum pump.
• the outer housing comprising adsorber, vacuum container drying chamber and condenser heat exchanger
• the outer housing can be realized as a common housing with correspondingly thinner intermediate walls with a view to the overall arrangement under vacuum.
• the good to be treated i. the Trocknungsgut
• the vacuum box drying chamber 3 With the application of a vacuum moisture evaporates, especially water.
• the first valve arrangement 5 then opens or the valve opens itself, on the basis of the resulting pressure difference.
• the previously regenerated adsorber 1 absorbs the released water vapor.
• the first valve assembly 5 When the adsorber 1 is saturated with water vapor, the first valve assembly 5 is closed or closes because the pressure difference is reduced. In order to achieve a maximum capacity, the adsorber 1 is cooled. About the choice of the cooling temperature, the minimum achievable Water vapor pressure can be adjusted so that in the event that a certain degree of drying may not be exceeded, a corresponding equilibrium quasi automatically.
• condensation and adsorption heat released during the process at a lower temperature can be used according to the invention for gentle heating of the material to be dried.
• minimum achievable vapor pressures can be preset, which can not be undershot. This default value can also be changed during the drying phase by changing the temperatures. be fit. As a result, a particularly gentle drying of the drying or treated good is possible.
• the device used can be a vacuum tumbler or vacuum mixer or similar container to be evacuated, in which the material to be treated can be exposed to a slow motion or can be stored in very thin layers.
• the treatment room has a vacuum-tight closable opening, via which the material to be treated can be introduced and removed. Through this opening then there is the possibility of appropriate cleaning of the device.
• the material to be treated can be moved in and out of the vacuum container drying space via a vacuum lock.
• the treatment device communicates with tubing connections and valve assemblies with their specific evacuated adsorbers containing adsorbents.
• a separation under vacuum from the treatment chamber is advantageous, so that the water stored in the adsorbents can be expelled by a heat transfer fluid.
• a likewise evacuated cold trap is connected to the adsorber, so that steam resulting from the subsequent heating within the adsorber can precipitate on cold surfaces of the cold trap until the reuse of the corresponding adsorber for dehumidification is possible.
• the water collected in the cold trap is removed from the adsorber after vacuum separation or decoupling.
• the adsorbents in the adsorber boxes should be kept constantly under vacuum. This means that the treatment chamber or the cold trap before connection or coupling with the corresponding adsorber have an equal vacuum level.
• salt can be added.
• the salt although water binding, acts as a transport aid.
• the addition of starter cultures and spice mixtures for the preparation of, in particular, raw sausage meat can already take place during the drying phase. In this case, it is desirable to ensure as fast as possible further processing such as crushing, filling, tires and so on.
• the following tabular overview shows the result of an adsorption attempt on raw sausage / silica gel with silica gel as adsorbent.
• the basic meat was pork in the composition 75:25, i. relatively lean and gewollft available, which was mixed with 28g / kg nitrate pickling salt.
• the pre-shredded sausage meat was weighed exactly into an ice-cream dispenser.
• the adsorbent used is weighed dry silica gel.
• the entire system is then evacuated and the vacuum maintained throughout the treatment time.
• the eksiccator was placed in a cold water bath so that the silica gel used is subject to cooling to maintain the water receptivity.
• the exemplary procedure was limited to four hours.
• porous glasses By adjusting the pore size, the pore volume and the particle shape, an optimum of moisture storage capacity can be realized.
• Used porous glasses are able to absorb vaporous water, store and remove the moisture after a given time again.
• the advantage of porous glasses is their non-toxicity and the fact that they are not flammable.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Nutrition Science (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
• Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=51619153

Family Applications (1)

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• 2013
  • 2013-11-11 DE DE102013018863.6A patent/DE102013018863B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-09-17 WO PCT/EP2014/069779 patent/WO2015067393A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2014-09-17 US US15/035,127 patent/US20160309729A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-09-17 CA CA2929183A patent/CA2929183A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-09-17 JP JP2016552670A patent/JP2016537025A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-09-17 CN CN201480061531.XA patent/CN105722398A/zh active Pending
  • 2014-09-17 EP EP14772302.7A patent/EP3068231A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2016
  • 2016-04-20 IL IL245212A patent/IL245212A0/en unknown

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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