Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
  • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
  • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
  • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
  • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
  • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
  • F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
  • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
  • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
  • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
  • H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
  • H02N2/06—Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
  • F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
  • F02D2041/2051—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using voltage control
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
  • Y10T137/0318—Processes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
  • Y10T137/8593—Systems
  • Y10T137/86389—Programmer or timer

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1, and a control and / or regulating device and a computer program according to the independent claims.
• a required energy requirement of the piezoelectric actuator can be determined in a test procedure during the production of the valve or of the injection valve.
• the drive energy determined in this way can then be assigned specifically to the respective copy of the injection valve by means of a code.
• the invention relates to a method for operating a valve, wherein a valve element of the valve by means of a control of an electrically actuated
• Actuator can be moved from a first position to a second position.
• the actuator is driven at least once in a first time interval and then not driven in a second time interval, wherein a striking of the valve element at the first position
• characterizing signal is detected at electrical terminals of the actuator.
• a drive energy of the actuator is changed stepwise, whereby a threshold value of the drive energy ("energy requirement") is determined, at which the valve element can barely lift from the first position , When exceeded, the valve element is moved and the
• Inventive determination of the actual energy demand of the actuator can advantageously be carried out periodically to determine a changing over the operating life of the valve energy requirements. This can be used advantageously to aging effects, wear, etc. closed.
• a second, optional aspect of the invention takes place in the further operation of
• Threshold exceeding driving energy can open or close the valve by a defined amount.
• the method can be used for those operating cases in which the valve is to be opened or closed comparatively briefly and / or comparatively slightly by a certain amount.
• a drive energy and / or further drive parameters electrical voltage / current and / or
• the valve can be actuated directly by the actuator in a first embodiment, or be indirectly actuated in a second embodiment by the valve is designed as a servo valve.
• the electrical drive energy is supplied to the actuator, for example, by temporarily switching on a voltage or by impressing a current.
• the height of the voltage or the magnitude of the current determines the respective drive energy.
• a control period can also be changed.
• the invention has the advantage that the threshold value of the drive energy characterizing the operation of the actuator or piezoactuator, ie the
• Threshold of the drive energy can be determined occasionally or periodically during operation of the valve, so that a simple and accurate correction of the threshold - and thus the drive energy - over the life of the valve is made possible.
• a further embodiment of the method provides that the first position corresponds to the closed valve and the second position corresponds to the open valve. Even a slight opening of the valve is generally more serious than a slight closing of the valve. Therefore, the inventively achievable precision for the case of short-term and / or minor opening has a particularly advantageous effect.
• a drive duration of the electrically actuatable actuator is kept constant and a drive voltage of the electrically actuatable actuator is changed stepwise or, as far as possible, continuously or quasi-continuously.
• Valve element at the first position characterizing signal substantially corresponds to a jump function.
• a jump function can be distinguished comparatively easily from any other superimposed signals and also makes it possible to unambiguously determine a point in time at which the valve element strikes.
• a temporal signal curve is also considered, in which a temporal change (for example, the first time derivative) of the signal exceeds a predefinable threshold value.
• the electrically actuatable actuator is a piezo actuator.
• the geometry in particular a length dimension, is changed as a function of the drive energy.
• piezo actuators can scatter their properties comparatively strongly.
• remaining elements of the valve, on which the piezoelectric actuator acts directly or indirectly, can be of individual importance for the required drive energy of the piezoactuator.
• the invention makes it possible to check the lifting of the valve element from the first position, and thus the function of the valve, and if necessary correct it.
• the valve is an injection valve of an internal combustion engine. Especially with pre-injections or
• the amount of fuel injected thereby can be particularly accurately measured, because always the
• the valve or the injection valve comprises a servo valve.
• a valve element of the servo valve is moved by means of the actuator or piezoelectric actuator.
• the operation of the servo valve and thus of the entire valve or injection valve can be checked and adjusted particularly precisely.
• the determined threshold value is stored in a data memory, wherein the stored threshold value can subsequently be taken into account for a dimensioning of the drive energy. Based on the determined threshold, the drive energy can be increased, with a relationship between a respective increase in the drive energy and the injected fuel quantity is particularly accurate.
• the determined energy requirement can also be applied to
• Diagnostic purposes are used. For example, an error reaction can be initiated if the energy demand determined according to the invention exceeds a predefinable threshold.
• the method is carried out by means of a control and / or regulating device for the internal combustion engine.
• the control and / or regulating device has parameters or values that are important for the injection, which can therefore be used by the method.
• the method according to the invention is at least partially carried out by means of a computer program which is programmed to carry out the method.
