EP2852723B1 - Structure de cadre métallique, kit pour logement mobile, logement mobile et profilé creux - Google Patents

Structure de cadre métallique, kit pour logement mobile, logement mobile et profilé creux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2852723B1
EP2852723B1 EP13727036.9A EP13727036A EP2852723B1 EP 2852723 B1 EP2852723 B1 EP 2852723B1 EP 13727036 A EP13727036 A EP 13727036A EP 2852723 B1 EP2852723 B1 EP 2852723B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profiles
longitudinal
profile
roof
floor
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EP13727036.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2852723A1 (fr
Inventor
Mohammad EHSASI
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Ehsasi Mohammad
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34326—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by longitudinal elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34331—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by three-dimensional elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/06—Office buildings; Banks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
    • E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
    • E04B2001/5881—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements using an undercut groove, e.g. dovetail groove
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H2001/1283—Small buildings of the ISO containers type

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of container-shaped, modular and mobile housing.
  • Such dwellings can in particular be residential containers, office containers or room cells. These serve to offer rooms for living and/or working in places where they are needed temporarily and temporarily. Examples of this are office containers for construction workers and designers near a construction site or overnight accommodations for aid workers and victims in disaster areas.
  • the mobile dwelling must have certain minimum dimensions in order to be able to accommodate the items and equipment required for the intended purpose, for example sleeping and work furniture and the like.
  • the dwelling must be stable enough to withstand possible strong weather conditions and, if necessary, to be stackable to form a residential or work area.
  • WO 2010/080072 A2 discloses an aluminum profile with a square cross-section, the four edges of which are constructed identically. Each edge includes two shallow depressions and one central, deeper depression that extends in a groove shape along the longitudinal axis of the profile.
  • a number of such profiles can be assembled into a frame structure, for example into offices, accommodation and the like. While the deeper groove serves as a connecting means for assembling several profiles together to form the frame structure, a holding element is inserted in each of the shallow depressions.
  • a wall element can be inserted between two adjacent holding elements and held in a clamped connection by means of the holding elements.
  • U.S. 2011/000146 A1 discloses an enclosure for a bed or private lounge.
  • This housing has a frame structure which is composed of profiles.
  • the profiles are extruded aluminum profiles that are screwed together to form the frame structure.
  • To increase the strength of the frame structure also employs a base frame and reinforcement materials formed of steel.
  • U.S. 2008/0053015 A1 an angle element bent from sheet metal.
  • the angle element has a folded section that allows it to be hung on an L-shaped steel beam.
  • the folded section encompasses one side of the steel girder.
  • a housing for a ventilation system which has a frame composed of hollow profiles.
  • the hollow profiles are bent from sheet steel and connected to one another using corner fittings.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mobile dwelling, a frame structure and a kit for this, as well as a corresponding hollow profile for the frame structure, which can be manufactured inexpensively and made available at short notice.
  • such dwellings should be characterized by short-term availability and simple interim storage.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of providing a system of profiles for assembling a mobile dwelling, wherein the profiles are first assembled in a simple and safe manner to form a frame structure of the dwelling. This frame structure can then be further wall, roof and floor elements can be expanded to form the complete dwelling.
  • the profiles can be detachably connected to one another, ie in particular by means of plug-in, clamp and/or screw connections. This eliminates the usual and necessary welding work during assembly. In this way, the assembly costs and the assembly times of such dwellings could be reduced. In addition, a short-term availability, a simple interim storage and an exchange of such dwellings between the different uses would be possible.
  • the devices described herein have a number of advantages due to the use of profiles with longitudinal structures that can be designed as desired. They can provide a consistent and systematic design for relatively strong and rigid metal frame structures that are transportable and stackable. They allow easy assembly, flexible construction in terms of size, high mobility and efficient assembly and disassembly. Due to the large number of possible longitudinal structure designs, they allow many functionalities, a fast manufacturing process, the use of sustainable manufacturing processes, low production costs, simplification of storage, packaging, transport, handling, care and repair. Furthermore, the use of many standard types of floor, roof and wall elements is made possible.
  • the containerized modular mobile home is a self-contained, modular, self-supporting building that is portable and can be used as a temporary office, living space, or emergency shelter.
  • a dwelling resembles a usual sea container in shape and size. However, it has a much lighter one Frame construction, which usually has to be built according to binding building regulations.
  • Such modular dwellings can be combined and/or stacked to construct two-, three- or higher-story structures.
  • what distinguishes such container-like modular buildings from other types of modular constructions is the construction of the frame, which gives the office container its characteristic container shape.
  • the metallic frame structure and thus also the mobile housing formed from it preferably has a length of at least 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 meters, a width of at least 1, 1.5 or 2 meters and/or a height of at least 1.1 .5, 2 or 2.5 meters.
  • the housing preferably has the dimensions of a 20-foot or a 40-foot ISO container.
  • the mobile dwelling can have a width of up to 3 meters, a length of up to 10 or 13 meters and/or a height of up to 3 meters, optionally in combination with one of the aforementioned dimensions.
  • the metallic frame structure comprises a lower floor frame, an upper roof frame and vertical supports, in particular four such supports along vertical edges of the frame structure, which connect the two floor and roof frames together.
  • the preferably rectangular floor frame is formed from horizontal main floor profiles which are detachably connected to one another.
  • the preferably rectangular roof frame is formed from horizontal main roof profiles which are detachably connected to one another.
  • Floor main profile and roof main profile can also be referred to as floor beams and roof beams, respectively, while the vertical supports or support profiles can be referred to as vertical beams.
  • the vertically arranged support profiles connect the floor frame to the roof frame in parallel arrangement at a vertical distance from each other by means of a detachable connection.
  • a rigid connection between the two frames is preferably formed by means of the support profiles.
  • the support profiles are designed and arranged in such a way that when two or more are stacked several frame structures, or a stack of two dwellings each comprising such a frame structure, a stacked further frame structure or further dwelling is mainly supported by means of the vertical support profiles.
  • an upper frame structure is supported essentially only by means of the support profiles of the lower frame structure.
  • the load distribution is therefore hardly or not at all, for example via wall elements that complete the dwelling, but do not have to absorb or transmit any forces themselves.
  • Each support profile forms a bottom corner connection by means of the adjoining main floor profiles of the floor frame and a roof corner connection by means of the adjoining main roof profiles of the roof frame.
  • These corner joints not only play an important role in connecting the horizontal and vertical main beams, i.e. the frame main profiles, the roof main profiles and the support profiles. They also form the attachment points, for example when moving with a crane.
  • Several dwellings or frame structures can also be firmly connected to one another at their corners or fixed to one another.
  • the entry and exit points for rainwater are located at these corners.
  • At least one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles is a hollow profile made of metal, which has a longitudinal structure extending along the longitudinal direction of the profile and emanating from an outer profile surface, which is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal depression or longitudinal groove and is transverse at its attachment to the profile outer surface has a shoulder width of less than 20, 15 or 10 millimeters to the longitudinal direction of the profile.
  • the hollow profile can partially or completely have a round, circular, oval, square, rectangular and/or polygonal cross section.
  • the fact that the longitudinal structure is formed starting from an outer profile surface means that, viewed geometrically, it consists of a circumference of the Cross-section of the hollow profile protrudes inwards or outwards.
  • the beginning of the longitudinal structure lies on the circumference of the cross section and has a maximum extent of 10, 15 or 25 millimeters along the circumference and thus transversely or perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the profile. If the longitudinal structure protrudes inwards from the shoulder on the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section, it is a longitudinal depression or longitudinal groove, ie a groove which extends along the longitudinal direction of the profile. In contrast, there is talk of a longitudinal elevation, ie an elevation on the hollow profile along the longitudinal direction of the profile, if the longitudinal structure protrudes outwards from the base on the circumference of the hollow profile cross section.
  • the longitudinal structures discussed here also each have a height, i.e. an extension perpendicular to the hollow profile surface measured from the base or from the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section inwards or outwards, of at least 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 millimeters or more. This means that the longitudinal structure protrudes at least by this height from the circumference of the cross section of the hollow profile inwards in the case of a longitudinal groove or outwards in the case of a longitudinal elevation.
  • the longitudinal structure serves to form assembly opportunities for detachable connections of elements with the hollow profile.
  • the bottom corner connection and/or the roof corner connection can be formed by means of the longitudinal structure.
  • a longitudinal structure in the form of a longitudinal elevation on the support profile can serve to form a contact surface for placing the main floor profile and/or the main roof profile during assembly.
  • the longitudinal elevation can also make it possible to drill a hole through it in order to form a screw connection between the profiles to be connected to one another.
  • connection parts can be provided as part of the floor corner connection and/or the roof corner connection.
  • stacking elements or stacking plates are provided, which support the profiles upwards and/or downwards to graduate. They form contact surfaces to distribute the load of frame structures or dwellings stacked on top of one another to the supporting profiles underneath.
  • reinforcement elements can be provided in the form of reinforcement inserts or reinforcement sleeves, which are pushed into adjacent hollow profiles at the connections in order to facilitate assembly as guide elements and to stabilize the connections themselves.