• Figure 1 is a simplified diagram of an internal combustion engine and a drive and evaluation device
• FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram of a valve
• FIG. 3 shows a time diagram with a signal of an electrically actuatable actuator
• FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for a method for operating the valve.
• FIG. 1 shows a greatly simplified diagram of an internal combustion engine 10 of a motor vehicle together with a control and evaluation device 12.
• the control and evaluation device 12 is part of a control and / or regulating device 14 of the internal combustion engine 10
• Internal combustion engine 10 of Figure 1 has four cylinders 16a to 16d, four
• Injectors 18 and four electrically actuated actuators 20 which are connected to the control and evaluation device 12.
• the actuators 20 are electrically controllable actuating devices of the injection valves 18 and are designed, for example, as piezo (piezoelectric) actuators 42 (see FIG. 2).
• the injection valves 18 and the actuators 20 are distinguished here by the reference numerals 18a to 18d or 20a to 20d.
• the control and evaluation device 12 comprises a control module 22, which can control the four injection valves 18 by means of control lines 24a to 24d.
• the actuator 20d in FIG. 1 is connected to a
• Evaluation device 26 is connected, which is supplied from the drive line 24d, a signal voltage 28.
• the evaluation device 26 is connected via an electrical line 29 to a data memory 30.
• Data memory 30 can threshold values 31 of a drive energy, which characterize the operation of the injectors 18, are stored. This will be explained in more detail below.
• the control and evaluation device 12 or the control and / or regulating device 14 comprises a processor 32 and a computer program 34.
• the wiring of the other control lines 24a to 24c is symbolically indicated in FIG. 1 by a short vertical dashed line (without numbered). However, the wiring of the drive lines 24a to 24c corresponds to the wiring of the drive line 24d described above.
• the control module 22 controls the actuators
• the actuator 20d is controlled via the drive line 24d with an electrical drive signal 36 for a predetermined drive time and with a predetermined drive energy. Then opens the associated injection valve 18 d and injected a quantity of fuel into a combustion chamber of the cylinder 16 d. After expiration of Activation duration, the control module 22 switches off the electrical control signal 36 again.
• Evaluation device 12 can be performed almost arbitrarily.
• the illustrated elements can also be distributed on different devices of the internal combustion engine 10 or of the motor vehicle, and / or they can be designed as arbitrary parts as an electrical circuit or by the computer program 34.
• the injection valves 18 may be designed such that the actuators 20 can actuate a respective valve element 56 (see FIG. 2) by means of a servo valve 38 (see FIG. 2) integrated in the respective injection valve 18.
• the actuators 20 may actuate the respective valve element 56 without the use of the servo valve 38, as will be explained later in FIG.
• the inventive method is not limited to the use of piezo actuators 42.
• FIG. 2 shows a simplified diagram of the servo valve 38, which may be installed in the injection valves 18.
• the servo valve 38 comprises a housing 40.
• the housing 40 in the drawing shows from top to bottom: the piezoactuator 42, a first plunger 44, a first plate 46, a hydraulic coupler 48 arranged on a section of the housing 40 , a second plunger 50, a second plate 52, a third plunger 54 and the above-mentioned valve element 56.
• the piezo-actuator 42 has two electrical connections 55a and 55b, via which the piezo-actuator 42, an electrical driving energy can be supplied ,
• a hydraulic pressure chamber 57 is arranged between a lower end portion in the drawing of the first plunger 44 and an upper end portion of the second plunger 50 in the drawing.
• a fluid space enclosed by the housing 40 (without reference numeral) is connected by means of a fluid line 59 to a hydraulic fluid, not shown
• the first, the second and the third plunger 44, 50 and 54 each have an approximately cylindrical geometry.
• the valve element 56 has an approximately hemispherical geometry on.
• a first coil spring 58 is disposed, and between the second plate 52 and the hydraulic coupler 48, a second coil spring 60 is arranged.
• FIG. 2 shows the valve element 56 in a first position (upper in the drawing).
• the first position corresponds to the closed servovalve 38.
• an upper sealing section of the valve element 56 in the drawing is struck against a sealing seat (without reference numeral) of the housing 40.
• the second and the third plunger 44, 50 and 54 and by means of the hydraulic pressure chamber 57 a power transmission between the piezo-actuator 42 and the valve element 56 is possible.
• the valve element 56 in the drawing down into a - not shown - second position to be moved, which, for example, an open position of the
• Servo valve 38 corresponds.