  • Angle elements and fastening brackets can also be provided in order to strengthen the bottom corner connection and/or the roof corner connection.
  • a fastening bracket can exclusively or additionally fix two main floor profiles or main roof profiles which abut on the support profile.
  • the hollow profile with the longitudinal structure is formed from a one-piece, two-piece or multiple-piece bent metal sheet, preferably steel sheet, which is welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile, the longitudinal structure starting from the outer surface of the profile being formed by bending.
  • bent metal sheet preferably steel sheet
  • connection methods can alternatively also be used in order to close the bent metal sheets along the longitudinal direction of the profile, so that a hollow profile is created.
  • the metal sheet preferably has a thickness of at least 1, 2, 3 or 4 millimeters, but the metal sheet thickness is preferably between 2 and 5 millimeters.
  • Welding the bent sheet metal along the longitudinal direction of the profile can significantly increase the flexural rigidity and the strength of the profile, particularly under pressure along the longitudinal direction of the profile.
  • the metal sheet can be bent using a press brake.
  • the roll forming or cold rolling of profiles a continuous bending process in which strip material made of sheet metal is gradually formed by a number of pairs of rollers to the desired final cross-section, allows the production of hollow profiles of almost any length with longitudinal structures, as explained above and below.
  • the profiles with longitudinal structures explained here can be produced by means of roll forming at a significantly higher speed and thus with a significantly higher throughput in comparison to press brakes.
  • a complete set of profiles for a frame structure including main, floor and roof profiles and secondary profiles, can be produced within 5 to 10 minutes. These profiles can then be plugged and/or screwed together into a frame structure within an hour or two.
  • the assembly of common office containers, where the profiles have to be connected by welding, can take up to 6 or 8 hours of work.
  • the longitudinal structure in the form of a longitudinal elevation can be a fold, doubling or fold of the metal sheet.
  • the shoulder width is only about twice the thickness of the metal sheet, and the metal on one side of the fold touches the metal on the other side of the fold.
  • Such a fold or a longitudinal increase in which there is a distance between the two metal sides of the longitudinal increase in the millimeter range, can be easily drilled, for example to enable a screw connection that can be placed anywhere along the longitudinal direction of the profile.
  • the longitudinal structure When viewing the hollow profile in cross-section, the longitudinal structure preferably has a finger-shaped, triangular, rectangular, square, T-shaped, dovetail-shaped or circular cross-section.
  • the longitudinal structure preferably widens starting from the base. This means that the longitudinal structure has a smaller width (equal to the attachment width) along the circumference of the hollow profile than further away from the circumference. This is particularly advantageous in the case of a longitudinal groove, which can then accommodate a sliding block which can be displaced as desired along the longitudinal direction of the profile in the longitudinal groove. If the slot nut has a threaded hole, a screw connection that can be placed variably along the longitudinal direction of the slot can be produced as a result.
  • the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile in such embodiments is designed as a longitudinal groove in which a sliding block with an internal thread is arranged, with the sliding block forming a screw connection by means of which one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or supporting profiles is connected to another of the main floor profiles , Roof main profiles and / or support profiles is detachably connected.
  • a screw connection can also be used to attach other elements such as secondary floor profiles or secondary roof profiles to the main floor profiles or main roof profiles.
  • the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal groove in such a way that it forms a contact edge for laying on a section of one of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles.
  • the contact edge stretched along the longitudinal direction of the profile can be formed on a first main floor profile, main roof profile and/or support profile in order to allow a second profile to be placed, which is to be connected to the first profile.
  • This contact edge supports and supports the secure connection and also serves as a guide element when arranging the profiles to be connected.
  • the hollow profile preferably has two longitudinal structures designed as longitudinal elevations, which form a longitudinal channel between them, in particular a C-shaped or U-shaped longitudinal channel.
  • the longitudinal channel accommodates a portion of another profile.
  • the longitudinal channel can be formed on the supporting profile and can accommodate the end or the face of a main floor and/or roof profile.
  • the longitudinal channel can be designed as a rain gutter and/or waste water channel.
  • the longitudinal channel can serve to accommodate wall, floor or roof elements.
  • a C-shaped or U-shaped longitudinal channel can also be formed by means of only one longitudinal elevation in the present sense, which forms a boundary of the longitudinal channel. In this case, the further delimitation of the longitudinal channel is formed by means of a fold, for example a 90-degree fold.
  • the hollow profile can have at least three, four or five longitudinal structures in advantageous embodiments, each of which is designed as a longitudinal elevation or longitudinal groove.