• a drive energy is supplied to the piezo actuator 42 by means of an electrical current. This is done - in the
• valve element 56 of the servo valve 38 hydraulically controls a valve body, not shown in FIG. 2, for example a valve needle, by means of which fuel the cylinder 16 can be injected into a combustion chamber.
• the valve element 56 corresponds to said valve body or the valve needle.
• FIG. 3 shows a time diagram of a signal 62 which is between the
• Connections 55a and 55b of the piezo-actuator 42 can be determined.
• a time t is plotted on the abscissa and the signal voltage 28 on the ordinate
• Coordinate origin characterizes a time tO at which a control (energization) by the control module 22 is ended.
• the time tO characterizes the beginning of a time interval 64, in which the actuator 20 is not driven.
• the actuator 20 is actuated at least once in a first time interval before the time t0 and then not driven in the second time interval 64.
• the piezoelectric actuator 42 has its greatest extent and the valve element 56 is at least slightly raised from its sealing seat.
• the valve element 56 is pushed upward after the end of the drive in the drawing of FIG. 2 and strikes its sealing seat at a time t1. Due to the transmission of force described in FIG. 2, this impact is transmitted to the piezo actuator 42 at least in a weakened manner. As a result, the signal 62 has an approximately abrupt change (jump function) at the time t1.
• the curve of the signal 62 shown in FIG. 3 can optionally be replaced by any electrical interference signals and / or compensation processes or
• Signal voltage 28 are not shown in the drawing.
• the control can be gradually reduced. This is done, for example, by keeping a drive duration of the piezo actuator 42 constant and gradually reducing an associated amplitude of a pulse-like drive voltage between the terminals 55a and 55b. Accordingly, the respective maximum extent of the piezo-actuator 42 is gradually reduced. It follows that the time t1 shown in FIG. 3 occurs earlier in a stepwise manner. At the same time, the abutment of the valve element 56 at its sealing seat can be made correspondingly weaker, with an amplitude of the signal 62 correspondingly decreasing stepwise. By the gradual
• Determining the time t1 can thus the threshold value 31 of the drive energy
• (- 'energy demand) can be determined, in which the valve element 56 just or can no longer lift off the sealing seat.
• the threshold value 31 can also be determined by increasing the drive energy step by step, starting from a very small or even vanishing drive energy, until the signal 62 can be determined for the first time.
• FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for carrying out a method for
• a start block 66 the procedure shown in FIG. 4 begins.
• a first drive energy for the piezo actuator 42 is set, so that a lifting of the valve element 56 is made possible by its sealing seat.
• a height of the piezo actuator 42 is set, so that a lifting of the valve element 56 is made possible by its sealing seat.
• the signal 62 at the terminals 55a and 55b of the piezo actuator 42 is determined and a difference between the times t1 and t0 is formed.
• the latter can also be advantageous for checking the plausibility of the method and for reliable detection of the signal 62.
• a following query block 74 it is checked whether the signal 62 and / or the time t1 can still be determined, or whether an amplitude of the signal 62 is above a predetermined limit value. If applicable, the system branches to the beginning of block 70. If inaccurate, it can be concluded that the last set drive energy has reached the threshold value 31, at which the valve element 56 can not or may not lift off from the first position. Then, a branch is made to a following block 76. In block 76, the determined threshold value 31 of the drive energy in the data memory 30 is non-volatile for the relevant injection valve 18
• the determined threshold values 31 can be read from the data memory 30 during further operation of the internal combustion engine 10 and used as a reference value (base value, reference value) for controlling the injection valves 18 or the piezoactuators 42.
• Triggering of the injection valves 18 can thereby be carried out particularly accurately, in particular for operating cases in which only small amounts of fuel are to be injected into combustion chambers of the cylinders 16 for a pilot injection and / or post-injection.
• the determination of the threshold value 31 during operation of the internal combustion engine 10 or while driving the motor vehicle can be carried out, for example in an idle mode or a coasting operation of the internal combustion engine 10.
• any changes in the threshold value 31 over the life of the injector 18 can be determined and compensated ,

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
• Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
• Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=48483044

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (34)

• 2012
  • 2012-06-14 DE DE102012209965A patent/DE102012209965A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-05-14 JP JP2015516528A patent/JP6038300B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-05-14 WO PCT/EP2013/059913 patent/WO2013185996A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-05-14 EP EP13724550.2A patent/EP2861855A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-05-14 CN CN201380030934.3A patent/CN104350262B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-05-14 IN IN8080DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN08080A/en unknown
  • 2013-05-14 KR KR1020147034657A patent/KR20150023365A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-05-14 US US14/406,830 patent/US9567932B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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