  • the support profiles can have four longitudinal elevations which, in pairs, each form a longitudinal channel for applying the floor and roof main profiles.
  • the main floor profiles can in turn have, for example, two triangular or T-shaped longitudinal grooves in which sliding blocks with threaded holes are arranged, as well as a longitudinal channel for accommodating wall elements and a longitudinal recess or longitudinal groove for accommodating floor elements.
  • the main roof profiles can each have one or two longitudinal grooves in which sliding blocks with threaded holes are arranged, a longitudinal channel for accommodating wall elements, an opposite longitudinal channel as a rain gutter and a longitudinal elevation in the form of a fold to hold a roof element.
  • the main floor profiles each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations
  • the main roof profiles each have one or two longitudinal grooves and one or two longitudinal elevations
  • the support profiles each have two, three or four longitudinal elevations.
  • secondary floor profiles which are each arranged between two parallel main floor profiles and are detachably connected to the two parallel main floor profiles
  • secondary roof profiles which are each arranged between two parallel main roof profiles and are detachably connected to the two parallel main roof profiles
  • the secondary floor profiles are supported or mounted by longitudinal structures of the main floor profiles and/or the secondary roof profiles are supported or mounted by longitudinal structures of the main roof profiles.
  • the secondary roof profiles form part of the roof frame and serve to stiffen them horizontally.
  • the secondary floor profiles form part of the floor frame and serve to stiffen them horizontally.
  • Floor elements can be arranged on the secondary floor profiles in order to close the dwelling at the bottom and to offer an interior space that can be walked on. If the base of the frame structure or housing is rectangular, i.e. if two of the main floor profiles or the main roof profiles are longer than the other two, the secondary floor profiles or secondary floor profiles are preferably attached to the longer main floor profiles or main roof profiles.
  • the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal groove, in which a sliding block with an internal thread is arranged, with the T-nut a screw is formed, by means of which the secondary profiles are detachably connected to the main floor profiles and / or main roof profiles.
  • the longitudinal groove is thus formed on one or more of the main floor profiles and/or main roof profiles, preferably along the longer main floor profiles or main roof profiles.
  • the hollow profile expediently has two longitudinal grooves running parallel to one another, which can be used to fix the secondary profile more securely to the hollow profile by means of two screw connections.
  • the longitudinal structure of the hollow profile is designed as a longitudinal groove in which a holding section or insertion element of the secondary profile engages in order to form plug-in connections between the hollow profile and the secondary profiles.
  • the secondary floor profiles are designed as open C or I profiles.
  • the secondary floor profiles are each formed as a hollow profile from a one-piece, two-piece or multi-piece bent metal sheet, preferably steel sheet.
  • the metal sheet can preferably be welded along the longitudinal direction of the profile in order to provide a robust hollow profile structure.
  • the secondary floor profiles can be attached to the floor or roof main profiles by means of screw connections.
  • a section or an insertion element of a secondary floor profile can engage in a longitudinal groove of the floor or roof main profile, preferably engaging in a form-fitting manner such that a plug-in or clamped connection is created.
  • the metallic frame structure described herein in all its possible embodiments can be used to form a container-shaped, modular and mobile dwelling, in particular a living container, an office container or a room cell.
  • wall elements, roof elements and floor elements are attached to the frame structure arranged, which together with the frame structure enclose an interior of the dwelling.
  • the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements can in particular have heat insulation means and they can preferably be fireproof.
  • one or more of these elements may have openings for doors, windows, vents and the like.
  • the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements are arranged on respective longitudinal elevations and/or in respective longitudinal grooves of the main floor profiles, main roof profiles and/or support profiles.
  • some or all main floor profiles, some or all main roof profiles and/or some or all support profiles have folds on their sides facing away from the interior of the housing, which run parallel to the wall elements, roof elements and/or floor elements and thus the supporting edges or joints of these Hide elements on the associated profiles.
  • the metal frame structure or the container-shaped, modular and mobile housing with the frame structure is preferably provided in the form of a kit.
  • This kit therefore includes the main floor and roof profiles either individually or assembled into a floor frame or roof frame, as well as the support profiles. When folded, the kit can be stored to save space and transported easily.
  • the 1 shows a perspective view of a frame structure for a mobile dwelling, in particular for an office container, a residential container or a room cell.
  • the frame structure has a cuboid structure with a floor frame and a roof frame, which are connected to one another via the support profiles 3 .
  • the floor frame is formed from four main floor profiles 1 connected to one another via the support profiles 3 and a multiplicity of secondary floor profiles 41 which are arranged between the two longer main floor profiles 1 and mounted on them.
  • four main roof profiles 2 connected to one another via the support profiles 3 and a large number of secondary roof profiles 42 form the roof frame.
  • the main floor profiles 1 are detachably connected to the support profiles 3 at floor corner connections, while the main roof profiles 2 are connected to the support profiles 3 at roof corner connections. These corner connections form essential elements of the present frame structure and are explained in more detail below.
  • a plurality of retaining bores 51 are also provided at the corners of the frame structure, which are used to connect the frame structure to one or more other frame structures.
  • a further frame structure can be stacked on top of the frame structure, for example.
  • the load of the further frame structure is preferably essentially completely taken up by the four supporting profiles 3 of the frame structure, so that no vertical force due to the stacking presses on the main floor profiles 1 or the main roof profiles 2 .
  • the frame structure from 1 can be completed with wall, roof and floor panels to form the complete dwelling.
  • the 2 is an exploded view of the frame structure from the 1 .
  • the support profiles 3 are each terminated on both sides with stacking plates 31 .
  • a stacking plate 31 serves on the one hand to protect the interior of the associated support profile 3 from dirt and water.
  • it offers a support surface for a further frame structure stacked on the frame structure.
  • Reinforcement sleeves 32 shown which are inserted at the ends of the main floor profiles 1 and the main roof profiles 2 in the main floor profiles 1 and in the main roof profiles 2 and thus reinforce the respective corner connection.
  • the secondary floor profiles 41 and the secondary roof profiles 42 are I-profiles, also called double-T-beams or double-T-profiles.
  • I-profiles also called double-T-beams or double-T-profiles.
  • others can Types of profiles are used, in particular profiles made of bent sheet metal and preferably welded along a longitudinal direction to form hollow profiles, preferably made of sheet steel.
  • a possible implementation of a Bodenecktagen is in the Figures 3 and 4 illustrated, where the 3 a three-dimensional sectional drawing and 4 Figure 13 is an exploded view of the bottom corner connection.
  • the connection between two main floor profiles 11 , 12 striking the support profile 3 is formed via the support profile 3 .
  • the floor rails 11, 12 are a long floor rail 11 extending along a length of the frame structure and a short floor rail 12 of the floor frame extending along a width of the frame structure.
  • the support profile 3 has an essentially square cross section and four longitudinal structures 74, 75 in the form of folds or folds of the metal sheet from which the support profile 3 has emerged by means of bending.
  • Two longitudinal structures 74, 75 each form the boundaries of a longitudinal channel 82 along the profile longitudinal direction of the support profile 3.
  • the end faces of the floor main profiles 11, 12 are inserted into these longitudinal channels 82 and fixed by means of screws.
  • the screws are inserted through holes in the longitudinal structures 74, 75.
  • the end faces of the main floor profiles 11, 12 resting on the support profile 3 are reinforced by means of inserted reinforcement sleeves 32 in order to avoid an undesirable profile bending there.
  • the support profile 3 is closed at the bottom by a stacking plate 31, which also offers a contact surface for the ends of the main floor profiles 11, 12.
  • the two main floor profiles 11, 12 essentially have the same cross section. Its cross section is rectangular and is provided with a total of four longitudinal structures 71, 72, 73.
  • Two of the longitudinal structures 71 are designed as longitudinal grooves with a T-shaped cross-section, with a narrow neck at their base on the outer surface of the profile and a widening extending therefrom into the inner region of the hollow profile.
  • sliding blocks are used with internally threaded holes, which can take screws.
  • they serve to connect the two main floor profiles 11 , 12 directly to one another in the area of the floor corner connection by means of a corner fixing element 52 and at the same time to press against the support profile 3 .
  • the corner fixing element 52 By means of the corner fixing element 52 extending between the two main floor profiles 11, 12 around the support profile 3, the floor corner connection is thus secured and strengthened.
  • the two parallel longitudinal structures 71 with sliding blocks arranged therein offer the possibility of arranging secondary floor profiles 41 distributed along the longitudinal direction of the profile and fastening them to the main floor profile 1 , 11 .
  • this is done for each secondary floor profile 41 by means of an angle fixing element 53 which is screwed, riveted, welded or fixed in some other way to the secondary floor profile 41 and screwed to sliding blocks in the longitudinal structures 71 .
  • the secondary floor profiles 41 of which in the Figures 3 and 4 only one is shown attached to the long main floor profile 11.
  • a further longitudinal structure 72 in the form of a longitudinal groove is arranged below the two aforementioned longitudinal structures 71 and accommodates an edge of a floor covering 61 which closes off the housing at the bottom.
  • the floor covering 61 comprises a number of segments which each rest on a lower horizontal surface of adjacent secondary floor profiles 41 .
  • Insulating elements 64 are arranged on the floor covering 61 and inserted into recesses in the secondary floor profiles 41 .
  • a floor element 63 is provided as the floor of the dwelling. The floor element 63 rests on the upper edges of the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the secondary floor profiles 41.
  • a further longitudinal structure 73 rises at the outer edges of the main floor profiles 11, 12.
  • This longitudinal structure 73 forms a boundary of a longitudinal channel 81 along each main floor profile 11, 12 and is used for accommodation of the wall elements 62.
  • the wall elements are therefore framed on their outer surfaces facing away from the interior of the housing by external longitudinal structures 73, 75, which are formed as folds on the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the support profile 3.
  • the floor covering 61, the wall elements 62, the floor element 63 and the insulating element 64 from the 3 are in the exploded view of the frame structure in 4 not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 is the roof check connection according to the Figures 3 and 4 as a three-dimensional sectional drawing in figure 5 and as an exploded drawing in 6 shown. This is the same support profile 3 as in the Figures 3 and 4 shown. This is also closed at the top by means of a stacking plate 31 .
  • Retaining bores 51 are also visible in the stacking plate 31 and in the support profile 3, which can be used to connect several frame structures that are lined up and/or stacked on top of one another.
  • the longitudinal structure 73 on the outer upper edges of the main roof profiles 21, 22 fulfills a function similar to that of the main floor profiles 11, 12, in that they each form an outer boundary of a longitudinal channel 81.
  • the support profile 3 has recesses at the upper end in the extension of the longitudinal channels 81, through which rainwater or waste water can flow out of the longitudinal channels 81 into the hollow profile of the support profile 3 and down there.
  • a secondary roof profile 42 Corresponding to the arrangement of the secondary floor profile 41, the floor element 63, the insulating element 64 and the floor paneling 61 in the lower area of the frame structure on the floor main profiles 11, 12, in the upper area of the housing on the roof main profiles 21, 22 are a secondary roof profile 42, a roof inner paneling 65, a further insulating element 64 and a roof element 66 or a roof outer lining 66 are shown attached.
  • the outer roof lining 66 is here folded around a longitudinal structure 76 which is designed in the form of a fold or a fold which inclines into the longitudinal channel 81 . In this way it is ensured that the outer roof paneling 66 is stretched over the interior of the housing and prevents the ingress of rainwater.
  • the longitudinal structure 76 is inclined in the direction of the longitudinal channel 81 in order to support the flow of water from the outer roof lining 66 into the longitudinal channel 81 .
  • main roof profiles 21, 22 each have a further longitudinal structure 77 in the form of a fold extending downward along their outside facing away from the interior of the housing. This serves as a contact surface for the wall elements 62 and, together with the longitudinal structures 73 of the main floor profiles 11, 12 and the outer longitudinal structures 77 of the support profile 3, completes the above-mentioned surrounding framing of the wall element 62.
  • the longitudinal structures also increase the flexural strength of the main roof profiles 21, 22. More, in the Figures 5 and 6 shown longitudinal structures of the main roof profiles 21, 22 serve to further increase the flexural strength.
  • the Figures 7 and 8 illustrate an alternative connection option for fixing a secondary floor profile 41 to a main floor profile 1 or a secondary roof profile 42 to a main roof profile 2.
  • the corresponding main profile 1, 2 has an insertion groove instead of two longitudinal grooves into which sliding blocks with threaded holes can be inserted.
  • the secondary profile 41, 42 has an insertion element 411.
  • the male member 411 may itself be a fold of sheet metal, or as shown in FIGS Figures 7 and 8 shown to be a simple, i.e. not double-folded, sheet metal section.
  • the secondary profile 41, 42 is folded from sheet metal and, in contrast to a hollow profile, has an open cross section. It is a C-shaped profile.
  • the main profile 1, 2 also has a longitudinal structure 79 in the form of a projection, on which the secondary profile 41, 42 rests with a lower bearing surface 412 and is supported.
  • a fold 91 can serve to form a delimitation of a longitudinal channel, or a stop or support surface for applying a further hollow profile or further structural elements, such as wall, floor or roof elements. Furthermore, a fold 91 can easily and safely be drilled through in order to fix such a component or another hollow profile by screwing.
  • a projection 94 can fulfill the same functions as the fold 91 . This is an increase with the same width, measured perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the profile, but this width is greater than twice the metal sheet thickness. In other words, the two sections of the sheet metal bent onto one another do not lie directly one on top of the other, as in the case of folding, but have a spacing which can be empty or filled with a material, for example with an insulating material. In all of the embodiments, a projection 94 can also be used instead of a fold 91, or vice versa.
  • an inwardly widening groove 92 can be provided, ie a groove that has a smaller width at the base along the circumference of the hollow profile cross-section than at a distance from the inner area of the hollow profile.
  • the widening groove 92 according to a dovetail-shaped cross section 11f ), a round or circular cross-section according to 11g ), a diamond-shaped or tilted-square cross-section according to Figure 11i ), a T-shaped cross-section according to one of 11b), 11c), 11d) or 11e ) or have a different shaped cross-section.
  • An insertion groove 93 is kept narrow enough to accommodate a suitable plate element, a sheet metal section or a folded section with as little play as possible perpendicular to the width of the groove. Such an element or such a section is preferably held in the insertion groove 93 by means of a clamping effect.
  • a bent fold 95 is a fold in which the two sheet metal sections lying one on top of the other are in turn kinked or bent together.
  • the curved fold 95 can also be angled only in the folded area.
  • a curved fold 95 is a fold that does not protrude perpendicularly from the surface of the hollow profile.
  • the Figures 9a), 9b), 9c) and 9d ) each show cross sections of different advantageous support profiles.
  • the Figures 10a), 10b), 10c) and 10d Shown different preferred configurations of a main roof profile in a cross-sectional view.
  • the Figures 11a), 11b), 11c), 11d), 11e), 11f), 11g), and 11i in turn show cross-sectional representations of preferred embodiments for a main floor profile.
  • the hollow profile shown has a total of six different longitudinal structures, with the respective attachment widths being illustrated by arrows. From top to bottom, these are a T-shaped longitudinal groove 92, a consistently wide longitudinal groove or insertion groove 93, a projection 94, a fold 91, a dovetail-shaped longitudinal groove 922 and a curved or kinked fold 95. It is this attachment width, measured along the perimeter of the cross-section of the hollow profile, which has a maximum value of 20, 15 or 10 millimeters may have. Structures of this type cannot usually be achieved by means of bending processes. For this purpose, instead, profile manufacturing processes such as the roll-forming process must be used for metal sheets, especially for steel sheets.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Une structure métallique de cadre d'un logement modulaire et mobile, en particulier un conteneur résidentiel, un conteneur de bureau ou une cellule spatiale, comprenant :
    - des profils principaux de base horizontaux (1), qui sont reliés de façon détachable les uns aux autres pour former un cadre de base ;
    - des profils principaux de toit horizontaux (2), qui sont reliés de façon détachable les uns aux autres pour former un cadre de toit ;
    - des profils de support verticaux (3), qui sont chacun relié de façon détachable avec les profils principaux de base (1) du cadre de base au moyen d'une connexion d'angle de base et avec les profils principaux de toit (2) du cadre de toit au moyen d'une connexion d'angle de toit de telle sorte que le cadre de base et le cadre de toit soient reliés parallèlement à une distance verticale l'un de l'autre, dans laquelle les profils de support (3) sont conçus et disposés de telle sorte que, dans un empilement de deux ou plusieurs structures de cadre l'une sur l'autre, une structure de cadre supplémentaire empilée est soutenue principalement au moyen des profils de support verticaux (3), dans laquelle
    - au moins un des profils principaux de base (1), des profils principaux de toit (2) et / ou des profils de support (3) est un profil creux en métal, qui présente au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) s'étendant le long de la direction longitudinale du profil et partant d'une face extérieure du profil, qui sont respectivement formées comme une élévation longitudinale et ont une largeur de fixation inférieure à 20, 15 ou 10 millimètres à leur fixation à la surface extérieure du profil transversalement à la direction longitudinale du profil,
    - le profil creux présentant les au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) est formé d'une tôle métallique, de préférence d'une tôle d'acier, en une pièce, deux pièces ou plusieurs pièces, qui est courbée et soudée le long de la direction longitudinale du profil, dans laquelle les structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) s'étendant de la surface extérieure du profil sont formées par courbement, et
    - les au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) du profil creux sont conçues comme élévations longitudinales de telle sorte qu'elles forment un bord de pose pour poser une section de l'un des profils principaux de base (1), des profils principaux de toit (2) et / ou des profils de support (3).
  2. La structure de cadre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la connexion d'angle de base et/ou la connexion d'angle de toit est formée au moyen de la structure longitudinale (71, 72, ...).
  3. La structure de cadre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la structure longitudinale (71, 72, ...) du profil creux présente un pliage de la tôle métallique ou une élévation longitudinale, dans laquelle il existe une distance entre les deux côtés métalliques de l'élévation longitudinale de l'ordre du millimètre.
  4. La structure de cadre selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la structure longitudinale (71, 72, ...) du profil creux présente une section triangulaire, rectangulaire, carrée, en forme de T ou circulaire.
  5. La structure de cadre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le profil creux présente deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) formées comme une élévation longitudinale, qui forment entre elles un canal longitudinal, en particulier un canal longitudinal en forme de C ou de U (81, 82).
  6. La structure de cadre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le profil creux présente au moins trois, quatre ou cinq structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...), qui sont chacune formées comme une élévation longitudinale ou une rainure longitudinale.
  7. La structure de cadre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les profils principaux de base (1) présentent chacun une ou deux rainures longitudinales et une ou deux élévations longitudinales, les profils principaux du toit (2) présentent chacun une ou deux rainures longitudinales et une ou deux élévations longitudinales et les profils de support (3) présentent chacun deux, trois ou quatre élévations longitudinales.
  8. La structure de cadre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par des profils secondaires de base (41), qui sont chacun disposés entre deux profils principaux de base parallèles (1) et reliés de façon détachable aux deux profils principaux de base parallèles (1), et/ou profils secondaires de toit (42), qui sont chacun disposés entre deux profils principaux de toit parallèles (2) et sont reliés de façon détachable aux deux profils principaux de toit parallèles (2), dans laquelle les profils secondaires de base (41) sont soutenus ou montés au moyen de structures longitudinales des profils principaux de base (1) et / ou les profils secondaires de toit (42) sont soutenus ou montés au moyen de structures longitudinales des profils principaux de toit (2).
  9. La structure de cadre selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les profils secondaires de base (41) et/ou les profils secondaires de toit (42) sont chacun formés comme un profil creux à partir de la tôle métallique, de préférence de la tôle d'acier, en une pièce, deux pièces ou plusieurs pièces, qui est courbée et soudée le long de la direction longitudinale du profil.
  10. Un kit pour un logement en forme de conteneur, modulaire et mobile, en particulier pour un conteneur résidentiel, un conteneur de bureau ou une cellule spatiale, présentant une structure de cadre métallique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  11. Un logement en forme de conteneur, modulaire et mobile, en particulier un conteneur résidentiel, un conteneur de bureau ou une cellule spatiale, avec une structure de cadre métallique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, ainsi qu'avec des éléments muraux, des éléments de toit et des éléments de base, qui sont disposés sur la structure de cadre et entourent avec la structure de cadre une zone intérieure du logement.
  12. Le logement selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les éléments muraux, les éléments de toit et / ou les éléments de base sont disposés sur des élévations longitudinales respectives et / ou dans des rainures longitudinales respectives des profils principaux de base, des profils principaux de toit et/ou des profils de support.
  13. Un profil creux qui est conçu comme profil principal de base (1), profil principal de toit (2) et/ou profil de support (3) pour une structure de cadre métallique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 et présente au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) s'étendant le long de la direction longitudinale du profil et partant d'une face extérieure du profil, qui sont chacune formées comme une élévation longitudinale et présentent une largeur de fixation inférieure à 20, 15 ou 10 millimètres à leur fixation à la surface extérieure du profil transversalement à la direction longitudinale du profil,
    le profil creux présentant les au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) est formé d'une tôle métallique, de préférence d'une tôle d'acier, en une pièce, deux pièces ou plusieurs pièces, qui est courbée et soudée le long de la direction longitudinale du profil, dans laquelle les structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) s'étendant de la surface extérieure du profil sont formées par courbement, et les au moins deux structures longitudinales (71, 72, ...) du profil creux sont conçues comme élévations longitudinales de telle sorte qu'elles forment un bord de pose pour poser une section de l'un des profils principaux de base (1), des profils principaux de toit (2) et / ou des profils de support (3).
EP13727036.9A 2012-04-27 2013-04-23 Structure de cadre métallique, kit pour logement mobile, logement mobile et profilé creux Active EP2852723B1 (fr)

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DE102012103719.1A DE102012103719B4 (de) 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 Metallische Rahmenstruktur, Bausatz für mobile Behausung, mobile Behausung und Hohlprofil
PCT/DE2013/100149 WO2013159772A1 (fr) 2012-04-27 2013-04-23 Structure de cadre métallique, kit pour logement mobile, logement mobile et profilé creux

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DE102012103719A1 (de) 2013-10-31
US9518386B2 (en) 2016-12-13
US20150159363A1 (en) 2015-06-11
EP2852723A1 (fr) 2015-04-01
WO2013159772A1 (fr) 2013-10-31
DE102012103719B4 (de) 2014-08-14

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